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Communication Systems EE-351: Huma Ghafoor

The document discusses different types of modulation techniques including double sideband suppressed carrier modulation and its spectrum. It then describes the demodulation process of DSB-SC signals using coherent detection and recovering the baseband signal. It also discusses non-coherent demodulation and the Costas receiver for synchronizing the phase.

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33 views7 pages

Communication Systems EE-351: Huma Ghafoor

The document discusses different types of modulation techniques including double sideband suppressed carrier modulation and its spectrum. It then describes the demodulation process of DSB-SC signals using coherent detection and recovering the baseband signal. It also discusses non-coherent demodulation and the Costas receiver for synchronizing the phase.

Uploaded by

Knowledege World
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Communication Systems

EE-351
Huma Ghafoor
Double Sideband (DSB) Modulation:
𝑥 𝑡 = 𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡 cos(2𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡) 𝐹𝑚 𝐹𝑚
• There is no pure carrier component therefore, it is termed as double
sideband-suppressed carrier, DSB-SC.
𝑥 𝑡 = 𝑚 𝑡 × 𝐴𝑐 cos(2𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡)
𝐴𝑐 𝐴𝑐
𝑋 𝐹 =𝑀 𝐹 ∗ 𝛿 𝐹 − 𝐹𝑐 + 𝛿 𝐹 + 𝐹𝑐
2 2
𝐴𝑐 𝐴𝑐
𝑋 𝐹 = 𝑀 𝐹 − 𝐹𝑐 + 𝑀 𝐹 + 𝐹𝑐 X(F)
2 2
➢Spectrum of the DSB-SC signal

-𝑓𝑐 - 𝑓𝑚 -𝑓𝑐 + 𝑓𝑚 𝑓𝑐 -𝑓𝑚 𝑓𝑐 + 𝑓𝑚


Demodulation of DSB-SC signal:
• known as coherent detection or synchronous demodulation.
• Demodulation is carried out by multiplying modulated signal (i.e.,
incoming signal) with a coherently generated carrier cos(2𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡) at
the receiver.
𝑟 𝑡 = 𝑥 𝑡 . cos(2𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡)
= 𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡 cos 2𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡 × cos(2𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡)
= 𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (2𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡)
1 + cos(4𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡)
= 𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡
2
𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡 1
Baseband = + 𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡 cos(4𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡) centered at freq.
centered at F=0 2 2 2𝐹𝑐
Demodulation of DSB-SC signal:
𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡 1
𝑟(𝑡) = + 𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡 cos(4𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡)
2 2
1 𝐴𝑐 𝐴𝑐
𝑅 𝐹 = 𝐴𝑐 𝑀 𝐹 + 𝑀 𝐹 ∗ 𝛿 𝐹 − 2𝐹𝑐 + 𝛿 𝐹 + 2𝐹𝑐
2 4 4
1 𝐴𝑐 𝐴𝑐
= 𝐴𝑐 𝑀 𝐹 + 𝑀 𝐹 − 2𝐹𝑐 + 𝑀 𝐹 + 2𝐹𝑐
2 4 4
𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡
So, choosing LPF of suitable bandwidth 𝐹𝑚 ≤ 𝑊 ≤ 2𝐹𝑐 − 𝐹𝑚 ,
1 1 2
1 𝐴 𝑀 0
can be separated from 𝐴𝑐 m(t)cos(4𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡) 𝐴 𝑀 0
4 𝑐 2 𝑐
2
Coherent Detector (block diagram)

𝑥 𝑡 = 𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡 cos(2𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡) 1/2𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡

Incoming signal When φ = 0, i.e.,


phase of coherently baseband signal is recovered
generated carrier and
phase of carrier in
incoming signal are equal.
Non-coherent Demodulation:
𝑥 𝑡 × cos 2𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡 + 𝜑
= 𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡 cos(2𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡) × cos(2𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡 + 𝜑)
𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡 𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 + cos(4𝜋𝐹𝑐 𝑡 + 𝜑)
2 2
𝐴𝑐 𝑚 𝑡
When passes through LPF, gives 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑
2
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 is additional factor previously absent in coherent demodulation.
𝜑 is phase offset.
Costas Receiver
• Purpose is to synchronize phase of locally generated carrier with that
of incoming signal.
In-phase coherent detector

quadrature-phase coherent detector

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