'/f^-

THE LIBRARY
OF
THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA
LOS ANGELES
 CATALOGUE
OF THE

SILVER PLATE
(GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND ROMAN)
IN THE

BRITISH MUSEU!

H. B. WALTERS, M.A., F.S.A, O.B.E.,

DErl'TY-KEEI'ER (IE IHE liEPAK IMENT OF GREEK AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES.

LONDON :

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 An
Library

PREFACE.

The present Catalogue of Silver Plate deals with a section of the collections of

the British Museum not hitherto illustrated or described in detail. Its exact

scope is defined by Mr. Walters at the beginning of the Introduction.

The Catalogue is the work of Mr. H. B. Walters, Deputy-Keeper of Greek

and Roman Antiquities. The proofs have been read by Mr. E. J. Forsdyke, and

Mr. F. N. Pryce, and by myself Mr. Reginald Smith, of the Department of

British and Mediaeval Antiquities, has given assistance in the cataloguing of the

silver objects found in this' country.

A. H. SMITH.

July I, 1921.

a 2

G98944
 —

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Preface ....
Table of Contents
Page
iii

V
.

List of Plates vii

Introduction :

Silver-working in Antiquity : Technical Processes X

Historical Development of the Art xiii

Scale for converting Millimetres into English Inches xxiv

CATALOGUE.
Orientalising Period (i) . I

Greek Silver-Work (2-18) . I

Etruscan Silver-Work (19-25) 6

Roman Silver-Work (26-241)

1. Statuettes (26-61) .
7

2. Reliefs (62-71) 14

3. Vases (72-93) . 16

4. Miscellaneous Objects (94-118) 26

5. Silver Treasures (119-223) 31

6. Votive Objects (224-241) .

55

Index 65
 LIST OF PLATES.

Plate I. Archaic Reliefs from Perugia (2-4)

,, II, Bowls of 3rd cent. B.C. from Eze (8-9)
„ III. Greek Silver Vases ( 10-15)
IV. Silver objects from the tomb of Seianti Haiumia (21-25)
„ V. Roman Statuettes (29, ^2, 34, 49)
VI. Roman Statuettes (27, 28, 30, 32, 35, 55)

„ VII. Roman Silver- Work (7, 26, 43, 64)

„ VIII. Embossed Patera and Mirror-case {yy, 70)

„ IX. Trulla: Mars and Rea Silvia {y^i}
„ X. -Situla of Augustan Period The Seasons (74)
:

„ XI. Bowl and Situla Augustan Period (82, 74)

:

,, XII. Roman Silver Vases (72, y6)

XIII. „ (78-80, 133)
XIV. Dish from Mileham, Norfolk (87)
„ XV. Lamp from Switzerland: mirror from Bulgaria (115, 106)
„ XVI. Brusa Treasure (i 19-122, 124)
„ XVII. Arcisate Treasure (126-129)
„ XVIII. Chatuzange Treasure : Bowl (132)
„ XIX. Chatuzange Treasure : TruUae (135,136)
„ XX. -Caubiac Treasure : Patera (137)
XXI.
„ XXII. Caubiac Treasure (138-140)
„ XXIII. Chaource Treasure (144-146)
XXIV. „ (147, 172)
XXV. „ (148, 170)
XXVI. „ (171)
XXVII. „ (150, 16S)

„ XXVIII. „ (154, 155)

XXIX. „ (151, 159. 160, 169)
XXX. „ (153, 164, 173^176'
 INTRODUCTION.

This Catalogue comprises the principal objects in silver of the classical period contained
in the Departments of Greek and Roman, and British and Mediaeval, Antiquities. The
smaller objects which come under the heading of jewellery or personal ornaments have
already been described in the Catalogue of Finger-Rings (1907) and Catalogue of Jewellery
(1911), and are therefore omitted from the present work. It consequently includes :

(i) Works of art in silver, such as statuettes and reliefs. (2) Silver implements and utensils,

such as we should now-a-days regard as coming under the heading of " silver plate."
These include several " treasures " or table-services of silver found chiefly on Gaulish sites
in France, or in Britain, of which the most noteworthy is the Chaource treasure (Nos.
144-182) comprising no less than thirty-nine pieces. (3) Votive objects, such as the
tablets dedicated to Jupiter Dolichenus (Nos. 224-226). The great majority of these silver
objects belong to the Roman period. Silver was not largely worked in the earlier periods of
Greek art, and it was not until the Hellenistic Age that craftsmen in this metal came into
any prominence. But in the succeeding Graeco-Roman period, with the great increase
of luxury, metal rapidly supplanted earthenware for use at table and in other conditions
of daily life, at least among the well-to-do.
Some account of the circumstances under which the " treasures " were found is prefixed
to the descriptions in the Catalogue, vis., of the Macon treasure (p. 8) ; the Caubiac
treasure (p. 25) ; the Chaource treasure
(p. 38) the Backworth, Capheaton, and
;

Coleraine treasures (pp. 46, 48, 52). The Macon, Caubiac, and Capheaton treasures
were acquired by the Museum from the Payne Knight bequest in 1824 the others by ;

purchase. The silver objects found in the United Kingdom are all in the Department
of British and Mediaeval Antiquities, as are also several " treasures " which are not included
in this Catalogue, being of the Christian Era, and comprising objects of a definitely Christian
character. Of these the most famous is the Esquiline treasure found at Rome in 1793,
which includes a casket with domed cover, embossed with figures of the Muses, an oblong
casket with bridal scenes and mythological figures, known as the Casket of Projecta, a
flask with embossed designs, and several dishes and spoons in all, fifty-seven objects.
;

Although this treasure dates from about the end of the fourth century, the classical
influence is still strongly shown. Another treasure was found at Carthage, and consists
of bowls, dishes, and spoons, and a third was acquired in 1899 from a monastery near
Kerynia on the north coast of Cyprus, the objects belonging to the sixth century. These
treasures are all fully described by Mr. O. M. Dalton in his Catalogue of Early Christian
Antiquities in the British Museum (1901).
 X CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

SILVER-WORKING IN ANTIQUITY.
I.—TECHNICAL PROCESSES.
The rarity of silver-work in early times, as compared with gold-work, is due to natural
causes. Gold was found almost everj'where, but silver could only be mined from mountains
(cf. Pliny, Hist. Nat. xxxiii. 95), and obtained with great difficulty. In Egj'pt it was
for a long period hardly in use, and it ranked even more highly than gold. The Phoenicians
however, made it more generalh' known all over the East, and thus silver came to be
" nothing accounted of in the days of Solomon " (2 Chron. ix. 20). Similarly they
extended its use in Greece before the silver mines of Laurion were discovered. In Italy
it was always rare until Asiatic luxury made its influence felt and the Spanish mines began

to furnish copious supplies. The Greeks of the Classical period obtained their silver chiefly
from Northern India, Colchis, Lydia, and Mount Pangaeus in Thrace, and above all,
down to the end of the fifth century, from Laurion.' In the Western Mediterranean,
Spain supplied first Carthage, then Rome, and another source was Sardinia.
Silver mineswereknownas dpyvpela ordpyvpeia fjieTaWa (argentariae,metalla argentaria).
The mines started by Hannibal in Spain were still working in Pliny's day, and remains
of them exist now, as also do remains of the mines at Laurion. The ore when extracted
was washed and sifted in order to separate it from the lead, the process being repeated
five times it was then smelted in order to get rid of all the lead, so that the silver came out
;

pure. The silver was then tested on red-hot shovels {cf. Pliny's account below). Remains
of smelting-ovens have been found in the Pyrenees.
Pliny deals at some length with the characteristics of this metal, and its use for various
purposes. He tells us that it is only found in pits, and is not easily distinguished as gold
is by its sparkling particles. It can only be extracted when it is combined with lead ore,
which is usually associated with the veins of silver. The application of fire causes the silver
to float on the surface of the lead like oil on M-ater. Silver is found in all parts, but the
finest comes from Spain, in spite of the barren and mountainous character of that country,
and here the presence of one vein is a sure sign of another,^ but usually the appearance of
alum in the soil betokens the cessation of the veins of silver. The uppermost vein is always
known as " raw silver " (crudaria).^ Pliny goes on to mention the methods of testing the
quality of the ore by placing it over burning wood on an iron shovel. The best silver
then remains white, the next best quality becomes red, and the inferior turns black. He
also mentions the familiar test of breathing on a polished surface.*

These mines were closed in 413 B.C., and reopened in 340 B.C., but with little success.
'

"
He derives the Greek word fifToWnv, a mine, from this circumstance ((utrA &\hov,
' one after
another " but compare rather the Homeric nfraWav, to search).
;

' Hist. Nat. xxxiii.

95, sqq. The full text is as follows: Non nisi in puteis repcritur, nullaque spe sui
nascitur, nuUis ut in auro luccntibus scintillis. Terra est alias rubra, alias cineracea. Excoqui non potest,
nisi cum plumbo niRroaut cum venaplumbi galenam (" lead ore ") vocant, quae iuxta argenti vcnaspler-
;

umquc repcritur. Et eodcm opere ignium disccdit pars in plumbum, argcntum autcm innatat supcrneut
oleum aquis. Repcritur in omnibus pacnc provinciis. .sed in Hispania pulccrrimum, id quoque in stcril
solo atque etiam montibus, et ubicumquc una invcnta vena est, non procul invenitur alia. . . Argenti
.

vena in summo reperta crudaria appcllatur. Knis antiquis fodicndi solcbat esse alumen invcntum,
ultra nihil quafrcbatur. Nupcr invcnta aeris vena infra alumen nullam fmem spci fecit.
'
Jbid. § 127 Argenti duae differentiae. Vatillis fcrreis candentibus ramento imposito quod candidum
:

pcrmancat probatur. Proxima bonitas rufo, nulla nigro . . est aliquod experimcntum politi et in
.

halitu hominis, si sudet protinus nubemque disculiat.

 INTRODUCTION. XI

Silver, like gold and copper, lends itself to being worked either with a hammer or by
being beaten into thin plates for the production of decoration in relief or hollowed out.
These processes were largely applied to silver vessels for purposes of luxury or ornament,
gold being used more for ornaments and jewellery, bronze for implements of all kinds.
They include repousse work, stamping, chasing, or engraving, the metal being either
worked in a single piece or in separate pieces united by soldering. The Greeks used for
these processes the general term TopevriKi], which, however, literally signifies drilling
rather than chasing (from ropeveiv, The corresponding Latin term is
lit., to bore).
caelatura, derived from caelum, a from caedere, " cut ")
chisel [caed-lum this also was ;

used generally to include the various processes. There were, however, two specific
Greek words in use for special processes. The method practised in early times of using
beaten metal plates riveted together was known as a^vpy^Karov but this is more usually ;

found in bronze work. Repousse work, or a design beaten out {excudere) with a hammer,
was termed efnraicTTiKyj this seems to have been employed at all periods. The design
;

might be either beaten from the outside on a model, or from the inside, but the latter
method was more usually employed. It was rather a mechanical than an artistic process,
as the design was previously marked oixt by a sketch. It was usually only applied to parts
of vases, but sometimes whole vases were formed by beating up one malleable plate of
metal.
The general wrought out with the hammer, the details were
outlines having been
executed with finer tools. The ancients brought this method to an extraordinary pitch
of perfection (compare the thinness and high relief of the Siris bronzes). It was employed
not only for silver vessels, but generally for relief work, e.g., for the decoration of furniture.

The reliefs from Perugia (Nos. 2-4) are an early instance of its use in the case of finer
examples, but for such purposes bronze was more commonly employed.
Silver was also used for sculpture in the round in the form of statuettes, of which
Nos. 26-56 in this Catalogue are examples, the process employed being the same as for
bronze.^ But except in the case of statuettes, sculptured work in silver is comparatively
rare. In the form of sigilla, or figures in the round attached to vases (see below) the chief
examples are two bowls from Boscoreale,' of the type known as paterae clipeatae, from their
resemblance to a circular shield (clipeus) with its central boss, and a vase at Munich
representing Trojan captives.^ I f^
In regard to vessels of silver, a distinction must be made between metal vessels all in
one piece with the decoration, and those in which the reliefs {avd'yXv<pa, anaglypta)
were made separately and applied. In the first case they were either cast or hammered
from a plate, the casting being done from a wax model or mould, as in the case of statuettes.
Circular surfaces such as the backs of mirror-cases or the feet of vessels were often finished
off on a lathe [tornus).*' In small objects imperfections in the casting process were made
good by chasing with a tool called a caelum {ropci), of which numerous varieties were
in use, differing in form according to the purpose for which they were employed. The

'
See Cat. of Bronzes, p. xxxi. ff.
= Monutn. Piot, v. pis. i, 2.
= Antiquarium No. 647*.
'
See Pernice in Oesterr. Jahreshefte, viii. {1905), p. 53.
 —

Xll CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE

method of using the caelum is clearh^ shown in a painting from Pompeii representing a
man chasing a helmet.'
When the reUef was beaten out of a plate (the term for which is eK/cpoveiv, excudere),
the ri;/>o!»ss/ process was employed, with the use of a hammer or punch, or else the work
was done on a mould, and the details finished off by chasing. Most of the existing silver
vessels belong to the latter category, the decorations being known as emhlemata or crustae.
Reliefs are also called emblemata or sigilla where they are carved like sculpture (iyKoXuTrreiv,
exsculpere) and made separately and fixed on to the vessels, as in the case of the paterae
clipeatae found at Boscoreale (see above) of such sigilla the head of a Roman lady in this
;

collection (No. 26) is a fine example. Cicero speaks of a bowl with admirable figures attached
which Verres tore awa}', lea\ang the plain vessel.^
These emblemata were let in [ifi^uWetv, inserere, infigere) to the vase, whereas crustae
were thin beaten plates applied [illigare) to the surface hy soldering. This appliquf process
is, however, more usual in the case of gold ornaments {auro illuminare). The distinction
between emhlemata and crustae should be carefully observed, though the words were
frequently used as equivalents (but cf. Cic. In Verr. iv., 23, 52 " crustae a«/ emblemata ").^
Among other processes employed in connexion with silver-work maj' be mentioned
(i) the use of gilding in order to get effects of contrast. Objects thus ornamented are
mentioned in the inventories of the Acropolis temples at Athens ()(pvcrd kuI inrdpyvpa,
etc.).* This was also a favourite practice with the Romans, and MartiaP speaks of vessels
called chrysendeta. (2) The use of niello (derived from late Lat. opus nigellnm), a kind of

enamelling by means of a compound of silver, copper, and sulphur, with which inlaid
patterns are produced in a black colour, or else the background is covered with black,
the design being left in the plain metal {of. Nos. 90, 91)." The mixture was produced by
smelting, the sulphur giving it the black colour, and the design was coated with it, being
fixed by the action of heat after it was cooled, the black was removed from the surface
;

where it was not required. The process is not often found except in metal-work of the
Roman period there are two good examples in this collection in the two ink-pots
;

referred to above, where the background is in niello and the design in silver plating..
(3) Leaf-silver {brattea argentea] was also employed to silver over other substances, and
there was, for instance, a class of fictile vases made in Campania about the second century
B.C., which bear traces of having been gilded or silvered over.' Athenacus (xi. 480 E)
speaks of vases made in Naukratis in the shape of shallow bowls with four car-handles
which were dipped to give them the appearance of silver {^ivn-rovrai ek to lioKcip elvai
(ipyvpai.) (4) Stamping from a die. This is a process which is confined to the

'
Ilolbig, W ar.dgemiilde
Campaniens, p. 290, No. 1318 c; Bluemner, np. cit. iv., p. 264 Darembcrg ;

and Caclatura, p. 791, fiR. 942.

Sacjlio, s.v.
• In Vetrem, iv. 22 48: " patcllam in qua signa erant egregia. Iste
, sigillis avulsis, rcliquum . . .

argentum reddidit."
' Darembcrg and Saglio, ibid., p. 801. Tiberius objected to the use of the Greek form f^/SATj/uo (Suet.
Tib. 71).
' Bril. Mus. Jnscr., 29; Boeckh, C.I.Gr., 151.
' ii.,
43, 1 1 : 53, 5 : vi. 94, I ; xiv. 97.
* See Bluemner, Technulogie, iv. p. 267.
'
Sec Ann. dell' Insl., 1871, p. 5 fT. and Cat. of Vases, iv. p. 25. ; Compare also the vases of the potter
Libertus (l)cchclctte, Vases Ornrs de la Gaule liomaine, i. p. 229).
 INTRODUCTION. xiii

making of silver coins, being an obviously convenient process where multiplied repro-
ductions of a single type were required.
The usual Greek term for a silversmith is ap'yvpoK6iTo<;, which, however, implies
working only in one method, viz. i^i-naiaTiKi). The Romans used jaher argeniarius
generally, and argeniarius vascularius for a maker of vases. Sellers were called negotiatores
argeniarii vasctdarii. Wares were sometimes named after their makers, as vasa Furiatia,
Clodiana, or Gratiana}
On
technical processes in silver see generally Bluemner, Technologie, iv., p. 302, ff. ; Daremberg
and Saglio, Diet, des Antiqs., s.v. Caelatura ; Marquardt, Rom. Alterturner, vii., p. 652 flf. ; Babelon,
Tresor d' Argenterie de Berthouville, p. 65.

2.— HISTORIC.A.L DEVELOPMENT OF THE ART.

As has already been indicated, the working of silver goes back to a remote period,
although for a long time its use was rare as compared with gold. Of the earliest existing
work in silver, the Mycenaean period yields a good example in the portion of a vase
found at Mycenae, representing a siege. ^ Silver was also used for inlaid decoration, as
in the dagger-blades from the same site. Mention may also be made here of the elegant
silver cup, of the type of the Vaphio cups, in the Museum collection.^ We learn from
the Odyssey (xix. 55 xxiii. 200)
; that the chair of Penelope was ornamented with silver,
and that Odysseus employed it, together with other metals, to adorn his nuptial bed.
The (T^vpt'fKaTov process was doubtless employed for these works.
The style of other works of art described in Homer is perhaps reflected in a series of
objects, some of which are of earlier, others of contemporary or later, date, vis., the
" Phoenician " bowls of silver, which have been found in Cyprus (at Amathus, Citium,
and Curium) and in Italy (at Caere and Praeneste). The earlier examples are genuinely
Egyptian in style, and often naturalistic they belong to the XVIII-XIXth Dynasties
;

(about 1400-1200 B.C.). The style then becomes more and more conventional, with
mixed Egyptian and Assyrian motives, and these later bowls are probably the work of
local schools in Cyprus and elsewhere.* They extend down to about the middle of the
seventh century B.C.

