NTERMEDIATE Pee TS re Weare 2cuil VesPERSPECTIVES INTERMEDIATE Daniel BARBER Lewis LANSFORD Amanda JEFFRIES Alison SMITH NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC LEARNING ted Kingdom » Und Sia PUBLISHINGPeeuurny SeeRerie ey Describing emotions Subject abject questions Suffixes:-ment,-ness, Talking about the present -lon Present simple, Present Continuous, Present perfect Adjectives ending in ed and ing Compound nouns Narrative forms: Past simple, Past continuous, Past perfect CO Rue i Past simple & Present perfect Present perfect simple & continuous BE describing food Future forms (1): wil, mayfmight, ‘be going to, Present continuous, Compound adjectives Present simple Future forms (2) Future continuous, Future perfect Describing work Vetb + ing / verb +10 Ways ofseeing Present & past modal verbs Modal verbs for deduction conditional The human body Zet0 & Permission & Second conditional possibility only sh Asking follow-up questions Asking for directions Video Functions A Asking for travel information (p. 148) Agreeing & dis Video Functions B Nanating an event (9.149) Talking about hopes & goals Video Functions Making predictions (p. 150) Talking about sil & personality Describing photos Video Functions D Advice atthe doctors (p.151)Rene ee nase Pronunciation Reading Why do people smile’ Listening Multiple matching is sons Neo / Listening Two explorers talking about Gitical Thinking theives Fretrcl uestons Present simple Two friends discussing a film Reading & Writing ees ee Speaking Talking about fms bru eorestny Present perfect ‘Writing Emphasis Wing Abookoefimrevew Pronunciation Reading Utewes He onthe edge ofacty Listening Completing tbs sound Thesoimd (a2 Listening Three journeys to school Gritical Thinking Selecting People ging decios irmatn a Speating Ecbininghow to getsomewhere Wing Teling 3a Present perfect Writing Astory Ooscrar sus Pronunciation Reading Can athletics protect Affica’s ions? Reading Topic sentences Ce eo oa Listening A podcast about a young climber Reading & Writing Friends discussing a controversial ‘Mediating (processing a text) Past simple & Present perfect sport issue ‘rng Gung acpi Speaking Discussing sports for your school Writing Anopinion essay Pronunciation Reading World food writing wail wort figaeg A pose ton Descriptive language People saying what they'd like Ooneararseus begoingto tochange “a Speaking Discussing future plans and hopes Writing A travel blog Pronunciation Reading Arealifecime‘ighting superpower! Reading The sounds /rv, ny eee tees Guessing meaning from context Ajob interview writing Speaking Summerjob interviews Recaeeene Writing Aetter of application icra seus Pronunciation Reading A world of cyboras Listening Stressed sylables Listening. A ato progamme about he, ‘Completing information human body Gtizenship Zero &Ftst conditional A description ofa photo Participation in local Second conditional Speaking Guessingapicturefromadescription Communities Writing Writing An article describing a person 2 Sie Planning an articlePeeuurny rs Menecuens ey Piero king toa Money & shopping The passive (all tenses) assistant Adverbs have/get something done Video Functions E Rell eipocl pronouns ny objets (p. 152) a ee er Ways of Reported statements & questions Showing understanding communicating Verb patterns with reporting Compounds of some, verbs Vues rane E eey, re een Showing sympathy (p. 153) Ee ee Ly Creative ans Questions tags Asking for recommendations Expressions with Defining & non-defining retative clauses Phrasal verbs about ‘Third conditional Expressing reasons time only & wish Expressions with time Video Functions G Apoloagising (0. 154) ‘Modal verbs: past speculation, deduction & regret a esac sana SEAT) E Describing objects Ua lsthasPei uh Pronunciation ‘The schwa sound /a/ The passive Pronunciation -ed endings on reporting verbs Pronunciation Sent letters Pronunciation Thesounds Ai, Third conditional Reading Nothing fora year Listening Alternative ways to shop Three conversations in shops ‘Speaking. Shopping role plays Writing An advert Reading An experiment in intercultural communication Listening Friends taking about an astronaut People complaining about something Speaking Complaining when something's wrong rmal email of complaint Writing Reading Making 2 splash Listening Friends ciscussing entertainment ‘famous museum ‘Speaking Discussing fecommendations for places ovst Describing and recommending aplace Writing Reading The clockmaker who changed the world Listening Older people giving advice Opinions about ‘the right age Speaking. Discussing pros and cons of fsues Writing A “for and against essay Grtica Thinking Reading between the lines. Wirting Adverts Onamnsous Reading Paracraph headings Critical Thinking Using diet speech ‘Speaking ‘Sympathetic intonation ‘Writing Using formal linkers Oo ses Social development Coping with fears and emotions Writing Paraaraphing Critical Thinking Reaching conclusions Writing Using discourse markers OovarascusWELCOME TO PERSPECTIVES What's Your Perspective? Perspectives gives you the opportunity to think critically and to develop the language skills you need to find your own voice in English. The carefully quided language lessons, real-world stories and TED Talks will motivate you to think creatively and communicate effectively. In Perspectives, you will develop: + AGLOBAL, OPEN MIND Every unit explores one idea from different perspectives. You will practise new langu in new ways @: ~ Tal ste oly tia you boy barmatesyouncte 7 while looking at the world scussion point introduces you to the topic ofthe unit ina motivating way + Consolidate, expand and practise your knowledge of vocabulary through a variety of activities TEDTALKS + After every two units, watch an authentic TED Talk and expand your perspective on global life issues + Activities guide you through the TEDTalkleadina you to the satisfaction of having understood real English in an up-to-date context AILTED Talks, videos, Grammar Video Maps and audio files are available on the FLIP BOOK and downloadable with the ELI LINK App on your phone. 6+ ACRITICALEYE ‘You will lear the critical thinking skills and strategies you need to evaluate new information and develop your opinions + Focus on Word Building items lke collocations, prefixes and suffixes, compound nouns to help you improve your Use of English + Authentic texts about issues that are relevant to teenagers + Regular strategies boxes help you to become a better learner + ACLEAR VOICE You will respond to the unit theme and express your own ideas confidently in English + Step-by-step activities with clear ‘models ead you towards greater competence in spoken and written English 304 resentation Sts Se eecoteueces ee Reqular Presentation Skills pages quide you through the process of preparing an oral presentation in English, helping 10 build your self-confidence in public speaking LOOK FOR ONLINE RESOURCES AT WWW.ELILASPIGAEDIZIONLIT 7CLASS DISCUSSION = What do you think the idiom at the top of the page means? + Do you havea similar saying in yourlanguage? + Do you tend to hidé your feelifigs and emotions or do you find it easy to show them? *» What are the pros and cons of these two different approaches? IN THIS UNIT YOU WILL > talk about et > discover theVOCABULARY Describing emotions @ Look at the photo and read the caption. In pairs, discuss the questions. 1. What emotions can you see on the people's faces in the collage? 2 What message do you think the artist was trying to communicate with this project? © Match the sentences (1-9) to the follow-up comments (a). I sometimes get scared when Fim at home on my own. You must be delighted - that's great news! tim feeling more relaxed now that i's Saturday. I got a bit confused at the start of the film. My brother isn't normally this nervous. Travelling to school on your own can be quite lonely. My parents started to dance. | was so embarrassed! Atthe moment m feeling quite stressed. Please don't be angry with me wevauaunas a C1 But twas great to see them having fun b Cl tts been a very busy week, so ce to have some time off. ¢ C1 Ive got so much work to do. d C1 Iwas only trying to help. e f 9 h C1 ifit’s the evening | put all the lights on and stay downstairs C. He's doing a presentation in class this afternoon, CO Lunderstood most oft, though. . But | usually use that time on the bus to finish my homework i Cl When did they tell you you'te in the team? © Complete the questions with an adjective in bold from Ex. 2. lf someone is late, do you feel ? Does reading make you feel 1 Have you ever been really with your exam results? 2 Are you of anything, like spiders, for example? 3 Doyou get if you cry in public? 4 Isitpossible to feel when you are with ots of people? 5 Doyou cet before qoing to the dentist or speaking in class? 6 When you'te feeling what do you do to relax? 7 Ae you ‘about the meaning of any new words today? 8 9 Reerewber! ‘Many adjectives are followed by specific dependent’ prepositions. When you learn a new adjective you should also ty to remember the preposition(s) ‘that can follow it. Ina monolingual dictionary you can find examples of sentences using the adjective and its prepostions). = MY PERSPECTIVE Cee ee uEt ease §— © Work in pairs. Ask and answer some of the questions in Ex. 3. Expand on and white photos made up a giant your answers and exchange more information. ee Pre ead A Areyou scared of anything, like spiders, for example? was created by the French artist, J. B Yes, lam. Actually, Idon't mind spiders, but! eally hate snakes. A Why dor 'tyou tke them? Unit 1 Intouch with your feelings 91A What happened? BEFORE YOU LISTEN Work in pairs. Look at the photo and discuss. 1 Whatdo you know about tigers? 2. How would you feel if you saw a tiger in the wild? LISTENING {GILOD Listen to two National Geographic explorers, ‘Matthew Luskin (1) and William Allard (2), describing, their work. Which explorer, 1 or 2, 1 started this job fifty years ago? _ 2 spent a year ina rainforest? __ 3 felt scared while he was working? __ 4 took, photo that helped someone? _ 5 had tomake some maps? _ LISTENING STRATEGIES Multiple matching When you listen and match (like in Ex. 2) + read the sentences or questions first. ‘listen carefully for things that express the same idea ina different way (for example, I started... 50 years ago= I've been a... for 30 years) + don't choose your answers too quickly: wait until each speaker has finished before deciding, amr Men ers ea * a. : Bi Listen again and complete the notes about the explorers. Matthew Luskin worries that (1) will become extinct spent time photographing places where the animals QQ says that some men hid in a tre for (3) days. felt so (4) that he couldn't sleep. helped National Park rangers to know which forests to 6 William Albert Allard was in Peru in (6) says acriver hit and killed a boy's (7) says the boy was worried about what his (@)—___ would say took a (9) of the boy. says that readers of National Geographic donated (10)$__to help the boy’ family PCa eos ee ne anh Russia and Thailand,Read the questions in Ex. 2 again. They are in the Past simple, but they don't use the auxiliary (did). Why not? Study the grammar box and underline three subject ‘questions. ‘How many readers donated money?’ ‘Alot ‘What did the readers donate?’ ‘Money.’ “Who worries about tigers?” Matthew Luskin” ‘What does Matthew Luskin worry about?’ Tigers.” ‘Whar killed the boy's sheep in Peru?” ‘4 car.’ ‘What did the driver do2" ‘He killed the boy's sheep > Grammar reference & practice p. 254 © Write a subject question (A) and an object question (B) for each answer. Use the Present or Past simple. 1A Who studied tigers in Indonesia? B What did Matthew Luskin study in Indonesia? — Matthew Luskin studied tigers in Indonesia 2A Who. B Why. +A man died because of tiger attack. 3A Who 2 Bina a af ~The National Park rangers ty to protect tigers 4.4 Who the boy? B Whodid ? * Wiliam Allard saw the Boy on a road in Peru 5 A What a a Some sheep died in a car accident. 6 |Read the dialogue and guess some of Alice's ‘questions. Then listen and check. Which are subject questions? ‘Alice Im feeling a bit bored. (1) to do an online quiz with me? I've found loads here. General knowledae? History? Science? Music? tim not fussed. OK Ler’s do Science. (2) the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 19622 Who knows? Can't we do something easier? Well, what about animals? (3) tigers live? That's easy India, Hmm, OK, that’s one ofthe countries CO} the fastest on land? (Oh. The tiger again? No, er, give up. Isnt there something a bit more light-hearted? ‘Alice There's ‘How well (5) your best fiend? We both have to answer and then it compares the results at the end. Brad Alice Brad Alice Brad Alice Brad Brad Yeah, that sounds more fun! Alice What type of (6) ‘the most on my playlists? What animal (7) me the most? (8). mea smart speaker for my birthday last year? Brad Hold on! You're making me nervous. Give me achance Talk! to answer! tmnonl ino give WRITING & SPEAKING bes Work in pairs. Write six questions on a topic of your choice (music, animals, famous people, sport, ..). Use a mix of subject and object questions. Then do your quiz with the class. ‘A Ourguizis on music. Who vote the song ‘Shallow’? B Ihaveno idea. ‘A What album aid Fedez and J-Axtelease in 2017? B Thatone'seasy!FMR YOUR nls it i Ae = “Cn a Say cheese” tn tngish-speaking Peseta aeveeer ore trae tie cto a ee tees ee with a smile’ is a common message for shop ee ee eee eee ep peek te coe ca ae ec c es that callers will notice if the phone operators aren't See eee eee = We've always known that smiling can express enjoyment, affection or friendliness, but we're Jeaming more and more about facial expressions, and realising that their effect on our relationships is moze powerful than that. We know that smiling helps us WORD BUILDING Suffixes: -ment, -ness, -ion We can make nouns from adjectives by adding suffixes. adjective noun embarra arrassm friendly friendliness jepressed depression @ Read the Word Building box and make nouns from these adjectives. Use a dictionary if necessary. T onerous 4 disappointed 7. confused 2 sad s py 8 lonely 3 excited 6 exhausted © Complete the sentences with a noun or an adjective from Ex.1 1 Many people say buy but | think ithelps 2 felt quite at summer camp. It was my first time away from home and | didn’t know anyone. 3 had to sing on my own in the show. I felt 0 at | couldn't sleep 4 Simon worked hard at his exams. He didn't want to be a to his parents, 5 There was alot of. teacher said the sch email said Thursday. in the clas. The inesday but the ol trip was on We 12. Unit? Intouch with your feelings 15 connect with other people in social situations and get ‘out of arguments and embarrassing situations, know from studies that smiling regularly may even, increase the chances of living longer. In fact, its such, an important part of being human that we start it very 22 young. You probably started smiling to show your happiness when you were just a few weeks old, but you've known how to smile for even longer. Unborn babies get used to moving their facial muscles by smiling, 2 in the same way they practise kicking using their leg, muscles, And we aren't the only animals that smile to communicate happiness ~ chimpanzees do it, too, suggesting that smiling existed before we did! READING © Work in groups. Discuss the questions. 1 Do you think smiling really is a good way to feel better? 2. Who do you thi people, women or men? What kind of thi miles more, younger or older Why? jou smile? Read the article quickly. Choose the best subtitle. 1 How our bodies affect our emotions 2. The secret power of smiling 3 Smiling exp notions © (LD Now read and listen to the article more carefully. Are the sentences true (T) or fase (F)? 1 Some workers are taught to smile when they speak to people who can't ee the 2 People who smile a lat might live longer than others. 3. Other animals smile for the same reasons hurr oo 00 4 You could stop a disagreement by smi 5 Eating chocolate has a more powerful effect on our emotions than smiling Oo 6 The writer of the article thinks that it's wrong to smile if we do not feel happy. OoHave you ever been in this situation: you are angry »» with a friend but you cant stay angry because they're smiling at you? This is because smiles pass from person to person, and it’s hard not to smile back. We actually Jose some control of our own facial muscles when sve look at someone smiling at us. When this happens, 2 we automatically copy their expression, andl smiling Fike them may actually help us understand their emotions beter. Being happy makes us smile, of course. But smiling also makes us happy. Scientists can take pictures ‘© of the brain to see what happens when a person is happy. They see the sime effect when the person Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. 1 Look at the pairs of photos (ac). Which smiles do you think a genuine? Which smiles do you think are fake? of situati do people pretend to smile at recognizing genuine and fake smiles? CRITICAL THINKING Rhetorical questions Rhetorical questions ae used to make a point, but a reply isnot expected, They are often used to + tell readers what information they can expect tor + emphasize a point + make a suggestion de. adersrelate the text to their own experi @ Competences Work in pairs. Read the Critical Thinking box and discuss the questions. 1 Lookat the tile of the article and list al the reasons the writer gives for why people smile 2 Why isita good idea to havea qi 3 There are three more qu them. Match the qu the Critical Thinking box. 4. White a question to include inthe artic other two func for one of the ons, smiles, whether they're really happy or not. So a smile isn’t usta sign to others: it is also a message to ur brain telling it to feel happy. One study showed ‘that a smile can have the same positive effect on the brain as eating 2,000 bars of chocolate! So, even if you're feeling depressed, a fake smile can make all the difference. If you know someone who's always: smiling, pethaps they're using it 10 control their ‘9 emotions. Why not control your emotions the same way? If you sometimes fee! sad, worried or angry, try smiling, You might feel better © Read about the Pan Am smile’. Then lookat the photos again. Can you find the fake smiles more easily? Whats the Pan Am smile? he Pan Am smiles nam with Pan Am, an er the fight attendants Id American airline hey were famous for their friendly customer service and for always smiling at the passengers. Everyone knew that these smiles weren't genuine, but they were an expression of friendliness and had a positive effect o the passengers. n smiles because there ate mar situations where showing unhappiness would be ru Smiling has the important social function of keeping people happy. Weall use Pan A Buthow can you tell the difference between a genuine smile and a fake smile? In the nineteenth cer French scientist Guillaume Duchenne noticed that we Use two sets of facial muscles to smile: the muscles around the mouth and t Pan Am spot the ones isto look at the eyes Unit 1 In touch w zelings 13 th you1C A breath of fresh air GRAMMAR Talking about the present Study the grammar box and match each example (a-g) to rule below. Eres ‘a We've always known that smiling is good for you. People are expressing their emotions more frely than inthe past. ‘¢ Most people belfeve that emotions are important. d Research shows that animals express emotions too. ‘© Are you smiling at the moment? Jims always laughing at people, but notin a nice way. 1g My friend Carl often tells us jokes during the break. nt 1 Weuse the Present simple: + to describe habits and routines, often with adverbs of frequency like sometimes, usually. Example _ + to express things that are always or generally true, ike scientific facts Example __ + with staive verbs like enjoy believe, know, agree. Example __ 2 We use the Present continuous: + to talk about actions happening in this period or at the time of speaking. Example _ + to talk about situation that are changing, Example _ + with always, to express a frequent activity that other people may find initating. Example __ 3 We use the Present perfect: + to describe actions that started in the past and continue to the present. Example _ > Grammar reference & practice p. 254 Choose the correct option to complete the text Beating the stress (1) Are you feeling / Have you felt stressed at the moment? Perhaps i's because you (2) are always sitting / have always sat in front of @ computer screen these days. So wht should you da? You could be the sort of person who (3) is usually reading / usually reads a book, for instance, or (4) plays /has played video games for relaxation. Or pethaps you (5) are believing /believe that the answer to everyday stress is more time outside, surrounded by nature. (6) Are you enjoying / Do you enjoy getting away from cities, cars and ‘computers and heading into the mountains? Well i's true that we (7) need /are needing time off work to telax, though it (8) becomes /is becoming more and more difficult to get away. But people (9) enjoy /have enjoyed forests, parks, lakes and rivers for thousands of years, soi life (10) becomes has become too much to cope with recently, think about taking a break in the countryside or a walkin the park, even if it's just for an hour or two, Scat@ Read about the effect nature can have on our brains. ‘Complete the text with the best form of the verbs: Present simple, Present continuous or Present perfect. group of 22 students (1) _ (take) a break from their everyday lives at the University of Utah at the moment. Normally, they (2)__ (st) in front of their computer screens studying psychology, but this week they (3). (camp) with Professor David Streyer in the mountains of Utah. Streyer (4) (Goend) many years studying the effect of nature on ‘our brains, We (5) __ (know) about the benefits of nature ‘on the body for many years, but now we can see what nature (6) ___(do) tothe brain. Our stress levels (7) —____ drop) just by looking at photos of scenes from nature, Many people (8) (think) that little by little, technology (9)____(destray) ‘our lives, but Streyer (10). (believe) that after Just wo or three days away from modem fe, we can star to think differently and more healthily. @ Read about healing forests in South Korea. A verb form is wrong in each sentence. Identify and correct it 1 Nature is being very important in Korean culture for hundreds of years. 2. But Koreans work very long hours, and stress levels among workers and students go up in recent years. 3 The government has believed that the answer can be found in ‘healing forests places of natural beauty where people go to relax, to reconnect with nature and torest 4 Currently there have been 37 healing forests in Korea, and they are becoming very popular. 