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Macroskills, Sva, Parallelism

This document discusses subject-verb agreement rules. It provides 15 rules for determining whether a subject takes a singular or plural verb. The rules cover topics such as subjects joined by "and", subjects that include prepositional phrases, questions, collective nouns, and more. Maintaining subject-verb agreement is important for clear communication.

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Estelle Dail Humiwat
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
83 views

Macroskills, Sva, Parallelism

This document discusses subject-verb agreement rules. It provides 15 rules for determining whether a subject takes a singular or plural verb. The rules cover topics such as subjects joined by "and", subjects that include prepositional phrases, questions, collective nouns, and more. Maintaining subject-verb agreement is important for clear communication.

Uploaded by

Estelle Dail Humiwat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE LOTTERY

THE FOUR STUDY SKILLS (MACRO-SKILLS)

 The four language skills are related to each


other in two ways:
 the direction of communication (in or out)
Input – reception, output –production

 the method of communication (spoken/oral or


written)

 MICRO-SKILLS- grammar, vocabulary and


pronunciation
THE FOUR STUDY SKILLS (MACRO-SKILLS)

INPUT
OUTPUT

1 2 3 4
LISTEN SPEAK READ

The third skill we


WRITE

When we were born, Using the sounds Using our reading


we develop language learn is reading, skills, we can move
we hear, we learn an input skill
skills by listening. forward from
The first skill we to respond through reinforced in recognizing
develop is listening. speaking. school. Without symbols to writing
(INPUT) (OUTPUT) learning this, the text.
fourth skill is
LISTENING
Borrowed time - Cueshe
Every ___1__ needs mending This ____6___ inside
Every start has an end Is an empty space I hide
Like the sunrise and the ___2___ It never __7___
That's just how it is Living my life in a lie
Love on ___3____ time Love on borrowed time
Will never be yours nor mine Will never be your nor mine
I need you like you need me I'll just close my __8___
The way we ought to be And it will be alright

[Chorus] [Repeat chorus]


Oh, it's good to be true, [Bridge]
If our ___4__ and dreams come true
Wish that I had more Now that you've gone away
Of this borrowed time You seems so close but you're
If only it would last a ____5___ Miles and miles away
LISTENING
Borrowed time - Cueshe
Every fight needs mending This bitterness inside
Every start has an end Is an empty space I hide
Like the sunrise and the sunset It never satisfies
That's just how it is Living my life in a lie
Love on borrowed time Love on borrowed time
Will never be yours nor mine Will never be your nor mine
I need you like you need me I'll just close my eyes
The way we ought to be And it will be alright

[Chorus] [Repeat chorus]


Oh, it's good to be true, [Bridge]
If our hopes and dreams come true
Wish that I had more Now that you've gone away
Of this borrowed time You seems so close but you're
If only it would last a lifetime Miles and miles away
LISTENING
 the ability to accurately receive and
interpret messages in the communication
process (HEARING VERSUS LISTENING)
voluntary involuntary
 PASSIVE VERSUS ACTIVE LISTENING

With intention to comprehend


Simply receiving
and select information you
sounds want to listen to
LISTENING TRIVIA…
 The smallest bones are in the middle ear: the incus,
the malleus, and the stapes (also called the anvil,
hammer, and stirrup).
LISTENING TRIVIA…

You feel dizziness


due to the
deflection of
endolymph and
cupula which
triggers the
movement of hair
cells in the ear.
SPEAKING
 done through the vocalization of
human communication

 Read the tongue twister.


Royal rural ruler
Find Me, Tell Me:

LISTENING AND
SPEAKING ACTIVITY
Task 1
LISTENING ACTIVITY
D

B
C

A
*Roundabout
READING
 decoding symbols with the
intention of deriving meaning from
the text
WRITING
 process of using symbols to
communicate thoughts and
ideas in a readable form
5TH MACRO-SKILL: Viewing
 refers to the ability to perceive meaning from
visual images and presentations
 broadens the ways in which students can
understand and communicate their ideas
TYPES OF VIEWING:
 Visual Literacy -ability to interpret meaning
from visual images (Georgis, 1999)
 Critical Viewing- ability to carefully
comprehend and evaluate information
presented by visual media
WRITING
WHAT IS THE SIMILARITY
BETWEEN THE LYRICS OF
THESE SONGS?
JUST THE WAY YOU ARE
Yeah, know, I know
When I compliment her she won't believe me
And it's so, it's so
Sad to think that she don't see what I see
But every time she asks me, "Do I look okay?"
I say,
BAD ROMANCE
I want your love and I want your revenge
You and me could write a bad romance
(Oh-oh-oh-oh-ooh!)
I want your love and all your lovers’ revenge
You and me could write a bad romance
Sad to think that she don't see what I see
Sad to think that she doesn’t see what I see

WHAT IS WRONG
ERRORS IN
WITH THESE LINES?
GRAMMAR

You and me could write a bad romance


You and I could write a bad romance
UNITY
one paragraph should
have one central idea

CLARITY
Ideas should not be vague but
should be adequately explained
magic.piktochart.com

set of conventions on how to spell,


abbreviate, punctuate, and capitalize

*Avoid redundancies, wordiness, clichés,


and highfalutin language.