Some of these bowls have subjects which obviously recall the Homeric description
of the shield of Achilles.^ The example in the Museum collection (No. 1) has engraved
decoration of an imitation Egyptian type, and may therefore be assigned to the
later group (beginning of first millennium B.C.). These later examples belong to the
same period of development as the Castellani cista from Praeneste in the Conservator!
Palace at Rome,' which is also strongly OrientaHsing in its decoration. Of much more
advanced style are the archaic reliefs from Perugia, of which the Museum possesses three
examples (Nos. 2-4) they are of more developed Ionic style, with little trace of
;

' Pliny, Hist. Nat., xxxiii. 139.

' 'E(j>ijfx. 'Apx-, i8gi, pi. 2 J. H. S., xxxi. p. 121.
;

^ Cat. of Jewellery, No. 821, pi. 73.

* See Myres' Handbook to Cesnola Coll., New York, p. 457.
' C^. Murray, Hist. of. Gk. Sculpt. ,i. p. 42 ff. See also von iSissing in Jahrb. d. arch. Inst., xiii. {1809;
p. 28 fi.
" Mon. dell' Inst., viii. pi. 26.
xiv CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

Orientalism, dating from the sixth century B.C. Thej^ maj- be compared with the frieze
of the temple at Assos, and also have a close relation with the Clazomenae sarcophagi,
and with the contemporary vase-fabrics from Daphnae, Clazomenae, and elsewhere.^
During the best period of Greek art, from the sixth century down to the end of the
fourth, we hear little of working in silver, although the sculptor Calamis was apparently
a chaser also (c/. the passage from Plinj' referred to below), and we have very few actual
remains which can be assigned to that period. But the frequent mention of silver
vessels, etc., in the Parthenon Inventories {Brit. Mus. Inscr. Nos. 25-33) shows that
silversmiths were active at Athens in the fifth century. In the Museimi collection the
only objects are two plain undecorated cups found at Curium, Cyprus (Nos. 12, 13), one
ofwhich came from a tomb of about 470 B.C., the other from a tomb of about one
hundred j^ears later. The finest example of Greek silver-work in existence is the vase
found at Xicopolis in Southern Russia'-, which is engraved with figures of Scythians
and covered all over with decoration.
It is probable that the first silver-workers whose names are on record belong to the
period of this last-named vase, the latter half of the fourth century, although Pliny, who
is almost our only authority, gives very little chronological information. He begins his
account by expressing surprise that there are no names of famous goldsmiths, though
silversmiths are numerous. The highest reputation was enjoyed by Mentor, who made
four pairs of vases, subsequently lost in the burning of the temple of Artemis at Ephesus
or of the Capitol. Next came Acragas, Boethos, and Mys, works by all of whom still
survived in Rliodcs an Athena by Boethos at Lindos, and cups with Centaurs and
:

Bacchanals by Acragas and Mys in Rhodes itself. A cup by Acragas with hunting-
scenes also enjoyed great fame. He then mentions Calamis, whose name has already
been noted, and Antipatcr, who made a cup with a lifelike sleeping Satyr. These are
followed by a long series of names, most of whom are nothing more, but Pasiteles is
also known as a sculptor of the Augustan age, and Zopyrus is recorded to have made
a famous vase with the trial of Orestes. It is possible that the well-known Corsini vase
at Rome ^ is a copy of this work. Pythcas made a cup with Ulj'sses and Diomcdes
carrying off the Palladium, and small drinking cups called " cooks in miniature," so
delicate that casts could not be taken from them. The last name is that of Teucer,
after whom the art relapsed into complete decadence, and sih-cr was only valued for its
antiquity.*
Pliny's list is arranged rather in order of reputation than chronologically, but we may
gather that most of the artists named by him lived in the fourth and third centuries B.C.,

'C/. for example tlie vase from Kyme now in the Museum (Rm%. Mitleil, iii. pi. 6). Sec on the subject
generally Petersen in op. cil., ix. (1894), p. 253 If.
' Minns, Scythians and Greeks, p. 160, fig. 47.
' lii'in. Mitleil. xx.
(1905), pis. 9, 10, p. 290.
'The foUowinR is the text of Pliny's account [Hist. Nat. .xxxiii. 15.) ff., translated by Jc.x-Blakc and
—
Sellers, Plinv on the History of A rt, p. 3 ff.): Mirum auro caelando ncniinem inclaruisse, argento multos.
Maxime tamen laudatus est Mentor, de quo supra diximus. Quattucir paria ab eo omnino facta sunt,
ac iam nullum extare dicilur Kphesiae Dianac tt'iiijili aut Capitolii incendiis. Varrose ct aercuni signuni
eius habuissc scribit. Proximi ab eo in admirationc Acragas ct lioclhus ct Mys fucrc. Exstanl omnium
opera hodie in insula Khodiorum, Boethi apud Lindiam Minervam, Acragantis in tcmplo Libcri patris in
ijjso Khodo Centauros Bacchasque caelali scyphi,Myos in cadcm aede Silenos ct Cupidincs. Acragantis
ct vcnatio in scyphis magnam famam habuit. Post hos celcbratusest Calamis. Et Anlipater quoque
 ;

INTRODUCTION. xv

the period when Asia Minor, with which district most of them are associated, was the
great artistic centre of the Greek world.- In one case indeed, that of Calamis, who is
presumably identical with the Athenian sculptor, we have a name going back a hundred
years earlier. Elsewhere (xxxiv. 47) Pliny mentions one Zenodorus, who copied two
cups by Calamis so that no one could distinguish them from the originals {duo pocula
Calamidis nianu caelata aemulatus est, ut vix nlla differentia esset artis). Zenodorus lived
about the beginning of our era,' and the cups alluded to were in the possession of
Germanicus Caesar, by whom they were highly prized (adamata). Of Mentor's date we
have evidence in the reference to the burning of the temple at Ephesus, which indicates
that his work was earlier than 356 B.C. The statement that nothing of his had been
preservedis at variance with that in xxxiii. 147, that L. Crissus, the orator, had two

cups chased by Mentor {dtios scyphos Mentoris artificis manu caelatos). Cicero also
mentions " Thericlean " cups, Mentoris manu summo artificio facta} Acragas is only
known from Pliny. Boethos was also known as a sculptor, and his date is, according to
the most recent evidence, about 170-160 B.C. [see No. 7). Mys, according to Pausanias
(i. 28, 2), was a contemporary of Parrhasios. The other artists named probably flourished
in the Hellenistic period or later. It is curious that Pliny only mentions argentarii, not
aurifices ; but he states that no famous goldsmiths are recorded [aitro caelando nemo
inclaritit). This is the more remarkable, as the remains of gold-work of this period far
surpass those in silver, of which indeed there is little beyond what has been found in
Southern Russia.
In the Museum collection there are not many examples Greek work, except
of genuine
a few plain vases, which are noteworthy for their graceful forms (Nos. 11-17). Of
statuettes we have only a small Sarapis from Paramythia (No. 6), which was found with
the bronzes from that site,^ and must therefore be dated about 300 B.C., and the interesting
group of the Boy and Goose (No. 7), which, from the evidence of the coins found with it,
dates from about 250 B.C. There are also the three paterae with reliefs from Eze in
Southern France (Nos. 8-10), dating from the third century B.C., a sort of prototype of
the silver-work of the Roman period. From the evidence of the existing copies in terra-
cotta they probably originated in Campania.*
Etruscan silver-work again is very rare, especially when compared with the gold-work
found in such profusion in Etruria, and is only represented here by the silver-plated bronze

Satyrum in phiala gravatum somno collocavisse verius quam caelasse dictus est. Stratonicus mox "

Cyzicenus.jTauriscus, item Ariston et Eunicus Mytilenaei laudantur. et Hecataeus, et circa Pompeii Mag-
ni aetatem Pasiteles, Poseidonius Ephesius, Hedystrachides quiproelia armatosque caela\'it, Zopyrus qui
Areopagitas et iudicium Orestis in duobus scyphis HS xii (t ,200,000 sesterces) aestimatis. Fuit et Pytheas
cuius duae unciae ^X(10,000 denarii) venierunt. Ulixes et Diomedes erant in phialae emblemati
Palladium subripientes. Fecit idem et cocos magiriscia appellatos parvolis potoriis, e quibus ne exem-
plaria quidem liceret exprimere, tam opportuna iniuriae subtilitas erat. Habuit et Teucer crustarius
famam.subitoque ars haec ita exolevit ut sola iam vetustate censeatur, usuque attritis caelaturis, si
nee figura discerni possit, auctoritas constet.
With reference to the nameHedystrachides, the reading is doubtful. Brunn suggests Leostratides
Furtwaengler, Hedys, Thracides. The name represented by Hedys must begin with P, R, S, or T, as
the order from Ariston onwards is alphabetical.
C/. Dechelette, Vases ornis de la Gaule, i. pp. 222, 234.
'

" In Verr. iv. 18, 38. Bentley is probably right in deriving the name of these cups from one Thericles.
' Cat.
of Bronzes, p. xiv.
' Cat.
of Vases, iv. p. 25 Pagenstecher, Calenische Reliefkeramik, p. 70 ff.
;
XVI CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

s atuette ofa goddess (No. 19), a spoon with engraved design in the style of the bronze
mirrors (No. 20), and the tomb-furniture found in the sarcophagus of Seianti Hanunia
(Nos. 21-24).
Pliny also gives an account of the silversmith's art in Rome, especially in reference
to the popularity of ornamented silver vases ; and, as is his wont, he compares the luxury
of his own with the restraint and frugality of Repubhcan times. He
daj' in this respect
instances Catus AeUus (Q. Aelius Tubero), consul in 167 B.C., who dined off earthenware
and refused throughout his life to use an}' silver vessels except two which L. Aemilius
PauUus had given him after his victory over Perseus (xxxiii. 142). The Carthaginian
envoys had remarked on the circumstance that there was only one dinner-service of silver
in the whole of Rome. But luxury rapidly developed as earthenware went out of use
among the richer classes' women had couches inlaid all over with silver,- and it was
;

also used for ornamenting triclinia, and later on for carriages. The orator Calvus com-
plained of the use of silver for cooking-utensils {vasa cocinaria, H.N. xxxiii. 140), by which
he probably means the decorated trullae or saucepans of which we have numerous examples
(c/. Nos. 73, 135, 136, 188 ff. in this collection). Other examples of silver vessels named
are lances or large dishes, square or circular Nos. 87, 131), weighing 100 lbs., of which
(c/.

Pliny {H.N. xxxiii. 145) says that there were even in Republican times more than 150 in
existence at Rome they are said to have led to the inclusion of many names in Sulla's
;

proscription lists. He attributes this increase of luxury to the conquest of Asia [ihid. 148).
In 189 B.C. L. Scipio carried 1,450 lbs. of chased silver in his triumphal procession, and
Pompey, in his triumph over Mithradates, carried a silver statue of Pharnaces, the first
King of Pontus, as well as chariots in gold and silver which had belonged to Mithradates
Eupator. Cicero mentions dishes with designs of ferns (lances filicaiae) ,^ and a later writer*
speaks of bowls ornamented with %ane- and ivy-wreaths {paterae pampinatae, hederatae),
and plates with bunches of grapes {disci corymhiati). In the reign of Claudius one
Drusillanus Rotundus, a slave of the Emperor, had & lanx oi 500 lbs., and eight others
of 250 lbs. each, the manufacture of which required the building of a special workshop
{officina).^
Further light is thrown on the art of the silversmith in the early Imperial period by
the bequest of C. Vibius Salutaris, a Roman knight, to the people of Ephesus in a.d. 104,

as recorded in the well-known inscription now in the British Museum.^ The bequest
included one gold statue and eight of silver, distributed as follows : (i) a golden Artemis
with two silver stags, silver images of the Roman Senate and the Ephesian /3ouXj;, dedi-

cated to Artemis and the /3ot/Xj; ; (2) silver statues of Artemis with torch, the Roman
people,and the Ephesian •^epovaia, to Artemis and the yepovffia ; (3) silver statues of
Artemis with torch, the Roman equestrian order and the Ephesian eiprjlSeia, to Artemis
and the ephebi. Salutaris also dedicated silver statues of Artemis and the Carenaean

' H. N.
xxxiii. 139.
»
Cf. Ucli inargenlati. Dig., 33, 10, 3, § 3.
Ad' Alt., vi. I, 13.
'Trcbelliiis Pollio. Vit. Claud. 17, 5.
'
//. N. xxxiii. 145.
'
/?. A/. Jnscr. No. 481 sec ibid., pt. 3, p. 136
; and pt. 4, p. 242, and lines 159 ff. of the revised
rendering of the inscription.
 INTRODUCTION. xvii

tribe (to which as a citizen he belonged).' Probably two well-known types of Artemis
were represented the Ephesian type and the type with torch.
:
We arc also reminded
of the " silver shrines " (vaoi apyvpeoi) which the Ephesian silversmith Demetrius
made, as recorded in Acts {xix. 24).
Mention should also be made here of a curious inscription found by the Austrian
excavators at Ephesus,^ a reply of the emperors M. Aurelius and L. Venis made in 162-
163 A.D. to Ulpius Eurycles, the \oyiaT>]<; (curator) of the yepovaia, in regard to certain
questions raised by him. One of these questions related to the melting down of silver
statuettes of former emperors which had become worn and indistinguishable, and the
replacing of them by statuettes of the ruling emperors. It would appear that each figure

had a label {l3i/3\iov) underneath it, giving the name of the person represented. The
emperors replied that the statuettes should be preserved where possible, with their old
dedications those no longer identifiable might be melted down under certain conditions.*
;

The interval between the work of the Hellenistic period and of the craftsmen whose
names Pliny gives, and the typical Roman silver-work of the Imperial period which forms
the bulk of this collection, is filled by two famous " treasures," the Hildesheim find at

Berlin,*and the Boscoreale hoard, which is mostly in the Louvre.^ The Museum possesses
hardly anything which corresponds in style to the Hildesheim treasure, but is fortunate
in having one fragment found at Boscoreale, the bust of a Roman lady (No. 26). These
two treasures represent for us the silver-work of the Augustan age. It must not, however,
be supposed that all the objects which they comprise are contemporaneous, or even all of
the Augustan period. A collection of silver would necessarily comprise many objects
which had been in use or had been handed down over a considerable period, as is the case
at the present day and some of the Hildesheim objects certainly seem to be of an earlier
;

date than others. Similarly, the Boscoreale treasure can be dated as at least earlier than
A.D. 79, when that district was devastated by the eruption of Vesuvius but it is impossible
;

to say how much earlier some of the pieces may be. The majority, however, in both collec-
tions represent the typical art of the Augustan age. The Bernay or Berthouville treasure
in the Cabinet des Medailles, Paris, is another which comprises work of various periods.*
The Museum collection includes, in addition to the " treasures " shortl}' to be discussed,
a series of statuettes, reliefs, and vases, belonging to the Roman Imperial period, but
mostly of late date. Some may be definitely regarded as Alexandrian work, such as the
vases with fishing-scenes (Nos. 76, 77, 93), and the fridla from Syria with the subject of
Mars and Rea Silvia (No. 73). The bowl with the cranes, however (No. 72), is a good
specimen of the silver-work of the Augustan age, in the style of the Boscoreale vases,
and presents a close parallel with the well-known Arretine vase at Mainz by Ateius,' which
can be dated about the reign of Tiberius. On the other hand, the large situla with figures

' No. 594.

Ibid.,
' Forschungen in Ephesos, ii. p. 120 fi., No. 23.
' For a similar occurrence at Oropos in Boeotia see Brit. Mus. Inscr. No. 160.
* See Pernice and Winter, Silberfund von Hildesheim.

' M
onuments Piot, vol. v.
" See the publication recently issued by E. Babelon (Trhor d'Argenterie de Berthouville, Paris, 1916).

They are mostly dedications to the Mercury of Canetonum, a local god.

' Camb. Aniiq.
Soc. Trans., 1907, pi. 5.
 xviii CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

of the four Seasons (No. 74), a tj-picallj' Augustan subject, must be of later date, the

figures being quite different from the recognised " New-Attic " types found on other works
of art.i
To the middle of the third century belongs the interesting find of statuettes from Macon
in France (Nos. 27-35), including two figures of Zeus, four of Hermes, an Artemis, and
the Tyche with representations of the Daj's of the Week. These were found in 1764 with
coins of Gallienus, under circumstances detailed by Payne Knight (see below, p. 8)"
through whom the group (\\ith the exception of No. 35) came into the Museum.
The tj'pical silver-work of Roman
Imperial period is represented, at any rate in
the
this collection, by a series of " treasures "
found chiefly in Gaul, and also in Britain. Of
these the most remarkable is the Chaource or Mont cornet treasure (Nos. 144-182), found
in 1883 in the Department of Aisne in France, and dating from -the second century after
Christ. It consists of no fewer than thirty-nine pieces, mostly of plain silver, but some are
artistically decorated. Two smaller treasures are those from Chatuzange in the Depart-
ment of Drome and from Caubiac, near Toulouse, comprising six and seven pieces respec-
tively (Nos. 131-143). In the British and Mediaeval Department is a series of six orna-
mented handles of tndlae, or saucepans, found in 1747 at Capheaton, in Northumberland
(Nos. 188 a.) and also a trulla and other objects forming part of a find at Backworth,
;

in the same county (Nos. 183-187). Another treasure of a different type, comprising
twenty-nine pieces, is from Coleraine, in Ireland it is probably of late Imperial times,
;

and consists of portions of silver ingots and fragments of vessels and other objects in silver,
ornamented with patterns (No. 195 ff.). Some of these patterns are of an unusual and
elaborate character, and resemble those on the silver vases recently found at Whitting-
hame, in Scotland.^
The ornamented silver vessels belong to a class which has been the subject of discussion
by two German writers, Th. Schreiber^ and Drexel.' Schreiber's book is written with the
object of pro\-ing that all such work is not only due to the influence of Alexandrian art,
but actually of Alexandrian origin, devoting his attention chiefly to the tndlae with orna-
mented handles and similar pieces. Drexel gives a useful survey of all the silver-work
of the Imperial period found in Central Europe, from Britain to the shores of the Black
Sea, together with similar examples from Italy and North Africa. Out of the sixty pieces
which he discusses in detail, forty come from Gaul, Germany, or Britain. His view is
that they were nearly all made in Gaul, under Alexandrian influence, and were exported
from that province, which was in the period a.d. 100-250 one of the richest in the Roman
Empire. At the same time he docs not deny the possibility that some, for example those
found in North Africa, were made locally, the influence of Alexandria having doubtless
spread elsewhere besides Gaul. It will therefore be seen that while accepting Schreiber's
thesis in the main he gives it a wider application.
These silver vessels are all cast from clay moulds on wax models, the friezes of figures

' Cf. the Arretinft vase in B.M., L 54, and the terracotta reliefs, D 58^-586.
' MS. Cat., s.v. Cybelc.
Antiquaries Journal, i., Jan. 1921, p. 42.
'

' Die Alexandrinische

Toreutik {1894), in Abhandl. d.k. siUhs. Gesellsch. d. Wissensch., phil.-hist. CI.
xiv., p. 273 ff.
* Bonner Jahrbiicher,
1 18, p. 176 ff.
 -

7 T
b

I V
13

10

12 15
6

[A/lcr Drexil.
FORMS OF SILVER VASES (ist-3rd centuries after Christ).
 XX CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

and other ornaments being worked in relief. Gilding is frequently employed for effect,
as for example on the large Caubiac dish. No. 137. A few specimens of bronze plated
with silver occur in the Chaource treasure (Nos. 179-181). The relief-decoration is usually
executed with great care. As regards shape, the vases usually fall into three classes :

(i) vessels for eating ; (2) vessels for drinking ; (3) jugs and saucepans (trullae). The first-

named include fiat, circular dishes {lances), often of considerable size ; the situlae or buckets,
and the deep bowls with projecting rims (Form No. 5 see below), which were evidently
;

intended for insertion in another vessel, must probably be also included under this heading,
being used at dessert for holding fruit or sweetmeats. The drinking-vessels are usually
in the form of shallow or hemispherical bowls. The principal forms as classified by Drexel
are illustrated in the accompanying diagram. Some are exclusively Gauhsh others again, ;

such as Forms Nos. i, 2, and 4, occur all over the Mediterranean basin, and are obviously
(Alexandrian in origin. On the other hand, it is remarkable that there is httle or no corre-
spondence with the contemporary forms of fictile vases the only exceptions are the ;

cylindrical bowl from Caubiac (No. 138), which corresponds more or less to Form No. 78
in the Brit. Miis. Cat. of Roman Pottery, and the bowl with projecting rim (Form No. 5),
which may be compared with Dragendorff's forms 38 and 44 {Brit. Miis. Cat. pi. 43).
These three classes of vessels form a complete service of plate, for which, in later times,
the word ministerium was adopted it is found in Lampridius about 300 A.D. {Vit. Alex.
;

^^^- 34). who speaks of ducentarum lihrarum argenti pondus tninisterium ; and J. Paullus in
the second century mentions urceoli, lances, piperatoria, cochlearia, itemque trullae, calices,
scyphi et his similia as forming a ministeriutn {Sentent. iii. 6,86).