5 People are often going there to walk, learn about plants, do yoga or just relax under the trees READING & WRITING STRATEGIES Error correction Error conection (See Ex. 4) helps you be more autonomous and have better awareness ofthe language. The type of errors usually indicated soit is easier to focus con what the mistake might be. For example, with tenses you can look for key words or time expressions that give you clues to the correct verb form, You can also learn from your own mistakes. When your teacher cortects your work, note the mistakes you make most often, then pay particular attention to those areas next time you write, SPEAKING ‘© Work in groups. Discuss the questions. 1. What ate the advantages of doing outdoor activities? 2 What outdoor activities are popular with young people at the moment? Which do you do? 3 What other activities can you think of to beat stress? COLLABORATION Q Work in small groups. You are going to d for an outdoor activity centre in your area / country. First, discuss ideas using these questions to help you. ‘+ What type of activity centre is it? + Whereisit located? + Whois itaimed at? + Whatkind of activities are there? ‘+ What can people do / learn / see there? + What facilites are there? + How long has it been open? «Is there an entrance fee or sit free of charge? Now you are ready to design your leaflet. ‘You should include: + some photos or pictures + some text to describe the centre and activities, + some useful information such as the address, website, cost, opening times ete.1D Would you recommend it? SPEAKING & LISTENING Talking about films @ Work in pairs. Discuss the © Work out the meaning of the words in bold by looking at the context in questions, these sentences. Then match each sentence toa film genre from Ex. 1 + Which ofthese film types do you 1 I don't think anyone could survivein spa like best? Which don't you lke? special effects were amazing!_ why? 2 The first film was so frightening, there's no way Im going to watch the sequel acomedy amusical 3 thas a great soundtrack but some of the actors can't sing very wel adrama a sci-fifilm 4 its an emotional story about a group of soldiers during the Second World ahorror film _ 3 thr The cast is amazing — Tom Hanks and Matt Damon are init. , 5 It’s gota really exciting plot. The ending was a complete surprise!_ + Canyouthinkofarecent 6 There were one or two scenes that were so funny that | cried example of afl for each type’ with laughtes © GHA Listen to two friends talking about a film. Choose the correct options. FFunctons Name of film: The Way We Were /The Way Way Back Starring; Steve Carell/ Steve Collette te: 2003/2013 Im: animation / comedy Release pe of | ‘Asking follow-up questions a Oho'sin in: @ hotel /a water park b D1 Whatelsehashe/shebeen in? Plot: An unhappy teenager / father goes on holiday with his family and ¢ Dhihats the acting ite? makes new fiends dD When did it come out? Recommended? Yes/No e D Sowhat's it about? [411.04] Listen again. Tick (/) the follow-up questions in the Functions box £ Dhar sort of film ist that you hear. 9 Di Who dectedt? © Match the questions you heard in Ex. 4to these answers about a different h D1 Where ts it ser? film. Do you know the film? 4 D)Woutd you recommend it? It’s. a scifi fl. I's the first in a series of four. __ 2 twas released in 2012. _ 3. She played one of the main characters in X-Men: Apocalypse. _ 4 ‘Ittells the story ofa young woman who fights for her lfein 2 competition, _ 5 Ina country of the furure called Panem. —_ it stars Jennifer Lawrence. _ Q Work in pairs. Student A: Tell Student 8 about film you've seen. Student B: Ask follow-up questions to find out more. awn Open-air cinema in the castle courtyard, ee ee aaa World Map, p. 182 SCa snaWRITING A book or film review @ Look at the expressions in the Useful Language box. Are they used to talk about books (8), films (F) or both (B/F)? © Read the book review and find: + introductory sentences that give basic information abou * a short description of the plot. + the writer's opinion and emotional response to it. * sentence that tells the reader to watch or read it (or not). 1e book. Breathe is Sarah Crossan’s second novel, written in 2012. The main characters are three teenagers with different abilities. Its set in a terrible future, a world with very little oxygen, so most of the animals and humans are dead. The thtee fiends have to leave the safety oftheir city to find a mysterious place called The Grove. What | really loved was the plot, which is full ofaction and mystery. Itis an exciting book, and I couldn't put it down {also really liked the way the story is told by the three main characters, Alina, Bea and Quinn, who all have different qualities. This means you get to see the same events in different ways. One thing that lets the book down is the sudden change in Alina’s personality. Halfway through the novel she becomes kinder and more loving, but I didn't understand why, | would certainly recommend Breathe. Wh its vision ofthe future. makes it really worth reading is © Read the review again. List the book's good points and the reviewer's criticisms. © Competences Do the Writing Strategies task on the right. Then complete these sentences so that they are true for the film you talked about in Ex. 6. 1 One thing that! loved about the fim was 2. What found disappointing was 3 What mace me really think was @ Now choose a book or film that you know. Write a review. Include all the points from Ex. 8 and some expressions from the Useful Language box. ‘© Read other students’ reviews. Which books or films would you read/see? Talking about films and books frstars tessetin (rtels the storyof... /tt’s about frwas directed by feos eleased in frcome out in (twas published in The main cha s The soundtrack was ama: The special effects were a bit disappointing The sequelis as. good. on better /not fsa moving /inspiring / great / exciting /funny story (id definitely recommend I couldn't put t down Itmade me feel Unfortunately, thought it was WRITING STRATEGIES Emphasis ‘a Read the sentences. Which sentence emphasises the way the person feels about the plot more? 1 really loved the plot. 2 What | really loved was the plot b Find three more sentences in the review that add emphasis.éé Travel is the only thing you buy that makes you richer. 97 (Anonymous) CLASS DISCUSSION + What does the quote mean to you? * What are the benefits of travel? + Would you like to travel more in your life? Why and where? + Are there other things we buy that can make us richer? > talk about getting around learn about how to live and travel cheaply 18 read about an unusual hobby > writea story about a journey you have madeStudents in Colombia crossing Cece ar) Ce eer rn > World Map, p. 182 VOCABULARY Travel @ Look at the photo and read the caption, then discuss the questions in pairs. 1. Would you like to go to school like this? Why do you think the children don't have a safer way of travelling? 2 How do you get to school? f getting around can you think of? Make a lis. ftransp + isthe cheapest + isthe fastest + isthe most relaxing? + isthe most stressful? + lets you see the most? © Complete the sentences with these pairs of words. cruise + excursion commute + lift expedition + voyage flight + destination ride + route trip + backpacking 1. My mum and dad 10 work ti __to school. 2 _RY5608 = that isn’t our number. It's flying to the same butit’sa different ai by car, so they normally give mea 3 Some passengerson ti ut we went on the that th 4 Wehad an amazing I'm glad we were _ and re ofthe country that way yesterday, I tooka different get bored going the sare way all the time. 6 The to the Antarctic lasted a year. After a difficult month-long see the scientists started their research, © Delete the item in each list that does not collocate with the verb(s) 1 catch/miss my bus, my train, mycar 2 get home, lost, school, from A to B 3 geton/off the bus, the car, the tran, the plane 4 gettoknow —thecity, your way around, a trip 5 getto work, home, school 6 gofor a trip, a bike ride, a drive 7 goon a fight, a journey, travel, a trip, an expedition, a cruise 8 take a taxi, an hour, two kilometres, public transport DIGITAL SKILLS Go online and find out the difference in meaning between travel, trip and journey. Then discuss with the class. + What search terms or key words did you use? + Which website did you find most useful Was the explanation in English or in your own language? Did you find examples of the words in a context Did your classmates use the same site? © Complete the sentences so they are true for you. 1. My journey to school takes 2 The best way for visitors to get to know my city is by take public transport | prefer to travel by ... because long journey | went on was to Il could take a fight a choose ... as my destination, waw Unit2 & oy the ide 192A Getting from A to B BEFORE YOU LISTEN @ Answer the questions in pairs. 1 What's the most common way for students to travel to your school? 2 How long isthe average journey? 3 Doyou think it’s the same for students in the rest of the country? LISTENING © (41105) Listen to descriptions of three journeys to school. Complete the table. Name |Where |How |Time/ | What theylive [they | distance | they do travel |they — | onthe travel_| way 2Chosing | Leh, in the Himalayas 3 Daisy Mora LISTENING STRATEGIES Completing tables When you have to listen and fill n a tabl + study the table first. This way you can often quess the kind of information that is needed, for example, a date, a price, or a method of transport + don't write full sentences: one or two words are usually enough, © GUID Listen again. Who (Santiago, Chosing or Daisy): travels the furthest? doesn't take long to get to school? stays at school fora lang time? gets up early to get to school on time? has a dangerous journey? will have an easier journey to school soon? ouauNns GRAMMAR Adjectives ending in -ed and -ing © Study the grammar box and underline the six adjectives. Which three adjectives describe the journeys? Which three describe how the people feel? ‘Adjectives ending in a You might think your journey to school takes ages, but Santiago Mutioz has one of the most tring school commutes in the world... He’ excited about having ‘more time to spend with frends and getting more sleep! bb Theydon't talk much, but itis never boring, Irtakes them six days and atthe end they are exhausted, «¢ Forsome students lving along the Rio Negro, thelr Journey to schoo! is absolutely terfyng .. Daisy is frightened, she doesn't show it! 7] © Choose the correct option to complete the rules. Some adjectives are made from verbs. 1 Adjectives that describe how a person feels end in -ing/-ed 2 Adjectives that deseribe the thing that makes you fee! an emotion end in -ing /-ed. > Grammar reference & practice p. 256 ‘Santiago (Ex. 2) has to ‘ross most of his city to get to school every day.@ Match the-ed adjectives (1-10) to their meanings (2). Then complete the -ing adjectives. -ed adjective __| meaning ing adjective 1 amazed e ‘amazing 2 exhausted 3 annoyed 4 disappointed 5 excited 6 shocked 7 worried & confused 9 amused 10 relaxed surprised ifsomething bad that happens suddenly b iitated and a litle angry about something € unhappy because something was not as good as you hoped or because something did nat happen thinking about bad things that might happen very surprised feeling happy and comfortable, without worries 9 unable to think clearly about or understand something h very tired i. feeling very happy and enthusiastic J when something is funny or entertaining Oiaitarsnius Go on the website of your local transport system and find an altemative route from your house to your school. How many times do you have to change transport? SPEAKING Choose the correct option. Then work in pairs and tell your partner about experiences you have had using some of the situations 1-8. 11a destination you were looking forward to seeing but you found a bit disappointed / disappointing when you got there Iwas excited about a schoo! trip to the History ‘Museum, but it was really boring. Everyone was really disappointed. 2 atime when you were surprised / surprising by a destination or trip 3-day when you did so much walking that you were absolutely exhausted /exhausting at the end 4 the longest and most bored / boring journey you've ever been on 5 ajourney when you were very worried /wonrying that you wouldn't get to the destination 6 an annoyed annoying delay on public transport that you really didn't need 7 the most relaxed / relaxing form of transport or journey you've experienced 8 an expedition that you'd be very excited / exciting togoon Work in groups. Share your stories from Ex. 7. Whose ‘experiences have been the most: + exciting? + boring? + annoying? + surprising? + disappointing?WORD BUILDING Compound nouns Compound nouns consist of more than one word. They ‘an be formed by using noun + noun, adjective + noun, or verb + noun, They can be written as one word or two words with a space ora hyphen. You should use a dictionary to check the correct spelling Match words in column A to words in column Band make compound nouns related to cities. a B 1 sight a OD site 2 awalking b O station 3 anunderground ¢ (1 transport 4 ashopping @ Oi seeing 5 abuilding e OC centre 6 public ¢ O tour 7 urban gO tracks 8 railway h OD top 9 asky 1D park 10 roof iG exploration 4 anamusement =k C1 scraper 12 aview 1 O point 22. Unit2 Enjoy the ride srcronal Listen and check your answers to Ex. 1. Which word is usually stressed in compound nouns: the first or the second? Which of the compound nouns in Ex. 1 are: 1 things visitors might do, use or visit? 2 buildings? 3 places the public don't normally go? READING You are going to read an article about urban explorers (urbexers). Write three questions about urbexers you Would like to know the answers to. Then read the article to check if your questions are answered © (911.08) Gl Read and listen to the article again. Choose the correct option. 1 Why does the article begin by talking about options for tourists? AA They are good examples of urban exploration. B They are very different from the activities that urban explorers do. The writer wants to recommend some ways of exploring cites. D The writer wants to criticise how tourists visit a city.How do you get to know a city you've never been to hefore? For most people, the typical tourist options are enough, Take a bus tour to see the sights of, if you're feeling energetic, consider a walking tour. To get a taste of city life, use public transport. But there are people who want more than the standard tourist options. They are terbexers — urban explorers, They're interested in discovering parts of the city we normally see as less beautiful, the places Tourists are not supposed to see: ghost underground stations that have been closed for years, shopping centres and amusement parks at night, abandoned factories, building sites, tunnels and railway tracks. I's not for everybody. You can’t be scared of heights or small spaces and you have to be willing t6 take risks. Bradley Garrett is one of them, Urbexers don't follow: the same routes ax everyone else: ‘Tve been to Paris six times and L've seen more of the city underground than T have above ground,’ he says, ‘If somebody asked me for a good restaurant, Td have no idea.” It wasn't until Bradley and his urbexer friends had limbed to the top of London's tallest skyscraper, ‘The Shard, andl had managed! to visit all of the c fourteen abandoned underground stations that the police stopped them exploring as a group. Bradley ‘was studying urbexers for a book he was writing, when they had to stop. 2 The places that urban explorers visit are AA always underground. B not used any more. C not usually attractive to many people. D always in industrial areas 3 Bradley Garett ‘A knows Paris very well B doesn't lke high places. € doesn't like French food D wouldn't be a very good guide for traditional tourists. 4 What was Bradley Garret’ trip to the top of the Legacy Tower like? A easy B lonely C well-planned D frightening 5 What does Zhao Yang do? ‘A He investigates abandoned factories. B He explores with friends. C He keeps his experiences a secret D He never takes any photographs. 6 How does the article end? ‘A By describing more activities that urban explorers do. B By recommending other ways of exploring cities. Byexplaining the health benefits of urban exploration. D By telling urbexers how to avoid breaking the law. Bradley's best experience as an urbexer was in Chicago with friends when they climbed the Legicy Tower, a 72storey skyscraper. ‘We were sitting on a rooftop looking up at this building when someone suggested we try to get up it. So we walked in and just got in the lift after some residents had opened the door. When we made it up to the roof, it was the most incredible view T've ever seen Why do urbexers do i? Many enjoy the excitement Of putting themselves in danger. Some enjoy the fecting they get from being alone in abandoned places. ‘I feel 'm the only person in the world,’ says Zhao Yang, a Chinese 29-year-old who explores places where people used to work, like old industsal sites and abandoned hospitals. Like many urbexers, Zhao is a keen photographer who takes his smartphone to record what he sees and, like many, he also writes a blog about his experiences, but he prefers 10 explore alone. This can be dangerous, of course, and urbexers run ‘many risks and often break the law. So if you'te interested in exploring city spaces, choose a safe way of doing it. For example, i's easy 10 look at a map, identify an area that is new (© you and go there Another way isto try to get lost in your own town, Or you could just set off for a walk without planning, your route. Who knows what you might find! ‘World Map, p. 182 CRITICAL THINKING Selecting information If they are writing about something that is unfamiliar to a lot of people, writers have to think about the kind of information that will interest their readers © Competences Read the Critical Thinking box. Which ‘questions does the aticle answer about urbexers and urban exploration? 1. Does urban exploration happen all over the world? 2 How long have people been exploring in this way? 3 How many people do it? 4 {fl want to explore my local urban area, what can | do? 5 Is the word ‘urbexer in the dictionary? 66 What are some of the stories that urbexers have? 7 8 9 Why is urban exploration attractive to some people? What kind of places do urbexers visit? What personal qualities do urbexers need? SPEAKING @ Work in groups. Discuss the questions. 1. What other information would you like to see in the article? 2. Where could you find out the answers to the questions that weren't answered? Unit 2 Enjoy the ride 232C Sydney on $20 GRAMMAR Narrative forms rua @ Choose the correct option to complete the sentences in the grammar box. Then check your answers in the text on the previous page. > World Map, p. 182 ( cz z [WE WAP ] ‘a Itwasn‘t until Bradley and his friends had climbed / were climbing to the top of The Shard and used to manage / had managed to visit all ofthe city’s abandoned underground stations that the police stopped / were stopping them exploring as aqroup. bb Bradley studied / was studying urbexers for a book he wrote / was writing when they had to stop. ‘¢ ‘Wehad sat /were sitting on a rooftop when someone suggested /used to “suggest we try to get up the Legacy Tower. So we walked / were walking in and just had got / got inthe lift after some residents had opened / were opening the door. 4 Zhao Yang explores places where people were working /used to work, like old industrial sites and abandoned hospitals @ Read the sentences in the grammar box and complete these rules with Past simple, Past continuous, Past perfec or used to. When we tell stories or tak about actions or e sin the past: 1 weuse the to describe an action or event that was in progress when another action happened. The two actions are often linked with when, while or as. We also use fe background information. It is not used with stative verbs (know, love, etc). 2 we usually use the 10 describe completed actions in the past. factions happen one after another, we use this tense. 3 weuse the 10 show that one action finished before another action happened. The actions are often connected with after, before and already, 4 we usually use routines that were true in the past but are nat true any more, © Becky Khalil was a freegan in Sydney, Australia, Read the text quickly and find out what a freegan is. Then read again and choose the correct option. 1(1) used to think /was thinking that Australia was a really expensive place, and the first time I(2) went /had gone there, l worked to pay for my living expenses. But while | (3) had stayed / was staying in Australia last time, | (4) found /used to find another way to live. (5) used touse/had already used my working visa on my fist trip, so couldn't get a job ths time. To make things worse, someone (6) was stealing /had stolen all my money during @ train journey. So (7) became /had become a freegan. That's person who ries to travel without paying for food, transport or accommodation. Before, 1(8) used to buy /was buying too much food and threw a lot of it away, but this time (9) had eaten /ate leftover food from friends and shops, lke day-old bread. | (10) didn't spend /hadn't spent anything on accommodation, less than $100 on travel and less than $20 on food for si weeks! 2 (GixBcrronunciarion‘Complete the rest of Becky's story with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. ‘Most of the time, friends of mine (1). (let) me sleep on their sofas, but before my tip | Q (contact) a company that organizes ‘house-sitting' jobs, so | sornetimes looked after houses when the owners were on holiday. To save money on bus fares, |(3) (get) lifts with people | knew, and while | (4) (travel) around the country, | usually decided to camp. Once | ‘went to sleep under the stars because (5) (be) too tired to put my tent up. Finding cheap or free food was much easier than (© ___expect) it tobe. Even in winter, lenjoyed it because | (7) (ive) with other freegans and we (8) (become) friends and helped each other. At the end of each day, shops gave us anything they (9) (not sell) Believe it or not, we (10) (cat) extremely welll ‘Complete the sentences in your own words. Then work in pairs and compare your sentences, 1 Before this lesson I didn't know 2. When Iwas younger, lused to 3 Thelasttime... was when 4 | didn't spend any money when CRITICAL THINKING Read the quotes about freegans then discuss the pros and cons of this lifestyle | think freegans are just people who want to exploit the kindness of others and take, take, take! “4 Freegans have a way of if that helps the ‘environment and reduces waste. | think that's great! @ Read the dialogue and underline two examples each of the Past continuous, Past simple and Past perfect. Then answer the questions below. Liam Have you changed the screensaver on your mobile, Marta? | haven't seen that photo before. Yes, | changed it yesterday. It's me and my brotherin Edinburgh last year while we were waiting for Dad outside the castle | didn’t know that you'd been to Scotland. When did you go? Last September, School hadn't started yet So! was free, and my brother was moving to Edinburgh to study atthe university. Did you have a good time? Welll didn’t really want to go at frst to be honest, but actually it was a great trip. The university was really interesting, and we went on 2 fantastic walking tour to find out all about the film Trainspotting. Sounds amazing] love that film. Marta Liam Marta Liam, Marta Liam 11 What photo does Marta have as her phone screensaver? 