Unit

AKPER Book10
Fractures, Dislocations Sprains, and Strains
1. Listening Comprehension.

A. Listen to Dr. Johansson's lecture and fill the blanks with the appropriate words in the right
column!

Today we are going to discuss about how to care for fractures, hard
dislocations, sprains and strains. The four major types of (1) ……… that care
occur to bones, tendons, ligaments and (2) ………are fractures, movement
dislocations, (3) ……… and strains. Since these injuries are (4) ……… blood
tell a part, as person trained in first aid. You should (5) ……… for all of ankle
these as fractures. Before we go to signs and (6) ……… of them I will injuries
explain about the definition for those injuries first. Fractures are (7) muscles
………or cracks in bones. They are defined as either (8) ……… or (9) open
………Dislocation is an injury to a (10) ………and the ligaments symptoms
surrounding it. The ends of the bone are displaced, making (11) joint
………difficult and very painful. Sprains are stretched or torn tendons, breaks
ligaments and (12) ……… vessel around joints, often at the (13) ……… sprain
Strains are stretched or (14) ……… muscles, frequently in the back. closed
Strains are usually caused by lifting something improperly of lifting heavy
something too (15) ……… A person with serious back strain should torn
have medical attention before resuming activity.

B. Listen to the rest of the talk and decide if the following statements are correct or incorrect.
Write T for true and F for false statements. There are empty slots provided for you to correct all
the false statements.

Statement T/F Correction

1. The professor explains about the cause and
symptoms.
2. Swelling and bruising include in the symptoms
of fracture
3. The symptoms of dislocation are similar to
those of sprains.
4. The signs of sprain include pain at the joint
tenderness when touched.
5. Sharp pain, tenderness and possible swelling
are
6. included in the signs and symptoms of strains

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Unit 10
AKPER Book
2. Reading Comprehension

A. Read the text below and answer the questions!

First Aid for Fractures, Dislocations Sprains, and Strains

Sometimes it is difficult to tell whether an injury is fracture, dislocation, sprain, or strain. Since
you cannot be sure which of these a victim might have, always care for it as fracture. If EMS is on the
way, do not move the victim. Control any bleeding first. Care for shock, and monitor ABCs. If you are
going to transport the victim to a medical facility, follow the general rule: “When in doubt, splint”.
Splinting is a process of immobilizing a suspected fracture. Materials that can immobilize a
fractured bone and the joints above and bellow it can be used to splint. (Examples are rolled-up
newspapers, magazines, and pieces of wood.) Commercial splints are also available. The purpose of
splinting are; (1) to immobilize a possibly fractures part of the body, (2) To lessen pain, (3) To prevent
further damage to soft tissues, (4) To reduce the risk of serious bleeding, (5) To reduce the possibility of
loss of circulation in the injured part, and (6) To prevent closed fractures from becoming open fractures.
Moreover, when conducting splinting, you are required to consider the following important
principles; first, splint only if you can do it without causing more pain and discomfort to the victim.
Second, splint an injury in the position you find it. Third, apply the splint so that it immobilizes the
fractured bone and the joints above and below the fracture. Finally, do not forget to check circulation
before and after splinting. If there are no splinting supplies available, splint the broken part of the body
to another part. For example, a broken arm can be splinted to the chest.

Comprehension Questions
1. What procedures should you do if the EMS hadn't come yet?
2. How is splinting defined?
3. What kinds of materials can be used to splint?
4. What are the aims of splinting?
5. What will you do if there are no splinting supplies available?

B. Match the words in column A with its definition in column B.

NO A B
1. move a. connection between two bones
2. injury b. to make unable to move
3. immobilize c. to make less in size
4. joints d. possibility that something bad happen
5 prevent e. great discomfort or suffering
6 risk f. change place or position
7 reduce g. causing physical harm
8 pain h. to stop something happen

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C. Complete the paragraph using the words/ phrases provided

a. tight c. triangular e. fracture g. fold i. suspect

b. forearm d. soft f. pulse h. check j. support

To help someone to splint a closed forearm fracture we need to (1) …………… that the victim may have
a closed (2) …………… of the forearm. What you need to do for next is have the victim (3) ……………
fractured arm in front of body. Then (4) …………… radial pulse on fractured arm and place splint under
fractured (5) ……………. Have victim or bystander hold splint in place if possible. Place a (6)
…………… object in palm of victim's hand to keep hand in its natural position. Make a cravat out a (7)
…………… bandage: start at the point and (8) …………… toward the wider end. Thread 2 cravats
under splint, 1 above and the other below the fracture. Check radial (9) …………… and look at
fingertips to be sure cravats are not too (10) …………….

D. Number the pictures based on the completed paragraph

(...........) (...........)

(...........) (...........)

(...........) (...........)

(...........)

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Unit 10
AKPER Book

D. Read the sentences and find the meaning equivalence of the bold words/ phrases!

1. The doctors association conducted seminar on people suffering a. mengurangi

from dislocations.
2. Splint is used for helping a broken bone in position while it b. berubah
mends.
3. If you take a rest you can immobilize your broken leg. c. jelas
4. Trying some home remedies can lessen the pain of your arms . d. keretakan
5. In 2 years, that hospital has been transformed into an e. penderitaan
international hospital.
6. When a patient has an obvious head injury, the medical help f. kerusakan
has to check the possibility of injury in other parts of the body.
7. His wound isn’t serious, but it may cause some discomfort g. keseleo
8. Because of the car accident, she suffered brain damage. h. salah urat
9. The specialist doctor found a nasty crack on the patient’s head. i. mengistirahatkan
10. He got back strain when he tried to lift that heavy weight j. belat / papan penahan

3. Sentence Building

Complete the table with correct forms of words. Make a sentence using each of the underlined
words!

VERB ADJECTIVE NOUN

……………………………...... ……………………………...... ……………………………..…

…………………………….. ……………………………...... sign

……………………………... tender ……………………………......

circulate ……………………………...... ……………………………......

……………………………... ……………………………...... lose

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..........

2. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..........

3. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….........

4. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….........

5. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….........

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