Drexel traces the development of the decoration of these silver vases of the Imperial
period, beginning in the first half of the first century of the Christian era with purely
ornamental motives, such as conventional foliage or masks on the handles. The execution
is better than in the later examples, and the style shows a close correspondence with that
of the Hildesheim and Boscoreale vases. The next stage introduces Dionysiac subjects,
and scenes of an idyllic character, belonging to the period 50-80 a.d. In the former,
greater realism is now to be observed ; the motives introduced include masks, altars,
musical instruments, or busts and half-figures on the handles of the vases. In the next
period (80-120 a.d.) the trullae with decorated handles make their appearance. The
flat handle is usually ornamented with the figure of a river-god surrounded by idyllic

scenes or motives of the same type as in the preceding stages. E.xamplcs in the Museum
collection are Nos. 135, 136, i88ff. They may be connected with the Alexandrian vases
with fishing subjects, examples of which are Nos. 76, 77, 93, and the engraved bronze
bowl from the Towneley Collection {Cat. of Bronzes, No. 884). These vases were imitated
in pottery of the time of Vespasian.
It is to be noted that after reaching the above point of development, Alexandrian

work comes to a standstill, and hence the same result appears in the provinces, and we
find no further development of the art, which remains at the same level down to the third
century. It is difficult to obtain satisfactory' evidence about the date of individual pieces
during this period, as must be remembered that they may have been in use or in
it

possession for a long time between the date of manufacture and the time when they were
buried. The Chaource treasure, however, included coins down to the reign of Postumus,
 ^ •

INTRODUCTION. XXI

and was, therefore, buried about a.d. 267. In other cases evidence of the date of burial
ranges from the middle of the second down to the fourth century. During the peace
of the second century not much silver was buried, but more was buried during the stormy
times of the third century, especially in the reign of Gallienus. The period of manufacture
of this class of vases may therefore be reckoned as about 100-250 a.d. ; it can hardly
have been earlier than 100 a.d., as nothing of this kind has been found at Pompeii. It is
practically impossible to draw any chronological conclusions from the style alone.
The characteristic decoration of these vessels is a narrow frieze on the exterior of the
bowls or the rims of the plates. The ornamentation falls under five main headings (i) ;

Masks, (2) Trees, (3) Animals, (4) Sea-monsters, (5) Ornaments and Dionysiac emblems.
In his treatise, DrexeF gives a classified list of the known examples, together with imitations
in bronze, pottery, and other materials, under the headings (i), (3), and (4), and subse-
quently he discusses all five classes of subjects in detail. His chief points are here
summarized : —
I. Masks. —
Of these we find four main types Maenad, Seilenos, Satyr (bearded or
:

beardless) and Pan (bearded or beardless). They are often accompanied by other Dionysiac
attributes, such as the pedum, the thyrsus, or the tympanum, or interspersed with altars
and trees, the whole forming compositions which may be described as " Dionysiac still-
life." Nos. 75, 137-139, and 171, are examples of this style. The combination of these
masks and other attributes with Dionysiac animals may show that representations of
Dionysiac shrines are intended, though this is not always clearly indicated. In all this
type of decoration there may be traced a development from the compositions of the
Hildesheim cups and the cup of the Ptolemies.^ An increased tendency to symmetry is
to be noted, the motives being arranged almost mechanically like permutations of letters.
The origin of this style of decoration is certainly Alexandria ; it was especially developed
in Asia Minor.
2. Trees. —These
are somewhat conventionally treated, and some types cannot be
identified but the cypress is sometimes recognisable, and may be seen, for instance,
;

on the Caubiac bowl (No. 137). One type with leaves and spikes radiating from the end
of the branch is Alexandrian in origin, and also occurs at Boscoreale and Hildesheim.
3. Animals. —
The fauna is that of Asia Minor rather than Eg^^pt, and may be com-
pared with that of early Ionic Greek vases. It was borrowed by the Alexandrian craftsmen
from Hellenistic art. It will be noticed that as in Pompeian wall-paintings and in the
pottery of the end of the first century (i.e., the bowls of form 37) there is a gradual encroach-
ment of this class of subject on all other motives except the masks.
4. Sea-monsters. —These are also derived from Asia Minor types.
5. Ornaments. —Among these may be noted the leaf-pattern
developed from the
Lesbian kymation!^ (which occurs on Nos.8, •]], 150, 170).
In summarising the results obtained by his survey, Drexel points out that the decoration
with friezes of masks first appears at Alexandria about a.d. 70 Dechelette, on the other ;

' Bonner Jahrbiicher, 118, p. 182 S.

= Babelon, Cami-es de No. 368, pi. xliii.
la Bibl. Nat.,
'
Cf. Wiegand. Priene, 416 fi.
p.
* On this pattern see Weickert, Das Lesbische Kymation.
XXll CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

hand, traces the origin of the st\'le to an eariier period, in the silver vases of the Augustan
age.' The Caubiac vase (No. 137) is a typical example of this methpd of decoration
combined with animal motives, which graduall}^ invaded the mask-friezes. Thus we get
the combination of living creatures- with what has been termed " Dionj'siac stUl-hfe " ;
this maj', strictly speaking, be traced back to the art of Asia Minor, with its fondness for
animal friezes. Some examples are actual Alexandrian work, of the end of
of the existing
the first century, but export soon began to the provinces. The use of moulds to reproduce
stock patterns by unskilled craftsmen and at comparatively small cost, was the cause of a
rapid increase in the imitation of these vases. A remarkable survival of this style is to be
seen in a fragment of a late vase recently found at WTiittinghame in Scotland (see p. xviii).
An interesting development of the art is its imitation in other materials. We find it
in the bronze buckets from Hemmoor in Hanover, the forms of which are Gaulish, but the
decoration, mostly consisting of animals, is local.- Their date is about 150-200 a.d.
But at an earlier date it appears in the Gaulish pottery of the beginning of the second
century, and there is a close relation between the Hemmoor buckets and the Lezoux
vases of " free " style. ^ In both we find a favourite subject to be friezes of animals
divided into groups by trees at intervals. On the ground of this similarity in detail,
D^chelette considers that the Hemmoor buckets were actually made in Gaul.
The vases of Libertus, whose date
about 100 A.D., evidently draw their inspiration
is

from the silver vases, and are therefore important for the dating of the latter.'' Some
of this potter's vases are actually covered with metaUic varnish, like gilt silver, and others
are evidently imitations of the forms of silver vases. In the Plicque collection at
St. Germain there are three moulds for vases of form 71, one of which is signed by
Libertus,^ which are exact copies, not only of the forms, but also of the decoration of
silver vases, with friezes of masks and animals. Dechelctte points out that the artist
Zenodorus (see above, p. xv) must have worked in the Arvcrnian region, where the vases
of Libertus were made, and that his date was about the middle of the first century, not
many years previous to the time of the potter.

' Vases arm's de la Gaule, i. p. 233.

Willers, Bronzeeimer von Hemmoor.
' Rev. Arch., 1902, ii. p. 290 ; B.M. Cat. of Roman Pottery, p. xxxiv.
* D6chelette, i., p. 229 ff.
' Dichelette, i., pi. 5; cf. ibid., p. 231.
CATALOGUE.
 Inches 2-
7-5 2-5 3-5

5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95
10 20 30 40 50 60 10 80 90 WO
M I L L I M ET R ES
SCALE FOR CONVERTING MILLIMETRES INTO INCHES.
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

I.— ORIENTALISING PERIOD.

1. BowL Shallow form, without foot, In the centre a rosette surrounded by a ring
of cable-patternbetween rings of dots, Round the interior arc four pairs of feathered
cartouches with meaningless imi-
tations of Egyptian hieroglyphs,
at equal intervals one cartouche ;

is wanting. They are as follows :

L (i) Ape with plants, and hiero-

glyphs ; (2) hieroglyphs. II. (i)

Cat and ankh ; eye ; (2) wanting.

III. (i) and boat
hieroglyphs,
with Horus-hawk
plant ; (2)

crowned with scourge and uraeus ;

papyrus-plant emblem of Neith.

;

IV. (i) Sign Pa Harpocrates ;

between two ideographs of '

sweet-
ness '
; {2) vulture of Mut and
man with plant. The pairs of
cartouches are connected by a
band of lotos-flowers on a chain of
punctured dots.

Diam. 18-4001. Kameiros, i860.

Perrot and Chipiez, Hist, de l' Art, iii., p. 790. Much injured and restored ; exterior
surface corroded. The date is about 1000-800 B.C.

2-18. GREEK SILVER WORK.

THE PERUGIA RELIEFS (2-4).

These three fragments of reliefs form part of a find made in 1812 at Castello
S. Mariano, about four miles south-west of Perugia, consisting chiefly of fragments
of repousse reliefs in bronze, and a few of silver, all being early Ionic work of the sixth
century B.C. The silver fragments were acquired by J. Millingen, from whom they
passed into Payne Knight's collection the rest were partly secured for the University;

Museum at Perugia, and for Munich. Those at Perugia were published by Micali,
Storia, iii. pi. 28 ff., and again by Petersen in Antikc Denkmaeler, ii. pis. 14, 15, with
B
 2 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

a full discussion of the whole series in Ram. Mitteil. ix. (1S94), p. 253 ff. They have
been restored into the decoration of a travelling-chariot and a war-chariot.

2. Part of a Panel, probably from a chariot, with raised frame of square section.
Along the inner and outer edges of the frame are narrow slips of electrum plating
with bead-and-reel ornament in relief, btit only fragments remain and at intervals ;

along the edges are small holes for attaching the relief to the body of the chariot.
The subject of the main design, which is in repousse, is a boar attacked by two lions:
The boar has fallen forward to r. with legs bent under him the lion on the 1. leaps ;

on its hindquarters and bites it in the back, while the other, whose head is turned
to the front, bites its back behind the shoulder, placing his 1. hind-paw on its snout.
The first lion's hind-legs are wanting, and of the other only the muzzle, 1. fore-leg and
hind-legs remain. On the r. is a Sphinx seated to r. (restored as a gryphon), with r.
fore-paw resting on the sloping side of the panel, so as to fit into the space the tail ;

is curled up. The wing-feathers are indicated by scales, and incised the outer row ;

of feathers is plated with electrum, as is also the end part of the mane or mass of
long hair which falls down the side of the neck. The head is wanting, and also the
upper part of the recurved wing. Plate I.
Length 39' 5 cm. Width 10-5 cm. Found in 1812 between Perugia and Cortona. Payne
Knight Coll. (MS. Cat., xx. 2-3). Micali, Storia, i. pi. 45 Rdtn. Mitteil. ix. (1894), ;

p. 313, fig. 20. On early Ionic Sphinx types, see Roscher, Lexikon, s.v., p. 1342 ff.

3. Part of a rectangular panel, with narrow raised frame along upper and lower
edges. Two Amazons on horseback galloping to r. ; the nearer one pulls at the
bridle (now wanting), and her r. hand, which has held something, is drawn back;
of the further one only the upper part is visible, with r. hand holding a forked stick.
They have receding foreheads and long straight no.ses, and each has long hair,
elcctrum-plated, falling in three long curl.'; over the shoulder and in a thick mass at
the back, with a fringe over the forehead the nearer one wears short girt chiton
;

with broad electrum border on which a ke\'-pattern is incised, and high boots with
turned-up toes, electrum-plated. Below them a similar figure lies on the ground with
feet to 1., the face and body turned to the front, r. hand raised, 1. supporting the
body hair, boots, and chiton as the first figure, but no key-pattern on border of
;

chiton. The horses have electrum manes, tails, and hind-feet, and the headstalls
and bits are also of electrum round the neck of the nearer horse is a collar with
;

incised pattern of pendent lotos-flowers and buds alternating on its back is a ;

saddle-cloth with electrum border, on which a key-pattern is incised.' Plate I.

Ht. 21-5 cm. Diam. lO'S cm. From Perugia, 1812. Payne Knight Coll. (xx. i).
Micali, Storia, i., pi. 45 Millingen. Anc. lined. Monuni. ii., pi. 14, p. 27
; Miiller, Dcnhni. ;

d. ant. Kiinsl, i., 60, 301 Ri>»i. Mitteil. ix. (1894), p. 314, fig. 21
; Aati/a- Ditikmacler, ii., ;

text to pi. 14-15, p. 3 Zahn, Daratelliing der liarbarcn, p. 56

; Kcinach, Rt'pcrtoire de ;

Reliefs, ii., p. 508. l'"airly well preserved, but broken away in places. The style of the
figures is Ionian, of the sixth century B.C., and various points of comparison with the
vase-fragments from Clazomenae and Daphnae may be noted, e.g., the harness of the horses
and their open mouths showing the teeth.

'
Cf. /vV«;. Miltcil. ii. |jI. 9, ami lh<- vasc-lraHincnl Ii 116 in IJril. Mus. Inmi I laphniie.
 GREEK SILVER WORK. 3

4. Piece of open-work ornament, with flat rc/)OMss/ pattern of palmettes, with volutes
and interlacing tendrils, forming an oval. PLATE I.

Length 29 cm. Ht. 20-5 cm. Perugia, 1812. Payne Knight Coll. (xx. 4).

5. Ingot. Oblong shape, cut away at the lower corners. Inscribed on one side AlOS ;

AVKA, A(Os \vKa(iov) on the other, TPVrON, Tpvyayv. The lettering is of the fifth
;

century B.C.

Dimensions ii-5x4'3xi'25 cm. Weight

730 grammes. Sicily, 1885. Roehl, Inscr.
Gr. Antiq., No. 523 Inscr. Gr., xiv. 597 ; ;

Brit. Mus. Inscr. iv., pt. 2, p. 218, No. 1102

(gives weight as 725 grammes = 11,193
grains) Cook, Zeus, i., p. 88, note 5. Trygon
;

is presumably the donor. For Zfir Auitnios,

see Cook, loc. cit.

Sarapis. Stands on small

plinth, holding out patera
in r. hand and cornucopia
in 1. ; wears calathos, long
chiton, and himation over
1. shoulder round the hair
;

= No.
is a fillet tied at the neck
and hanging in a loop.

Ht. 3 cm. From Paramythia, Epirus found with the bronzes in ; 1792.
Payne Knight Coll.[MS. Cat. Ixxviii. 2) In nearly perfect condition ;

remains of gilding on drapery.

7. Boy and Fox-Goose. The boy with legs bent round and 1. foot crossed over r.,
sits
turning his head away to hisfrom the bird which he holds in both hands, and
r.

laughing painfully ; the goose bites at his 1. ear. He is of chubby proportions, and
has thick curly hair, rather long, with a plait along the top of the head, and round
his waist a garment is twisted. Plate VII.
Ht. g- 2 cm. Found in 1844 near Alexandria, with coins of the early years of Ptolemy III.
(247-222 B.C.) ; acquired 1845. Journ. Hell. Stud., vi., p. 9, No. 51, with plate Jahr- ;

eshefte, vi., (1903). p- 234, fig. 126 Walters, Art of the Greeks, pi. iii Re\n3.c\\, Repertoire
; ;

de la Statuaire, ii., p. 466. Lower part of back crushed and contorted. Possibly a variation
of the type usually associated with Boethos, but that sculptor is now dated about 170-
160 B.C.,' and from the evidence of the coins the date of this group must be seventy
to eighty years earlier. The group described by Herondas (iv.'3i) of a boy playing with
a fox-goose {xtifaXaiTrri^) accords better with this type it also occurs on a bronze lamp ;

{Ant. di Ercolano, viii. i g) Compare also a marble statue in the Borghese Collection Helbig,
, . (

Fiihrer', ii., p. 244, No. 1550; Jahreshefte, vi., p. 235, fig. 128); and see S. Reinach
in Revue de I'Univ. de Bruxelles, vi. (1901), p. 243 Monuments Plot, xvii. (igog), p. 45 ff.
;

(with other reff.) Mrs. S. A. Strong suggests that the boy may be the voung Asklepios
(Journ. Hell. Stud, xxviii., p. 20).

8. Patera. Round the central boss, which has vertical sides and a convex top, are
bands of pattern leaf-pattern (variety of Lesbian kymation), palmettes and lotus-
:

See Cat. of Museo CapitoUno, p. 322 ; Jahrbiicli. d. Arch. Inst. xix. Anz. p. 212 ; Monum. Plot, xvii. p. 45.