2 Why did she go to Scotland and who did she go with? ‘3. What did she like best about her trip? WRITING & SPEAKING Write notes about a trip or journey you have taken that ‘was memorable in some way. Use these questions to help you plan what you are going to say. ‘+ Where did you go and how did you travel? ‘+ When did you make the trip and who did you go with? ‘+ What memorable things happened? What were you doing when they happened? ‘+ How did you feel about the journey in general? Work in pairs. Tell each other about your trip. Ask questions to find out more about your partner’ trip. ni Enjoy2D You can’t miss it SPEAKING & LISTENING Do you know the way? @Q Work in pairs. Discuss the © [41.27 Listen to two conversations. Complete the table, questions. Conversation 1_| Conversation 2 1 How do you find your way when. —— ? youre lost? 1 Do the speakers know each other 2. Have you everused a map, 2 Where do they want to get to? satray or app to help you, or do 3 How are they travelling? you prefer to ask someone? 4 How faris i? 5 What will they do if they get lost? ae © £41707) Look at the map and listen again. Match a letter from the map with each of these places. 11 where the first conversation takes place__ 3 thecinema__ 2 the Science Museum __ 4 Melanie's house _ © (81157) Use one word to complete the expressions. Listen again to check. 1 Canyou me? tim trying to to the museum 2 Its quite along from here. About fifteen minutes’ 3 Goup Northway Street for about five minutes you get to the supermarket on your left. Then take the second "on the right. 4 Youcant___it 5 Can you give me to your house? 6 Soif the station's you, you'll need to turn right 7 Atthe of the street youll see a cinema in front of you. 8 on up Northway Street until you get toa supermarket on your right. Just after _there’sa street on the left Asking for directions Excuse me. Do you know the way o...? Giving directions Goall the way up there until you get to At the trac lights, go straight (on /tu right. After 200 metres, take the fst turning on the lft. Gopasta....onyour left/right The tain station ison your lft Talking about time and distance Is not very far from here {ts no more than a kilometre from there. © Work in pairs. Ask for and give directions between places on the map. Use the expressions in the Functions box to help you. © Now work in groups. Give directions to each other from school to destinations around town, Listen and say what you think the destinations are. 26 Unit2 Enjoy the rideWRITING A story @ Work in pairs. Read the writing task below. Then tell your partner about a time when you got lost. ite a story that ends with the sentence: Aer so many hours feeling completely lost, | had ended up just where I needed to be! © Read the story and put the paragraphs (A-D) in the correct order. Use the Writing Strategies box to help you. F-— Unfortunately, no one spoke English at the bus station and the destinations were written in Thai, so didn't understand anything, Eventually, n old man pointed to a bus that was just about to leave. I got on the bus. He drove fast. When he stopped, | saw a boat. A sign sald Koh Tao fery’. After so many hours feeling completely ost, | had ended up just where I needed to be! Thiee years ago | went to Thailand, | wanted to visita beautiful island, My | cousin had just returned from an island called Koh Tao, and told me I could catch a bus and a boat there N During the long journey, looked out ofthe window. | was just falling asleep hen the driver shouted ‘Koh Tao!’ Igot aut and looked around. I couldn't When you write a story, plan your see the sea, just a quiet road. A man on a motorbike came over. Koh Tao” paragraphs in this way asked. He just pointed to is bike. | didn't have any choice. |goton the bike. | paragraph 1:Set the scene Where does the story start? © Read the story again and find examples of the narrative tenses that you revised in this unit (Past simple, Past continuous and Past perfect). Who is the story about? the story take plac © You are going to write a story about a journey or trip that ends with Paragraphs 2 and 3: Main events | ‘one of these three sentences. Choose your ending. What happened? + That was one of the worst trips of my life. How did you + [hadn't expected to have such an exciting joumey. What happened next? + Getting to school had never been so complicated Paraigtaph 4: THe eh ‘@ Competences Read the Writing Strategies box and prepare to write yourstory. | What happened in the end? 1 Use the questions in the Writing Strategies box to help you make notes, How da you or other people feel about the details of your story. Whi 2. Think about the verb forms you will need to tell the story. theeevenns u remember most abou ¥, ©) Write your story. When you have finished, share it with other people Tees i: Be Ocoee rear eee tee World Map, p.182 Vice ana ere1&2 Consolidation & Certification Grammar revision present & past tenses; subject & object questions; adjectives (ed /~ing) Vocabulary revision describing emotions; travel suffixes ent, ness and fan); compound nouns VOCABULARY & WORD BUILDING GRAMMAR @ Complete the sentences with the correct form of the ‘© Complete the second sentence so that it has the same word in capitals. meaning as the first. 1 Julian was very when his pet 1 found the talk on urban explorers very interesting hamster died, ‘SADNESS Iwas, inthe talk on urban explorers. 2 Often as people get older they suffer from 2 It was the group's first time in the city so they got lost. LONELY ‘The group got lost because they. 3. Smiling isan expression of, FRIEND visited the city before, 4 The athlete did his best but setin 3. Flying was once only for the rich. after 20km of the race and he had to give up. Flying used ‘only for the rich. EXHAUSTED 4 Ii’sagessince we hada holiday abroad. 5 The students were really. when they We a holiday abroad for ages. found out the destination for their school trip. 5 When | read a map [feel confused because | always rely EXCITEMENT ‘on a satnav for directions. 6 There was a lot of, about who Reading a map is for me because was going to give the opening speech atthe awards | always rely on a satnav for directions ceremony. CONFUSED. © Choose the correct alternative. © Bi choose the correct option. 1 Thisis the frst time | have flown /fly so 'm feeling a litle nervous DiscoverEU 2 ‘Who watched / did watch the Avengers mavie last ‘Are you looking foran (1) ____opportunity to night? id!" discover Europe and your EU identity? DiscoverEUis an initiative from the European Union which gives around 30,000 travel passes to young Europeans each year. ‘Over two thousand passes were available for Italian students in 2019, allowing them free (2) froma minimum of one day to a maximum of 30 days, mainly by train. The @) you can choose are limitless as Yyou have freedom of movement within the EU member states and can get on and (4)__ trains whenever ‘and wherever you want Its the ideal chance to (5)___ to know different cultures and lifestyle, as 3. Mark missed the bus so when he arrived at school, lessons had /have already started 4 Thereisa lot of traffic in the momings because so many people are commuting /commute to work by car 5 ‘Which platform does our train leave /our train leaves from? ‘Platform 9, over there’ 6 We never went/had never been to the villa before and the views were amazed / amazing. 7 |.am believing / believe that electric cars are not cheap enough so people don't want to buy them, well as to make new friend, Go (6)__ in a capital 8 Itdidn'train / wasn't raining when | left for school city, go.0n a guided (7) of a museum, admire this morning, but now itis pouring / pours. the scenery from a panoramic @) fon the top of a mountain. And after your (9) you should recount your (10)_experiences and adventures ‘on social media using #DiscoverEU. 1 Aexcitement Bexcited —Cexcite. —-Decting 2 Atrio Brravel voyage journey 3 Atransport destinations C fights commute 4 off Bout Cup Dthrough 5 Ahave — Bbe go Dget 6 Aexploration B visit Caightseeing D tour 7 Atip Brour Cjoumey — Dride 8 Asight —_Bviewpoint C perspective D prospect 9 Atrvel — Benise Crip Dvoyage JO Aamazing amazement Camazed — Damaze 2B Units 1&2 Consolidation & CertificationLISTENING LA Listen to the presentation of a tourist tation in Derbyshire, England. Complete the notes with words or a number. ~~ Tie Heights of Abraham Location Matlock Bath, Derbyshire Travelling by car Car parks located near the station and in the(I)__of the village Travelling by train Distance from train station only @ metres Price Family ticket (3) £ a Ticket includes + (4) ride to reach the hilltop park + Access toall the whole park - ‘= Multimedia exhibition of two caverns Opening times Daily from 10am. to (6) Facilities + Restaurant and café, serving meals, (7), and drinks ‘= Two children’s adventure playgrounds REAL ENGLISH © Bcomplete each text with the correct option. 1 SCARED OF FLYING? A Theadvert promises help FRIGHTENED OF SPIDERS? with strong emotions. ‘Trnned expert wsesthe latest techniques to remove all your B Leia youifyou | juraniphotiee deny beck ae guarantee i unsuccessful © You have to pay in advance. 11-80-1111 {or information B_ Markis texting Kim to fica time and place to meet. ‘me the directions again? C_ Kim has already sent the pea a taal rid 3 map app on my phone. directions to Matk once Seen Mark is lost and wants Kim to send directions. pki, se you at sic lamed, bt can you send 3 A. The website aives A information on diferent Going backpacking around foims of ransportin Europe. | Ewopeby rain? Hereyou can B The website can help eee people organise aholidayin | ety atsratroae different European countries C On the website you can read about backpackers’ world travel experiences. EX You will hear some sentences. Choose the best reply to each one. 1 A B iG A B c A B a A B c A B c {im sorry, 'm not from here. Go past the church and turn left it’s next to the bank Hike eycling Im not fussed It’s too far. It was about two hours long, Idi ke | don't want to spoil it for you. He's been to the USA too. Ican't remember. He's been there for five days. It was quite shocking, Itwas about along train journey. Thadn't seen it before. Units 182 Consolidation & Certification 29tS Ee ATLANTIC INA ‘An intrepid Frenchman, Jean- Jacques Savin, has completed an epic solo journey across the Atlantic Ocean. Of course, many + adventurers have crossed the Atlantic alone by sailing boat, rowing boat or other forms of transport in the past: so what makes Savin's trip so amazing? 1» Well, he was in a barrel-shaped* capsule with no engine or other form of power, relying entirely on the ocean currents and winds to» swimming below him. He hada Savin, aged 72, has always been take him safely across satellite connection, powered by an adventurer. He had already solar panels, so he could use a crossed the Atlantic alone four » (1)___For example, one day GPS device to check his position, times before this 12-day voyage 9 cargo ship didn’t respond to the weather forecast and wind of 4,500 km from the Canary his radio signals and it almost, speeds. (3)___ This is how his Islands to the Caribbean island Collided with him. He used a flare* team on land could keep him of St. Eustatius. (5)___The view er ncaa ei Uc informed about what people of the ocean, the emotions and 22 changed direction just in time. were saying about him in the ss feelings were unique. @)__ hundreds of messages on social eae So what about the feeling of ‘The bright orange barrel, about solitude? Did he ever feel lonely? 3 metres by 2 metres, was very Savin spent most of his time He insists that the time actually simple insinentinia Deu, reading, writing about his passed very quickly and that he x kitchen area for preparing food experiences and playing his never felt lonely. In fact, he says and lots of space for keeping food mandolin. But what about food? —_—_that moments of solitude are and necessary equipment. There. (4) __He also often got new food necessary because they help him was a window in the floor so Savin” suppiies from passing ships. to stay young and fit could watch the fish which were 5 ban ahped nese one in esr Mg AIR outnneowe — area sounentpaducing ash gh READING (© DIDI read the text and choose the correct sentence (A-G) to complete each space. ‘There are two extra sentences. A And he was also able to make calls and send emails. B He plans to publish a book about his experience. C Another time the waves were so fierce and big thatthe barrel nearly turned over in the water. D Well he sometimes swam and caught fish so he had something fresh to eat E When he woke up, he made a big breakfast. F During his adventure, there were several frightening moments. G However, he says that this experience was completely different from the previous ones, 30. Units 1&2 Consolidation & Certification1&2 Presentation Skills VISUAL AIDS Using slides to illustrate a talk @ Discuss the questions in pairs. 1. What types of visual aids can you use during a presentation or talk? 2 Why are visual aids useful? 3 Isitimportant to think carefully about how many visual aids you use? What about when and how you use them? 8 Read and listen to part of a talk by Stephen about a personal achievement. Which statement (A, B, Cor D) istrue? 44 ws nara to find the words to explain how | felt when | got the emai telling me had passed my Mandarin exam. | had finally reached the goal | had set myself three years before. remember the day before the exam well, My dad took me for a long walk in the mountains. He said that the fresh air and fantastic scenery would help clear my mind. Ke didn't want me to study on the last day, ar spend that day feeling worried and anxious, We had a great time and | woke up full of energy and confidence on the morning of the exam. My hard work and determination certainly contributed to my success, but | have to thank my dad too, for his advice on the top of the ‘mountain that day. think he was even more pleased with the result than | was! J COMPETENCES Slides can be a valid addition to a presentation, but remember that they are an ‘entra: what you savis the most important thing Slides + limit the amount of text and don't read directly from the slide + present the information step-by-step. You don't want the audience to read the slide instead of listening to you. + usea simple design, and limit special effects which may interfere with your message. Slides with images: ‘A. Stephen doesn't get on well wth his dad. B_ Stephen and his dad are both experienced mountain climbers. Stephen managed to reach a personal objective after three years’ hard work. D_ Stephen's dad wanted him to do the Mandarin exam. © Read the Competences box. Then look at the slides below and discuss the ‘questions with the class: 1 Doyou think any of these slides would be appropriate in Stephen's talk? 2. Which one(s)? Give reasons for your answers. YOUR TALK text: ‘© When you use slides, you can introduce them with certain expressions, Complete expressions ‘1-4 below with the words in the box. can have illustrates show 1 Here we an example of... 2 The next slide 3 Asyou___seehere, 4 These graphs © Work in pairs. Prepare two or three slides for a presentation on one of the following topics. Compare your ideas with the rest ofthe class. + books and films teenagers would find enjoyable + the pros and cons of social media for young people +public transport in your town ‘+ unusual places to visit in your area + Depending on the topic, you could use your own photographs. + If you use images from the Intemet, look for something original, not clichés. On pages 3233 you will watch a TED Talk. When you watch the talk, pay attention to how the speaker uses slides and how much information is presented on them Units 182 Presentation Skils 31TEDTALKS Happy maps «é lf you think that adventure is dangerous, try routine. It's deadly. 77 DANIELE QUERCIA ABOUT THE SPEAKER Read about the TED Talk speaker, Daniele Quercia. Does he think the fastest route from A to Bis always the best? isa cient ‘out efficiency, and quickly a work used to togo ange all that onal isinterest inenjoying en two places, He and his team the quickest route| cowdsource pers of the jel has used the formation fon mapping app that happy path to your destnato ‘cent, but there a 2 more interesting and memorable ifferent route car KEY WORDS Match the words in bold in the text to the meanings. a in cities and towns b ability to use time and energy well to get a < vay from ‘oanother 4 format any people, usually using the Internet e software that shows maps 32 Units 182 TE AUTHENTIC LISTENING SKILLS | abroad or list you tra ‘o people on TV and the internet, you will har foreign and regional accents. sh. ItS helpful to practise listening to different tS SO you can enjoy listen «the world (GULT Listen to the beginning of the TED Talk, first said by a native English speaker and then by Daniele Quercia, a native Italian speaker. Compare the pronunciation of the underlined sounds. to make engineer, GEELIZ How do you say these sentences? Listen to Daniele and a native speaker to compare. 1 [lived in Boston and worked in Cambridge. 2. |teamed up with Luca and Rossano. 3 They also now some paths smelled and sounded, MY PERSPECTIVE Which of these statements do you agree with? Why? ys ty to sound like native 1 Leamers should ab of English 2 Sometimes easier to understand oth sh than native spe ntin Eng o be proud oft ish is an important part oWATCH THE TALK What do you usually see on your journey to school? What can you hear? What can you smell? (CB watch Part 1 of the talk. Answer the questions. 1 What journey helped Daniele see that travel isnt just about efficiency? [A Moving from Boston to Barcelona B Abicycle race he took part in C His commute to work, 2. How was the new route diferent from the old one? A It went along Massachusetts Avenue. B Ithad less traffic twas shorter and quicker. 3. What does Daniele say about mapping apps: ‘A They encourage people to explore mor B They give too many choices about the route C They are very similar to computer games. (CB watch Part 2. choose the correct option. 1 Daniele studied how pe the ity 2 The red path on the map is the shortest/ mast enjoyable one. experience /get around 3. They collected data by asking people to playa game/ take test. 4 The first map that they designed was of Boston /London. 5. Now, their research isin developing maps based on smell, sound and memories / sights. 6 Their goal sto encourage people to take the best path / ‘many paths through the city. Work in groups. Discuss the questions. 1 Daniele's London map shaws routes that are short, happy, beautiful and quiet. Which kind of route would you prefer to use to get around your city? Why? 2 Why might these people be interested in using this kind of mapping app? Give reasons for each one. +a tourist spending a week in a new city + a courier who delivers letters and parcels quickly for companies by bicy = astudent + ataxidriver 3 Would you like to have this mapping app on your smartphone? Why? / Why not? Workin pairs. Look at a map of your town, or a city that you know well. Plan two one-hour walking routes for the city. + Route 1. This must include as many beautiful sights and interesting places as possible + Route 2. This must include the places most likely to interest teenagers who are visitng the cit Work in groups. Compare your routes and discuss the questions. + Which of the tours would you enjoy most ifyou were a tourist? Why? + What other types of (quided) tours could you offer in the town or city? Units 182 TEDTak 3344 Walking is the best possible exercise. 99 (Thomas Jefferson, 1743-1826, third President of the United States) CLASS DISCUSSION "+ What are the benefits of walking as a form of exercise? += Do you agree that itis the best possible exercise? += Do you think you walka lot or not enough? IN THIS UNIT YOU WILL > talk about the reasons for doing sport > learn about runners 34 > read about how athletics is saving Africa's lions > write an opinion essay about sportVOCABULARY Sports - @ Work in pairs. Look at the photo and read the caption. Discuss the questions. 1 Why do people do sports lke this? 2 Have you ever done an ‘extreme sport” Would you lke to try one? Why? / Why not? © Put these words into the correct category. Use a dictionary if necessary. Then work in pairs and add more words to each category. bounce catch dablag coach court diving aymnastics karate kick net ‘opponent pitch referee rink rope sailing spectator the 100-metresprint throw track Sports People Places Equipment | Actions dimbing © Write five sentences about sports using the words in Ex. 2. In tennis, you have to hit the ball to your opponent's side of the court. © Write a verb from the box next to each set of possible collocations. achieve beat do encourage go play represent score tain win. Bike base jumping in Canyonlands National Park, Utah. > World Map, p. 182 a prize /a trophy / the gold medal limbing / sailing / cycling ‘golf / tennis /an important role ‘aymnastics / yoga / your best people to work asa team / children to exercise more for the event / before the race / hard your goal / your personal best / your ambition your school / your country / the team goal /ten points 10 your opponent / the champion worvauawna © Work in pairs. Read the statements (1-6). Which sport or sports could the statements be about? 1 The pitch is where I meet all my friends. And Ifeel proud when I'm representing my club in matches and tournaments. 2 Being out in my boat gives me a real sense of freedom. It's always played an important role in my life. 3 When I'm up a mountain it’s about pushing my own limits, not winning trophies or breaking records. 4 Im doing it to raise money fora children’s charity. 've been training for months, but Ive still got a long way to go! 5 Iwant to encourage the younger players to have some fun on the court. 6 Tobe honest, | don't enjoy it much ~ its quite boring lonly do it to keep fit. MY PERSPECTIVE © Do you do any sports for the reasons in bold in Ex. 5? What other reasons. canyou think of for doing sport? @EvEx PRONUNCIATION /av//ou! Unit3 Activelives 35Pushing the limits BEFORE YOU LISTEN @ Look at the photos of a young climber, Ashima Shiraishi, and read the caption on page 37. What do you think the V scale measures? LISTENING © (81) Listen to a podcast about Ashima. Answer the questions. 1 Why doe 2. Whathas she a enjoy climbing? © LD Listen again. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)? How do you know? 1 Ashima started climbing when she was a teenager. 