HAEF IB - MATH HL

TEST 7
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
by Christos Nikolaidis
Marks: ____/80

Name:____________________________________ Grade: ____ %

Date: 8 – 11 – 2016

Questions

1. [Maximum mark: 6]
A Math HL class consists of 11 students, four named Alex and seven with completely
different names.
(a) Find the number of ways the 11 students can sit in a row if all four students
named Alex sit next to each other. [2 marks]
(b) The students write their first name on a card. Find the number of ways that the
11 cards can be put in a row [2 marks]
(c) A 5-member committee has to be chosen at random from the class. Find the
probability that the students named Alex constitute the majority in this
committee. [2 marks]

2. [Maximum mark: 4]

Consider the grades of 11 students in a math test. The mean is 6.36 (in 3sf), the
median is 7, the range is 2 and the interquartile range is 1. Find the eleven grades.

3. [Maximum mark: 6]

In an IB School, 30% of the Math HL students also attend Economics SL, while 40%
of the Economics SL students also attend Math HL. It is also known that 42% of the
students attend neither Math HL nor Economics SL. Show that the events “Math HL
student” and “Economics SL student” are independent.

1
4. [Maximum mark: 5]
A Math HL class consists of 11 students. Two of them attend Further Math as well.
The probability that a Further Math student is absent in a Math HL class is 8% while
this probability for each of the remaining students falls to 5%. Given that a student is
absent in a math HL class on Tuesday morning, find the probability that the student is
not a Further Math student.

5. [Maximum mark: 6]
Nikos spent a whole day with his 3D printer to produce six discs, identical in all
respects except color, namely 1 white, 2 black and 3 red discs,. Manos showed a
preference for the black discs while Dimitra for the red ones. Then Nikos suggested
the following game to Manos and Dimitra: “Manos, you first, pick a disc at random. If
it is your favorite color you get it, otherwise place it back. Then, Dimitra, the same
applies to you. Carry on until one of you wins their favorite color”.

(a) Find the probability that Manos wins in his second trial. [2 marks]

(b) Find the probability that Manos wins the game and deduce whether Nikos’s game
is fair. [4 marks]

6. [Maximum mark: 10]

The time taken for Alex Hatz to come to school is normally distributed with mean 30
min and standard deviation 7 min.

(a) Given that Alex leaves his home at 8:05, find the probability that he will be late at
school (i.e. he arrives after 8:30, when lessons start!) [1 mark]
[2 marks]
(b) If Alex wishes to be on time (i.e. before 8:30) at least 90% of the days. Find the [2 marks]
time he should leave home every day. [2 marks]

The time taken for another student, called Ioannis, to come to school is also normally [3 marks]
distributed with mean 30 min and standard deviation σ.
[2 marks]
(c) Given that Ioannis leaves his home at 8:02, and is late 60% of the morning
classes, find the standard deviation σ. [3 marks]
(d) For a particular 5-days week, Ioannis leaves his home at 7:59. Find the probability
that he is on time at least twice. [3 marks]

2
7. [Maximum mark: 7]
Consider again that legendary Math HL class consisting of 11 students with four them
named Alex. The math teacher suddenly forgot the names of the students and decided
to select students at random until he finds a student whose name is not Alex. Let the
variable X denote the number of students selected.

(a) Write down the possible values of X. [1 mark]

(b) Find E(X). [4 marks]
(c) Find Var(X). [2 marks]

8. [Maximum mark: 6]
Dimitris is repeatedly throwing a plastic bottle of water on his desk with a hope to see
the bottle standing upright. But a simple statistical analysis shows that he fails nine
out of ten times.

(a) Find the probability that in his following 20 attempts he will fail at most 18 times. [3 marks]
(b) Find the least number of trials needed so that the probability to succeed at least 3
times is more than 0.2 [3 marks]

9. [Maximum mark: 10]

In the official IB documents the word “reflection” appears once every two pages on
average! You may assume that the frequency of this word follows a Poisson
distribution.
(a) Find the probability that a three page IB document contains the word “reflection”
at least once. [2 marks]
(b) Given that the word “reflection” appears at least once in a three page IB
document, find the probability that it appears at most 5 times. [2 marks]
(c) The probability that an IB CAS brochure contains the word “reflection” exactly 10
times is 0.1104 (to 4dp). Find the number of pages of the brochure. [3 marks]
(d) If you are given eight different pages of an IB document find the probability that
exactly three of them do not contain the word “reflection”. [3 marks]

3
10. [Maximum mark: 11]
The time T (in minutes) that Philip can remain silent (not even wispering!) during a
Math HL course is random with probability density function given by
0.2e −0.2t , t≥0
f (t ) = 
 0 otherwise
b
(a) Find ∫ f (t )dt and explain why f can be a pdf.
0
[3 marks]

(b) Find the probability that Philip will remain silent for at least two minutes. [2 marks]
(c) Write down an expression for E (T ) ; use your GDC to estimate its value. [3 marks]
(d) Find the exact value of the median of T in the form ln a , where a ∈ Z [3 marks]

11. [Maximum mark: 9]

A Math HL class consists of n students. The mean of their scores in a math test is
75%. A friend of Petros from another section of the school called “Eniaio” asks him
about his score but Petros does not reveal it. He simply says:
“If you remove my score, which is a %, the new mean will be 73%”

(a) Show that a − 2 n = 73 .

[3 marks]

But Petros, who likes mathematical puzzles, continues:

“the sum of the two digits of my score is 14 but remember that
math HL classes have more than 4 students”

(b) Find Petros’s score and the size of the class. [2 marks]
(c) The variance of the scores is 78.7. Show that the new variance, if you remove
Petros’s score, is 42.6 (approximately). [4 marks]

Disclaimer:
The characters and events in this paper are fictitious. Any apparent similarity to real persons
is not intended by the author and is either a coincidence or the product of your own
imagination."