B 2
 4 CATALOGUE OK SILVER PLATE.

buds alternating, and bead-and-reel round the outer edge of the interior, an ivj'-
;

wreath. The main design round the interior with rehef

consists of a broad frieze
representing a procession of five deities in chariots (quadrigae) (i) Athena, wearing :

crested helmet, shield, and chiton (2) Herakles, bearded, with club ; (3) Ares, ;

bearded, with shield (4) Hermes with caduceus; (5) Dionysos with thyrsus. Each ;

chariot is driven by a Nike, with hair knotted up and long chiton. Two of the horses
drawing the chariots of Athena and of Ares are looking back. The subject seems
to be the Apotheosis of Herakles. Plate II. -

Diam. 20-6 cm. From Eze, Dept. of Alpes Maritimes, France; found about 1870;
acquired, 1891. Blanchet in yh'in. de la Soc. Nat. des Antiqs. de France, liv., p. 47, No. 2 ;

Murray, Handbook ofGk. Archaeology, p. 108 Athen. Mitteil., xxxiii., p. 127 Babelon,
; ;

Trt'sor d'arg. de Berthouville. p. 61 Class. Review, v. (1891), p. 342 ';

Numism. Chron. ;

1891, p. 318, note and see Brit. Mus. Cat. of Vases, iv., p. 25 (G 118-119), Pagenstecher,
;

Cale'nische Reliefkeramik p. 72, and Walters, Ancient Pottery, i., pp. 192, 500, for
,

terracotta copies, dating from the second century B.C. In good condition, but injured
in one place details somewhat indistinct.
;
For the leaf-pattern derived from the
Lesbian kymation cf. Nos. 75, 150, 170, and see p. xxi.

9. Patera, similar. Round the central boss, an elaborate pattern of palmettes, and
egg-pattern round the rim of the interior, laurel-wreath, with a fly or bee at intervals
;

(two now remaining). The main design consists of a broad frieze round the interior,
with relief representing a procession of four deities in quadrigae (Apotheosis of
Herakles) ; the figures are on a larger scale than in the preceding example,
(i) Herakles with club and lion's skin upper part wanting (2) Apollo, with ; ;

lyre and chlamys (3) Hermes or Dionysos, with chlamys (4) Athena, with
; ;

shield, and chiton with over-fold upper part wanting. Each chariot is driven by
;

a Nike, and between each middle pair of horses i? another Nike leading them.
Plate II.
Diam. 21-2 cm. Similarly acquired. Blanchet in Mem. de la Soc. Nat. des Antiqs. de
France, liv., p. 48, No. 3 Murray, Handbook of Gk. .Archaeology, p. 108
; ; Class. Review,
V. (1891), p. 342. Much damaged rim complete, but outer edge of design
; wanting nearly
allthe way round, and also the middle of the central boss. Better style than tlie preceding ;

probably third century B.C.

10. Patera, similar. Round the central boss, patterns as on the last but one, but no
frieze of figures ; the patterns are : Lesbian kymation, tongue, band of dots, palmette-
and-lotos, and bead-and-reel. PLATE III.

Diam. i7'8 cm. Similarly acquired. Blancliet in Mem. de la Soc. Nat. des Antiqs. de
France, p. 47, No. i. .\bout half of the vase is wanting.

11. Bowl. Wide neck with narrow vertical rim ;

ellipsoidal body ; no handle or foot.
Round the shoulder, a plain gilt band, with band of beads below. Round the body,
band broad pointed oval leaves, overlapping in three layers and diminishing in
of
size in each layer, with small plants in the angles between. On the base, rosette of
eight petals on a gilt ground, within a gilt ring. Plate III.
Ht. 6-8 cm. Diam. at mouth 7-5 cm. Acquired, 1901. Walters, Art of the Greeks,
pi. 1 1 1. Lower part of va.se much injured. The style of the ornamentation is I*;gvptian,
and the vase dates from the Ptolemaic period ; cf. Maspero, l.'Archi'ologie /•'gyptiennc,
p. 300.
 GREEK SILVER WORK.

12. Cup. Body ellipsoidal ; vvidf mouth, with rim spreading outwards ; no toot.
PLATE III.

Ht. 6-8 cm. Diam. lo cm. From Curium, Cyprus (tomb 83) excavated under the ;

Turner Bequest, 1895. Excavations in Cyprus, p. 66, fig. 79. Ahnost intact, but much
corroded throughout surface perforated with holes in one place. Found with vases and
;

other objects of the first half of the fifth century b.c.

13. Cup. Plain hemispherical form, like a fxa(TT6<;. PLATE III.

Ht. 6-8 cm. Diam. 8-75 cm. From Curium, Cyprus (tomb 80) excavated under the ;

Turner Bequest, 1895, Excavations in Cyprus, p. 66, fig. 78. Surface corroded part broken ;

away near base. Fourth century b.c.~; cf. Cyprus Mus. Cat. No. 4883.

14. Kylix. Hemispherical bowl, with delicate loop-handles curving outwards, and bent
inwards at the top, like the bronze cups found at Galaxidi (see below). PLATE III.
Ht. 5 cm. Diam. 8-4 cm. From the island of Chaike, near Rhodes, 1889. Surface
much encrusted, inside and out. About third century B.C.

15. Kylix. bowl with low broad foot

Flat chicken-bone handles terminating
;
' '

on the under-side of the bowl in leaf-shaped attachments. In the centre of

the interior is a rosette, the centre formed by a raised gilt knob round it are ;

two bands of engraved ornament, the inner a variety of Lesbian kymation

(cf. No. 8), the outer, an elaborate design of palmettes and tendrils. Plate III.
Diam. 23-5 cm.; of bowl only, 14-5 cm. Boscoreale, 1897. Exterior surface
corroded. Probably Greek work of ithe third or second century B.C. cf. the bronze vases ;

from Galaxidi exhibited in the Bronze Room.

16. Bowl. Rather flat, with wide rim spreading outwards no ;

foot. Lower part of e.xterior ornamented with radiating

leaves in high repousse relief ; very thin walls.
Ht. 5-3 cm. Diam. 14 cm. From a tomb at Budrum iinil

(Halicarnassos) ; excavated by C. T. Newton, 1857. Injured

in places surface
; much corroded.

17. Bowl. Shallow, with overhanging rim and flat base.

Ht. 3- 75 cm. Diam. 15 cm. From Kameiros (1864 ?). Repaired Fig. 4 = No. 16.

and restored ; surface much scraped.

18. Mirror-Case, with silver-plated design. The case is of unusual type,

bronze,
the inside of the lid forming the mirror this lid fits inside the lower part ;

of the case, which has a rim underneath so as to form a hollow base. The lid is
attached by a broad hinge, complete all but one rivet, and is fastened by
movable catch-piece working on a pivot. On the lid and on the under side of
the case are moulded concentric circles ; round the edge of the case, Lesbian
kymation.
The design is and plated with silver
engraved on the inside it of the lid ;

represents Aphrodite and Eros. Aphrodite 1. on an oblong seat in is seated to

the form of an altar with plinth and projecting top her r. hand is held out ;
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

towards Eros, and on her raised 1.

hand a dove is perched. She wears

shoes, a long girt transparent chiton,
and scarf over shoulders, one end
fallingover the front of her body,
the other caught under her thigh ;

her hair knotted up under a fillet.

is

At the other end of the seat is

Eros leaning to 1., with 1. leg
crossed over r., looking round at
Aphrodite ; in r. hand he holds a
dish of fruit ; the 1. is placed on
the seat.
Diam. 15-5 cm. Hermione, 1902.
Roughly executed design, of late date.

19-25. ETRUSCAN SILVER

WORK.
19. Goddess or Woman. Stands
with feet together ; hair parted
and waved, with sphendone long ;
chiton with overfold covering arms,
falling in straight folds to the
ankles ; large hood or veil overhead with one point over the r. shoulder, and falling
in two points down the back. The ears are pierced for earrings.
Ht. 26-8 cm. Catalogue of Bronzes, No. 607. Bronze plated with
Castellani, 1873.
silver ; surface much
corroded. Arms broken away at elbows the eyes have been inlaid. ;

Etruscan work of about the fifth-fourth centuries B.C.

20. Spoon (T3'pe C, Fig. 37). Handle connected with bowl by a curved piece of
C-shape, the base of the bowl forming a straight bar at right angles to this the ;

bowl itself is oval in shape, widening out again towards the handle, and terminating
in a broad and straight piece the handle thih with pointed end. On the back of
;

the bowl an engraved design representing Athena seated to r., holding spear in 1.
is

hand she wears crested helmet, aegis, and long chiton. Before her are her owl facing
;

to front and the serpent round the edge is a floral border, and in the field is
;

inscribed AdQN3t^, Menrfa.

Length 13-7 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (xcviii. 48). Bowl somewhat corroded. Late
Etruscan work ; for the style of the engraving cf. the later bronze mirrors (Cal. of Bronzes,
Nos. 726 £f.).

TOMH GROUP FROM CHIUSI (21--25).

These five objects were found in the same tomb as the sarcophagus of Seianti
Hanunia at Poggio Cantarello, four miles west of Chiusi, in 1886. The sarcophagus,
 ETRUSCAN SILVER WORK.

which dates from about the middle of the second century B.C., is descril^cd in the
Catalogue of Terracottas, D 786. The objects were fixed with iron nails to the walls
of the tomb. They are described in Rlim. Milteil. i. p. 219 Notizie degli Scavi, 1886, ;

p. 356 ; Antike Denkm. i. p." 9 ; see also Class. Review, i. p. 119. Illustrations of the
five silver objects are given in Amer. Journ. of Arch. 1918, p. 276, fig. 13, and in Antike
Denkm., loc. cit. Plate IV.

21. Aryballos. Globular body with narrow neck ; the mouth is broken away. Round
the middle of the body is a gilt band of incised wave-pattern between dotted lines.
Ht. 8-2 cm.

22. Situla. Egg-shaped body with plain flat lip, to which a movable flat semi-circular
handle is attached by hooks.
Ht. 15 cm. Diam. 14 cm. Handle repaired ; surface corroded in places.

23. Pyxis. Cylindrical form, with moulded base cover with domed top, which has ;

been attached to the side of the vase by a chain. Round the top of the vase is a
cable-moulding round the sides is engraved a large wreath in festoon, with ox-skulls
;

in the spaces above and below (four in all).

Ht. 10 cm.

24. Mirror. Circular, with long handle, formed of a thin plate of metal, which is bent
up along each side of the handle, terminating in a bent-up leaf. Round the rim of
the mirror is a gilt wave-pattern between dotted lines, which is sunk on the back,
and in rehef on the front ; along the handle is a leaf- or herring-bone pattern.
Length 37-5 cm. Diam. of mirror 15 cm. Surface highly polished. Found in situ
hanging on a nail.

25. Strigil.
Length about 25 cm. Broken in
three pieces ; surface corroded.

26-241. ROMAN
SILVER WORK.
(I) STATUETTES (26-61).

26. Bust of Roman Lady. This

bust represents a middle-aged
woman with thin bony face, and
hair arranged in the style in vogue
about .\.T). 40-60, as seen, for
instance, on the coins of Antonia
and the Agrippinas. It is drawn
on each side in undulating waves
to behind the ear and is smooth
over the top of the head behind ; Fig. 6. Restoration of No. 26.
 8 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

the ears it is gathered in two twisted strands, which are plaited together at the neck

and tied up in a club, the end of which is now wanting curls of hair escape in front ;

of and behind the ears. The bust has been torn in ancient times out of a patera
like that illustrated in Momim. Piot, v. pi. 2, which must have formed a pair with
it (see Fig. 6). Plate VII.
Ht. 10 cm. From Boscoieale, Pompeii. It seems to have been placed in a separate
cupboard, while awaiting repair, and so was found separated from the treasure of which it once
formed part. Formerly in the Tyszkiewicz Coll. acquired 1895. Motntiii. Piot, v. p. 45,
;

figs. 8, 9, and see pp. 22, 24 note i Gaz. des Beaux-Arts, Aug. 1895, p. 94. Cf. for the type
;

Bernoulli, Rom. Ikonogr. ii. pt. i, pi. 14, and coin-plates Nos. 33, 35. Surface somewhat
corroded.

THE MACON TREASURE (Nos. 27-35).

This group of silver statuettes forms part of a find made at Macon in France on
March ist, 1764, as described by Caylus in his Rectteil d'Antiquitcs, vii. p. 239, from a
letter written by M. le Chevalier de Savasse to M. de Montrichard. A vine-grower
fovmd, at a depth of 8 to 9 feet, a series of statuettes of great elegance,' vases, '

and about 30,000 gold and silver coins, nearly all of which were of Imperial date, and
none laterthan the time of Gallienus (a.d. 260). A certain M. Aulas was stated
to possess seven statuettes in silver of the greatest beauty, each about 5 in. high,
'

except a Mercurj- which was 7 in., of which the mantle had been gilt,' also a Jupiter '

bronti'e, the work of which is admirable, as is also a Cybele [the Tyche No. 33]. '

Others were either carried off by the vine-grower or by the jewellers who cleaned
them, and these M. de Savasse had not seen. The coins were also subsequently
dispersed. M. Aulas had also five pedestals with gilding, each about 2 in. high, with
mouldings and ornament [these are now under
Nos. 28-31 and 33], and a small '

square altar of admirable work on which a flame is represented [cf. No. 34). He '

also mentions a goat {cf. No. 27), and a small cock (No. 29) these are illustrated;

bj' Caylus, ibid. pi. 67.

Payne Knight, in his MS. Catalogue, reproduces much of M. de Savasse's account,

also adding :
—
The whole being caked together in a hard lump by the solution of
'

the brass coins, the ignorant and timid Discoverer beat it to pieces and sold it clan-
destinely to silversmiths, who melted it down before the event had come to the know-
ledge of any Person of Taste or Science, so that but a small part was saved. and . . .

happily the most important of all (the Tyche) escaped with its surface uninjured
cither by corrosion or cleaning.'
The Zeus No. 35 was not acquired through Payne Knight, hut is a recent purchase ;

there is, however, every reason to suppose that it formed part of this iind.

27. Zeus. Stands with 1. leg bent holding in r. hand a tliundcrbolt, which terminates at
each end in a lotos-i)ud, and in has been a scejitre. Head of the Otricoli type
1. ;

wears chlamys at i)ack, drawn forward over r. arm and 1. shoulder, the jioinls of tiic
folds being held down with weights. At his 1. side is a she-goal witli (ipcu lUdutli.
Modern base. Plate VI.
Ht. 6-5 cm., witli base 10 cm, I'ouiid in 1704 at Macon, I'rance, witii Nus. .18-34.
Payne Knight Coll. (liii. 9). In line condition. Cf. the bronze types {Cat. 911 il.).
 ROMAN SILVER WORK. 9

28. Artemis. She stands with 1. leg bent and hands extended, eacli having held an
attribute. Her hair is waved back and knotted at the nape of the neck, and over her
forehead is a crescent ; she wears a long chiton with over-fold, girt at the waist and
fastened with a brooch on 1. shoulder, the skirts of which float out each side. There
'
are remains of gilding on the figure. Ancient circular base with gilt '
rouletted
pattern round upper and lower edges ; round the middle, a gilt wreath ending in a
flower of man}' petals. Plate VI.
Ht. 7- 7 cm., with base 10 cm. Found with the preceding. Payne Knight Coll. (.xxvi.
5). Caylus, Recueil d'Antiq. vii., pi. 70, figs. 3, 4, p. 250. In good condition, but much
cleaned.

29. Hermes. Stands with 1. foot drawn back, looking down to his 1. in 1. hand he holds ;

a purse and in the r. he has held the caduceus downwards. He has closely-curling
hair, in which are small wings over the forehead, and round it is a wreath with ends
of ribbon hanging down behind a chlamys is fastened with a circular brooch on the
;

r. shoulder, and falls over the 1. arm, round which a fold is twisted. At his feet is a
cock. Ancient base, circular ; round the upper edge, row of beads and gilt egg-and-
dart pattern ; round the lower edge a gilt '
rouletted '
pattern. Plate V.
Ht. II- 2 cm., with base 14 cm. Found with the preceding. Payne Knight Coll. (Ix. 12).
In good preservation lower edge of base injured.
; Cf. the bronze types (Cat. iig6 ff.).

30. Hermes. A boyish figure, standing with 1. leg bent, looking to his r. in r. hand he ;

holds a purse, and in the 1., the fingers of which are broken away, he has held a
caduceus. He has curly hair, round which is a wreath with ribbons hanging down
behind, and wears a small chlamys folded over the 1. shoulder and fastened with a
brooch, the end caught up over the 1. arm. Plain moulded antique base. Plate VI.
Ht. 6-8 cm. with base 8 cm. Found with the preceding. Payne Knight Coll. (I.x. 13).
Base injured.

31. Hermes, as the last. R. foot drawn back. Antique hexagonal base, ornamented
like No. 29.

Ht. 6' 5 cm., with base 8' 2 cm. Found with the preceding. Payne Knight Coll. (Ix. 14).
In good condition.

32. Hermes. He stands with 1. foot drawn back, r. hand raised to his head, and 1. arm
bent, with the fingers crooked as if holding something. Hair in double row of close
curls over the forehead wears winged petasus (one wing wanting), sandals, and
;

chlamys over shoulders brought forward from r. side over thighs and caught up over
1. arm. Plate VI.
Ht. 8 cm. Found with the preceding. Payne Knight Coll. (Ix. 16). In good condition ;

base modern.