1 2st /ays uses ropes when she climbs. a 3 She has climbed in several countre including Japan and South Affica a 4 Sheis the only female athlete to successfully dimb a V14 probler a 5 She isthe youngest person to successfully dmb a V15 problem a 6 She recently had an accident, butt hasn't stopped her climbing, 1 36 Unit3 Active lives GRAMMAR Pa © Read the sentences about Ashim: Which one uses the Past simple? simple & Present perfect the grammar box. VIDEO MAP a Ashima has travelled to many countries in her if b In 2014, she went to South Affica and completed the ‘Golden Shadow’ problem. ‘Ashima’s loved climbing since she was sx. ‘She's just achieved an even more ama She has recovered from her falland again © Match the sentences (a-e) in the grammar box to the rules (1-5). Past simple Pa 0 tak about: 1 C1 completed actions in the past. The time is often stated (last week, yest day, in 2017) Present perfect We use the Present perfect to talk about 2D actions which started in the past and co the present. We often use fo long the action has continued, inue to and since to say’ ow 30 ions in the past which are connected toa present situation en the ex 4 LZ past experiences, meisn't stated and when a time expression is connected to the (until naw, never, in my lt) 5 C1 recent actions when the exact time isnt stated. We often use just to emphasize that it happen@ Choose the correct options to complete the text. Speed climbing isa race against the clock. Climbing as a sport (1) was /has been around for along time, but -ompetition 5 ) became/ has become popular onlya few years ago, Competitors try to climb a fifteen-metre wall s quickly as they can, When they ch the top they must hit a bu sd dimbing tton to stop the clack en the sport (3) started /has started, climber (4) used /have used walls with different heights a holds but, since 20 5) were /have been exactly the same. The men’s world record holder is Dany Boldyrev, who (6) broke /has broken the record with @ time of 5.6 se titive climbing (7) wasn't / hasn't been in the 2016, Olympic Games, but the organisers of the Games (8) accepted have accepted it asa sport for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics and it (9) was /has been an Olympic spo ince. @ Use the prompts to make sentences in the Present perfect or Past simple. 1 We/not have / a PE lesson / yesterday 2 I/never /lke / watching / football fon TV. 3 The athletes /just/ finish / warming up. 4 Simona /see//a tennis match / earlier this week 5 The coach/ not be / at / our last training session. 6 You/ /be / in a school sports team? > World Map, p. 182 © Put the verbs in the correct form of the Past simple or Present perfect to complete the mini-dialogues. 1A (you / play) tennis re B No, (injure) my arm in March, a (not / play) any sport since then. A That's shame. When | (ee) you in the competition last year, yo (be) really good. 2A What sports (you / do) when you were younger? 8 ferent ones — football, volleyball, swimmin: I (always / love) sport. ‘A Sowhat do you do now? 8 ((/Just / start) mou hat's my latest interest 3A (you / ever / win) a medal or trophy? BY. a times. | (play) baseball since 2020, and my team is quite good ‘A Wow! didn't know that an (you / ever / do) karate B_ No, butI'd love to. A friend (uit last year, and (enjoy) it ‘A I's not something that (ever/ interest) me. SPEAKING © Work in pairs. Talk about your own experiences of sport. Use the questions in Ex.8 as a starting point for your conversations. Unit3 Activelives 37WORD BUILDING Phrasal verbs © Underline the phrasal verb and circle its synonym, 1 More an oft 2. Ifyou dan want to articipate now, you c watch, and join in another time. Even professional athletes warm up before running, Our bodies need time to prepat 4 On Sunday, Ghana take on Wi challenge them fo p tennis in 20 an just ause at the gym on Sundays. © complete the questions with the correct form of a phrasal verb from Ex. 1 1 Doyou like to sports, or do you prefer to be a spectator? Why? 2. Has your team ever a better team? 3 ifyoucould what would you 4 What sports have you 5 What's the be 6 Do you ever go to.a gym to t way 10 © Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in Ex. 2 3B Unit3 Active lives READING © Skim the article to get an idea of the general meaning. Why were the Maasai Olympics started? (© 12D Now read and listen to the article. Complete paragraphs (1-6) with the topic sentences (a-f). A topic sentence summarizes the main idea of the agraph ofthe para icsentenc Ch re usually the first sentence a The Aftican Wildlife Foundation got together with. Maasai leaders to come up with The Games are nat just for the male population, howev © One of Africa's most famous sow more than ever imals needs protection, d Maasai tribes have been hunting lions as trophies for und €@ Have the Maasai Oympic Games been a successh way to actually help conservation efforts in Keny. Tanzania Preparations for the next edition of the Games have been heating up, and everyone involved is getting ely excitedIn the 1940s there were an estimated 450,000 lions across Africa, but since then numbers have decreased dramatically, to around 20,000 today. Reasons include a loss of habitat as the human + population has growa, and the trade in lion body parts, However, another threat to the lions may soon be a thing of the past. In Maasai culture, killing lions has been an important tradition amongst the men vw because it shows their physical strength and skill, The ‘Maasai also hunt lions when the lions kill their cows. Unfortunately, this has brought the lion population to dangerously low levels. Conservationists have believed for some time that the number of lion 1s killings can be reduced without destroying the Maasai culture. But how? ‘The idea was to replace lion hunting ‘with a sports event. The Maasai Olympics were om, and mentyatias, or villages, from across the 2» region were invited to join in. Since 2012 they have held three Maasai Olympics. Young men take part in six running, throwing and jumping events, which all reflect Maasai culture, For example, the javelin competition is similar to the traditional skill of throwing a spear*, and the high jump is similar to Maasai dancing, © Diread again and choose the correct option (A-D). 1 Why have lion populations become smaller? ‘A The animals have less space. B There are a number of reasons. C The Maasai hunt them too much. D The real reasons are unknown. 2. Hunting A isthe biggest danger to the lions. B is done by Maasai men for sport. C is part of Maasai culture and tradition, D isonly done as a form of protection. 3. Allthe events in the Maasai Olympics AK involve throwing, B ae lke traditional Maasai activities, € are different in each village. D were invented by the Maasai leaders. 4 Why are women involved in the competition? [A The men wanted them to take part B The women asked to compete They are equally important as men in the Maasai culture D They an help in the goal of reducing lion hunting, 5 The Maasai Olympics ‘A are changing the way many Maasai think. B have stopped the Maasai hunting lions. C are less interesting to the Maasai than killing ions D are now the most important Maasai celebration. Including women in the events is very important because the women can influence the men’s behaviour. If the women are more aware of +» lion conservation, they can discourage the men from. hunting. At the 2014 Games, there were two running events for women and the winners received the same prizes as the men. ‘The coaches in each manyatia have 35 already chosen their athletes for the team, and, they are training hard. The competitors take their preparation very seriously. Every day they warm up. before exercising in groups. Although the final is over a year away, the Games have already started, as © manyattas take on one another in friendly meetings before the main event, percent of the people asked haven't even heard of the 45 Maasai Olympics, the majority of them say that the Games have made them less interested in killing lions. And even though trophy hunting still goes on, they see sports as an effective alternative, As one of the athletes said, We used to celebrate lion hunting but @ this programme has shown us a better celebration’ spear alan pied kor READING & WRITING STRATEGIES Mediating (processing a text) ‘Asummary contains key information from the original text, but doesn't give unnecessary detail When you write a summary, assume that you are writing it for someone who has not read the original text First ead and understand the tex, then: + underline key words in each paragraph + form new sentences using your key words. Don't copy large chunks of the original text. + connect the sentences using linking words (and, bu, 50, however.) + check you have included all the important information, Don't add any extra information @ Competences Read the Reading & Writing Strategies box and follow the steps to write a summary (about 120 words) of the article. Start your summary like this, ifyou wish, COLLABORATION © Work in small groups and read your summaries, Are there things you could improve in your own summary? Unit3 Activelives 39i eae > World Map, p. 182 3C Marathon men and women GRAMMAR Present perfect simple & continuous @ Study the grammar box. Underline examples of the Present perfect simple and circle the Present perfect continuous. How do we form the Present perfect continuous? ‘a Maasai tribes have been hunting lions as trophies for centuries. b One competitor in this year’s marathon has won over 25 races. © Has Jill been running? She looks exhausted! They have already chosen the athletes forthe eam. Kewennber Weedon't notmaly use stative verbs for example ite, know, © Read the examples in the grammar box again and believe, want} with continuous complete the rules with the correct options. tenses. ‘We use the Present perfect to talk about things where there isa connection between the present and past. ‘We use the simple / continuous form when the facusis on a completed action We prefer the simple / continuous form to emphasise the duration of an action, whether ithas finished or not > Grammar reference & practice p. 258 © Read the news article and choose the correct options. Use the Present perfect continuous where both forms are possible. More than 2,000 years have (1) passed /been passing since the first marathon. You've probably (2) heard / been hearing about the Greek soldier who ran miles tothe city of Athens to announce the defeat ofthe Persians in 490 BC, but the appeal of long-distance running has never (3) diminished / been diminishing. Many cities around the world have (4) held / been holding marathons for years, and the iconic city of Rome is no exception. Today, we've (6) come /been coming to the Eternal City o find out about next week's marathon, Here in Rome, athietes have (6) trained / been training hard for months. We asked one, John, what he has (7) done /been doing to prepare for the event. ‘Well’ he says, ' haven't (8) been /been being in the city for long, but since | arrived I've (9) run / been running around the route three times to get an idea of the road conditions. I've (10) had /been having a bit of rouble with some of the ancient roads: they/re made of stones called “sanpietrini" and make running difficult, but fs so beautiful that | don't minal! This morning, "ve (11) tried / been trying to prepare myself mentally forthe big day. So, does John think he has a chance of winning the marathon next Sunday? ve always (12] wanted / been wanting to ty the Rome marathon, but | certainly don't expect to win. For me the experience of running past the Colosseum in a «group of 15,000 is enough © Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first. 11 Rachel does judo. Last week she won her fifth competition. Rachel five judo competitions so far. 2 Julie fs hot and out of breath. She was doing exercises in the gym. Julie inthe gym. 3 |was painting my bedroom all morning and | still haven't finished. |___ my bedroom since fist thing this morning, 4 | met my bestfriend at primary school and we're stl friends now. \ my bestfriend since | was at primary school© Complete the questions about Catherine Ndereba. |Complete the dialogue using the time expressions in the box. Then listen and check. RUNNER PROFILE already ever for(e) just never since yet a —— CATH 3 RI | 3 Matt — Hi Denise, What's up? | don't think I've. — = —S_- seen you look so worried PP) AN aera dese ds anv aig Ne @) one any lessons lke that. Matt It doesn’t matter. There's always the fist time Denise But | haven't done any sport (4) __ ages Heel really unfit Matt What about at school? I mean, haven't you had PE this term? We've been playing volleyball Denise No, they\ve been repairing the gym roof so haven't had any lessons (5) ___January. Matt Oh, forgot about that. So haven't they finished the repairs (6) _? Denise No, not yet../m really nervous about being the only new student in the class, too. Matt Been there, done that! Ive changed swimming clubs loads of times.’ used to being the newbie! Denise Well rm not!| really want to change my mind and cancel my subscription, but ve 7) —____paid Matt — Illbe fine, trust me! sure there'll be other new students. Denise Fingers crossed! The teacher's been running these courses (8) over ten years so that must bbe a good sign Talk th Whats Many people believe that Catherine Ndereba, 1d (Catherine the Great, is the greatest female een tere marathon runner ever. Firges 1 how long / Catherine / run? SPEAKING ‘She started when she was just a gid. @ Work in pairs. interview each other about sports and 2 she / always /love running? hobbies that you enjoy. Use the questions below and Yes, she has had a passion for it since she was any others you can think of. at school. 3 how many marathons / she / win? Alot! She won the Boston Marathon four times between 2000 and 2005. 4 she/ win / any Olympic medals? Yes. She's never won gold, but she came second in the marathon in 2004 and 2008. 1 Whats one hobby or sport you enjoy? 2. How long have you been doing it? 3 Have you taken partin any competitions? 4 Have you been training for any competitions recently? 5 What are the secrets to doing your sport/hobby well? 5 what / she /do/ recently? WRITING Since retiring in 2014, she’s been helping to train young Kenyan runners. © Choose ONE of the writing tasks below. 6 how far /she /run / this week? 1 Write about your sport or hobby for a class blog. Use Only about 50km = much less than when she the questions from Ex.7 to give you ideas. ‘was competing. 2. Find out about a sportsperson you admire and write a short profile bout them, a3D School sports WRITING An opinion essay @ Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. ‘+ How many hours a week do you do sport at school? + Is sport compulsory for secondary school students in your country? + Would you ike to do more or less sport at school? Why? eT Giving your opinion Personally, | think that... strongly believe that. do not think that Ofcourse, There sno question that... would say that. Iestruethat... Inmy opinion / view, WRITING STRATEGIES Giving an opinion When you write an opinion essay, divide it into three parts ‘An introduction: + introduce the topic, describing the situation and cleanly stating your opinion. ‘Arguments for & against: + giveat least two points that support your opinion. + giveone or two points against your opinion Aconclusi + summarise the main points and reiterate your opinion. 42 Unit 3 Active lives @ Read the statement below. Do you agree or disagree? Write two reasons to support your opinion, and one argument against it. “Sport should be a compulsory subject at school, with the same importance as ‘other subjects like maths and Englis © A student has written an opinion essay about the statement in Ex. 2. Read the essay, then discuss the questions in pairs. ‘1 What reasons does the writer give to support the argument? Underline them. 2. What arguments does the writer give with the opposite view? Circle them, 3. What do the expressions in bold mean? Be careful: some are fase friends! 4 Which point do you agree with the most / the least? j00d Firstly @ Read the statements. What do you think? Use the Useful Language box and make notes about your opinions on two or three of the statements. "The government should stop people doing dangerous sports like boxing 2 There are more disadvantages than advantages for a country when it holds international sporting events like the Olympic Games.” 3 “There are good reasons why some professional sportspeople make more money than doctors, teachers and nurses’ 4 ‘itis better to encourage children to practise sports that are not competitive (for example, yoga) than competitive sports 5 ‘Young people often see professional sportspeople as heroes, Some people think that they have a responsibility tobe good role models’ © Work in groups. Compare your opinions about the statements in Ex. 4. © Competences Read the Writing Strategies box. Then use your notes to write ‘an essay about one of the statements in Ex. 4. Link your ideas using some of the expressions in bold from the model essay in Ex. 3. @ Read another student's essay. Is their opinion clear? Do you agree with it?SPEAKING & LISTENING Agreeing & disagreeing © GIi.16) Listen to a conversation between three friends. Which of the statements from Ex. 4 are they discussing? Agreeing {totaly agree with you oe Listen again. Which of the expressionsin the Functions box do you hear? Tick (). That's a good point. He's right about tha. He's got a good point. © Work in pairs. Read about a national competition. Which three sports would you like to win equipment and facilities for at your school? Why? = ‘not wrong these. n not sure lagre. Maybe, but tagree up o.a point, but {see what you're saying, but (understand what you mean, is just © Work with another pair. Decide on the three sports you would all like to propose. Present your proposal to the class. >. ~~ = . e ge Units Active live) | 43,( First we eat, then we do everything else. 99 (MEK. Fisher, 1908-1992, American food writer) What do you think this quote wants to express? J Is ittalking about the importance of food, or the y social/pleasurable aspect of eating? Doyou think we should give more less “ | importance to eating? ! ar IN THIS UNIT YOU WILL > talk about food and cooking > learn why you might stat eating insects on > read about Filipino streetfood > write atravel bloges VOCABULARY Describing food Work in pairs. Look at the photo and answer the questions: 1 What are the people eating? How do you think they are feeling? 2 Doyyou think itis a special occasion of an everyday meal? 3 Why do you think people enjoy eating together? 4 Do you often have large get-togethers with fiends or relatives? Have you ever heard of brunch’? Read the text and find out what itis. Then read again and complete it with the words in the box. fresh healthy ingredier well-balanced junkfood processed raw _ vitamins Brunch = the meal that combines breakfast and lunch, both in its name and in the time when it is served — is particularly popular on Sundays when friends and families have more time. tt is usually a(1)_meal, with a good mixture of (2) ___and dishes, ke boiled eggs, (3) and pancakes. You can find some (4) _____ food like biscuit, pastries, bacon and grilled sausages, but you wouldn't typically find (5) like burgers or fried chicken. There are many (6) options fullof | @) vera suis (7) suchas yoghurt and fruit smoothies, (€} ________| Go online and find out the difference vegetable sticks. A touch ofluxury— | in meaning between dish, plate and smoked salmon, avocado and (for the | course. Then discuss the questions with adults) mimosa cocktails, are often theres. included on the menu in restaurant 1. sthere just one translation for each Where brunch is usually served from wordin your language, or does it around 11 am. to 2 p.m. depend on the context? 2. What common callocations for example national ash, main course) ae there for each word? ‘Match the cooking methods (1-6) to the correct definition (a-). Then think of a dish or type of food for each one. Compare your ideas with a partner. 1 boiled 1 cooked in the oven (eg. cakes and bread) 2 steamed b 0 cooked quickly in a frying pan with oil 3 roasted ¢ 1 immersed and cooked in boiling water 4 fried C1 cooked under or over aflame 5 riled C cooked above boiling water 6 baked # C1 cooked in the oven with fat or oil MY PERSPECTIVE Which of these ‘bad habits’ connected to food and eating annoy you (or your parents) the most? Which are unacceptable in your country? Are there any other bad habits related to eating that annoy you? Discuss with the dass. + talking with your mouth full + being a noisy eater + never offering to do the washing-up + not finishing your main course, but eating dessert + eating while you're shopping in the supermarket + using your hands instead of cutlery + licking your knife oe md ae eee eee rage areas ie Unit4 Food 45:BEFORE YOU LISTEN © Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. ory school subject in your like itto be? yok? Who taught 1 Is cookery a compul country? If not, would 2 What dishes can LISTENING (© (ITT Listen to a podcast about food. Do the two speakers agree about cooking in schools? © (LWhisten again. Which speaker, Terry (T) or Mali (M): 1 is going to cook after the show! 2 will do the washing-up today? being a qood cook isto start 3 says that the secret says students are going to have cookery classes? __ 5 believes that schools have more important things to focuscon than cooking? _ 6 says that school is a good place to teach childre about healthy food 7 plansto leam to cook? 8 has. brother who cooks? GRAMMAR Future forms (1) Q Study the grammar box. Match the future uses (1-7) to an example (a-g) E VIDEO MAP | a ldo the washing-up if you like. (= wil/ won't) bb expect children will eam some simple dishes will/ won't) «¢ How old will the children be when they start? (= Present simple) They may be able to teach them about the dangers ofa poor diet. (= may /might) @ ve decided tm going to learn one new recipe each week. (= be going to) Mybrothe’s showing me how to make vegetable fasagne tomorrow. (= Present continuous) @ Next week, the podcast goes our at the same time. (Present simple) people, 1 CO plans and arrangements betwes usually witha specific futur time 2 1 decisions that we make at the moment of speaking 3 C hopes, expectations, beliefs and predictions 40 tun tentions 5 C1 ideas and predictions that are possible, but not certain 6 Di after th ness, until after, as soon asan 7 CZ future events on timetables. when, before, ime expressions lik hedules GEsEx PRONUNCIATION wil, wort )Choose the correct options to complete the comments below. ie don't want that to be me, because |think hhome cooking means a healthier diet, so! (1) ‘m going to/may learn. My friend's aunts a chef, and she’s agreed to teach me. My lessons (2) start /willstart next ‘Thuusday. She says she (3) teaches /might teach me spaghetti Bolognese. | (4) i/ might probably ask herif ‘we can do something vegetarian because | don't like touching raw meat. I've never cooked in my life, and Im never (5) cooking /going to cook, either. |(6)'m moving / ‘move next week to live with friends at univesity and they/te all earning to be cooks. 