Page : 1 of 51

KLM Technology
Group Rev: 01

Project Engineering
Sept 2012
Standard www.klmtechgroup.com

KLM Technology Group SPECIFICATION FOR MARINE

#03-12 Block Aronia, LOADING/UNLOADING FACILITIES
Jalan Sri Perkasa 2
Taman Tampoi Utama
81200 Johor Bahru (PROJECT STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS)
Malaysia

TABLE OF CONTENT

1.0 SCOPE 2
2.0 WORK PROCEDURE 2
2.1 Input to the Design 2
2.2 Output from Design 3
2.3 Work Steps 3
3.0 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 5
4.0 SYSTEM DESIGN 6
4.1 Mooring Facility 6
4.2 Loading/ Unloading Facility 8
4.3 Interconnecting Piping and Auxiliary Facility 12
4.4 Marine Loading Pump 17
5.0 LOADING ARM OPERATION PROCEDURES 18
5.1 Crude Oil and White and Black Oils 18
5.2 High Pressure LPG Loading 20
5.3 High Pressure LPG Unloading 21
5.4 Low Pressure LPG Loading/ Unloading 22
6.0 BERTHS AND SPOTS ARRANGEMENT 24
6.1 General 24
6.2 Basic Requirement of Design 24
6.3 Design Procedures 25
6.4Related Figures and Tables 41
7.0 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS 45
8.0 REFERENCES 49
8.1 Related COMPANY 49
8.2 Related Standards 49
 Page 2 of 51
KLM Technology
SPECIFICATION FOR MARINE
Group LOADING/UNLOADING
Rev: 01
FACILITIES
Project Engineering Standard
(PROJECT STANDARDS AND Sept 2012
SPECIFICATIONS)

1.0 SCOPE

This manual covers basic design procedures for marine loading/unloading

facilities for flammable liquid except for LNG, Ethylene, liquid sulphur and etc.
and should be used for the Front End Engineering or verification stage of the
project.

Basic design of marine loading/unloading facilities is closely related to Civil and

HSE engineering.

2.0 WORK PROCEDURE

2.1 Inputs to the Design

2.1.1 Data to be provided by The Client

1. Annual Shipment
Products handled and annual quantity
2. Lot Size of Loading/Unloading
Tanker size and/or lot size per product
3. Maximum berth occupancy time per shipment, if available
(Berthing/de-berthing time + Loading or unloading time)
4. Annual Berth Operation Time
— Annual operation days
— Daily operation hours
5. Ballast water disposal quantity
6. Required Utilities for tankers
7. Seasonal variations for each product, if available.

2.1.2 Process Conditions

1. Source of the data

The design data shall be obtained from, but is not limited to, the following
documents:
— Refinery Scheme including material balances for all operation cases.
— The design philosophy of the process units (hereinafter called as “on-
site”), product blenders, and marine loading/unloading facilities
— Process Flow Diagram (PFD): Refer to Note 1
— Basic Engineering Design Data (BEDD)
— Piping & Instrument Diagram (P&ID): Refer to Note below.
Note: This manual includes a definitive study to determine berth spot
arrangement. At this stage, Flow Schemes are not available.
 Page 3 of 51
KLM Technology
SPECIFICATION FOR MARINE
Group LOADING/UNLOADING
Rev: 01
FACILITIES
Project Engineering Standard
(PROJECT STANDARDS AND Sept 2012
SPECIFICATIONS)

2. Design basis
Maximum, normal and minimum flow rate and corresponding physical
properties should be used for designing loading pumps and
Loading/unloading facilities.

2.2 Output from Design

The process data to be prepared based on this manual should be as follows:

Name of Facilities Process Data

1. Berth Tanker size and number of berths
2. Loading/unloading facilities Number, types and size of loading/unloading
spots, and process conditions for loading
arms.
3. Interconnecting piping Number and size of piping and process
conditions
4. Loading Pump Pump data sheet
5. Measuring facilities Number and type of facilities, and process
conditions
6. Utility supply facilities Type and quality of utility and conditions of tie-
in with tankers and miscellaneous uses on
platform
7. ESD Systems ESV, Emergency Release Coupler, etc
8. Oily Sewer Systems Oily water drainage system
 Page 4 of 51
KLM Technology
SPECIFICATION FOR MARINE
Group LOADING/UNLOADING
Rev: 01
FACILITIES
Project Engineering Standard
(PROJECT STANDARDS AND Sept 2012
SPECIFICATIONS)

2.3 Work Steps

As a guideline the design of marine loading/unloading facilities should be

conducted according to the following work steps.