33. Tyche (?), or tutelary deity of a city (Massilia ?) A goddess standing with r. foot
drawn back, holding a gilt patera in r. hand, from which she pours a libation on a
small altar in front of her ; in her 1. is a double cornucopia emerging from gilt leaves,
surmounted by busts of Apollo and Artemis. The goddess is winged, and her hair
is parted and arranged in elaborate curls she wears a long chiton with over-fold. ;
 lO CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

and himation over her shoulders, twisted up round the loins and falling in folds
weighted at the edges. On her head is a mural crown pierced with rectangular
openings, which implies that she is the goddess of a city. The altar on which she
pours the libation is rectangular, with a wTeath in relief on the front on it is a fire (?). ;

Of the two busts, Apollo has a laurel wreath in his hair, which is parted and waved ;

Artemis has her hair tied in a bow on the top of the head and knotted at the nape
of the neck, and a diadem over the forehead each has a belt over the 1. shoulder,
;

and at the back a disc marked with a cross. On the edge of each of the goddess's
wings about midway are busts of the Dioscuri, with richly-curling hair, draper}- on
breast, and stars on their heads below each is a small globe. ;

The wings support a horizontal crescent-shaped piece to which are attached seven
busts representing the Days of the Week or their corresponding deities, beginning
with Saturday (Saturnus) (i) Saturaus, bearded, with drapery veiling his head
: ;

(2) Sol, beardless, with long curls, radiated head-dress, and drapery on breast ;

(3) Luna, «-ith hair parted and waved and falling in curls on shoulders, crescent over
forehead, and drapery on breast (4) Mars, bearded, with crested helmet and
;

breast-plate Mercury, beardless, with wreath of foliage and wings oi\ head
; (5) ;

(6) Jupiter, bearded, with thick curly hair and wreath (7) Venus, with diadem in ;

hair, which falls in tresses ou her shoulders below each bust is a small globe.
;

The figure stands on its ancient base, which is twe]\-e-sided, with vertical ribs from
top to bottom. There is much gilding throughout. PLATE V.
Ht. 14 cm. Found with the preceding. Payne Knight Coll. (.xxiv. i). Cayhis, Eecueil,
vii. pL 71, p. 250 ; De Witte in Gazette Archeol. 1879, pi. 2, p. 3, and 1877, p. 82 Maass, ;

Die Tai^esgdtter in Rom urid den Provimen, p. 240, fig. 28 Daremberg-Saglio, Die/, des
;

Antiqs., s.v. Cornucopia, p. 1520, fig. 1966 and s.t). Dies, p, 173, fig. 2404 Koerber, Rom. ;

Inschr. d. Maimer Mus. (1897), p. 266. See on the subject generally Gazette Archeol.,
Daremberg-Saglio, and Maass, locc. citi., and Victoria County Hist, of Hants, i. p. 308 ;

and compare a bronze vase in Gazette Arch. 1877, pi. 8, with a bust inscribed TYXH
accompanying the seven deities a silver trulla from Wettingen, ibid. 1879, pi. I
;
and a ;

bronze object from the Thames in Brit. Mus. (Victoria County Hist, of London, i. p. no,
fig. 47, with bibhograpliy of the subject). De Witte associated the figure with tlie city of
Nicopolis, but Maass gives reasons for identifying lier as the Tyche of Massilia (Marseilles).
It will be noted that Saturn as the oldest god begins the series of seven days. The cult
of the Days of the Week was introduced from Babylonia through Alexandria in the Hel-
lenistic Age they first appear in art at the end of the Republican period (Schreiber,
;

Alexandr. Toreutik, p. 449). On representations of cities in ancient art, see P. Gardner in

Jnurn. Hell. Stud. ix. p. 47, ff.

34. Genius. Stands witl; r. foot drawn back, l.olding out a patera in r. hand ; in the 1. is

a cornucopia. He
has a youthful face, with richly-cnrling hair, and wears a mural
crown, high boots with flaps round the top, and a himation which passes over 1.
shoulder and round lower limbs, and is gatlnnd up ()\rr tlic 1. arm. .Xnriont
octagonal base. Plate V.
Ht. 7-3 cm., with base 9-5 cm. P'ouiid uitli the preceding. Payne Knight Coll.
(xxxviii. 2). In admirable preservation.

35. Zeus, seated. In his r. hand he liolds a thunderbolt on his lap, ornamented with two
Corinthian capitals ; the 1. is raised, and lias held a scejitre. The head is of tlie usual
type, with thick curling liair, round wliicli is a wrtatli, the tie iianging over tlie r.
 ROMAN SILVER WORK. II

shoulder. He wears sandals, and a himation round the lower part of the body, the
end caught up over the 1. shoulder his feet rest on a stool. ; Plate VI.
Ht. 7-2 cm. Purchased 1919
formerly in the possession of
;

Lord Home. From

the style and condition of the statuette it is
almost certain that it formed part of the Macon find. The
drapery, wreath-tie, laces of sandals, and thunderbolt are gilded.

36. Zeus, seated. r. hand he has held a sceptre

In his raised ;

the 1. rests on Benign type of features

his knee. himation ;

over r. leg, twisted round the waist, and caught up at the

back on 1. shoulder. On the himation, remains of gilding ;

the seat is flat, and there is also a flat support for the feet.
Ht. 6-3 cm. Castellani, 1872. In good condition.

37. Head of Apollo or Woman. Looks upwards ; richly curling

^
Fig. 7 No. 36.
hair.

Ht. I •
5 cm. Broken from a figure.

38. Aphrodite. Cnidian type she stands holding out r. hand with open
;

palm, and 1. hand before pubes she wears a bracelet on 1. wrist, and
;

round the neck a tore with pearl pendant (modern) her hair is ;

gathered in a bow at the top of the head and in a knot at the nape Fig. 8 = No. 37.
of the neck.

Ht. i2'7 cm., with ancient bronze base 15-5 cm. Hertz Coll., 1859 {Cat., 154). Cat. of
Bronzes, No. 1105 Bernoulli, Aphrodite, p. 218, No. 16. Surface largely broken away,
;

especially on body and legs fingers of right hand broken.

;

39. Aphrodite. Stands on small square base, looking down to her 1., with hands raised ;

her hair knotted at the nape of the neck, with curls falhng on the shoulders, and
is

round her lower limbs is drapery knotted in front of the pubes.

Ht. 3-3 cm. Castellani, 1872. Both hands wanting.

40. Aphrodite. Stands on the top of a column (now wanting), with r. hand by her side
and 1. raised, holding some object ; she is nude, with hair knotted at the back.
Ht. 2-8 cm. Payne Knight Coll. {MS. Cat. xc. 7). Somewhat worn and indistinct.

41. Aphrodite and Eros. Aphrodite stands with 1. leg bent and 1. hand raised, looking
down at Eros on her r. and placing r. hand on his head he grasps her r. leg with ;

both hands. The goddess is nude her hair is parted and waved. ;

Ht. 23 cm.

42. Eros. He stands with 1. leg bent and face upturned, holding up a cup in r. hand and
supporting the r. arm with the 1. He has small wings, and his hair is waved in thick
masses round his face.
Ht. II '5 cm. Coarse work and in poor condition.
 13 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

43. Infant Dionysos. He has a chubbj' face and short curlj' hair he sits with body ;

inchncd to his 1., 1. leg bent up and r. foot thrust out, looking round to his r. In
his arms he holds a binich of grapes. Moulded base, circular above,
octagonal below. Plate VII.
Ht. 9-5 cm. Cairo, 1894. In bad condition, surface much corroded.

44. Isis. She holds in 1. hand a cornucopia, and in the r. a patera, from
which a serpent feeds, and a steering-oar. Her hair is parted and
knotted at the back, and she wears a sphendone, a calathos sur-
mounted by a crescent enclosing the lunar disc, between feathers,
long chiton, and himation over 1. shoulder.
Ht. 5-5 cm. Blacas Coll., 1867. Well modelled and in fine condition.
Cf. the bronze types [Cat. 1456 ff.).

45. Isis, similar. She stands with r. foot drawn back, and holds a
Fig. 9
cornucopia and a steering-oar (?) in 1. hand the attribute in the
;

r. is wanting. Head-dress broken awaj' wears sphendone {?), long chiton knotted
;

on the breast in the nodus Isiaciis, and himation veiling the head and falling in folds
down to the r. knee.

Ht. 4-8 cm. Blacas Coll. 1867. In poor condition.

46. Isis. She stands on a small plinth, holding a stecring-oar (?) in 1. hand her hair is ;

parted and knotted at the nape of the neck, and she wears a head-dress consisting of
the lunar disc between feathers, long chiton, and himation over 1. shoulder.

Ht. 3-6 cm. Blacas Coll., 1867. Right fore-arm wanting.

47. Harpocrates. He stands on a small plinth, with r. fore-iinger

])lai:c(lon his mouth, and a cornucopia in 1. hand he has small ;

wings, and wears on his head the crowns of the North and South
with a crescent in front drapery hangs over his 1. shoulder. At
;

his r. side a dog is seated, which tmns its head round towards him ;

on the 1. is a tree-trunk round which is twisted a serpent, and

beyond this is a seated eagle.
Fig. TO = No. 47.
Ht. 2-3 cm. Perugia, 1873. Cf. the bronze types [Cat. 1473 tf.).

48. Harpocrates (?). .\ nude childish figure standing with 1. leg bent on a small plinth ;

iiair ti((l in a Ijow on top of head some object slung over r. shoulder ring at back
; ;

for suspension.

Ht. 2'6 cm. Found near Mt. Vesuvius. Payne Knight Coll. (.\liii. 0). .'\nns wanting.

49. Harpocrates. He stands with 1. leg bent, placing r. fore-finger (broken) on his
nioutii ; the1. seems to have held some object. He is winged, and has thickly-
curling hair, surmounted by a crescent, and in it is intertwined a wreath. .\ delicately-
wrought gold chain crosses his figure in frunt and passes through a loop .it (lie hack,
 3

ROMAN SILVKR WORK. 1

to which a gold hoop of twisted wire is also attached. At his feet arc a dog, a bird,
and a tortoise, and at his 1. side is a tree-stem (?) ; the bird has a gold ring round its

neck. PLATE V.
Ht. 7 cm. Found in digging tlie foundations of the new London Bridge, i Nov., 1825.
Presented by Messrs. Rundcll and Bridge, 1825 Roach Smith, 111. Rom. Land., p. 73, ;

pi. 22 .\llen, Hisl. of London, i., p. 32 (plate)

; Victoria County Hist, of London, i., p. log,;

fig. 48.

50. Abundantia (?), small figure of, forming an amulet. She has a cornucopia in 1. hand,
and wears a calathos, long girt chiton, and himation round lower limbs. Ring at
back small base.
;

Ht. 3 cm. Blacas Coll., 1867. Right hand wanting.

51. Goddess, enthroned. She is seated in chair with high straight back but no arms,

on a high open base she wears a long chiton and himation over her knees, and holds
;

in 1. hand a cornucopia.
Ht. 3 cm. Very indistinct ; features nearly obliterated ; right fore-arm lost.

Fig. I r = No. 50. No. / Fig. 13 = No. 54.

53.

52. Goddess. She stands on a small phnth, looking to her 1., and holding a crescent-
shaped object in r. hand her hair is waved in front and knotted up on the crown
;

of the head over her r. shoulder

; and round her lower limbs is a himation, the edge
of which she draws forward with 1. hand.
Ht. 2-5 cm.

53. Seilenos with infant Dionysos (?). He moves to 1., with face to front, carrying the
child face outwards on his r. arm. ; he grasps it round the waist with r. hand and
holds its feet (now broken away) in his r. arm. Small base.
Ht. 2-5 cm.

54. Amazon. Wears high-crested helmet and short girt chiton twisted up round the
waist ; shield on 1. arm.
Ht. 5 cm. Blacas Coll., 1S67. In poor condition ; feet and right arm wanting, and
helmet and shield injured.
 14 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

55. Shepherd. .A. bo\-ish figure, standing with r. foot drawn back ;

he has short hair, and wears a chlamys fastened over the shoulders,
a chiton reaching to the knees, and high boots leaving the toes bare.
In 1. hand he holds a and
bottle of skin suspended from the shoulder,
at the back, suspended from the brooch which fastens 'the chlamys,
is a large bag or pouch of skin, in which is a sheep (head and fore-

legs visible). Plate VI.

Ht. 8 cm. Blacas ColL, 1867. Right hand broken away ; otherwise
in good condition.

56. Woman Dancing. She stands on tiptoe with legs close together ;

her hair waved and knotted at the back, and she wears a long
is

chiton with overfold, the skirt of which she holds up with her
hands on either side.
Ht. 5-5 cm. Blacas Coll., 1867.
Fig. 14 = No. 35.
57. Head of Cow. Horns curved round in front, nearly meeting.

Length 2-3 cm. From Kertch. Presented by Dr. Duncan

Macpherson, 1856. Well modelled hollow. ;

58. Ram to right ; body stippled all over.

Length 2-5 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (Ixxiii. 2). Two feet missing.

59. Head of Dog (?) Thick hair like a mane below the ears, which
project each side ; broken off from a complete figure.
Ht. 3-8cm. Length 5 cm. Towneley Coll. (?). Surface somewhat
corroded.

60. Mouse, seated on liind-lcgs on a small plinth, eating a fruit or

other object.
Length 3-3 cm. Cf. the bronze types (Cat. 1859 ff.).

6L Cock, on a small plinth, with head raised and beak open, as il

crowing.
Ht. 2-4 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (xxi. 2).
Fig. 15 = No. 56.

(2) RiaJEFS (62-71).

62. Medallion with Head of Zeus. Within a moulded rim, in

very high repouss^ relief head of the Otricoli lyjie, with face
;

turned slightly to his 1. hair in thick Icimine masses of curls,

;

and thick curly beard.

Diam. 11-5 cm. Greece, 1912. Lower edge broken away.

63. Head of Herakles, in repousse relief. Beardless lion's skin ;

drawn over head as a cap, with paws knotted under chin.

Ht. 2'5cm. Acquired 1854. Good work and in fine condition,
but left side injured. Kig. 16 = No. 63.
 ROMAN .SILVER WORK.

64. Mask of Medusa. In repousse relief ; late beautiful type ; small wings over
temples ; hair parted and falling in rich curls down each side of the face, and serpents
knotted under the chin. Plate VII
Ht. 8-40111. Diam. yscm. Purchased in Rome pre- ;

sented by G. Buchan Simpson, Esq., 1873. In good

condition.

65. Medallion. Within a border of beads, bust of

Athena with face turned slightly to her
(?) 1. ; winged
helmet with crest, and drapery on bust.
Diam. 3-3 cm. Very rough late work ; broken across.

66. Medallion in pear-shaped setting, with plinth below,

on a thin plate of silver. Within a double cable-
border, relief of Hermes to 1., nude, with short curly
hair ; inhand he holds out a purse and in 1. a
r.

caduceus. At his side and at his feet are a cock to

r. and a ram to 1. (both very rude). Below, forming terminations to the cable-borders,
are two beardless masks (? the Dioscuri), and between them a bunch of grapes.
Ht. 2-4 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (Ixxxix. 73). Given to Payne Knight by Sir R. Worsley.

67. Medallion with relief. Dionysos and Ariadne Dionysos is seated to 1., leaning :

against Ariadne and turning round to look up at her his r. hand is placed on his ;

head. Ariadne is seated to the front, but looks round at Dionysos she grasps his 1. ;

Fig. 19 =N Fig. 20 = No. 6S.

arm with her 1., and places r. arm round his neck. Dionysos has a himation over his
lower limbs, and Ariadne wears a long chiton. On the 1. a Seilenos with draperj'
twisted round his lower limbs, holds out r. hand to them in 1. hand he holds a ;

thyrsus. In the background are vine-tendrils with bunches of grapes.

Diam. 2-5 cm.

68. Medallion, an ivory stud. Head of Helios (?) to the front, beardless and
set in

radiated, with drapery on bust behind him the ends of wings (?) are visible. Round
;

the edge of the stud is a cable-mo Ldding.

Diam. 3-3 cm. Corfu, 1S65.
 i6 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

69. Medallion. Within a moulded rim and border of stamped

dots, Achilles seated on a rock to 1., with face turned to
front, fastening a sandal on his r. foot chlamj's over ;

shoulders. Before him is a column on which is a crested

helmet from it are suspended his shield, sword, and spear.
;

Diam. 2-S cm. Acquired 1894.

70. Cover of Mirror-Case. The cover is of polished silver,

and in it is set a niodallion with design in relief represent-
ing a revel of Dionysos, Eros, and Seilenos ; round the
Fig. ii = No. 69.
design band of engraved wave-pattern between rings
is a
of beading and of punctured dots. The three figures are represented dancing, facing
to the front in the middle is Dionysos, who, with r. foot drawn back, looks round
;

at Eros on his 1., and places an arm on the shoulder of each companion. Dionj'sos
wears high boots and a wreath \vith ribbons falling over his shoulders. Eros, whose
r. leg is raised, places his r. hand behind Dionysos' back he wears a wreath round ;

his head, and holds a torch in 1. hand. The Seilenos on the 1. plays the double flutes,
and wears a wreath and a skin over his shoulders. Plate VIII.
Diam. i3-7cm. From Aquileia. Castellani, 1866 (Sa/« Cn/. No. 345). Compare a similar
mirror-case from an Etruscan tomb of the third century r.c, now at Boston, Amer. Jotirn.
of Arch. 1918, p. 258.

71. Medallion, from cover of mirror-case, with repousse and engra\-ed design in high
relief. The goddess is seated to 1. on a rock strewn with
Toilet of Aphrodite :

flowers, looking back her 1. hand is placed on a tortoise lying on the rock, and with
;

the r. she takes ointment (?) from a shell held out by a female figure who stands
facing her. Her hair is plaited along the top of the head and knotted up at the
back, with long curls falling on the shoulders she wears bracelets and a himation ;

round lower limbs, twisted up over the thighs, the edge being weighted down.
The female figure, apparently a statue, stands on a plinth or altar with moulded
cornice, on the front of which are a wreath and festoon ; her hair is arranged like
Aphrodite's, and she wears a long girt chiton with over-fold and vandyked lower
border. On the r. is Eros facing to the front, nude, holding a conical wicker basket
with both hands on his head ; no wings are visible. Beyond him is a quadrilateral
object (incised) beyond the woman a thyrsus, and below Aphrodite a doljiliin to 1.
;

In the field are also a butterfly and a four-petalled flower in the e.xergue of the ;

design are Pan's-pipes, a crow between two stars, a grasshopper, and a lyre. All the
objects in the field are incised.
Diam. 9-3 cm. From Tarentum. Formerly in possession of H. Vint of Colchester;
acquired 1853. Archacologia, xxxiv. pi. 21, p, 265 H. Wallers, Art of the Greeks, pi. iii. ;

Bernoulli, Aphrodite, p. 385. Kim injured in places.

(3) VASES (72--93)-

72. Bowl or Cup. Hemispherical, with plain rim. Round the exterior, a frieze with
ring of beads above and below : Eight cranes in pairs, divided by four trees, each of
 ROMAN SILVER WORK. 17

two twisted or branching stems (i) Two cranes confronted, devouring a water-
:

serpent between them below, two plants. (2) Crane to r. with head bent round,
;

biting its 1. leg, and another to front, with head downwards, biting r. foot.
(3) Crane
to r. biting a serpent coiled on the ground, and another to 1. with r. foot raised, about
to pounce on another serpent on the ground with its beak. (4) Two cranes con-
fronted, the one on the 1. with head raised, the other with head downwards, each
devouring part of a serpent between them, a plant.
; Plate XII.
Ht. 5-6 cm. Diam. 9-7 cm. Boocke Sale, 1856 (Lot 157) formerly in Fejervary
;

Coll. (Cat. 250). Mon. dell' Inst. 1854, p. 90, No. 20 Monum. Plot, v. p. 219. Bottom
;

broken or cut away. For the subject compare the Boscoreale cup [Monum. Plot, v.

Fig. 22 = No. 71.

pis. 11-12) ; Babelon, Trcsor de Bevthouville,

pi. 22 a vase from Hadrian's villa in the
;

Museo delleTerme at Rome

(Helbig-Reisch, Ffihrer'^, ii. No. 1324); Wiegand, Priene, p. 418 ;

the Ateius vase at Mainz (Proc. Camb. Antiq. Soc. No. 48 (1907), pi. 5, p. 112) Dechelette,
;

Vases de la Gaiile romaine, i. p. 235, and ii. p. 146, Nos. 989, 990. Probably dates from
the first half of the first century after Christ.