'm sure they (7) “practise /‘re practising ther skills on me when 1,8) m/will be hungry el 've never thought about it, ut | probably (2) don’t /won’tleam unless |(10) ‘m needing /needto, Right now | live at home, but when live on my own, (11) might/‘m going to possibly get more interested in cooking, | suppose. doesn't look very hard, so tm suite | (12) m picking / pick it up fast. MY PERSPECTIVE Work in pairs. When you leave home, will you be more like Annie, Frank or Michael? Why? Tell your partner. ‘Arobot chef created by feet crab soup. Complete the article with the best form of the verbs. Use willbe going to or the Present simple. Sometimes there is more than one possible answer. People say that cooking is fun, but I (1) (do) everything | can not to cook when | (2) _____(leave) home. If, ike me, you can't ‘even cook an egg, you (3) (probably / be) diseppointed with anything you make at home. But, good news! Poor home cooking (4) (possibly / disappear) in the near future. Moley Robotics have designed a kitchen robot that they believe (5) ____ (cook) any dish in the world as. competently as a professional chef Ielooks like two human atms and it works by ‘learning’ the hand and arm movements of professional chefs as they ‘workin the kitchen. The company (6) (cecord) celebrity chefs cooking fantastic meals and the arms can copy these instructions in people's homes. You can start the machine before you (7) ____ et home by choosing what to ‘eat from a menu of thousands of recipes on your phone. That's if you can afford it, of course ~it ® (0) on sale soon at a cost of £10,000, Despite the price, the makers think that robots (9) —______(make) all home food in the future. Personally, | find the idea of robot arms in my house quite strange, s0 think (10) (pend) my money on restaurants instead. Discuss the questions with the class. 1 Doyou think robot chefs will happen? If they do, will you use one? Why? / Why not? 2 Doyou think they will help us eat more healthily? Why? / Why not? Unit4 Food 47Rorrec eeu a in the Philippines. WORD BUILDING Compound adjectives Compound adjectives are formed with two words, often tha hyphen () Many are formed from the past participles of verbs: Is better to eat oven-baked food. (Food that has been baked in the oven) Some are formed from present participles, especially verbs Of senses (look, sound, taste, fee You'l keep coming back for more great-tasting lemonade. (Lemonade that tastes great) Read about compound adjectives. Then choose the correct option to complete the sentences below. 1 fried the chicken in deep ol. I's deep-fried /deep-frying chicken 2. That salad looks good. It’s a good-looked / good-looking salad wats the ingredient that tastes sweet? What's the sweet-tasted /sweet-tasting inatedient? 4 The tomatoes ae filled with rice. They'e rce-filed /rice-filing tomatoes. 5 don't think they've cooked this chicken enough. it’s undercooked / undercooking chicken 3 48. Unit4 Food Complete the sentences with the compound adjectives in the box. home-made modern-looking old-fashioned overcooked funny-sounding well-known 1 I can't believe you've never heard of tiramisu! It's a really Italian dessert 2. Ie eaten in so many restaurants recently. I's great to get back to some good ___ food. 3 Wehad lunch in atypical _____ restaurant inthe historic centre of tow 4 The restaurant is quite traditional but it has a surprisingly menu. id love to go there one day. 5 Be careful not to leave the fish in the oven for too long, It gets dry its 6 This dish has a very you pronounce i? name. How do Choose a dish that is popular where you live. Write sentences to describe it using compound adjectives. Suppl are mozzarella-flled balls of rice which are deep-fried. They are a well-known type of street food from Rome.Walk down the street in most big cities and youll find a middle-eastern kiosk selling kebabs and falafel, Without a doubt, you'll also find a restaurant selling burgers. If you look for spicy food, there’s 4 good chance you'll find Indian or Thai food. You might even find Mexican tacos or Vietnamese curry if you want a takeaway. But you probably won't find food from the Philippines. That's strange, because Filipinos make the best street food in the world, ‘One reason Filipino food is so good is that there's 0 much variety! You only have to look at the ‘country’s rich history t0 see why. ‘The Philippines have been influenced by Chinese, Malay, Arab and Spanish cultures, to name a few. Filipinos took these influences and mixed them in their own way. ‘A popular street breakfast illustrates this very well: take some Chinese rice; mix in some chocolate (the Spanish introduced cocoa to the islands): then add some 100% Filipino salted fish. That's champorado with faye and it'll wake you up! So, Filipino food! is a wonderful mix of many counties’ ingredients and styles, Because of this international influence, you'll recognise many dishes. For example, fumpia are delicious spring rolls, very similar to the ones on a Chinese menu READING © Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. 1 fyou'e in town and you're hungry, what do you buy 10 eat? Is there much choice? 2. What are the characteristics of ‘street food’? What kind of steeet food is there in your town or region? 6 Read and listen to the article about street food from the Philippines. Which sentence is true: A, B,C or D? A itis always extremely spicy B People fram all over the world know and enjoy it. tis not well-known outside the Philippines. D The ingredients aren't unusual for Europeans © Read the article again. Match each dish (1-5) to the aspect of Filipino food that it illustrates (ae). 1 champorado a C1 Filipino food often puts many with tuyo flavours together. 2 lumpia b C1 Some dishes are similar to dishes fiom other countries. 3 ukoy ¢ LZ Filipino food shows that it is Quite a poor country. 4 haluhalo dC Alot ofthe food uses local ingredients, lke seafood 5 adidas e 1 The food shows the multicultural past of the country. However, there are a few characteristics of Filipino ‘cuisine that distinguish it, For instance, seafood is everywhere because this is a nation of 7,000 islands! ‘kay is a popular prawn dish; the prawns are mixed, with vegetables in egg and flour, fried until they are golden, and served with spicy vinegar. You may. discover that the food isn't as hot as in countries like ‘Thailand, but it has strongly-flavoured dishes with ‘many great-tasting ingredients in each bite, The best- known dessert of the islands is baite halo — it contains cooked banana, sweet beans, coconut, fruit, sweet milk, sugar and ice, A milkshake you'll never forget! Youll find the best adidas (grilled chicken feet) in ‘Manila at a food stall called Maong's Grill. Filipinos don’t waste anything and make the most delicious snacks out of every part of the animal. At Maong's, for example, you can also get grilled chicken head and chicken intestine. In many parts of the world, street food started as food for people who weren't ‘wealthy* enough to have a kitchen in their home, and here they do it best. So why has the world not discovered Filipino street cuisine? Perhaps it’s because some of its tastiest dishes are very unusual, so you will only eat them if you want to try new things. But adventurous young. people are exploring world food more than ever, so in a few years, we'll all be eating Filipino food. For now, though, the best place to experience itis still ‘on the streets of Manila SPEAKING @ Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. 1 Have you ever tried Filipino food? What dishes would Yu like to try? Which ones would you avoid? 2 Are you an adventurous eater? What unusual things have you eaten? 3. What food from other countries have you tried or are you interested in trying? COLLABORATION © Workin groups. imagine that you are going to ‘organise a street food festival in your town. Discuss your ideas and do any necessary research. Decide: ‘+ when and where the festival will tke place + the kind of food that you want to include (regional? national? international?) ‘+ whether there willbe a theme to the festival ‘+ any other events that you want to include (for example, street artists or musicians) Together, design and produce a leaflet, a poster ora PowerPoint presentation to promote your street food festival. Share it with the class. Unit4 Food 49; 4C Feed the world with ... bugs? > World Map, p. 182 @ (4129) Read the dialogue and complete it with the expressions in the box. ‘ Then listen and check. will be eating ‘ibe working won'thave had ‘Ihave Sarah Qur science p there's so mu ject about future food resources is driving me crazy information online that |just can’t get my head round it! Will you be doing the project this weekend? Maybe we can. doit together. Luke — Well (1) time to think about the project at all before Sunday because we'll be preparing for my grandma's party all day Saturday. She's 80, and al my relatives (2) ___with usin the evening, Mum wants me to help, so I'll be making food all Saturday afternoon, | reckon. There's so much to do ‘sno way well have finished by the time my co Sarah Ah, fair enough. Well I try to do some research again on Sat ily) some information by the time you're free, then we can talk So far the only interesting site ve found is about ur diets will have become insect-based by 2050! Luke Yuck! Sounds gross! Anyway, my cousins are staying the night on Saturday, but they'll have gone home by midday, so quess I (4) —____o the project on Sunday afternoon. call you! Sarah OK, great. And good luck with the pa Talk the talk saving me ray 1 usd) co get my head round Fair enough. Sounds gross GRAMMAR Future forms (2) © Study the examples in the grammar boxes and expressions 1-4 in Ex. 1 ‘Then find two more examples of the Future continuous and two of the Future perfect in the dialogue. Welllbe preparing for my grandma's party all day Saturday. Theylhave gone home by midday. ‘© Now choose the correct option to complete the rules. The Future continuous /perfect expresses an action what will be finished a particular time in the future. We often use time expressions lke by the time or ith this tense Instead, we use the Future continuous /perfect to talk about an action that we know or think will be in progress ata certain point in the future, CerEiRead about future food resources and complete the text with the sentences a-f. {the human population will have grown to nine billion b we maybe able to find our protein from somewhere else © they think we will un out of food we will ll soon be eating insects €@ that figure will certainly rise in the future we won't have enough of these resources There are more than seven billion people on the planet, and (1) By 2050, (2)__, and experts are worried because (3) People in developed countries get most of ther protein from animal ike chickens and cows, but these animals need a lot of land, water and food to live, and (4) __as the world's population grows and more people want to eat this kind of meat. But (5) __. There's chance that (6) this may sound unappetising to some, but they ate a great source of protein. Complete the voicemail with either the Future continuous or Future perfect form of the verbs in brackets. Just wanted to let you know what we (1) (Go) this weekend. Remember the World Food Fair ast year? We're going again! it's like last year's event, by the end of the weekend | (2) (ty) all sorts of strange snacks. Apparently, this year, they're promoting insects, but | (3) (not eat) any ants, even if they are covered in chocolatel What about you? (4) (you / play) football all weekend like usual? Doyou think you (5) _______ finish) all your homework before Monday moming? I definitely (6) (not do) mine by then! #? ra Lot Why are insects a possible solution to the problem of future food resources? Choose the correct option. Researcher Marcel Dicke gives several reasons why insects (1) will won't provide us with a lot ofthe protein we need in the future. Firstly, farming insects s efficient: Give cows ten kilograms of food, and you will (2) be getting / get only one kilogram of beef, but locusts can give you nine kilograms of locust meat Secondly, you will already (3) be eating /have eaten hundreds of meals containing insects in your life, whether yu lke itor not! Next time you eat processed food, you (4) will /may probably be eating insects. This is because a lot of fruit gets damaged by insects, so the supermarkets don't want it, butts often used to make processed foods like tomato soup or marmalade. Thirdly, insects are already a popular form of good, healthy food. Up to two billion people in Asia, Africa and Latin America will (5) be enjoying /have enjoyed ‘an insect right now. Even so, people from Europe will (6) find /be finding it hard to get used to the idea of eating insects. One possibilty is that food manufacturers (7) may not / might start introducing processed insect. protein into their products. The researcher predicts that, by 2030, we (8) are going to buy / will be buying ther, not knowing that we are eating insects. RESEARCH & WRITING Choose one of these countries where insects are eaten, then go online and research it. Australia China Colombia Mexico Thailand ‘+ What types of insects do they eatin this country? + What dish, or dishes, do they prepare? ‘+ What other ingredients do they use? + Is the dish you chose eaten often or only on special ‘occasions? Use your research to write a short text, including your own opinion of the dish.4D Future plans SPEAKING & LISTENING My goals @ Write as many sentencesasyou @ Listen to three people talking about something they would like to can in five minutes saying how change in their life. Which speaker, Joseph (Speaker 1), Emily (2) or Catl (3), you think your life will have is not happy about: hi -d by 2030. Think about: cengee wich ‘a money? b their home life? ¢ their diet? family home lifestyle mone family home _Nesyle_money @ isten again. Are the sentences true (1) or false (F)?, I think Il be studying for a 1 Joseph believes eating meat is bad for the environment. Masters. 2. He wants to give up eating meat completely. 3 Emily thinks she won't need much money this summer. 4 She is interested in working at the local gym. 5 There is too much noise and not enough space for Carl to study at home. Imight be married! 6 He hopes he will have left home before starting university. Hil certainly have left my parents house. goo000 [EE © Work in pairs. Use expressions from the Functions box to discuss some of your hopes and goals for the next year and for the next five years. Ask your Talking about hopes and goals partner to give more details. Tak about the areas of your life below, or use expect! wil ‘your own ideas. Do you share any of the same goals? | think tmight + health and fitness {realy ke to + school and education fm aiming tohave... by next + home life month, + travel {rm interested ining. + money Tm looking forward to -ing. © fiends {fm thinking about/of ing. [A lexpect I! oon holiday wth my parents again next year, but hope ibe the ong / short term, fm going traveling abroad with fiends sometime inthe next five years to/hoping to/ planning to B Really?So, which places do you think youllgo to fist? |A Well hope ll have saved enough money to goto Spain or France fora few weeks 52 Unit4 FoodWRITING A travel blog Read Olivia's travel blog from the north of India. Which activities has she already done (D)? Which is she hoping to do (H)? Which is she going to do (G)? 1 gettoleh D 2 quickly visit the Red Fort__ 3. walkaround Delhi streets 4 travel slowly from Delhito Leh__ 5 learn to cook nice food __ 6 gowalking__ 7 talkto people fora project__ 8 sea festival __ Finally reached Leh last night after three incredible days in Delhi! We rushed around the Red Fort (net much time, and it’s huge, then wandered through the streets of the old city. What a beautiful place! It was boiling though, so we're all happy to feel the fresher weather of the Himalayas. The train to Leh crawled along, but at least we could rest. Delhi is exhausting! The family 'm staying with here ae super friendly and welcoming Last night they cooked a vegetable curry with delicious litle dumplings called momos Over the next week, we'llbe learning how to make afew tasty local dishes, and we'll have to buy the ingredients ourselves from local markets. Tomorrow we're hoping to go trekking in the hill if the weather's good. And 'malso planning to interview some of the people in town for my culture project. I expect there will be plenty of time for that - we're here for two weeks. Next week there's the Ladakh Festival - 'm looking forward to catching that! Do the activities in the Writing Strategies box. What other language does Olivia use to make her blog more interesting? Imagine you have just started one of the trips below. Make notes on what you have done and are going to do / eat / see. Then write a travel blog about the trip using Olivia's blog and the Useful Language box to help you. + atrip to region in your country with its own special local cuisine + a visitto the house ofa friend or relative in another city +a tip abroad with some friends WRITING STRATEGIES Descriptive language a. Read the travel blog again. Find words that Olivia uses instead of the words in bold in Ex.5. Why does she use these words? b_ Now find the words that Olivia Uses instead of these. 1 big line 2) 2 hot fine 3) 3 cooler (line 4) 4 tiring (ine 5) 5 very (line 6) Writing a travel blog We finally What beautiful place /long Journey! Issucha/an adjective + noun (noisy city, huge county). after The food was so + adjective (tasty, spicy, fresh, etc). The weathers wonderful boling / freezing. 11m hoping to want to... while fm here. Weight... ifthere's time.3&4 Consolidation & Certification Grammar revision Past simple & Present perfect Present perfect simple & continuous: revision of future forms; Future perfec; Future continuous Vocabulary revision spoxts; phrasal verbs; describing food; compound adjectives VOCABULARY & WORD BUILDING © choose the correct option 1 Traditional weddings in Italy are often realy long with, so much food, often seven or eight __. Aplates —Bcourses. Cmeals bowls. 2 The winner of the competition will et a_of 10006, second place SO0E and third place 250. Aprice Baward = Ctrophy prize 3 There are some people who follow a_ food diet, where nothing Is cooked or heated. Araw Bprocessed C junk Dyvitamin 4 Tomorrow’ tennis match has been cancelled because the ___is flooded Apitch Brink Court Dfield 5 usually work__ three orfourtimes a weekin the gym, Aup Bout Cin Dior 6 The doctor thought | was eating too many sweet things and told me to cut Adown — Bup Caway ———Doff 7 Despite taining hard, she didn't __her opponent in the final Avwin Bbeat Cscore reach 8 Inthis recipe, the vegetables are lightly _so they ate healthy and full of vitamins. Asteamed Braw C processed D fried © Complete each sentence with a compound adjective. Use one word from A and one from B, A B welk looking feshly- balanced home- made ‘olde known modesn- baked well fashioned 1 Wilkington’s Bakery has a wide selection of pastries and breads. 2 The décor ofthe restaurants alittle but the service and food are excellent. 3 He'sa athlete in his home country, but most people abroad haven't heard of him. 4 It important for everyone, not just sports people, to havea diet in order to be healthy. 5 The city hasa lot of contemporary architecture, but the stadium, despite being was built in the 1970s, 6 My grandmother always had jamin her cupboard, 54 Units 3&4 Consolidation & Certification GRAMMAR © choose the correct alternative. 1 Thisisthe frst time | have flown / fly som feeling @ litte nervous. 2. How long have you known /been knowing your best friend? 3. By this time next year, | will be graduating /have graduated from university 4 Jackisn't sure he can come to the party: his parents won't/ might not let him. 5 Martin is/has been the editor of our school newspaper forshe months, 6 What have you been /are you doing since we last savi each other? 7 Youcan call me any time tomorrow. Iwon't be working / have worked. 8 The kids are covered in chocolate because they have decorated / been decorating cakes all morning. © write ONE word in each space. Our dub has (1) training young athletes for nearly 20 years. When we frst started, we (2) 25 members, but now the numbers (3) to over 250 kids. We have first-class coaches and assistants who are dedicated to helping our young members improve. Qur under-12s category has @) won its fist regional competition, while the under-T8s group (5), taking part in the national championships next July: Next year we're going © join with five other clubs to go to Poland This (7) be in September, but it hasn't been confirmed (8) - We are currently building a new clubhouse next to the athletics field. As (6) as itis ready, we (10) have a party to celebrate this next stage in our club's history. We hope to see you there! ‘grownLISTENING © G12 D Listen to the interview with Karen, a restaurant blogger, and choose the correct option. 1 Karen’s article that went viral was about ‘A the anniversary of starred restaurant. B_ the opening of a Michelin restaurant. alVinterview. 2. How long has Karen been a restaurant blogger? ‘A Since January this year B For over 10 years € Since 2017, 3 When reviewing a restaurant, she never A. orders dishes from the menu. B_ returns to the same restaurant twice. acceptsa fee meal 4 Inher opinion, why is she so successful? ‘A. She is always honest. B_ She always publishes photos of what she eats C_ Her writing styleis unique. 5. Her goal for the future is ‘A toopen her own restaurant. B_towritea cookery book to become a politcal journalist 6 She says she had her best meal ever in A Sydney. B London, Naples. REAL ENGLISH © complete each text with the correct opti 1 , Ive been waiting forages! Ifyou A wort artve in the next ten B don't minutes, 'm going home. © aren't z / ~ [ASSISTANTTENNIS REQUIRED FOR A coach FIVE-WEEK SUMMER COURSE. TALK TO 8’ opponent {JEREMY WHITE ATTHE TENNIS CLUB OR \ cau. 3581122. C spectator \ 3 A going to B ant might © TDDisten and choose the correct option. 1 What time will they meetat the restaurant? mw © 2 When isthe sports competition? 3 What does the woman want from the shops? Ls ml nO a tS gf Sy Units 384 Consolidation & Certification $5READING © Dread what four different chefs A-D, say about their careers. Which chef. 1 has always worked in the same restaurant? 2 hashad difficulties finding staff? 3 expects to still be working when he/she's old? 4 might stop appearing on TV programmes? 5 wona competition at an early age? 6 has no professional training as a chef? 7 is going to invest in technology? 8 has not published any cookbooks yer? ooo00 oo000 I first appeared on TV in 2014. el adore my job and | just Recently, 've decided to make Itwas a cookery show fora © ,_ can't imagine doing anything «2 few changes in my life. 