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Simultaneous Equations

The document provides examples and rules for writing equations from word problems. It discusses using 'be' to represent equality, ratios represented by 'to' or a colon, and defining variables. It also works through some example word problems step-by-step.

Uploaded by

Thomas Chung
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
15 views

Simultaneous Equations

The document provides examples and rules for writing equations from word problems. It discusses using 'be' to represent equality, ratios represented by 'to' or a colon, and defining variables. It also works through some example word problems step-by-step.

Uploaded by

Thomas Chung
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Simultaneous Equations

Check your calculator program.


3x + y – 2 = 0
ቊ
x + 2y + 1 = 0

Key in (3, 1, – 2, 1, 2, 1) and see what answers you get.

If you get (1, – 1), then make sure your equations are in the form: ax + by + c = 0.

If you get (– 1, 1), then make sure your equations are in the form: ax + by = c .
Writing Equations

Rule 1: “be (is/am/are)” means “ = ”

Rule 2: For ratios, “to” or “:” means “divide (÷)”.

Rule 3: “Let” EITHER the number of something


OR the characteristic (e.g. price, weight, height etc.)
of something.
Writing Equations (Rule 1: “be” → “=”)
The total number of apples (a) and bananas (b) is 35.

→a + b = 35

The number of students (s) is twice the number of teachers (t).

→s = 2t

The number of books (b) is 20% more than that of magazines (m).

→ b = (1 + 20%)m
Problems with Calculation (1)
The total number of apples (a) and bananas (b) is 35. So what
should I key
into my
→a + b = 35 calculator?

The number of students (s) is twice the number of teachers (t).

→s = 2t 🤨
The number of books (b) is 20% more than that of magazines (m).

→ b = (1 + 20%)m
Problems with Calculation (1)
a = 3b

a – 3b = 0

1 –3 0

Now it’s your turn! 😄


Problems with Calculation (1)
The total number of apples (a) and bananas (b) is 35.

→a + b = 35

The number of students (s) is twice the number of teachers (t).

→s = 2t s – 2t = 0
The number of books (b) is 20% more than that of magazines (m).

→ b = (1 + 20%)m b = 1.2m b – 1.2m = 0


Writing Equations

Rule 1: “be (is/am/are)” means “ = ”

Rule 2: For ratios, “to” or “:” means “divide (÷)”.

Rule 3: “Let” EITHER the number of something


OR the characteristic (e.g. price, weight, height etc.)
of something.
Writing Equations (Rule 2: “to/:” → “÷”)
The ratio of male (m) students and female (f) students is 5 : 6 .

m 5
→ =
f 6

The ratio of full-time (f) to part-time (p) staff is 10 : 7 .

f 10
→ =
p 7

The ratio of hot (h) drinks and cold (c) drinks is 2 : 3 .

h 2
→ =
c 3
Problems with Calculation (2)
The ratio of male (m) students to female (f) students is 5 : 6 . So what
should I key
m 5 into my
→ =
f 6 calculator?

The ratio of full-time (f) to part-time (p) staff is 10 : 7 .

f 10
→ =
p 7 🤨
The ratio of hot (h) drinks to cold (c) drinks is 2 : 3 .

h 2
→ =
c 3
Rearranging “ratio” questions
⭐“Cross multiplication”

a 2
=
b 7
7a = 2b
7a – 2b = 0
Now it’s your turn! 😄
Calculation of “ratio” equations
The ratio of male (m) students to female (f) students is 5 : 6 .

m 5
→ =
f 6 6m = 5f 6m – 5f = 0
The ratio of full-time (f) to part-time (p) staff is 10 : 7 .

f 10
→ =
p 7 10p = 7f 10p – 7f = 0
The ratio of hot (h) drinks to cold (c) drinks is 2 : 3 .

h 2
→ =
c 3 3h = 2c 3h – 2c = 0
Writing Equations

Rule 1: “be (is/am/are)” means “ = ”

Rule 2: For ratios, “to” or “:” means “divide (÷)”.

Rule 3: “Let” EITHER the number of something


OR the characteristic (e.g. price, weight, height etc.)
of something.
Writing Equations (Rule 3: no. / cha.)
HKDSE 2017 Q.4
There are only two kinds of admission tickets for a theatre:
regular tickets and concessionary tickets. The prices of a regular
ticket and a concessionary ticket are $126 and $78 respectively.
On a certain day, the number of regular tickets sold is 5 times the
number of concessionary tickets sold and the sum of money for
the admission tickets sold is $50 976. Find the total number of
admission tickets sold on that day. (4 marks)
Let the number of regular tickets and concessionary tickets be r and c respectively.
r = 5c Solving, we have r = 360 and s = 72 .
{ 126r + 78c = 50 976 Total number = 360 + 72 = 432
Writing Equations (Rule 3: no. / cha.)
HKDSE 2016 Q.5
In a recreational club, there are 180 members and the number of
male members is 40% more than the number of female members.
Find the difference of the number of male members and the
number of female members. (4 marks)
Let the number of male members and the number of female members be m and f
respectively.

m + f = 180 Solving, we have m = 105 and f = 75 .


{ m = f × (1 + 40%) Difference = 105 – 75 = 30
→ m = 1.4f → m – 1.4f = 0
Writing Equations (Rule 3: no. / cha.)
HKDSE 2019 Q.7
In a playground, the ratio of the number of adults to the number
of children is 13 : 6 . If 9 adults and 24 children enter the
playground, then the ratio of the number of adults to the number
of children is 8 : 7 . Find the original number of adults in the
playground. (4 marks)
Let the original number of adults and children be a and c respectively.
a : c = 13 : 6 → =a 13
→ 6a = 13c → 6a – 13c = 0
{ c 6
(a + 9) : (c + 24) = 8 : 7 →
a+9 8
= → 7(a + 9) = 8(c + 24)
c + 24 7
→ 7a + 63 = 8c + 192 → 7a – 8c = 129 or 7a – 8c – 129 = 0
Solving, we have a = 39 and c = 18 . Original number of adults = 39 .

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