*Mention the full name before the


abbreviation.

*Numbers from 0-10 must be spelled out.


magic.piktochart.com
magic.piktochart.com

Subject-verb agreement
be cautious with the
verbs you use for
your subjects and
remember the SVA
rules
SINGULAR OR PLURAL?

#yesUCanchoose
CHOOSE ME
1- raise pen 2- raise paper
The Girl Scout troop (go, goes) to the park
ever Sunday.
Ham and eggs (is, are) my favorite
combination for breakfast.
Neither the coach nor the team members
(has, have) uniforms.
Either Ryan’s parents or Maria’s sister
(is,are) picking us up.
CHOOSE ME
1- raise pen 2- raise paper
There (is,are) many trees around us.
The crayons in my little sister’s box (is,are)
broken.
The pair of glasses above the shelves (are, is)
mine.
Sixty centimeters (is, are) the length of an eel.
CHOOSE ME
1- raise pen 2- raise paper
Half of the pie (were, was) stolen.
(Does, Do) the lilac bushes bloom in
September?
The percentage of tourists in Baguio
City (is,are) increasing.
A number of students (asks,ask) a
question.
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

1. Subjects and verbs must agree


in number.

• The dog growls when he is angry.


• The dogs growl when they are angry.
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

2. Don’t get confused by the words


that come between the subject
and verb; they do not affect
agreement.

• The dog, who is chewing on my


jeans, is usually very good.
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

3. Prepositional phrases
between the subject and verb
usually do not affect agreement.

• The colors of the


rainbow are beautiful.
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

4. When sentences start with “there” or


“here,” the subject will always be
placed after the verb, so care needs
to be taken to identify it correctly.

• There is a problem with the machine.


• Here are the papers you requested.
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

5. Subjects don't always come before


verbs in questions. Make sure you
accurately identify the subject before
deciding on the proper verb form to use.

• Does Lefty usually eat grass?


Where are the pieces of this puzzle?
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

6. If two subjects are joined by and,


they typically require a plural verb
form.

• The cow and the pig are


jumping over the moon.
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

7. The verb is singular if the two


subjects separated by and refer to the
same person or thing or taken as one.

• Red beans and rice is my mom's


favorite dish.
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

8. If one of the words each or


every comes before the subject,
the verb is singular.

Each of us has a responsibility.


Every man and woman is required to
check in.
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

9. If the subjects are both singular and


are connected by the words or, nor,
neither/nor, either/or, and not only/but
also the verb is singular.

• Jessica or Christian is to blame for the


accident.
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

10. If the subjects are both plural


and are connected by the
words or, nor, neither/nor,
either/or, and not only/but also,
the verb is plural.

• Dogs and cats are both available


at the pound.
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

11. Plural or singular verb forms -


when noun and pronoun
subjects like some, half, none,
and all are followed by a
prepositional phrase.

• All of the chicken is gone.


All of the chickens are gone.
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

12. If one subject is singular and one plural


+ or, nor, neither/nor, either/or, and not
only/but also, you use the verb form of the
subject that is nearest to the verb.

• Either the bears or the lion has escaped.


• Neither the lion nor the bears have escaped .
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

13. The singular verb form is


usually used for units of
measurement or time.

• Four quarts of oil was required to


get the car running.
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

14. Collective nouns like herd,


senate, class, crowd, etc.
usually take a singular verb
form.

• The herd is stampeding.


SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT RULES

15. Titles of books, movies,


novels, etc. are treated as
singular and take a singular
verb.

• Beauty and the Beast is a movie.


COMPREHENSION
CHECK:
SVA RULES
PARALLELISM
PARALLELISM
when phrases in a sentence
have similar or the same
grammatical structure

provides a phrase with


pattern, rhythm, balance and
clarity
PARALLELISM
I enjoy eating, dancing and
___________.
a. to sing
b. singing
c. sing
d. songs
PARALLELISM

Learning a new language as an


adult is more difficult than
__________ one as a child.

A. learning
B. to learn
PARALLELISM

Every morning, I run two miles,


walk one mile, and
_________________.

A. half a mile on the bike


B. bike half a mile
PARALLELISM

The chef chopped the parsley,


peeled the tomatoes and
_______________
A. cut the zucchini into cubes
B. was cutting the zucchini into cubes
C. cubed the zucchini

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