'm regional channel, but from different. All the way through definitely going to cut down on, there | became well-known and catering college, | was or maybe completely give up, soon I got an offer to appear dreaming about the day when | my TV work. | have enjoyed it ona national programme. For | |:scould open my own restaurant. immensely, but it’s becoming the last six months, I've been That finally happened when | ssrepetitive now. Actually, I've filming my own show end that ‘was 35 and I can still imagine been working on setting up an is going on air in the autumn. myself here when I'm 70! It experimental restaurant, with There's also a cookery book is my life, It hasn't been easy an open kitchen where robots to accompany the series. In sothough, and I've had problems together with chefs produce ‘the show, | talk about how | with finding the right people ssamazing dishes right in front started working in my dad's to work with me. Young people of the customers. My staff are restaurant at the age of 14 and are not always prepared to really enthusiastic about it ‘show | learnt on the job, picking put in the hours. In the future 80 as soon as | find the right up new skills and ideas from \ might write a recipe book or location, we'll start: every chef worked with, until perhaps see about getting into I finally became successful in TV work. But I'll never give up my own right. my restaurant. ssMy speciality is fusion cuisine. My parents come from Japan, but | was brought up in France, so this is where my cooking style comes. from. A lot of people who read my books find it hard to believe that Thave always worked in just one place. In fact | will have been in this restaurant for 15 years next December. They always imagine ~s ___ aathat I travel a lot and change jobs all the time in order to have such % an unusual and creative style. They are often surprised too when they find out that | was just 13 when I was awarded first place in a | national cookery contest. —_ “Ty 56 Units 3&4 Consolidation & Certification3&4 Presentation Skills SUPPORTING YOUR ARGUMENT Using statistics in a talk °o Read part of Emma’s presentation about young people and physical activity. Complete the text with these ‘words, Then listen and check. academic ball games cycling future negative outdoors recommends school 44 Four out of five children in Europe are not active enough and this is having significant (1) effects on their health at the moment, but will also affect their (2) wellbeing, The World Health Organization @ 2a minimum of 60 minutes activity every day of the week for children between the ages of 5 and 16, This doesn't necessarily mean participating in an organised sport, but it could include (4) to school, having a game of football with friends in the park, skateboarding or ‘trampolining, for example. There are many ways we can be active, especially ) ‘and of course the open air also brings many other benefits 6) has an important role to play, too: 80% of children only do sport at school so itis vital that as much importance is given to sport as is given to more (7) subjects. Schools should also vary the activities that they offer as most of the time the choice is limited to (8) like football or volleyball, or maybe athletics. PP © Read the Competences box. Then discuss the questions with the class. aaa 1. Underline the statistics that Emma uses, Which do you find interesting or surprising? Quoting statistics in a talk supports your argument and makes it more authoritative. = Check that the source of your 2. Doyou think she uses too many statistics in her talk? Why? / Why not? 3. Which statistics could she present visually, and in what format (a graph, table, etc)? statistics is reliable © Use the words in the box to complete the expressions you can use to refer + Aninteresting / surprising to statistics ina talk. statistic wll get your audience's —— attention, average doubled less outof over per twice «/Propate stiles xo stil ey statistics in a graph, pie chart or 1s t se eat too much junk food. ae one table, but don't make them too 2 Wewaste ‘as much as we did 50 years ago. complicated 3 Like this, we can save. 75% of the cost. + Don't use too many numbers or 4 The number of members has since last year. the audience might lose interest 5 On British teenagers do only 2 hours of sport week at school 6 uses 10 times energy than before YOUR TALK Work in pairs. Choose one of the following topics and do some research to find out figures and statistics. Prepare a short presentation to give to the class. + vegan diets ‘+ how much sportspeople are paid + genetically modified crops + the successes ofa sports team On pages 58-59 you will watch a TED Talk. When you watch the talk, pay attention to how the speaker uses statistics to support what he is saying, Units 384 Presentation Skils 57Sea Why I’m a weekday vegetarian éélfallo of us were vegetarians re Uae ABOUT THE SPEAKER Read about the TED Talk speaker, Graham Hil. n his talk, what do you think he asks people to do? e green lives. lects his st website, treehugger. But what does it mean to live a greener life in the Graham looks for ways th re about 1e environment and commit to helping reduce our emissions and our carbon footprint. He Knowing what | know, wh a vegetarian? and this caused him to Hea worth spreading is that cut sta part of the time ~ can have a powerful impact on the planet KEY WORDS Match the words in bold in the text to the meanings. a mportar ng ef b 300d for the planet « the amount of cat hat we product 5B Units 384 TE us ate half a alia meat, it would be like half a AUTHENTIC LISTENING SKILLS When people are speaking to an audience, th pause to break t often ir sentences up into short sections, forthe lstene's to follow where there is a comma or other punctuation to separate adverbial phrases, €9. expressions about time or place before an important word or phrase between the subject of a sentence and its verb wher the subjectis lo G211.22) Listen to the beginning of the TED Talk. Mark (\) the pauses. 10, | asked myse (91.25) Mark where you think Graham pauses in the next two sentences. Then listen to check. After all, m one of s:| grew up with hippie ents in a log ca da site ca = Icare about this stuf Graham talks about vegetarianism in his talk. Work in pairs and make alist ofreasons why somebody might be a vegetarian. It’s good for your health,WATCH THE TALK (CB watch Part 1 ofthe talk. Put the phrases about eating meat in the order that Graham mentions them. a D ttis bad for the planet. b L The animals suffer in poor conditions ¢ Di tris unhealthy. wore a jore m C3 complete the facts about eating meat. Then watch Part 1 again and check your answers. 1 Ifyou eat one every day, itcan increase lity of dying by a third animal m conditions. duction uses 100 t vegetables: 4 Weare eating (CB match Part 2. choose the correct option. 1 When Graham says to the audience ‘Imagine your las hamburger, he wants them to A see what a difficult decision he me ne vegetarians. 2. Which of these ru AA Only eat fish at the weeker s part of Graham’ solution? 3 Which part solution is he happiest about? AA He isn't creating so much pollution. B He's got more mane) C He's healthier. To persuade their ‘ibe personal experiences that others can relate to, bb make it sound achievable € offer choice and flexibility. d point out t How does Graham try to persuade his audience? Match the extracts below to techniques (a-f) in the Critical Thinking box. Each extract may use more than one technique 11 Knowing what I know, why am I no 2 Imagine your last hamburg} 3 Id.commit to doing it later, and not sur er never came, Sound f getarian? risingly, doing it for the last ear, ands gr Weekday Veg. nthe weekend, your choice. Simple. Ifyou want to take it to the next level st of all 'm heal v that fm g longer, and Ive even lost little wei Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. 11 Which of Graham's reasons for becoming a weekday vegetarian are the most convincing? 2. Would you consider becoming a weekday vegetarian? How easy or Doa survey. Find out what other people in the class think about becoming a weekday vegetarian. Units 384 TEDTak 59ngers to thé bone. 97 im, probably originating in the 18th century) CLASS DISCUSSION + What do you think the idiom means? + Do you thinkit can be used when talking about ‘mental work or just physical work? + In yourlanguage, are there anyidiomatic expressions for ‘working hard? learn about jobs that no longer ex > write a job application leteT ern etd Ecce > World Map, p. 182 VOCABULARY Describing work @ Look at the photo and discuss the questions in pairs. 1 What s the man doing? What skills does he need for the job? 2 What skills abilities and personal qualities do people need to work successfully in the 21st century? 3 Are qualifications the most important thing? Why? / Why not? © Work in small groups. Think of a job: 1 which is popular so the job market is competitive. 2 in which you need to be flexible ~ able to adapt to changing situations. 3 that’s well-paid — you get a good salary 4 inthe construction industry. 5 where employees work long hours ~ 50 hours a week or more. 6 that you would find quite stressful 7 which has good career prospects 8 in which you would be in charge of many people - responsible for them, 9 that is physically demanding, so you need to be healthy. 10 that needs creative people with new ideas and new ways of doing things © Pat the lines in order, 1-9. The first and last lines have been done for you. a Ive always wanted to workin B charge of the boys’ football earns. t wasn'ta very well-paid € for organizing a football tournament. Since that job, ve never been out work atthe sports centre, two days a week, where | was in @ jobs a coach. tm currently working job, but it as quite satisfying ~ | was responsible _ g of work, Now Ive got a fulltime fh the sports industry | qualified as @ personal trainer and got part-time 4 ona fitness programme for ane of my clients who isa professional athlete. 9° © Work in pairs. Using a dictionary or the Internet to help you, find out the difference between these terms. 1 ime and temporary work ® snd to work on something 3 tohave a full-time ob and to work long hours 4 employee and employer 5 work and job CD oicitat skis Do some online research to find the most wanted jobs in your area. Do you think you would be interested in one of these jobs? Why? / Why not? MY PERSPECTIVE © Work in small groups. Look back at the jobs you thought of in Ex. 2. Discuss the questions. 1 Do you know anyone who does one of these jabs? 2. How long has he/she been doing it? What does he/she think oF it? 3. Which of these jobs would you consider doing and which couldn't you stand? Why? Unit S$ Work 61A New ways of working BEFORE YOU LISTEN Work in pairs. Think about the people in your family who have jobs. What do they complain about? Why? Discuss, using the ideas below or your own ideas. While you listen, complete each sentence with the verbs in the box. enjoy forget goneon mean regret remembers stop tying the money they are paid the quantity of work the holidays they can take the place where they work travelling times _ the clothes they have to wear A My dad's always complaining about his journey to work It takes him an hour to get to his office. B Really? My mum works from home, but she sometimes says she feels abit lonely. LISTENING (21.26) Listen to a podcast about two employers who try to make thelr workers happier and more productive. Which person, Hamdi Ulukaya or Jenny Biggam, offers employees the working conditions below? There are two extra ideas. Shares in the company. b Anextra day off every month. © Choice in what time to start and finish each day. The chance to work fiom home or in the office. Choice in when to take holidays. Mem 1 Ulukaya started the business a few years ago and it has__to become 2 mult-billion-dollar company. 2 Does he just actually good management? 3 He feeling grateful to his workers for helping him start the business. 4 Doyou think that one day hell giving so much of the company away? 5 Jenny Biggam decided to the rules for her workers to be nice, ori this making all 6 Theyare to make work happier experience. 7 The employees feel appreciated, so they working harder 8 What kind of boss would you like? Don't tophone in and tell us!GRAMMAR Verb patterns Look at the verbs in bold in the grammar box. How are the verb forms different from the ones in Ex. 3? Poree aes) Will hey go on treating their workers well? Making work enjoyable means creating a more productive company. € Some managers remember to show their employees. how much they appreciate their work regret to inform you that we cannot offer you work. € stopped to buy a coffee on the way to work Why not try working from home fora few days. Helllnever forget making his fist milion dollars. Work in pairs. Discuss how the meaning of each main verb in Ex. 3 and the grammar box changes depending on the verb form which follows it. Invent two new examples for each verb, related to your world. 00 + infinitive with to-= to do something after doing something else After lower secondary school | went on to study at Upper secondary school goon + ing =to continue We go on studying English for all ve years of upper secondary school. > Grammar reference & practice p. 262 Inv Jny ‘Complete the topics with the correct form of the verbs. Then choose three of the topics and make notes about them. Discuss your notes in pairs 1 something you meant______ (do) this morning 2 the ob youll go on the future 3. anitem of clothing you've tried (wear) 4 abad habit you've stopped _______ (do) 5. something you never remiembs which annoys your family 6 aperson youll never forget 7 a day you remember when you were a very young child 8 asport or game youtried —_____ (do) but found too hard (do) in (do), (meet) lenjoy) SPEAKING Work in pairs. Look at the photo and discuss the questions. 1 Does tlook like a typical office environment? 2. What differences are there? What reasons could there be? 3 Doyou think schools should change what they look lke to help students learn and study better? 4 Should teachers give students more independence or freedom to make decisions, like the employers in Ex. 2? eee ed sitting on a swing in the offices Cee urs5B Anunusual job WORD BUILDING Ways of seeing In English, verbs often express the same action, but with slightly different meaning, For example, there are many verbs that can express ‘seeing’ apart from look, watch and see which you ate already familiar with, You should try to expand your vocabulary by writing new verbs with similar meanings in your notebook. @ Read the sentences. Underline a verb related to seeing in each sentence. 1 The police spotted him leaving the car park in a van. 2 She stole from three different shops, but they caught her on security camera each time. 3 He only glanced at the woman but he knew who she was immediately 4 | waved at her but | don't think she noticed me because she didn't stop to say hello, 5 The person in the photo has been identified as Adam Blackmore. 6 Officers observed people leaving and entering the building entrance throughout the night. 7 | recognised an old fiend at the tain station, even though I haven't seen her for years © Study the Reading Strategies box and look again at the context of each verb in Ex. 1. Then choose the correct, verb for each definition below. 1 notice / observe = became aware of someone or something 2 recognise /qlanc 3 notice identi who they are 4 observe /recognise = know who a person is because you have seen them before 5 notice catch =see someone doing something wrang 6 spot /glance = locate someone or something because you are looking for them. 7 recognise /observe = watch someone or something carefully in order to lear information look quickly at something see someone and be able to say READING STRATEGIES Guessing meaning from context When you don't understand a word, ooking at the words around it and the context can help you to guess the meaning, Look atthe sentence below. What clues does it give youto the meaning ofthe verb glance? He only glanced at the woman, but he knew who she wos immediately. 64 Unit Work READING © Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. + Doyyou find it easy to recognise people you have only met once? + How good are you at remembering names? + Canyou recognise people from their voices? ° TE Read and listen to the article. Choose the correct option to complete the descriptions of ‘super-recognisers’. 1 Tobe a super-recogniser, you must be very good at A preventing crime. B recognising faces. € operating CCTV cameras. 2. Super-recognisers work mostly A at football matches. B on the streets C inCCIV control centres. © Read the article again. Are the sentences true (T) or false (FY? 1 Thearticle mentions two problems with CCTV. 2. One answer to these problems is toinstall more cameras. 3 Super-recognisers don't need to look ata face forlong in order to identity it 4 The police use super-recognisers to stop violent situations from developing. 5 Ifyou are good at recognising faces, you will probably have a good general memory. 6 Tobecomea supertecogniser, you need years of training, ooagq0aouc06adod co MY PERSPECTIVE © Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. 1 Doyou think you'd be a good super-recogniser? Why? / Why not? 2 Doyou thinkit is possible to develop your skills at recognising faces ors it something that you can't change? 3. What about ways to improve your memory of facts and information?og ba air) PTAC CTT ST CD ‘Next time you'tein a busy city centre, look up. The chances are there will be a CCTV * camera somewhere nearby. Many large cities have thousands of security cameras: on buildings, next to ads, even in public buses and trains. They are supposed to prevent crime, but there isa problem, No matter how many cameras are in place to catch people breaking the lawy, criminals can't always be identified. For one thing, the police can only put a name toa face ifthey already have information about that person. Also, even ifthe criminal is known to the police, the CCTV image is often so poor that itis impossible to, recognize them. Impossible for most people, that is, but not ifyou're a 1s super-tecogniser. These are people with the amazing abilty to remember thousands of faces and pick them ‘out from a crowded street, even ifthey only see them for ‘a moment. At football matches, for example, the police need to spot troublemakers immediately, before they 2 stat fighting, and this means acting fast. The 152 super- recognisers employed by the London police can do tis, and they get results The police didn't need to worry, for example, when there was trouble in the streets a few years ago. Officers 2+ who were super-recognisers sat in CCTV control centres, ‘observing the scenes on TV and picking out known criminals for their colleagues on the ground, Just one. member of the team, Gary Collins, was able to identify a total of 199 troublemakers! The police later arrested many of them; others weren't alowed to go back on the streets You probably think that with a memory this good, super- recognisers must be good at remembering lots of things, but Collins admits he can't even remember a shopping lst ‘Thave to write that down,’ he says. Scientists believe that the ability to recognise faces is different from other kinds of memory, and uses a special part ofthe brain. Damage to that area of the brain can cause face blindness, where people can't recognise faces at all. Having said that, most of us ate really good at recognising faces. We are even able to identify people we know from the back oftheir heads and from the way they walk, something computers ate unlikely to be able to do in the near future. However, we can't all do it as well as professionals like Gary Collins, who are better at recognising faces than 999% of the population, You might also be in the top one percent and not even know it So, if you'te looking for a job where you are allowed to watch TV all day, you should find out whether you're a super-recogniser and join the police! Unit S Work 65:5C Job evolution GRAMMAR Present & past modal verbs @ Study the sentences in the grammar box. Which sentence describes each function (1-7) below? 1 Cl obligation or necessity 4 C1 ability or possibilty 6 C) no obligation 2 O noability or possibility 5 C1] permission 7 D advice 3 O prohibition emer ‘a Youshould apply for that summer jobs its perfect for you! Employers must always respect worke'srights. ‘¢ [was able to find apart-time ob quite easily at university We're allowed to take ime off work when were il © Until the startof te 20th century, most women weren'tallowed to train as doctors. Children can‘tget.a good education in some countries because of war or poverty 4g ‘didn't need to buy a uniform: the company gave me one © Look at the grammar box again. Which sentences (a-g) refer to the present and which refer to the past? Present Pai © Now match these other past forms to a function (1-7) in Ex. 1 didrithaveto___-managedto___—neededto___—weren'tableto_ > Grammar reference & practice p. 262 Q Complete the text about jobs that no longer exist with these words. can't can couldn't don'thaveto hadto needto have had to shouldn't They say that the world is changing faster now than at any time in history. We (1) ______ do things that were unimaginable just a few years ag0, Twenty years ago, you (2) send photos from your phone, for ‘example, and you (3)______ carry a map before GPS existed, These changes affect everything. Smartphones mean people (4) buy cameras any mare, so camera companies (5) ___ survive today and employees often (6)___find new. jobs. Technology is changing the way we live, but also the way we work Many professions are changing or disappearing entiely due to technology, but you (7) ____ think that job evolution isa recent thing, Many old jobs which you have probably never heard of (8) make way for new ones because of advances in technology. © Play a game in small groups. Think of ajob. Let the other people in the ‘group take turns to ask ten yes/no questions to guess the job. ‘A Do you need to travel long distances? B Yes ‘A Areyou apifot? B No, but have toworkin an aeroplane,AJ Listen to a historian describing these jobs from the past. Complete the notes. Knocker-up Woke people up using a (1) ___stick Had to stay until the customer was (2) Done by old people, or sometimes (3) Mule scavenger Worked in the (4) —____ mills. Always done by (5) Had to clean under the (6) Icemen and Icewomen Delivered blocks ofice to businessesand (7) families. GRAMMAR Modal verbs for deduction Before (8) _________were common in every home. Study the examples in the grammar box and underline the modal verbs. We can use these verbs to speculate. - SPEAKING or make a deduction. Which example describes Welt ean NaCER ous, something we think i: 11 What sis do you think people had to have to do the jobs inthe photos? Ate they very different from the skills we use today in the world of work? DERE ee 2. Why do you think these jobs disappeared? . 