Annual Shipment By Client

By Process

Lot Size of Loading/ Unloading By Process & Other Discipline

By Client Discipline

Tanker Type & Size (To be discussed with The Client)

Tanker Type Distribution (To be confirmed with The Client)

Average Tanker Capacity

Annual Berth Occupancy Time for Average Tanker Capacity

Annual Berth Occupancy Time Annual Berth

Average Number of Operation Time
Queuing Tanker &
Average Queuing Time Estimation of
Average Berth Occupancy Ratio Number of Berths
Yes No

Detailed Study excluding Number of Berths

Spot Arrangement

Detailed Study including Spot Arrangement

Decision of Number of Berth & Spot Arrangement

Berth Type & Location

Loading Equipment Specification (Arm/ Hose) Vendor Quotation

Pre-determination of Loading Arm Layout

Hydraulic Calculation of Interconnection Piping

Metering System Design

Loading Pump Specification

Simple Piping Layout on Platform

Minimum Platform Length

 Page 5 of 51
KLM Technology
SPECIFICATION FOR MARINE
Group LOADING/UNLOADING
Rev: 01
FACILITIES
Project Engineering Standard
(PROJECT STANDARDS AND Sept 2012
SPECIFICATIONS)

Sizing & Plotting of Gang Way Fire Fighting Equipment, etc

Platform Sizing

Hydraulic Calculation Check for Interconnection Piping

Detailed Design of Berth Facilities

Fig. 2.3 Work Steps for Marine Loading/Unloading Facilities

3.0 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

The marine loading/unloading facilities are mainly composed of the followings:

1. Berth
Fixes tankers at a certain point to connect with the loading/unloading facilities
that are of a fixed type and include a specific mooring type.

2. Loading/Unloading Equipment
Connects loading/unloading piping with the tanker and shall compensate for
tanker movements.

3. Interconnecting Piping
Connects loading/unloading equipment and refinery/oil terminal pumps and
tanks.

4. Loading/Unloading Pumps
The loading pumps such as centrifugal or rotary types shall be provided.
However, pumps provided on the tanker are used for unloading, therefore, a
new pump for the unloading operation will not be necessary.

5. Measuring Facilities
Measures the volume of oil for the custody transfer of oil loaded or unloaded.
The following methods shall be used to measure the volume of oil loaded or
unloaded.
— Special flow meters such as PD meters or turbine meters should be used
when a higher accuracy is required. A flow meter shall also be used for
loading flow rate control.
— Tank level gauges on cargo tanks or shore tanks
 Page 6 of 51
KLM Technology
SPECIFICATION FOR MARINE
Group LOADING/UNLOADING
Rev: 01
FACILITIES
Project Engineering Standard
(PROJECT STANDARDS AND Sept 2012
SPECIFICATIONS)

6. Ballast Water Facilities

Ballast water is to stabilize the empty tanker by seawater. Therefore, the
necessity for ballast water facilities shall be confirmed with the Client.

7. Utility Supply Facilities

Piping systems in the berth area for supplying bunker fuel oil, potable water,
and other water necessary for tanker navigation and general uses shall be
necessary. However, there is a case that bunker fuel is supplied using a
supply boat. When a buoy mooring type berth is used, utilities are supplied
using small ships; therefore, utility supply facilities should not be necessary. A
utility supply facility to the small ships, such as tag boats, is considered, if
necessary.

8. ESD Systems
For safety isolation of the tanker and berthing facilities as well as for the
refinery and interconnecting piping.

4.0 SYSTEM DESIGN

4.1 Mooring Facility

4.1.1 Type of Berth

The type of berth can be classified into one of the following groups.
1. Fixed Type
a. Dolphin Type
b. Pier Type
2. Buoy Mooring
a. Single Point Mooring Type
b. Multi Buoy Mooring Type

On the basis of conditions for selecting a berth type, the type of a berth most
suitable for the job concerned should be selected by the project team members
and respective disciplines or a marine consultant. Table 4.1.1 below shows a
comparison between the fixed and floating types for reference.