73. Trulla. Shallow bowl, the interior ornamented with curved flutings in the centre ;

is a medallion with a group of the Three Graces, of the usual type (as No. 132),
nude, with arms round each other's necks details indistinct. Handle with trilobe
;

termination (as No. 135), prolonged on either side at base along the rim of the bowl
C
 8

1 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

in the form of a swan's head, behind which on each side is a dog with face to the
front, seizing a hare by its hind-qiiarters. On the base of the handle are two gilt

rosettes within tendrils. On the top of the handle is a bust of Juno or Diana in
relief, to the front, with hair falling in curls on the shoulders, wearing sphendone, and
gilt draper}- over 1. shoulder ; along the edge of the bust, four rosettes ; on either
side is the head of an eagle in relief.

The middle part of the handle is occupied by a design in relief representing Mars
and Rea Silvia ]\Iars stands with face to front and 1. leg crossed over r., looking
:

down to his 1. at the sleeping figure of Rea he is represented like the Greek Ares, ;

with Corinthian helmet, chlamys over 1. arm, spear in r. hand, and circular shield.
Rea lies on her back with r. arm over her head and knees drawn up, 1. hand on the
ground over her head hovers a Cupid, and on the 1. another Cupid withdraws the
;

drapery from her body, disclosing her form to Mars. Plate IX.

Diam. 13- 7 cm. Length of handle, 4 in. Syria, 1902. Bull, de la Soc. des Antiqs. de
France, 1902, p. 150. Part of the bowl, which is very thin, is broken away. The main
design is gilded over in places.
For the subject compare coins of Antoninus Pius and Gallienus and B.M. Cat. of Gems,
No. 1693 for the sleeping figure of Rea the type of the \'atican Ariadne has been adopted.
;

See Roscher, Lexikon, s.v. Rea, p. 63, where a list of monuments is given, but this is omitted;
also R. Rochette, Mon. Ini'd. pis. 7-9, p. 30 Memorie deW Inst. ii. p. 143 Bonner ; ;

Jahrhiicher, i. p. 45, pis. 1-2 K. O. Mueller, Arch. d. Kunst, p. 575^ §373

;
Helbig, ;

Untersuch. i/ber d.Cainp. Wandm., p. 6; Arch.-epigr. Mitteil. aus Oesterr. xiii. (1890), p.
59 ff. The story is told in Ovid, Fasti, iii. 20 ff. Stat. Silv. i. 2, 243 cf. Juv. xi. 106 n. ; ;

74. Situla (Form 6). Straight-sided, curving inwards at base, with low broad foot ;

on the rim are two attachments, each pierced wdth a hole through which pass the
hooks terminating the handle the latter is twisted like a tore, and is movable
; ;

the hooks end in bud-shaped knobs. Rim moulded on exterior, with band of beads.
Round the exterior is Four Seasons (i) Spring seated
a frieze representing the :

sidewaj's moving to 1., her legs towards its tail, looking over
on the back of a panther

her r. shoulder her hair is parted and waved, and wreathed with flowers
;
over her ;

legs is a himation, caught up over her r. arm and arched over her head, the
ends being caught and held out with her 1. hand in r. hand she holds a spray with ;

two In front of the panthir is a tall basket full of flowers, above which
flowers.
hovers a winged Genius wreathed with llowers, flying to 1., and holding witli lioth
hands drapery which is twisted round his waist and flies out behind. [On the 1. of
this, broken away.] On the r. are two Genii, one above the other
part of the vase is ;

the former, who is winged, flies towards Spring, holding out a sash (?) in bolh iiands ;

the other (unwinged) looks upwards and carries a kid cm iiis shdulders drajiery floats ;

behind him.
(2) Summer M-atfd on a bull, i)olli la( ing to r., the bull also seated. Sununer's
hair is knotted up at the back, with tresses falling on the siiouldiTs, and
in it over lur lower limbs is a himation, forming an arch behind
arc ears of corn ;

her, the end caught round her I. arm. ilir r. hanil rests on the bull's liindipiarters,

and in the 1. she holds ears of corn. Behind her are two (ienii the u])|Hr one ;

'unwinged) moves to !., looking back, holding lUapery with both hands, which waves
 ROMAN SILVER WORIC.

over his head. The other (winged) is to r., and holds a sickle in r.

hand and a winnowing-fan (?) in 1. over his shoulders is drapery.

;

(3) Autumn reclining on the back of a panther which moves to 1.,

looking round to her r. ; she wears a vine-wreath round her hair, which
falls in tresseson her shoulders round her lower limbs and over her
;

arms is a mantle, the edge of which she holds with r. hand. In her
r. hand is also a vine-branch with a bunch of grapes, and in 1. a basket

full of grapes and other fruit, her 1. knee being drawn up to support

it. Before the panther a Genius (winged) advances, looking round,

with drapery over his shoulders his 1. hand is raised, and with the r.
;

he holds a flat basket of fruit (see below) on his head. On the r. a

winged Genius hovers above, holding a bunch of grapes on a stalk in
r. hand on the ground-level is a similar figure holding the panther's
;

tail with 1., the r. hand being raised to urge it on. Both have
drapery over the shoulders the last-named raises his r. hand,
;

')/'
apparently threatening the Genius in front for having stolen his
basket.
Winter, an elderly woman, is seated on the back of a reclining
(4)
boar, with r. hand on its hind-quarters, wearing long chiton, and
himation wrapped round her body and over her head. Behind her
.fr^
head is a Genius wearing a hooded cloak (cuciiUus), carrying a shepherd's
y\
crook in 1. hand and two birds by the legs in r. Before her is visible the
head of another Genius (winged) on a higher level. All this group is ^:
much damaged.
Below the main design is a narrow (in two
frieze of four Cupids
groups) riding over the sea on marine monsters on a sea-lion: The first is

with long coiled tail the second, facing, on a sea-horse

; between ;

them, a scallop-shell, and on the r., fore-part of a large dolphin to 1.

The other group is similar, with an anchor between the Cupids and a
steering-oar on the r. The sea-monsters' tails have triple-pointed ter-
minations. The sea is indicated by fishes, dolphins, and shells at
intervals. PLS. X.-XI.
Ht. 18 cm. Diam. 20-6 cm. Found in 1842 at Tourdan near Vienne,
Isere, France. In the possession first of M. Gerard and afterwards of M.
Savignd bought 1859. T. C. Delorme, Notice siir itne-zfase antique en
;

argent dt'couvert dans les environs de Vienne (with plate reprinted from ;

Journal de Vienne, 29 Apr. 1843) Wieseler in Ann. dell' Inst., 1852, pi. L,
;

p. 216 S. Reinach, Repertoire de Reliefs, ii. p. 473

; Willers, Bronzeeimer
;

von Heminoor, p. 178, fig. 65; Bonner J alirb. 118, p. ig6. No. 67; Babelon,
Tresor de Berthouville, p. 62 Arch. Zeit. 1846, p. 358. The vase has been
;

damaged on the bottom and one side by the pick of the excavator, and
there is also a large hole obliterating part of group (4) of the main design ;

the walls are very thin except at top and base. \\'illers notes that this
type of situla is peculiar to Gaul.
The Seasons are not of the well-known New .^ttic type, as seen on
' '

the Campana reliefs, the Arretine vase in the Brit. Mus. (L 54) and other
works of the Augustan age they may however be compared with the
;

paintings from the tomb of the Nasonii (Bartoli, Le Pitture antichi del
C 2
 20 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

Sepolcro del Nasonii, pis. 22-25) see also the Wilton House sarcophagus (Robert, Ant.
'•

Sarkophag-reliefs. iii. pi. 136, no. 432). The resting animals of Summer and Winter may be
intended to suggest the stationary position of the sun at the solstices, while the moving
panthers of Spring and Autumn indicate the activity of Nature at the equino.xes. On
the Horae generally in art, see Roscher, Lexikon, s.v. Hermaim, de Horanim figuris ;
;

Von Rohden and' Winnefeld, Antike Terrakotten, iv. pt. i, p. 89; Kohert, Ayitike
Sarkophag-Reliefs, ii. p. 3 ff.

75. Bowl. Form as Cat. of Roman Pottery,

pi. 42, No. 22, with vertical sides and
low foot. Round the exterior is a frieze
consisting of by
two groups di\'ided
masks (i) Stag running to r., pursued
:

by a dog, with a tree between on r., ;

a youthful male mask to 1. (2) Doe

running to 1., pursued by a dog, with
tree between on the r., head of woman to r., with hair knotted at back.
;
Above
and below the design are double rows of beading.

Fig. 24/. = N,.. 75.

Ht. 2- 7 cm. Diam. 6-8 cm. Found at Valence, Dr6me, France, 1817. Comarmond
Coll.,1851. Bronze, plated with silver in the interior. For the style of decoration cf.
the Caubiac bowl. No. 139, and Bonner J ahrbiicher, 118, p. 190, fig. 3.

76. Vase. Globular body with flat base orifice about 23 mm. wide, with moulded rim
; ;

may have had a lid. Roimd the body is a frieze in relief, representing a fishing-
scene from the salt lakes of the Egyptian Delta Beardless fisherman to r., with hat
:

and short loose chiton, holding a basket in r. hand and a string of fish in 1., his 1. leg
is wanting. In the field in front is a crab on the r., above, two fishes in high relief
; ;

below, duck to 1. standing on a fish, with head thrust out. Next is an elderly fisher-
man, bald and beardless, wearing loin-cloth, seated to 1. on a rock he holds a fishing- ;

rod in 1. hand, with a fish at the end of the line which he lifts with r. hand. On
his lap is an uncertain object, and at his feet a wicker basket with loop-handle in ;

the field, a shell. Behind him is a shallow basket with loop-handle of cord at each
end, in which is a fish below it, a cuttle-fish, head downwards.
; Next are two
large fishes, crossed, and another below beyond, a basket and a fish suspended.
;

Plate XII.
Ht. 5 cm. Egypt, 1902. Boniier Jahrb. 1 18, p. 180, No. 5 Journ. Hell. Stud. .\.\xiii. p. 216.
;

Cf. Schreiber, Alexandrin. Torcutili, p. 325, fig. 63, and for the fishermen cf. Dechelctte,
Vases de la Gallic, i. p. 237, ii. p. 91, types 556-559.

77. Patera (Form i). Low foot and moulded rim. In the interior, witliin a band of leaf-
pattern as No. 8 (developed from the ],esbian kymation) and rings oihcwX'^, rcpoiissr
design of Eros seated to 1. on the l)ack of a sea-monster, the n])l\niu(l luad <>l whieli
he strikes with a trident. Eros has curly hair and small wings the monster has a ;

combination of a wolf's and an- eagle's heads, with long snout or beak and long
 ;

ROMAN SILVER WORK. 21

ears ; its body is covered with circles and stippling, and its tail ends in a triple point.
Round the rim of the interior eight plants or trees are faintly incised.
On the exterior is an engraved design representing an Egyptian landscape :

The water of the Nile is indicated

by waves, in which is a Nile-boat,
with a man in it bending forward
to and plying a pole. In front
r.

of him is a lotos-plant, and

beyond on r. a serpent rearing to
r., confronting a seated dog
between them and behind the
dog are lotos-plants, and three
more beyond. Next is a crocodile
to 1. in the background, and in
the field five lotos-plants ; beyond,
an ibis pecking the ground to
1., and three lotos-flowers, also
another object. All the flowers
seem to be the lotos, in different
stages of growth, or seen from
different points of view.
Plate VIII.
Fig. 25 = No. 77 fe.it.).
Diam. 12-5 cm. Asia Minor, 1894.
Very late style. For tlie Egyptian scenes cf. the terracotta reliefs such as D 633 ff. in
Brit. Mus., and Von Rohden and Winnefeld, Antike Terrakotten, iv. pt. i, p. 159 (with
reff. there given). -;

78. Flask. Long cylindrical neck, the mouth broken^away slender stem and small ;

foot body top-shaped. Round the neck, two gilt bands of ornament, vandyke-
;

pattem between rings of punctured dots, and wave-pattern between similar rings ;

round the stem long acanthus-leaves with points between, also gilt. Round the
shoulder, frieze of ox-skulls alternating with festoons, above which are four-petalled
flowers. Round
the body, a frieze of figures representing a sacrifice to Artemis :

Woman advancing 1. foot and holding out a lyre in r. hand her hair is knotted
to r., ;

at the back, and she wears bracelets, and himation (gilt) round her lower limbs. In
front of her is an altar, over which a nude beardless figure facing to the front holds
up a human mask or osciUum he wears a himation (gilt) twisted round his loins,
'
;

and appears to hft with his 1. a conventionally-treated fold of his drapery. The altar
is form of an Ionic capital with oval top it is gilded and punctured aU over
in the ;

with dots. Behind the man is a tall jar with fluted rim and gilded body, round
which is a band of Vandyke pattern over this a woman (as the first one) to 1. holds
;

a female mask (with hair knotted at back) before her face from it hangs a tress of ;

hair. Next are a man as before facing to the front, with arms extended and a ;

Perhaps a substitute for a human sacrifice; cf. Macrobius, Snt. i. 7, 11.

 22 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

woman to the front looking to r., with r. hand by her side ; her hair is knotted up,
with a fillet round it, and she wears long girt chiton with overfold ; in 1. hand she
holds up some object. Ne.xt is woman
with both hands extended
a hair as
to r. ;

last, and himation round lower limbs with a fold caught up over 1. arm beyond her ;

is a piece of conventional drapery (?). Plate XIII.

Ht. 12-2 cm. Castellani, 1865. Very coarse late style, with much gilding.

79. Amphora. Elongated body, narrowing slightly at neck, with slightly projecting
lip. The handles are of scroll-form, and are ornamented with vine-leaves and grapes
in relief (some of the leaves gilt) they ha\'e diamond-shaped terminations on which
;

are gilt vine-leaves, with gilt lozenges in the angles. Round the neck is an ivy-
wreath with berries round the body, a scroll
; of vine-pattern with leaves and grapes ;

the berries and leaves are gilt in both cases. Plate XIII.
Ht. II cm. Castellani, 1872. \\ell executed and in good condition.

80. Jar. Form as No. 11 body nearly spherical, narrowing at neck, with spreading
;

lip no foot or handle. Round the shoulder, Lesbian kymation with gilt edges on a
;

stippled background round the body (below the widest part) a narrow wreath tied
;

round at intervals between two bands of beads. Underneath the base, a rosette of
eight narrow leaves with wavy tendrils between, on a sti])pled background.
Plate XIII.
Ht. 8-1 cm. Athens, 1895. Walters, Art of the Greeks, pi. iii. In fine condition ; very
thin at lip.

81. Jar. Ovoid bodj' with moulded ring of beads at base of neck, low
foot, and spreading mouth round the inside ; of the hp is a double
ring.

From Coimbra, Portugal. Presented by J. Henderson,

Ht. 10-3 cm.
Esq., Somewhat injured, and distorted in shape thin walls.
1870. ;

Apparently made in two pieces and joined at base of neck. With the
vase were found six Roman denarii, two of the gens Iidia, one each of
the gentes Caipurnia, Claudia, and Marcia, and one of C. Julius Caesar
(B.C. 50-49 see Grueber, Cat. of Roman Coins, ii. p. 390).
;

82. Bowl. Deep form with vertical sides and no handle ;

walls very thin. The exterior is ornamented with

rcpoiissc' patterns of vine-leaves and tendrils, very well
executed ; the foliage is gilded throughout.
Plate XI.
Ht. 9-3 cm. Diam. 14-7 cm. Blacas Coll., 1807. Some-
what injured and distorted.

83. Bowl. Shallow form, witlumt foot or handles (cf. No.

327) ; moulded rim, and ring round centre of interior,
which is highly polished.
Ht. 6 cm. Diam. 18-4 cm. In good condition. j7=No
Kit
 ROMAN SILVER WORK.

84. Bowl. Ellipsoidal in form with high rim curving outwards, and no foot. Round
the upper part of the l^ody, band of Lesbian kymation; below, tongue-pattern with
darts between; on the base, moulded concentric
rings.

Ht. 5-6 cm. Diam, at mouth 8-75 cm. Much injured

and corroded.

85. Bowl. Bronze, silver-plated ; form nearly as Cat. of

Roman Pottery, pi. 41, fig. 8, with moulded rim,
straight sides, and no foot.

Ht. 7 cm.Diam. 16 cm. From France. Morel Coll.,

1904. One side damaged, being split along the lower edge of the bowl. The under-side
of the bowl is not silver-plated, but has a good patina.

86. Dish [Lanx). Oval shape with plain

rim at each end a flat ornamental
;

handle-piece with irregularly-cut out-

line, pierced with a hole for suspension.
Length 30 cm. From Egypt. Pre-
sented by G. Willoughby Fraser, Esq.,
1892. Much corroded throughout traces ;

of fire on under side.

87. Square Dish. Low

foot circular depression in centre (31 cm. diam.)
; rim bent ;

over outwards. Along the rim are large knobs or beads, punched out from below ;

within these are, on opposite sides (i) scrolls with feathery leaves
:
(2) a band of ;

tongue-pattern with straight-sided terminations between two wreaths (for which

compare Cat. of Roman Pottery, pi. 33, No. 12) in the angles are triangles of engraved
;

scale or feather patterns. Li the centre is a circle of similar scale or feather pattern
enclosed by concentric circles, and within this is a band of similar circles.
PLATE XIV.

Dimensions 37 '5 x 37 '5 cm. Weight 69 oz. (2150 grammes). Found in December
1839 at Second Alder Carr between Mileham and Longham, near East Dereham, Norfolk.
Archaeologia, xxix. p. 389, pi. 42 Arch. Journ. xlvi. p. 340
; Victoria County Hist, of
;

Norfolk, i. p. 310, with plate (fig. 24). Surface damaged and broken in two places rim ;

also broken at one corner. For the row of knobs along the rim compare several of the
fragments of silver vases recently found near Whittinghame in
Scotland, of late Roman date {Antiquaries Journal, i., Jan. 1921,
P- 43)-

88. Lekythos. Flattened body with cylindrical neck, into which

is fitted a cylindrical stopper with top in form of flat disc
with raised knob in centre; no handle. Round the neck,
pairs of incised rings, and underneath the body pairs of incised
concentric circles.
Ht. 6- 5 cm. From Bordighera. Presented by J. A. Goodcliild,
Esq., 1885. In good condition except base, the surface of which is
much damaged. Fig. 30 = No,
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

89. Alabastron. Usual form, with straight-sided body, wide lip, and
small ears ; contains blue pigment (silicate of copper).

Ht. 5-5 cm. Eretria, 1894. Surface much corroded.