3 What other jobs can you think of that have now ‘a He can'thave awel-paid job: he's aways wonying about epee Tcertain?__ 2 possible? __ 3 impossible? ‘money. bb Somejobs might alsappear soon because of advances in technology. RESEARCH & WRITING € Sheworksas an accountant so she must be good at maths. abner iieeae centr Find out about another job that has disappeared fe Alcewasnttin the office today. Shecould be i. completely or has changed dramatically. Write a short text aboutit. Include: $c veterans @ praca p 262 + the job tile and a description of the role ‘+ what kind of person usually did ths job and where Choose the correct option. «+ the typical working conditions + why ital 1d / how ithas changed over th 1 The company is making 200 people redundant. ree NS MENS NINES Business can’t /could be doing well 2. ‘Why doesnt this printer work? ‘No idea, There might not /mustn’t be any paper. 3 Ican'tconnectto the Internet. here can't/could be a problem with the Wri 4 Iverno idea what they'e doing inthis photo, They may /must be building something 5. |admire firefighters. It might /must be a very intense job. 6 Isthat James? "No, it could /can't be him. He's in Spain this week? 7 Danilo's worked in London for six months He must /can‘t speak English quite well by now. 8 Susan doesn't know ifshe's free tomorow ‘She can‘t/ might have to work Work in pairs. What jobs might the photos on these ages represent? ‘A Theman on the left might be cleaning the window. B No, Idant think so He cant be a window cleaner because he hasnt got any water5D Going for the job SPEAKING & LISTENING Job interviews @ Look at the photo. in some © Work in pairs. Look at the three summer job adverts at the bottom of the countries students have part- ppage and discuss which of these jobs you would prefer. Why? What other time jobs lke this at weekends or types of summer job could you do if you needed to make money? during schoo! holidays. Is this the same in your country? © (21129) Listen to a job interview. Which job in Ex. 2 is the interview for? [CTR «0014 you cive Roberta the job? Why? / Why not? o Listen again. Complete expressions 1-7 in the Functions box with Talking about skills the words that Roberta says. and personality Yd say was quite a() © Work in pairs. Take turns to interview each other for one of the jobs Hani watag (0 (2) advertised in Ex. 2. Use the phrases in the Functions boxand these tm usually quite good at (3) questions. Nike to think fm not afraid to @). + Canlaskyou why you'te interested in this job? I knowican sometimes (5) + What experience do you have that could be useful in the job? Tre had lots of experience in this ‘+ What personal skills do you have that you think would help you? field. ‘+ Isthere anything you want to ask me? Being positive about the job a I've alvvays wanted to do this kind ERSONI CARE : ASSISTANT of job. . TIME CATING i KE user looking I think thisjob would give me SOAR AT AOUAPARIS Suse eee ee 6 Popular water park looking for feaece oe Asking about the job enthusiastic staffto serve visitors at eee carer goes oF & What does the job involve? ‘urinate estes a ‘eu person willbe happy 10 Iwas just wondering iff would No walter experience needed, ‘with household tasks, such as i 0.2 but applicants must be polite and help jave to (7) ‘leaning and cooking, as well as Arewe alowed to wear casual i fe9ing tothe shops etc. Mustbe clothes? Hours 1130am—400pm, d and happy and havea sense pean ‘of humour, About five hours’ work Vacancies from now unt teach day, with plenty of fee time. September, Free access to water park for family and fiends. SANTA CRUZ FRUITS summer workers needed Would you like to work outdoors as part of our friendly team? Are you harc-working? Do you want to keep Fit2Join this Family sun fruit frm during our busy summer season. Good rates of pay, and fee fut every day! peor: VeWRITING A letter of application Read the letter of application. Which information (1-7) does Karen include? 1D details of when she is available to work 2 Llerperience she has that is relevant tothe job 3 D herinterests 4 C personal qualities she thinks are relevant to the job 5; Heath Sueet, Ganbrak feat N17 4? ‘Applian forsummer work thay 200, Dear Sir or Madam Lam vwiting to apply for the job of personal care assistant, which I saw advertised on. summerwork com. I believe am 2 good candidate forthe job [haven't worked as a earer before, but my father uses a wheelchair and I have quite a Jot of experience helping him get in and out ofthe ear. What is more, lam able to cook ‘and would be happy cleaning the house. [Tike to think that lam a friendly person who gets on well with most people. Lam a hard-working and enthusiastic student and I am sure that | would bring these qualities to the job. | complete my school exams on 22nd June and would be able to stat then, ‘can continue until the beginning of September. | ook forward to hearing from you soon, Yours faithfully, Karen Malone nces Read the Writing Strategies box and do the tasks. In pairs, compare your answers. Write a letter of application for one of the other jobs advertised on page 68. Follow the organisation and writing conventions of Karen’s letter. COLLABORATION Work in a group with other students who applied for the same job. Read the other students’ letters. Who would be the best candidate? Why? 5 1 her reasons forwanting the job 6 CT her reason for writing the letter 7 Cher school qualifications WRITING STRATEGIES Appropriate tone When you apply for ajob, itis important Not to Sound arrogant or to exaggerate. This may make a potential employer lose interest in you. a Find sentences in Karen's letter that give us the information below. How are the sentences in the letter different? 1. Lam perfectly qualified for the job. 2 Ihave a lot of experience. 3. | aman awesome cook 4 | get along with everyone. b_ Rewrite these sentences to sound less arrogant. 1. My Chinese is perfect and | have good level of Japanese. 2. Laman amazing driver. 3. Myexam results were impressive. 4 | aman extremely creative thinker.44 The things that make us differ those are our superpowers. 97 CLASS DISCUSSION + What or who do you normally associate with the word ‘superpower’? + What superpowers do you think the quote refers to? + Doyou believe this? Why? / Why not? + What are your superpowers? IN THIS UNIT YOU WILLVOCABULARY The human body Look at the photo and discuss with the class. 1. What part of the bc fo you think the image shows: a inor alung? 2 Thisis CT scan, Doyou know how this is different from a normal X-ay 3 Do you know any interesting or surprising facts about the human body? How much do you know about the human body? Work in pairs. Use the numbers in the boxes to answer the questions in the quiz, ED Mc ts Rees cease |, Socsteel ae] Promina eens FOOD mT a0 Pree at uncon uman bint What percentage ofthe brain do we use? (%) GIZOD Now listen to two students discussing the quiz and check your answers. Which pair got the most answers right in your class? Complete the sentences with these pairs of words. bone + bacteria breathe + lung les +tongue skeleton + cel beat + skin blood + oxyger 1 Lenjoyed the biology exam. We had to label the bones on the human and draw a red blood —__ 2 cough and she's finding it hard to She may infectior ys ve broken the put she's more worried have got into the cu hat the ssels under your skin look blue hey don't cor ou can feel your hea y y an never find them! 6 There ar eight together so we can speak work MY PERSPECTIVE ey congener See 11 Which factsin the quiz did you already know and which surprised you? Work in groups and discuss the questions. Give reasons for your answers. biology and learnin you like to workin Unité Superhuman 716A Amazing bodies BEFORE YOU LISTEN @ Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. 1. Do you walk more orless than your fiends? 2. How do you look after your body? Think about diet, your bones, heart, lungs and skin. LISTENING © G2 Listen to a radio programme about the human body. Which areas does the speakers talk about? Cblood Cibones Dithe brain Digestion Dithe heart © (12.02) Competences Read the Listening Strategies box. Then listen again and complete the notes with a word or number. With a listening task where you have to fill in missing words, itis important to read the text first. The words before or after each gap will help you understand what information you need to listen for, for example a number, an adjective or a noun. Why the human body is extraordinary + Our backbones have changed (1). inorder to help us hold up our heavy heads There ae (2). bones in each foot and more than 100 muscles. Wecan walk @) km in our lifetime. + Ourboodies are fll of bacterial cells and the type of bacteria is probably influenced by our (4) + At 2,500 metres above sea level, there is less (5) ____ inthe air. This can create problems for most people when they try to (6) + Tocope with this, people who lve at high altitudes have evolved: for example, in the Himalayas people have bigger (7) than others, and people in the ‘Andes have more oxygen in their (8) over time PM ee GRAMMAR Conditional sentences (1) Q Study the sentences in the grammar box. Which two are talking about possible future situations? What is the other sentence describing? Zero & First conditional [ viozo map J ur bodies don’t look very impressive ifwe compare them with other animals b Ifyou listen to today’s show, you'll find out why the human body is extraordinary, ¢ You will have difficulty breathing ifyou go to high altitudes © Choose the correct option to complete the rules about Zero and First conditional sentences. 1. Zero conditional sentences talk about general facts/ ‘possible future situations. 2 First conditional sentences talk about general facts / possible future situations. 3 Conditional sentences have one clause /two clauses. 4 Zero and First conditional sentences have a present/ future tense in the clause, Rewrewber! Renaewber We can replace if with unless (meaning ‘ifnot}, when and In Zero and First conditional sentences, the fclause always ses the Present simple, but we sometimes use an imperative ‘or modal verb in the ather clause. ‘As soon as you flyover North Indi, you can see the Himalayas. Don't go tothe doctor unless you feel ‘When people climb mountains, they might have trouble breathing > Grammar reference & practice p. 264G Choose the correct options to complete the paragraph. There's so much conflicting health advice kno lays, how do ye They say that (1) you're /you will be worries out your heart, you (2) should / will exercise ry day. But then again, you (3) might / will hui yourself ifyou (4) may do/do too much ort! And they used to say that (5) f/ unless you (6) avoid / might avoid eatina fatty food, you (7) get/will getheart disease, But now s sugar we should be worried about! 8) If Unless we (9) continue / will continue 0 drink sugary drinks, (10) do / will we all diabetes? fm so confused! @ Complete the advice with the correct form of the verbs. 1 You (ged i ifyou (keep) having late nights 2 Broken bones (mend) themselves if patients (not move) them for several weeks. 3 That cut looks bad. Ifyou (not clean) it well, you (cet) an infection 4 Have you cooked that chicken forlong enough? You __ (not kill the dangerous bacteria unless you (cook) it wel. 5 Diseases (spread) easily unless people (wash) their hands regularly. 6 Hyoustil (havea headache tomorrow, (make) an appointment with the doctor. RESEARCH & SPEAKING © Work in groups. Read the text, then research the situation on Mount Everest today. Ever since 1953 when New Zealand explorer Edmund Hillary and, Sherpa Tenzing Norgay reached the summit of Everest, linibers have seen this mountain as the goal of a lifetime. However, the increasing numbers of climbers on Everest today ate creating enormous problems forthe local communities, the mountain environment, and for the climbers themselves What are these negative effects and what will the consequences beifwe don'tact now? Find out about: + the number of permits issued and the question of overcrowding + the ole of the Sherpas and other climbing organisations + human waste and rubbish Together, prepare a report, an infographic or a poster which shows the concems, effects and possible solutions. URES Super i6B More than human? WORD BUILDING Permission & possibility @ Read the sentences and underline the verb in each one that means make something easier/possible and circle the verb that means make something difficult/ impossible, 1 My parents let me stay out until 11.30 on Saturday evenings. 2 The firefighters prevented the fire from spreading to nearby houses 3 Security tags are used to stop people from stealing in shops. 4 What will this technology enable us to do in the future? 5 The school doesn't allow students to use their mobiles inclass. 6 Assistance dogs help people live their everyday lives despite their disabilities. 7 set three alarms this morning to save me from being late for the school bus © Complete the table showing the correct structure of. the verbs you underlined and circled in Ex. 1. Try to remember the verb patterns! } sameone todo ae } someone do —— > someone from doing © Complete with an appropriate verb from the table in Ex.2 and the correct form of the verb in brackets. ‘Sometimes there is more than one possible answer. 1 Glasses, people with poor eyesight (Gee) better. 2 Doing exercise ___you (outon) weight. 3 Treadmills you (run) outside in the rain 4 Distance learning students (lean) even ifthey can't go to school 5 GPS systems on our phones —__us (get) lost 6 Some teachers (not) students (use) dictionaries in class tests. O Write two things that your + patents stop you from doing, ‘+ mobile phonelets you do. + school helps you do. + teacher doesn't allow you todo, Then compare your sentences with a partner. 74 Unit6 Superhuman READING ‘© Read the definition of a cyborg. What cyborg technology can you think of, fictional and real? cyborg (n.) a person who has added extra tools or machines to themselves so that they can improve their own abilities © (1205) Read and listen to the article. Choose the main idea which summarises it. 1. Cyborg technology is already used to help people with disabilities. 2. Inthe future, everyone will have cyborg superpowers. 3. Surprising as it may seem, cyborg technology is not new, and not unusual e Read the article again. Answer the questions. Then compare your answers with a partner. 11 Why doesn't Michael Chorost ike the word cyborg? 2. What unusual ability does Michael Chorost have? Why is itgood? 3 Hugh Herr lost his legs. What two unexpected advantages ofthis are mentioned? 4 What technologies that many people already use does the writer mention? 5 How is writing a ‘cyborg technology’? WRITING © Competences Using your answer to Ex. 7 as a starting point, write a short summary of the article. Look back at the Reading & Writing Strategies box on page 39 for ad ‘MY PERSPECTIVE ‘© Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. 1 Inwhat ways are you a cyborg? 2. What jobs that your brain could do have you given to technology? 3 Are there any disadvantages of using technology as an extension of our abilities?Without technology, Michael Chorost wouldn't hear anything, Electronic implants in his brain allow him to hear enough to have a phone conversation, Technically, Michael is a cyborg - part man, part machine — but he doesnt like that terms t brings up images of superhuman abilities” Inscience fiction, the cyborg is stronger than normal humans; ‘think about Robocop or Darth Vader, for instance. ‘The future is not about giving our bodies ways to do things they already do, Chorost says. ‘t's about giving our bodies entirely new things’ In Michael's case, for example, his disability has an unusual benefit. Thanks to his implants, he’s able to tum his hearing off. This lets him concentrate better. IFonly the rest of us could do that! Hugh Herrlost both legsin 2 mountaineering accident, but that didn't stop him from climbing. Artificial legs offer advantages he wouldn't have if he had his old legs. His small artifical feet can get into smaller gaps in the rock. And in normal if, when he's feeling small,he can make himseff taller! Don't you wish you could change your height? Now Herr is working on how brain cells can communicate directly with electronics tocontrol muscles. This may sound like science fiction, but a sense, we are all cyborgs, and always have been. Technology is very much part of who Michael CChorost and Hugh Herr are, but just because the rest of us don't have implants doesn’t mean our gadgets aren't an extension of our bodies. ‘Would it make any difference if our smartphones were in our arms in the future, for example? The first time a human used a rocks a tool to ‘open a nut, they created an extension of their hand, And glasses and contact lenses are technologies that many of us wear most ofthe time, and which enable us to see better. Some experts claim that modem gadgets such as smartphones are different because they help us extend our brains, not just our bodies For example, they prevent us from forgetting our friends’ birthdays; they do difficult calculations for us, and they stop us from getting lost. However, haven't we been using technology to do our thinking for us for hundreds of years? Take a calculation like 312 + 13. 'm sure you can doit in your head, but if you weren't able to, you could use a calculator, or you could also use a pen and paper if you needed to, \Wiiting is a cyborg extension of the brain that saves us from having 10 keep lots of information in our memory, and we've had it for along time! So, next time you hear someone saying that cyborg technology is the future, tellthem it's the past and present, too.6C First aiders GRAMMAR Conditional sentences (2) @ Work in pairs. Look at the photo, and discuss the questions. 1 Whats the emergency? 2. What do you think has happened? 3 Doyou know any first ad skills? 'so, which ones? © ‘ou are going to listen to a radio report on haw two people reacted when faced with an emergency situation. Before listening, match each verb toa definition. 1 sprain a. C1 stop breathing because something is blocking your airway 2 collapse b_ C1 injure a joint, for example an ankle, due toa 2 cote. sudden movement ¢ C1 lose blood through a cut or wour 4 bleed dO fall down suddenly due to feeling sick or weak © [412.01 Now listen to the report and complete the table. Anmol Natasha What happened? | She saw someone (1). She was in a (6) Where? She was ina) woman started 10 (7) She hit the woman's hack alled an (3), ® times. the man (4) She put her (9) around the woman and squeezed. What did she do? Howdidshe | Shehas first aid lessons at _| She occasionally does know what to do? (9) 0) raining, Q Study the grammar box, then choose the correct option to complete the rules. ‘Second conditional; ifonly & wish [wncomar 2 Ifpeople drove more slowly, there would be fewer accidents. b /wouldn’t know about first aid if my parents weren't doctors. ¢ only! had more fee time. I vish my schoo! taught fist aid sks. ‘© Could you help ifyou saw someone in trouble? f Shemight get better grades in biology ifshe studied harder. ‘The Second conditional describes (1) imaginary /real situations or situations which are (2) likely /unlikelyn the future. To for the Second conditional, we use would in the (3) result clause /if-clause and the Past simplein the (6) result clause /if-clause We can sometimes replace would with (5) can /could or (6) may / might. When we want a present situation to be different we can use ifonly or wish, ‘These are followed by verbs in the (7) past/ present form. > Grammar reference & practice p. 264 Poa© Choose the correct options to complete this first aid advice. What would you dof you (1) saw/see someone in trouble in the street? Do you wish you (2) knew/know more about fist aid? Here area few tips First, don’t fee! that, just because you'te not a doctor, you can'thelp. fit (3) was / would be you in trouble, (4) didn’t / wouldn't you want someone just to hold your hand and sit with you? Stay calm and try not to panic. If you (6) found / might find someone who was unconscious, ie. you couldn't wake them up, you (6 frst / would fst need to check that their away (mouth and throat) was clear, that they were breathing and that they (7) have /had a heart beat. Look up ‘Airway, Breathing, Circulation = ABC first aid to find out more. fF you had a phone with you, the second thing to da (©) was / would be to call an ambulance Finally, do more than just read about it. (9) Can / Would you trust doctors if all their medical knowledge (10) was / would be from books? Find a centre near you where they teach fist aid. f someone's life was in your hands one day, you (11) might / would have to act fast. Don't leave yourself thinking: (12) 1f/Ifonly | was a fist sider! (MY PERSPECTIVE © Use the ideas below to write sentences using {wish /ifonly that are true for you. Compare your sentences with a partner. ‘+ an abilty/skill you'd like to be good at + agadaet you'd lke to have + something you'd ike to change about your school/ town/house + abad habit you'd like to stop CRITICAL THINKING @ Look at the infographic on the right about volunteering and discuss the questions in small groups. 1 Inyouropinion, which are the most important reasons for volunteering? 2 Apart from those listed, what other places or organisations might need volunteers? 3. Would you like to be a volunteer? Have you ever heen one? Where? 4 Some people think that young people don't have enough skills or experience so they shouldn't be volunteers What do you think? 5 you had to convince someone of the merits of volunteering, what would you tell them? animal shelters first aid helpers at events food banks and soup kitchens libraries and community centres conservation and clean up events learn valuable new skills meet interesting people and make new friends increase your confidence and self-esteem build up an impressive CV have lots of fun © Read the Citizenship box. Do the tasks individually or in pairs. CITIZENSHIP Participation in local communi Social integration isan important life kil, and volunteering is a way to connect with people from different backgrounds within a community. It can also help create bonds and shared identities, and offer a way to deal with social, environmental and other problems. Goonline and find out about the ways young people volunteer in your country 'b Choose one organisation and prepare a short presentation or infographic with details on the number of people involved, the activities and the benefits for the young people and the community Unité Superhuman 77Physical challenges SPEAKING & LISTENING Picture description Work in pairs. Look at the photos at the bottom of this and the next page and answer the questions. 1 Where were the photos taken? 2 What are the people doing in each photo? 