90. Ink-pot. Cylindrical, the top closed in except for a small orifice for
filling, to which a
has been attached by a hinge, The whole is of
lid

bronze, the surface being covered with niello, in which the decoration
is inlaid in gilt and silver. The rim of the orifice and hinge of lid are
No.
silver ; the patterns round this, consisting of an i\y-wrcath between two ^'b-3' = : So.

rings of wave-pattern, are gilt.

Round the body is a frieze of figures with scenes from the
story of Telephos, with a double band of wave-pattern abo\e
and below the whole is inlaid in silver, except the drapery,
;

which is in niello, with details in silver, (i) Herakles seated

on a rock to 1., turning round to r., with r. leg bent under
the 1., 1. hand resting on the rock, and hand extended he is
r. ;

bearded, and behind him is drapery. The hind which

(2)
suckled Telephos, standing to r., with head turned round to

Fig. 32rt = No. go. Fig. 32/' = No. t;o.

1. ;
her attitude is that of the scenes where she is actually suckhng the child [cf.
Campana, Ant. opere in Plasl. pi. 25), but there are no traces of the other figure here.
(3) A young man, perhaps Telephos, seated to r., turning round to 1., and holding
a large branch in r. hand under him is drapery, twisted round his 1. knee. (4) A
;

woman, perhaps his wife Astyoche, seated in back view, with head turned to 1.,
and 1. hand raised her hair is knotted at the back, and under her is drapery.
;

The scene is bounded at each end liy vertical lines. Underneath are moulded
concentric circles

Ht. 4 cm.Acfjiiircd at Count Milano's sale, 1853. Bttll. Arch. Nap., ist ser. pi. 7,
fig. 5, p.121 Koschcr, l.e.xikon, iv. p. 300. Silver worn away in parts, especiallv on the
;

figures of Telephos and Astyoche, On the .subject see also Jahn, Telephos und' Troths,
p. 6 ff. and Arch. Aiifs. p. 224 Arch. Zeit. 1882, p. 257
; ; Roscher,Z.e^i7fo«, i. p. 2247 ; Von
Kohden and \\"\nnclQ\d,Anlike Terrakollen. iv. pi. 127, fig.2, p. 96. I-'or tlie jiattcrns on
the top, cf. Bluemrier, Technologic, iv. p. 273, fig. 32.
 ROMAN SILVER WORK. 25

91. Ink-pot, similar. Except for the main subject, similar in all respects to the preceding,
with which it forms a pair ; the two were perhaps originally united, like the ink-pots
illustrated in Museo Borhonico, i. pi. 12.

Frieze of figures from the story of Telephos, perhaps representing the combat of
his son Eurypylos with Neop-
tolemos [Od. xi. 519) (i) :

Neoptolemos, wearing crested

helmet, cuirass, and boots, with
sword in r. hand and shield
on 1. arm advances to attack
Eurypylos, who is similarly
armed. (2) A woman, perhaps
Cassandra (to whom Eurypylos
was betrothed) rushing towards \ST£iT9T3l9^^to^g)X9^TPTai9T5T5te^E)TS)T£>^T9g)T9T9feToTsTotolDT!>N
the combatants with raised Fig. j3 = No. 91.
'

arms and flying hair she ;

wears a long chiton, and over her arms is a scarf. (3) A man (perhaps Telephos)
seated in back view to r. on a rock, looking round his r. hand is raised, and his ;

1. rests on the rock, over which is drapery.

Ht. 4 cm. Similarly acquired. BuU. Arch. Nap., ist ser. pi. 7, fig. 5. P- 121. Silver
worn away in places, especially on the figures (2) and (3). The shields and boots of the
combatants, the cuirass of Neoptolemos, and the drapery of the other figures are inlaid
in niello, with details in silver, the rest of the design in silver, with
carefully-incised details.

92. Ink-pot (?). Cylindrical, swelhng out at top, with separate lid.

Polished surface ; round the sides and on the lid are engraved
pairs of rings.

Ht. &• 5 cm. From Cologne. Presented by A. W. Franks, Esq., 187S

Much injured at base.

93. Shell (?). Oval form, surrounded by a flat rim, the base of the
shell broken away on the rim is engraved a Vandyke pattern. In
;

the centre a design in repousse relief : Two dolphins plunging down- Fig. 34 = No. 92.

wards, their heads to-

gether ; in the field,

which is covered with

punctured dots, five
pairs of crescent-shaped
objects. On the 1. are
also a trident and two
elongated objects, crossed
at an acute angle one ;

ends in a sort of double

triangular blade, and each
is divided at intervals Fig. 35 = ko. „.
 26 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

by mouldings ;
possibly they are weapons used for catching fish [cf. the arilSapi]
SoKi<; described by Oppian, Halieut. iv. 531).

Length 17-2 cm. Castellani, 1884 (Sale Cat., Paris, No. 199). One side apparently
injured by fire ; remains of gilding.

(4) MISCELLANEOUS OBJECTS (94-118)-

94. Spoon (Type A, Large egg-shaped bowl, slightly concave, with plain flat rim,
Fig. 36).
the pointed end being away from the handle. Handle ending in a keel under the ' '

bowl, and then turning over in a volute-form, to which is attached a double volute
or calyx, the rest of the stem being elaborately moulded.
Length 18-5 cm. Purchased in Egj-ptby Prof. W. M. Flinders Petrie acquired 1907. ;

Bowl somewhat corroded. On the subject of ancient spoons in general see Jackson in
Archaeologia, Uii. p. 107 ff.

Fig. 36. Spoons (Types A-K).

95. Spoon (Type Egg-shaped bowl as the

A). last, but no rim ;
plain handle, joined to
the bowl by a curved piece at right angles to the stem, and terminating at the other

end in a horse's hoof.

Length 14' 3 cm. Bequeathed by Sir W. Temple, 1S56. Compare Archaeologia,
liii. p. 112, fig. 24.
 MISCELLANEOUS OBJECTS. 27

96. Spoon, similar.

Length 15 cm. Bowl broken in three pieces. Bequeathed by Sir W. Temple, 1856.

97. Spoon (Type B). Bowl as No. 94, but smaller ; handle ending on bowl in a curved
piece at right angles to the stem, which is moulded at each end, the middle part
being octagonal in section. On the handle is incised MER.
Length 16-2 cm. Presented by Miss Preston, 1899. Part of bowl wanting.

98. Spoon (Type B). Small egg-shaped bowl, the pointed end towards the handle ;

concave, with plain rim. Handle as last, but only moulded at the end near the
bowl, the other end being pointed.
Length 13-5 cm. Presented by Miss Preston, 1899. Point of handle broken.

100
Fig. 37. Spoons (Types C-D).

99. Spoon. SimOar, but no rim to bowl, which is polished.

Length 15 cm. From France. Morel Coll., 1904.

100. Spoon (Type C). Bowl of shovel shape with rounded end, concave, with rim
somewhat bent up. Handle as No. 98, but no mouldings on stem.
I Length 15 cm. Towneley Coll. Part of bowl broken away. For the type c/. the Etruscan
•

spoon No. 20.

 28 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

101. Spoon ^Typ>e D). Small circular concave bowl handle in form of duck's head, ;

turned away from the bowl, from the mouth of which issues a long stem ending in
the head of another bird (?) with small head and long narrow beak.
Length 13- 3 cm. Towneley CoU.

102. Spoon, similar, but plain handle with pointed end.

Length 12 cm. Towneley Coll.

103. Spoon as last.

Length 14-5 cm. Bequeathed by Sir W. Temple, 1856.

104. Spoon, similar.

Length 14 cm. Castellani, 1872.

105. Fragment of Spoon, consisting of about two-thirds of the bowl, which is of the
ordinary oval shape it is incised with a design of the
;

fore-part of a deer Ij^ng down to 1. ; before it is a tree.

Length 3-5cm. From Guisborough, W. Riding of

Yorkshire purchased 1857. Found with coins of Julian II
;

to Eugenius (a.d. 360-423). Edges of spoon bent up and

distorted surface polished.
; The design is very rudely
executed.

106. Mirror. Circular, on a backing of wood, which has

been covered with cloth of a coarse texture the mirror ;
Kig. 38 = No. ,05.
itself is of speculum metal, with a highly polished surface,

showing remains of bronze deposit. It is enclosed in a frame of silver-gilt bronze,

mth a design in repousse, pierced a jour on the wood backing between two rings ;

of beads is a frieze of running scrolls of vine-pattern, with tendrils and bunches of

grapes, and six peacocks in various attitudes, pecking at the vine-leaves two of ;

them stand behind the vine-leaves with heads turned round. At the back of the
mirror is a bronze spring oi fibula form, for the attachment of a wooden leg, now
broken away it has a spiral hinge of the ordinary Raman fibula tyiie, and a hook
;

at the other end as a catch for the leg. Plate XV.

Diam. 22 cm. Found in a woman's grave near Sofia, Bulgaria acquired 1909. The ;

mirror dates from about the third century of the Empire. A similar design, but in a
more degenerate form, occurs on the Projecta casket of the Esquiline Treasure (Dalton,
Cat. of Early Christian Anliqs. in Brit. Mus., pis 13-18). In the same tomb were found
a wooden pin, comb, and scraping in.strument, three toilet boxes, six fragments of cloth,
and eleven n\its, winch arc also now in the Museum collection.

107. Mirror. Circular handle convex above and flat luiderneath, sjireading out in
;

tlic form of a rude Ionic capital where it joins the mirror at the other end it termi- ;

nates in a serpent's head (?).

Ht. 25-3 cm. From Naukratis. Presented by tlie Egypt Exploration I'lnid, i88().
Naukralis I, pL 28, p. 44 (described as a mirror-case). Surface corroded mirror repaired. ;
 MISCELLANEOUS OBJECTS. 29

108. Mirror. Circular ; round the edge a series of perforated holes.

Diam. 1 1 •
5 cm. From Corfu. Woodhouse Coll., 1868. Outer rim mostly broken away
at the perforations. Surface highly poHshed ; under-side corroded.

109. Mirror. Square ; round the edge a double groove, beyond which are cross-hatchings
of xxxx type at intervals (three each side).

9 x8cm. Purchased 1S49. Repaired ; one corner broken off. Surface highly polished;
corroded at back, with bronze deposit.

/IHKHMI M M
III I IIII Iill l

..""UMHJ>l.l.f

SHSEJ

Fig. 39 = No. 107. Fig. 40 =: No. 109.

110. Mirror with Case. Mirror circular, with highly-pohshed surface ; on under side,
concentric circles in pairs. Of the case only half remains.
Diam. of mirror, 10-2 cm. ; of case, 10-5 cm. From France. Morel Coll., 1904. Sur-
face of case much corroded.

111. Mirror-Case. One-half only preserved, probably the upper, being slightly convex ;

incised on both sides with concentric circles.

Diam. 8-3 cm. Purchased at Sotheby's sale, 6 May, 1851. In good condition except
for a small piece broken out of the rim.

112. Part of Mirror-Case. A plain circular convex disc, probably forming the upper
half of a mirror-case.

Diam. 7-3 cm. Comarmond Coll., 1851. In good condition ; exterior polished.
 30 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

113. Part of Mirror-Case. Similar, incised with concentric circles.

Diam. 7-4 cni.

114. Part of Mirror-Case. Lower half, flat, with hinge remaining. Incised on inside
with concentric circles ; outer side polished.
Diam. 9 cm. In good condition ; exterior surface corroded, with bluish green deposit.

115. Lamp. Type nearly as Catalogue of Lamps, No.' 395, but

with two nozzles each side instead of three. Bronze plated
with silver in the form of a boat with sharp-pointed
;

stem pointing upwards, and blunt-pointed prow"; on each

side project two semi-circular nozzles with a re-entrant
curve between. Round the edge is a row of stamped rings,
with a spiral on the stern, and below on the exterior is an
engraved wave-pattern. In the stem is the filling-hole.
The keel is indicated by pairs of deeply-scored lines from
prow to stern. The boat should perhaps be described
as a boat-shaped cradle. On the top, within a shallow
depression, is a figure of the infant Herakles reclining with
feet to the prow, strangling two serpents, whose necks
he grasps with either hand ; he is nude, with short smooth
hair. The serpent's bodies extend in convolutions, one on
his r. behind him
side, the other these form points for the ;

attachment of chains for suspension. Plate XV.

Length 14 '3 cm. Ht. 7-5 cm. From Switzerland;
acquired 1915. Journ. Hell. Stud, x.xviii. pi, 33, p. 274.
Surface somewhat worn a hole broken out on' the prow. For
;
Fig. 41 = No. 116.

the subject generally see Journ. Hell. Stud. .\vi. p. 145 ff.

116. Sistrum. Handle moulded ; the upper part has four cross-
bars inserted, each bent round at the ends in the form of
serpents' heads, and on the top is a small figure of a cat
to 1. in the round, lying down. The sides arc engraved
with a lozenge-pattern between borders of vandyke-
pattern.
Ht. 21 cm.

117. Model of Temple-Key. Tin- key is of the usual form,

bent twice at a right angle, with moulded handle ending
in a knob, and flat blade.

Length 10 cm. I-"rom Cyprus formerly in the Cesnola ;

collection purchased 191 1.

;
Broken in five pieces; surface
corroded in places. See on the subject Diehls, Parmetndcs, p.
123 ff., where an illustration is given of a similar key found at
Thelx;s (fig. 16), and also other examples figured on vases and ;

cf. id. in Sitzuyigsber. d. It. Akad. d. Wtsscnsch., Berlin, 1908,

pi. I., p. 27. l-ig. ^i = No. 117.
 s

SILVER TREASURES 31

118. Ingot. In the shape of a double wedge, thicker in the middle than at the ends. In
EX OFFL
the middle is inscribed ex of{ficina) Fl(avii)
HONORINI
Honorini.
Dimensions 10 x 6-3 cm. Weight i lb (374 grammes).
Found in 1777 in digging the foundations of the Ordnance
Office, in the Tower of London. Camden, Britannia, ed.
Gough, 1806, ii. p. 92; Malcolm, Londin. Redivivum, iii. p.
519; Allen, Hist, oj London, i. p. 26; Hughson, Hist, of
London, i. p. 34 ; Archaeologia, v. p. 291 ff., pi. 25 ; Gentleman'
Mag. 1785, p. 332, 1835, i. p. 491 Roach Smith, Ulustr. ;

Rom. Lond. p. 31, pi. 22, 3; Wright, Celt, Roman, and

Saxon, p. Victoria County Hist, of London, i. p. 130
296 ; ;

Numism. Chron. xv. (1915), p. 510, fig. 6 Westdeutsche ;

Zeitschr. x. p. 411, pi. 6, No. 8 Willers, Numism. Kleinig- ;

keiten, pp. 48, 53, pi. 12 id., Bronzeeimer von Hemmoor,

;

pi. 12, fig. I, p. 237 C. I. L. vii. 1196 ; Yates in Somerset ;

Arch. Soc. Trans, viii. 1858, p. 24 Arch. Journ. xi. p. ;

409, xvi. p. 40 Rhein. Mus. xii. p. 369, xiv. p. 365 Bull.

Fig. 43 = No. iiS.
; ;

Arch. Crist, vi. (1868), p. 47 Petrie, Moniim. Hist. Brit.

;

p. cxx. No. 1443. Found with three gold coins, one of Honorius and two of Arcadius.
Surface corroded in parts. For other silver ingots see Nos. 5, 195-202.

(5) SILVER TREASURES (119-223).

TOMB GROUP FROM BRUSA (i 19-125).

119. Pyxis. Cylindrical, with slightly concave sides. . Cover moulded, with concentric
rings ; base also moulded, with concentric rings underneath. Plate XVI.
Ht. 6- 25 cm. Diam. 65 cm. Brusa, 1913. A piece broken away at base, and another
from the cover surface corroded in places.
;

120. Patera. Flat and very shallow, without central boss ; round the centre, four
incised rings at nearly equal intervals. Plate XVI
Diam. 14-3 cm. Brusa, 1913. Surface polished ;
partly covered with verdigris.

121. Bowl. Form asCrt^. o/i?owj«w Po^im', pi. 42, No. 22 ; straight sides and flat bottom ;

moulded rim and base. Plate XVI.

Ht. 3-4 cm. Diam. 8-75 cm. Brusa, 1913. Highly polished; a piece
broken out of bottom.

122. Simpulum. Bowl in form of flattened hemisphere, with moulded rings

on base, and concave moulded rim. Handle thin and flat volute each ;

side at base top widening out and then narrowing to a moulded

;

knob. Plate XVI.

Ht. 9-3 cm. Diam. of bowl 5-3 cm. Brusa, 1913. Cf. Monum. Piot, v.
pi. 24, fig. 3.

123. Spoon. Flat oval bowl with projection each side; thin flat handle, Fig. 44 = No 12-
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

ending in narrow piece curved round in a loop and ending

along the top of the flat part in the head and neck of a
swan. Cf. Type A, fig. 36.

Length 6-8 cm. Brusa, 1913.

124. Mirror. One side plain and highly pohshed on the ;

other, concentric rings at intervals moulded rim.

;

Plate XVI.
Diam. 18-75 cm. Brusa, 1913. In good condition, but
surface corroded in places.

125. Spindle. One end

elaborately moulded about half-way
up, the mouldings formed of groups of rings, reels, and
beads, the other end plain in the middle, a flat disc;

with moulded rim, edged with beads.

Length 22- 5 cm. Brusa, 1913. Highly polished; in
perfect condition. Cf. Daremberg and Saglio, s.v. Fusus,
fig- 3383-

THE ARCISATE TREASURE (126-130).

[Found at Arcisate, North Italy, between Layo Maggiore and

Lake Lugano, a few miles north of Varese purchased in 1900.] ;

126. Oinochoe. Ovoid body with sharply-marked off shoulder,

low heavy foot, and short wide neck with flat spreading
mouth, sharply moulded base moulded underneath, and
;

two grooves incised at angle of body and shoulder.

Handle in form of leaf (forming a thumb-piece), springing
from a calyx it terminates below in an oval piece,
;

*^ ~ '"' ''''^' '^'''

below which is a pattern of tendrils on either side of a
vertical stem, and above in flat scrolls along the rim of the jug with open-work

volutes at the base of the handle. Underneath is incised ''>•, , .,- t- ^v Utia

T(iti) /(ilia), pondo I. ; cf. the simpuliim No. 128. Plate XVII.
Ht. 13 cm. Weight 349-98 grammes = 5400 grains. Well executed and in perfect
condition highly polished surface.
;

127. Bowl. Plain hemispherical form, with foot ; mimldcd rim base moulded under-
;

neath. Has had handles attached, the place being marked Iw a pattern of scrolls
each side. PLATE XVII.
Ht. 5-3 cm. Diam. 13-4 cm. In good condition ; surface highly polished.