3. How do you think they are feeling? Describing photos This photo shows The photo was taken On the right et, there's a Inthe background /foreground/ comer/ middle, we can see At the bottom /top, there are ‘Making guesses They look /seem ... (+ adjective) He looks like... (+ noun) Itlooks asf... phrase) Itrmust/ might be Being imprecise Its some sort/kind of... Tm not sure, butts bitte... © [41205] Listen to a student describing one of the photos. Which photo is he talking about: A, B, Cor D? © (812.05) Use an expression from the Functions box to complete the sentences. Then listen again and check he's sitting in the air. astatve. oon a busy street there are lots of people and buses. London, actually. lian see a child auaune The sentences below describe photo A. Copy the table and write them in the correct place. Then add more examples of your own. Maybe she's taking part in a competition or a show. She's wearing a colourful costume and no shoes. She doesn't look nervous but she’s concentrating hard on what she's doing, ‘She seems to be doing some kind of diffcult/ooking acrobatics, ‘She's got dark hair and looks like she might be Asian. Physical appearance Actions Location/event Clothes Feelings & emotions Work in pairs. Take turns to describe photo B or D. Make sure you include ‘each category from Ex. 4 Try to talk for about one minute. \Choose another photo from anywhere in this book. Tell your partner ‘which unit its in, Describe it and see if he/she can find it.WRITING An article describing a person You're going to read an article about a man who achieved incredible things during his lifetime. Which of the topics below do you think will be included? Dhis achievements O difficulties in his life Qhis childhood Dhis favourite hobbies. hit pearance Ohis education Read the article and check your answers to Ex.7. AMAN WITH NO LIMITS Born on the 300th anniversary of the death of another remarkable man, Galile invaluable contributions to the world of science and astronomy, wking was at determined and focused on his studies and research, Easiy-recognisable in his wheelchair with the speech generator t ried out groundbreaking work on the origins of the c nd space-time es. But he was aso able to make topies such as black holes interesting tothe ge ppropriately, The Big Bang Theory bic. He even appeared on TV in Fu Read the Writing Strategies box, then follow the instructions for the task below and write your article. Use your notes, and the article about [ WRITING STRATEGIES Planni Stephen Hawking to help you. When you are asked to write an article We're fooking for anicles about extraordinary people, + underline key words in the task you are given present or past. Who do you particularly admire, and + note an idea for each point or question arly why?it fameus person orsameane fom your + expand your ideas with an example, detail or fact. community Write and tellus about wat makes him or + putyour pointsin a logical order her so remarkable. + think ofa good title. You should do this after waiting the article, IF the topic isa real person or event, check your more than one source or website! Read some of your classmates’ articles. Who would you like to know more about?5&6 Consolidation & Certification ‘Grammar revision verb + sng /vetb + 1o;present& past modal verbs; modal verbs for deduction, Zero, Fst & Second conditional only & wish Vocabulary revision describing work, responsibilities and sils; the human body, ways of seeing; verbs describing ability VOCABULARY & WORD BUILDING © choose the correct option ‘St John Ambulance teaches thousands of volunteers inthe UK about first (1) techniques. Knowing what to do in an emergency situation can help 2 ives. Our training helps you (3) a problem immediately and it (4) you to deal ‘with even serious event lke a (5) attack until the ambulance service arrives on the scene. ‘Our volunteers often attend events like marathons, where someone may break a (6) or (7). ‘due to the heat or exhaustion. Other common injuries include cuts with severe (8) or @) ona piece of food. Another important thing is to leam how t0 (10) accidents from happening, so this is another part of our training, TAhelp Bald Csupport — Drescue 2Asave — Bprevent Crotice identity 3 Aglance Bobserve Crecognise _D know 4 Ales Benables Cstops prevents 5 Ablood Blung — Cbrain ~—-Dheart 6 Abone — Bskeleton Cmuscle blood vessel 7 Ableed sprain Ccollapse__D.choke 8 Abeating Bbleeding Chreathing D breaking 9 Aspraining Bdigesting Collapsing D choking 10 Ahelp allow Cspot = Dprevent © complete the text with the words in the box. ‘adverts application ‘experience career competitive interview job qualified temporary Top tips for job hunters The (1) market today is very @, Sot isn't always easy to find work Look atjob (3) innewespapers, online and in places ike shops and restaurants. Remember that a (4) position might lead toa permanent contract. Look outside your preferred industry and considera new sector or field where there might be better (5) prospects. Check that you are (6) and have the right . for the role. Remember that your letter of 8) isaway 10 sell ourself and get invited for an (9), 80 Units 586 Consolidation & Certification GRAMMAR © choose the correct option. 1. Ohno! ve forgotten to-do /doing my homework! 2 Doyou remember to. go/going on your first school wip? 3 | wouldn't /didn’t do that if would be / were you it looks a bit dangerous 4 Julian tried to help /helping the injured bird. 5 Please stop to ask / asking for more time for the project. The deadline is Friday 6 | wish/ wane | could sing really well. 'd love towin a talent show. 7 The answer must /can‘t be correct now: ve checked it three times. 8 |fonly | have/ had enough money to buy that moped! © Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the fist one. 1 Gall succeeded in getting a job in a dot.com company. Gail get ajob in a dotcom company. 2. tsa pity that | can't swim. This means | can't go on the sailing tip. | swim! Then | could go on the sailing tip. 3 Dad drove me to the match soit wasn’t necessary for ime to take the bus, Ididn't take the bus to the match because Dad drove me there. 4 The party will bea disaster unless we plan it now. The party willbe a disaster if we. itnow. 5 Duting the university tour, we couldn't visit the labs. We weren't the university tour. 6 Gloria is my fiend so |help her with her homework | Gloria with her homework if she wasn't my frend visit the labs duringLISTENING °e {sten to three conversations and ‘choose the correct option. - Conversation 1 - Two friends are discussing their plans for the summer. 1._During the summer, the boy is going to work as a A. children’s entertainer B waiter © dishwasher. 2 The two friends would lke to A swap places B keep in touch C eat good food, Conversation 2 ~ A womans telling her friend about an accident she had. 3. The woman has broken her A ankle. B toe C wrist, 4 She has had a lot of accidents because she A isn't very careful B often qoes horse riding, C tides a motorbike, a r Conversation 3 ~ Some friends are preparing for amusic competition with their band. 5. Lukes ate for band practice because A he forgot to set his alarm. B he didn't remember about it. C there is lots of traffic. 6 According to the boy, the band doesn't A practise often enough B_ have enough songs ta play. have enough money. REAL ENGLISH © [choose the best work experience (A-D) for students, Richard, Marta and Helen. There is one extra job. WORK EXPERIENCE OPPORTUNTIES: February IN CENTRAL LIBRARY The library has a small team of workers. You will need to help the public with requests for books and give them basic instructions on how to use a computer for Internet searches. Keeping the shelves in order is also expected VETERINARY SURGERY | This ob requires a lot of physical work and if you don't like animals itisn’t the job for you. You will be mainly looking after the animals pre-and post-operation, as well as answering the phone in the reception. MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY This ob involves helping a team to set up a new ‘Mesopotamia exhibition. You'll have to upload photos and texts to the museum website. This s excellent experience if youare looking fora cateer as an exhibitions organiser, ‘museum curator or archaeologist. LAWFIRM (One ofthe largest law firms in the town has agreed to hhave four students on work experience placements. Candidates must have basic word processing kills and {good attention to detail and spelling, There might also be some work with calculations and invoices. lease contact Mrs Pierce for details on how to apply for these placements. Richard's Marta hes 4 best subjects already had i are Computer some work La science and experience T Maths. Heis with an online company. hard-working, but quite This time she'd prefer to reserved. He doesn't know what he'd lke to do in the future, so he islooking fora general, subjects are English and Vatied office experience. Geography, but she isn’t Job keen on Maths. Job. be part ofa team and have more contact with people. Her favourite 3 Helen enjoys Art and History. She isn’t very confident with a computer, but she loves photography. Her dream would be to run her ‘own gallery. She spent her last work placement at an animal shelter, but didn't enjoy seeing animals suffering. Job Units 586 Consolidation & Certification 81READING on Read the article and choose the correct option. BILLY WHIZZ After a devastating crash in April 2017 when he was only 17, which led to the amputation of the lower part of both his legs, English racing driver Billy Monger took less than ten months to return to the driving seat of a racing car. Billy's love for racing started at the age of 3 when, thanks to his dad, he got into go-karting. The passion continued in the Ginetta junior racing championship, tone of the UX's most prestigious and longest running junior car- racing competitions. Later in 2016, he debuted in the British Formula 4 where he finished in twelfth position at the end of the championship and was nicknamed Billy Whizz by many journalists. It was during his second F4 season that the high-speed crash happened at Donnington. With no time to react, Billy collided with a car that had stopped on the track in front of him. Despite the amputation, he was determined to start racing again as quickly as possible. This resolve and strength of character is reminiscent of the Italian ex Formula 1 driver, Alex Zanardi, He too had both legs amputated after a horrific crash while racing, but competed in the world touring car championship a year and a half after the accident. Later, Zanardi also took up hand cycling and has won several Paralympic gold medals since then in Formula 3, he had t positions, was on the pc However Billy's dreams don’ Ten months after his accident, illy with Formula 3 In anit was testing a specially modified Formula 3 car for the team Carlin He had managed to convince the FIA (Fédération internationale de Automobile) to allow a disabled driver to compete in a single- seater car. In his first season spohieve nik iss 1 Before the Formula 4 championship, Billy Monger ‘A had had no previous experience of racing. B_ had won a prestigious junior competition Chad only raced with go karts D had raced in one form or another since he was a child 2 The crash happened because of A. Billy’ inexperience in Formula 4 racing, B__acolision which was impossible to avoid. the fact Billy was driving too fast D the other drivers slow reaction, 3. Billy can be compared with Zanardi because they ‘A. are successful Formula 1 drivers. B_ were not at fault for the accidents th: share the same kind of determination with difficulties, D_ have both taken part in competitions for disabled athletes. happened. nen faced 82. Units 5&6 Consolidation & Certification 4 The FIA ‘A. allowed Billy o race ina single-seater car. B didn't allow Billy to use a specially adapted car. C believed that disabled drivers shouldn'trace inF3 thought it was too soon after Billys accident to start racing 5. Which statement about Billy's future is true? A Hels unlikely to be able to race in Formula 1 due to his disability B_ He doesn’t want to continue racing after Formula 4 He knows he has to be better to win and reach his objectives. D_ He believes that becoming a Formula 1 driver will be easy5&6 Presentation Skills ORGANISING A TALK Using repetition o Read and listen to part ofa talk by Susannah, a life coach. What is the purpose of her talk? ‘A. To tell young people that they must find out what they are good at now. B To show that talented people are more successful in life C To convince young people of their worth and their abilities. 44 The message | want to get across to you today is that you are amazing and that you can do anything, | know you probably hear this kind of thing from many people and it isn't always easy to believe. But trust me. Each one of you is amazing. Each one of you has a skill. Each one of you has a talent, a gift. You might not know what itis yet and it isn’t always clearly recognisable or easy to define, ike ‘'m a talented singer’ or ‘I can make incredible cakes’ It might be your empathy, your eye for detail or your sense of humour. And one day, you'll discover it. You can be your awn superhero. You can make a difference. You can go places. And, believe me, one day you will. 9 © Read the Competences box. Then discuss the questions with the class. ee gated 1. How can using repetition be positive n a presentation? Can you think of any possible problems? We often think that repetition can 2. Which repetition techniques in the Competences box has Susannah used in| be boring, but ifyou use repetition her presentation? Give examples. carefully asa stylistic device ina talk, 3. Doyou think they are effective? itcan be powerful and help to get your message across. You can © Form expressions that you can use if you want to repeat something inatalk. | . sepeat important words (and their 1 Letme a Cbefore. synonyms) oath . + repeat the same words at the start 2 tm just going b C1 through the key points again, Sirihe ecion aval sueave 3 Recapping onthe point «C1 to repeat that. sentences 4 Aslsaid d (made earlier + repeat your key points and ideas aren fe Cieyteracn at different stages of your talk YOUR TALK Work in pairs. Choose a topic below and discuss which repetition techniques would work best. Prepare a short presentation to give to the class. ‘+ Why students shouldn't) get ajob during the summer holidays ‘+ Why schools should(nt) teach practical subjects as well as academic ones ‘+ Why young people should) do some volunteer work in their free time Qn pages 8485 you will watch a TED Talk. While you watch, pay attention to words and expressions that the speaker repeats. Think about why she does this and how effective itis, Units 5&6 Presentation Skis 83TEDTALKS Deep sea diving ... ina wheelchair [VV ie] and jc exciting n SLY ABOUT THE SPEAKER AUTHENTIC LISTENING SKILLS Read about the TED Talk speaker, Sue Austin. How does she feel about being ina wheelchair? words and phrases help us follow the speaker's Sue Austinis 2 multimedia, performance and installatio argument. For example: aftist who makes videos and other public, groundbreaking | Leaning to play the game was dificult However, le works of art fn very A, That's why | decided to c¢ Through her wor challenges people's assumptions about disebilty and shows them in a new perspective, GEZGH) Read the Authentic Listening Skills box. redefining the popular notion of disability Then read and listen to an extract from the TED Talk. Underline the words that help you follow the he has created spectacles that stop people thinking of argument. 1 wheelchair asa symbol of restriction, and begin to When I started using new freedom .« But -dom, people's make more positive associations with it iat a wheelchair doesn’t have to mean just ‘disability’: according to experience, it can be an exhilarating ne experience the world. Sue's idea worth spreading is ards me ... As a result, |knew Ir tories about this experien 2 narratives to and (21205) Listen and complete two more extracts. Key WORDS 1 | began to dive, 1005, | realized scuba gear extends your range of y in just the Match the words in bold in the text to the meanings. a = events, exhibitions or shows —<——_______ b wonder what'll happen if put the two together 2F ne wheelchair becomes a vehicle for ‘ ransformatic d way of thinking about something - e feelings connected to something hat because nobody's seen or heard of an underwater wheelchair before, .... now you have this concept your mind 84 Units 586 TED TalkWATCH THE TALK CB watch Part 1 ofthe talk. Are these statements true (or false (F)? 1 At first, Sue did't enjoy her wheelchair Oo 2 Other people felt that wheelchairs were a sign ofa lack of freedom ie read a story that helped her to differen 3 (watch Part 2. choose the correct option Sue tried happiness / strength as well as freedom 2. She used her wheelchair to create music visual art 3 Th 7 excited / surprised 4 Sue wanted people to associate wheelchairs with, excitement and adventure / the underwater world. ys the underwater video to show how the wheelchair works / amazing her journey has been, nunicate 10k in Sue's work (3 watch part 3. which results of her underwater adventures does Sue mention? to challenge themselves. air users can now wheelchair uy an underwater 4 She has experienced physical freedom. s art makes people think about wheelchairs in a tive way SPST B As: MY PERSPECTIVE Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. + What ideas about wheelchairs and wheelchair users did you + Didi your ideas? How? What other activities, which free’ tions about wheelchairs, implants and ody parts? Think about Sue, Michael Chorost Hugh Herr (page 75). Sue says that when people see her art they think: ‘ifyou can do that, | can do anything.’ Think of a challenge or goal that you would like toachieve, or have been intending to do, for example: + tryanew sport oractivity + change your study method + do something to help others. IF Sue can dive underwater in a wheelchair, can you do your ‘anything’? Units 586 TEDTalk 85al Money makes the world-go round. ——_ i (Quote made famous in a song from the 1972 musical, Cabaret) — > Sep UEscs firs "+ What do you think this quote means? In what way is money important for the world? ‘And for you? 1Do people give too much importance to money and wealth nowadays? i = si Melle > talk about alternatives to buying new things > talk about services in our towns and cities 86 > read about people who spent no money fora year > writean announcementReda Ecr og ain) VOCABULARY Money & shopping Work in groups. Discuss the questions. 1. What's the biggest market in your area? What can you buy there? 2. What have you spent money on recently? What do you enjoy buying? 3. When you are choosing what to buy, do you think about these things? + cost + the company you are buying it from + quality ‘+ whether itis a famous company name + whereitwasmade —_» whatit is made of Work in pairs. Read the quotes from UK teenagers and check you understand the words in bold. Discuss which quotes you identify most with, J] Vm careful what spend my money on. don't waste ion stuf Gone Need) | spend time shopping around online. | always ty to geta good deal’ 5] ‘My parents lend me money if need to borrow some. They know I'l pay them back: [Cd “always visita shop fit’ having a sale. | love browsing for bargains. Le 7 EEifsomething | wants on special offer | buy it quickly in case itsells out! — g | don't mind paying more for things if theyre fashionable = Logos on clothes are worth a lotto me Ei ‘fl get a present that | don't lke, try to take it back and get a refund Complete the texts with the words in the box. Whose attitude to money and shopping is better, in your opinion: Sarah's or Dan's? bargains brands browsing lending money pay refunds sa sells shop special offers spending Sarah:| try to get the best deal | can, by waiting for (1) on the things | need, and | always (2) around. Uhate buying things then finding them in a (3) inother shops. if that happens, | take them back and ask for a (4) ____. People who spend more on famous (5)___are silly~ i's such a waste of (—__! Dan: Money's for (7) not saving. Why waste half your life looking for (8) ____? love shopping, and I spend hours (9) —____ in clothes shops, but | don't worry if| don’t get the cheapest deal before it (10) _____out I'm pretty generous too: Im always (11), money to my friendsifthey need it and I don't mind if they don’t (12) __ me back Its only money! We spend, waste, borrow and lend money, but what else can we do with it? {In pairs, think of a definition for each verb below. Then compare your definitions with the class. donate ean inherit invest owe sa win Unit7 Shopping around 877A Alternative shopping BEFORE YOU LISTEN © Work in pairs. Which of these places for shopping have you heard of? Do they exist where you live and have you ever used them? second-hand market stall + charity shop scar-boot sale/yard sale farmers’ market LISTENING 2) Listen to three people talking about alternatives to traditional shopping. Which speaker(s), ‘Susan, Freddie or Karen: 1 talk about products that aren't new? and 2. describes a kind of shopping that i fiee? 3 has convinced someone else to shop in a different way? 4 has never done the kind of shopping that he / she describes? 3] Now listen again and choose the correct option. 1 Because Susan buys second-hand clothes, she gets strange looks / bargains. 2 Inher opinion, second-hand clothes can be quite expensive / good qualtty 3 In some places you can bortow an item instead of buying /renting it. 4 Things in these shops are donated by local companies Zeustomers 5 Transporting food a long way often increases the price ‘damages the environment. 6 A problem with buying food be the lack of variety “quality. tly from farms might MY PERSPECTIVE © Discuss the questions with the class. 1 What do you think of the system of borrowing items? Does it exist where you live? 2 Which ofthese things would you consider buying second-hand? + artfor your bedroom «clothes and shoes + books or magazines sports equipment +phones/ computers «presents for ather people 3 Does Vintage’ sound better than ‘second-hand’? Why? 8B Unit 7 Shopping around GRAMMAR The passive (all tenses) @ Read the sentences (a-b) and answer the questions. a Adriver delivers the food fram the farm to our door. b The foods delivered from the farm to our door 1 What tense are both sentences? 2 Whats the subject of sentence a? What is the object? 3 Whats the subject of sentence b? ‘© What tense or verb form is each passive sentence in the grammar box? These books have been sold all over the world. b Wel-made things can be found inthis shop. These clothes weren't thrown away. The things in the shop are donated by customers. @ Iain’ receive my online order because it had been sent tothe wrong address More second-hand things are being bought online ocay than ever before 9. Sites lke eBay will be used by more people in the future fh Clothes must be washed before you donate them to charity shops. > Grammar reference & practice p. 266