128. Simpulum. Deep hemispherical bowl flat IiiihUi with llanges which terminate
;

on the rim of the bowl in vertical curved points, and at the top in smaller hooks,
between which the handle tapers off into the neck of a swan, its head lying back
along the back of the handle. The swan's liead is gilt, and carefully modelled ;
 SILVER TREASURES. 33

round its neck is a ring of beads. On the upper part of the handle is incised in
punctured letters: T-^TI- V-F r :• JC-IV , T. Uti(us) U(li) f(iliits) p{ondo) III.

sc(ripula) iv ; cf. the oinochoe above. Plate XVII.

Ht. 18 cm. Weight 86-05 grammes = 1327-75 grains. In fine condition ; surface
highly polished.

129. Strainer. Hemispherical form (fiaaro^) ; handle flat, curving outwards with blunt
end, and terminating and scrolls along the rim, which is moulded. The
in volutes
whole vessel is perforated in bands of pattern (i) an intricate double maeander :

pattern (2) tendril with pairs of ivy-leaves

;
(3) intersecting obhque lines forming
;

intersecting triangles with small rosettes in the spaces (4) band of spiral scrolls. ;

On the basea concave-sided square with loops at the angles, containing a quatre-
is

foil interspersed with four dots in the spaces between the loops are elaborate
;

patterns of spirals and volutes. Plate XVII.

Ht. 6-25 cm. Diam. 8-4 cm. In good condition, but split tlirough at one point;
surface highly polished. For the type of handle cf. Schreiber, Alexandr. Toreutik, p 319
fig. 61.

130. Spatula. Flat and tapering, like a paper-knife ; blade joined to handle by narrow

Fig. 46 = No. 130.

moulded neck. On the blade each side is engraved a straight wreath between lines
of dots.

Length 18 cm. Eight fragments joined ;

part of blade wanting. Traces of gildin<^ on
"
blade.

THE CHATUZANGE TREASURE (131-136).

[Found at Chatuzange, Department of Drome, France ; purchased in 1893.]

131. Dish {/ciHx), circular and quite flat ; wide low base-ring. Round the rim, bead-and-
reel pattern ;
in the centre, a hook-armed cross, inlaid in niello [cf. No. 154).
Underneath is engraved in punctured letters P \J} — . P[ondo) vi.

Diam. 38-3 cm. Surface much scratched.

132. Bowl in the form of a lotus-flower, ribbed all round in twenty-four ribs, with
recurved
rim base flat with concentric circles underneath in centre. The interior is covered
;

throughout with an engraved pattern of closely-overlapping leaves or feathers, also

visible on the exterior. In the centre is a medallion with border of beads, in which
is a rehef of theThree Graces (the usual Graeco-Roman type cf. No. They
73) ; :

are nude, and the middle one is shown in back view with her arms round the .shoulders
of the other two, who face outwards the one on the 1. holds out three large Ieaves(.?)
;
;

D
 34 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

the one on the r. takes a piece of drapery from a tall prochoos. The ground is indi-
cated below. Plate XVHI.
Ht. IO-6 cm. Diam. 35 cm. Repaired and restored somewhat battered in places ; ;

surface of medallion somewhat worn. For the type of the Graces cf. Jahn, Entjiihrung
d. Eitropa, p. 34.

133. Bowl (\"ariant of Form 3). Semi-elliptical form, with low foot ; no handle.
Round the rim, bead-and-reel pattern : in the centre of the interior, a maeander
cross inlaid in niello, the ends of the arms toothed [cf. No. 131). Plate XIII.
Ht. 4-2 cm. Diam. 11 -6 cm. In good condition.

134. Patera. Low central boss ; ribbed throtighout from rim to centre ; very thin.
Ht. 4-7 cm. Diam. ig-y cm. Split in one place ; covered with verdigris.

135. Trulla. Bowl

of sugar-basin form [cf. No. 82) handle (now detached) with ;

irilobe top as No. 73, the edge modelled in the form of two swan's heads in low
relief, pointing downwards between them, a moulded stand for a basket of fruit.
;

On the central part is an acanthus-plant from which spring tendrils with vine and
ivy leaves and berries on the base are effective floral patterns and scrolls.
;

The bowl surrounded externally by parallel vertical ribs, flat or slightly conve.x
is

or concave, wth roxmded tops these are overlapped by groups of similar ribs but
;

curved and converging below, forming a double group each side of the bowl. On
the vertical ribs are (on alternate sides of the bowl) four serpents between dolphins
twined round tridents ; these alternate with single serpents, and on the curved ribs
are pairs of similar serpents. At the tops of the ribs at irregular intervals are
scallop-shells and palmcttes (usually three scallops and then two palmettes). The
base is moulded in concentric rings round the centre and edge. Plate XIX.
Ht. of bowl 7-5 cm. Diam. 13-4 cm. Length of handle 6 in. Remains of gilding on
handle and on the designs on the bowl.

136. Trulla. Type as Schreiber, Alexandr. Toreiitik, p. 319, fig. 61 (handle as p. 315,

fig. 56) : straight-sided bowl with moulded rim ;

plain handle with curved termi-
nation moulding round base of bowl. On the handle are reliefs in three rows
; :

(i) on the upper part, Felicitas standing to the front, looking to her 1., with 1. elbow
resting on a column in her r. hand is a cadiiceus, in her 1. a cornucopia.
;
She wears
a winged petasos (?), long chiton, and himation round lower limbs and over 1.
shoulder, the ends gathered up over 1. arm. In the field on the 1. is tin- purse
of Hermes ; on either side, a ground indicated below, with plant.
rosette ;

(2) A circular aedicula with conical roof and lofty doorway, on one side of which is
an annexe of similar form (?) ;
ground indicated below on cither side a large flower,
;

that on the r. springing from a vase. (3) On base of handle, a woman bending to

1. over a rectangular altar on which a fire burns

her r. hand is raised and >lic liolds ;

out some object in 1. siic wears long girt

;
chiton and himation. Hetwecn lur and
the altar is a pot behind her, a column
;
and a cista (?) in the fiild, a plant. On ;

cither side is a basket of fruit, from which hangs a bunch of grapes which a sheep
 . SILVER TREASURES. 35

lying down is devouring ; beyond each sheep is a Pan's pipe. Underneath the

1^ ctni

bowl is incised
^ \'^r\ Plate XIX.

Lucini Vavisna
Ht. 4-7 cm. Diam. of bowl, 12-5 cm. Length of handle, 9 cm. In perfect condition.
The type of Felicitas occurs on a coin of Trajan of .\.d. 115 (Cohen, Monnaies, No. 351).

THE CAUBIAC TREASURE (137-143).

These seven objects," says Payne Knight in his MS. Catalogue, " were all found
"

together in the month of May, 1785, carefully placed one in the other, under a great
stone, which obstructed the plough of a peasant in a field near the village of Caubiac,
si.x leagues from Toulouse. The field, according to the traditions of the neighbour-
hood, had previously been covered with wood, and some of the old inhabitants
remembered to have heard that the village church once stood on the top of the
knowl of which this field was a principal part of the base. After the discovery of
this Treasure extensive researches were made in every direction, but nothing else
was found except the ruin'd foundations of a small Temple of brick and plaster."
[He considers this to have been a Temple of Bacchus, to which the plate belonged.]
The treasure was purchased by the Abbe Tessant and sold by him to Payne Knight
in 1790.

See for a full account of the discovery Montegut in Menwires de VAcad. de Toulouse, iii.

(1788), p. I ff ; Dum&ge, Archeol. Pyren. iii. p. 204 ff., and Atlas, pis. 25-28.

137. Patera (Form 3). Flat, with plain rim ; the interior is plain, except for pairs of
concentric circles at equal intervals. Round the exterior, frieze with narrow band of

pattern above the design is in six groups (the alternate groups corres-
W9999b ;

ponding), divided by altars ; in the three larger groups. Genii playing on musical
instruments between masks ; in the three smaller, pairs of quadrupeds (male and
female), (i) Rectangular altar on two steps, with a globe above mask of young Satyr
;

to r., with rough hair ; shepherd's crook tied up with a long ribbon ; tree or thyrsus;
small altar on plinth, on which is a goat's head. On the 1. of this altar is a Genius
(unwinged) to r., looking back, with draper}' over 1. arm, holding a flute or torch in

r. hand, and a tambourine in 1. on the r. another, winged, runs up, holding out a
;

tambourine in both hands over his r. arm is drapery. Beyond, a vase with high
;

stem on a phnth, a thyrsus ending in a pointed leaf, tied with ribbon, and a mask to
1. with a coif covering the hair. (2) Altar as before lioness crouching to r. and ;

lion advancing towards her rough ground indicated below between them, a tree.
; ;

D 2
 ^6 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. .

The lioness appears to hold a leg-bone in her mouth ; in the field above is a thigh-
bone, and above the lion a ram's head. (3) Altar as before ; female mask to r.,

with hair in stiff parallel curls and a knotted fillet round it ; in the background,
thyrsus as in (i), and on
Next, Genii with altar between, as in (i), except
r. a tree.
that they face each other, and the one on r. (who is not winged) plays flutes on the ;

altar is a triangular object. The head of the Genius on the r. is broken away. Bej-ond,
thyrsus tied with ribbon Bacchic mask to 1. (ivy-wreath, hair knotted at back with
;

tress falhng on neck) below, a tambourine. (4) Altar as before

; two bears (?) ;

confronted, with tree between ; the one on the 1. leaps forward, and the other
crouches to attack it. In the field, a goat's head and two circular objects ground
;

indicated. (5) bearded Satyr to r., with wine-skin

Altar as before ; mask of bald
below thyrsus and tree as (3).
;
Next, two Genii, with a stand between in form of
double cone supporting a globular object the one on the 1. (unwinged) has a thyrsus ;

in r. hand, and holds up a piece of drapery in 1. the other, who is winged, moves ;

away, looking back, and carrying a thyrsus in 1. hand. Beyond, thyrsus ending in
four-petalled flower, tied with ribbon, and Bacchic mask as in (3). (6) Altar as

before two trees ;

stag lying down, confronted by a doe, advancing with head
;

down between them, a tree ground indicated below. Underneath the vase is
; ;

•''
. '^ •-••-) V
<

engraved in punctured letters / '/ ;•••'.

K-\/ , S{e.xti) I{hIi) F[elicis) p(ondo)
"J
'
1
'"'
/ / . ; v '

VI siemis) , iind also

^ j R" )^-i \ OV^' Plates XX-XXI.
Ht. 5 cm. Diam. 38- 75 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (lxx.\ix. 70). De Montegiit in Mi'm.
de I'Acad. de Toulouse, iii., 1788, pis. 2, 4, p. 3 Damage, Arch, PyrM. iii. p. 204, Atlas, pis. ;

25, 26; Bonner Jahrb. 118, p. 185, No. 15, fig. i and pi. 7, figs, i, 2 Mowat in Bull. ;

Epigr. vi. p. 247 Dechelette, Vases Ceram. de la Gaule Rom., i. p. 232

; C. I. L. xii. ;

5697, 10 Gaz. Arch. 1883, p. 2, 1884, p. 342

; Longperier, GLuvres, iii. p. 420, No. 2. ;

Cf. a patera from Bavai (Gaz. Arch. 1884, p. 342, fig. 3), and another from Lillebonne
(Bonner Jahrb., 118, pi. 8, no. i). Surface highly polished details indistinct in places ; ;

shape somewhat distorted, and edge damaged in three place.s. For the bears in group
(4) Drexel compares the Orpheus bowl at Cologne (Bonner Jahrb. 118, p. 221, fig. 6),

138. Part of Bowl. [cf. Cat. 0/ Roman Pottery, pi. 44, No. 78)
Cylindrical form bottom ;

entirely wanting, and about one-third of the sides, but the upper part is complete.
Round the top and bottom of the exterior are patterns of ovals as the preceding,
between which is a frieze of figures, composed of two Satyrs alternating with a male
and a female deer, di\ided by masks (four masks in all), (i) Mask of Priapus C!) to r.,
with shaggy beard and drapery over the head in the background a thyrsus ending ;

in a flower, tied with ribbon ; below, a small altar. (2) Young Satyr facing to the
front, looking to 1., with shepherd's crook in hand and drapery over 1. arm lower
r. ;

part wanting. (3) Mask of Maenad to 1., with hair waved back from the face (lower
part wanting) ; in the background a thyrsus ending in a spiked flower, tied with rihlion.
Behind is a cylindrical cista on heavy feet, with open domed litl, from which a ser-
jient (incised) emerges. Female deer to r.
(4) above it Pan's pipes. (3) Mask of ;

young Satyr to r., open-mouthed, with rough shaggy hair in background, thyrsus ;

as ill (3) but flower of different form. (()) Young Satyr ad\ancing to 1., holding out
 SILVER TREASURES. 37

a flower with long stem in r. ; drapery or skin over 1. arm. (7) Mask of bald bearded
Satyr to 1., with richly-curling hair and beard ; thyrsus as before, with different type
of flower, and below the mask a wine-skin. (8) Male deer with Cretan goat's horns
(Tpaye\a(f)o<; .'
) ; in the field, oval object covered with punctured dots. Plate XXII.
Ht. 4-3 cm. Diam. 7-8 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (Ixxxix. 71). Mem. de I'Acad. de
Toulouse, 1788, p. 9, pi. 4 Longperier, CEuvres, iii. p. 420 Bonner Jahrb. 118, p. 189.
; ;

No. 32 Gaz. Arch., 1884, p. 343.

; Walls very thin. Style and subject as the pre-
ceding. For the TfidyeXatpos see Keller, Thieve d. klass. Altert. p. 333, and cf. Athenaeus,
xi. 484 D, 500 E. A similar vase found at Arras is given in Gronovius, Thes. Ant. ix. 1190,

139. Patella (Form i). Flat rim, with moulded edge ;

sunk centre low small foot.
slightly ;

Round the rim a frieze with inner border of beads, and outer of bead-and-reel pattern ;

the frieze consists of four groups of figures (the alternate ones corresponding), divided
by altars. I. (i) Altar ; (2) bearded mask to r. ; (3) shepherd's crook or \ayo)j3uXoif
tied with ribbon ; (4) goat {rpajeXafpoi;?) tor. ; (5) ^/jjTSZfS ending in pine-cone, tied
with ribbon ; (6) mask
young Satyr to 1. II. Altar (7) dog pursuing (8) stag to 1.,
of ;

with a tree between round the dog's body a gilt band. III. Altar and mask as
;

type 2 (9) ram with stippled body, crouching to r., between types (5) and (3) mask
;
;

(as type 6). IV. Altar stag (as type 8) pursued by (10) lion to 1. All the figures are
;

gilded. Underneath is inscribed in punctured letters t-X'^K'

^"'* '•'/•
.tf .<" A
Plate XXII.
Diam. 13-75 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (Ixxxix. 72).
Mt-m. de I'Acad. de Toulouse, iii,
17S8, pi. 3, p. 8 ; Dumege, Arch. Pyrin, iii. p. 206,
Atlas, pi. 27 Longpdrier, CEuvres, ;

iii. p. 420 Mowat in Bull. Epigr. vi. p. 247 Gas. Arch., 1884, p. 343 C. /. L. xii.
; ; ;

5697, 9. Highly polished surface. For the style of decoration cf. No. 75.

140. Fragments of Bowl, consisting of central portion and a part of the rim (detached).
The bowl shallow and straight-sided, with small low foot
is flat vertical handles ;

in form of two flat rings with a point rising between rim moulded in egg-pattern ;

on exterior. Round the interior, large oblique flutings in the centre a medallion ;

with border of beads, in which is an engraved design. In the centre is Aphrodite

to the front, with r. hand raised to her head, holding a fruit (?), in 1. a sceptre her ;

hair falls in tresses over her shoulders, and round her loins is drapery which is caught
up over the 1. arm. On the 1. a small Cupid flies towards her, with r. hand extended
holding out a fruit (?), in the 1. a torch with fleur-de-lys-shaped termination. On
the r. is Priapus or a young Satyr to nude and ithyphaUic, with
1., r. hand on
head and 1. on his side, standing on raised ground. Underneath is inscribed

•r; "V^ C J^^/*^\,./7' ? 'li'i ,y'l Eiigrafi pondo I III. semis (?), in punctured

letters and also \) \\\^\ Plate XXII.

Payne Knight Coll. (Ixxxix. 69). Mem. de I'Acad. de Toulouse, iii. 1788, pi. i. p. 11
Dumfege, Arch. Pyren. iii. p. 208, Atlas, pis. 28, 29; Gaz. Arch. 1884, p. 342 Longperier' ;

CEuvres, iii. p. 420 Bull. Epigr. vi. p. 247 C. I. L. xii. 5697, 8.

;
Very thin walls ;
I

the design is somewhat roughly executed.

 38 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

141. Dish {Lanx) (Form i). A large circular dish, on a low foot, quite flat and plain
except for a somewhat roughly-executed bead-and-reel pattern round the rim.
Diam. 48 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (Ix.xxix. 66). Man. de I'Acad. de Toulouse, iii.
pi. 4, p. 3. Highly polished surface.

142. Dish, similar, but slightly concave ; larger foot than last.
Diam. 47-5 cm. Pavne Knight Coll. (Ixxxix. 67). Mi-rn. de I'Acad. de Toulouse,
iii. pi. 4, p. 3.

143. Dish or flat bowl (Form 3). Quite plain except for two concentric rings engraved
round the centre moulded ring round base. Underneath are remains of a graffito
;

inscription Mill
Diam. 21 '25 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (ixxxix. 68). Mem. de I'Acad. de Toulouse, iii.
pl. 4. P- 8.

THE CHAOURCE TREASURE (144-182).

This treasure was discovered in i88j in a field near Montcornet, in the Department
of Aisnc, France, wrapped in a piece of cloth of which a few fragments remained.
^^'ith it were found six Roman bronze coins, mostly of Trajan, Hadrian, and Anto-
ninus Pius, but covering the period from Domitian to Postumus (a.d. 267) the pre- ;

sence of the last-named coin, however, may be accidental. The date of the treasure
appears to be the second century after Christ, but it was probably preserved until
the third century, and buried in the stormy times of Galhenus' reign. It consists of
thirt\-nine pieces, forming a complete table-service or wirajs/en'MW (see p. xx), six
vessels being of plated bronze, the rest of silver. Thirty-two of the pieces (omitting
Nos. I, 2, 5, 10, II, 15 and ^^ in the Sale Catalogue) were described by MM. Thedenat
and Heron de ^'iIlefosse in the Gazette Archi'ologiqne, 1884-1885, and the whole were
sold by auction in Paris in June, 1888. The Museum acquired nineteen pieces
in 1889, and the remaining twenty in 1890. See generally Gazette Arc/ieol. 1885,
p. Ill Class. Review, 1890, p. 71
; Cat. du Tvi'sor dc Chaourcc. introduction.
;

144. Statuette of Fortuna. A figure of the goddess standing with r. leg bent, holding
eornucopia in 1. hand the ; r. arm is wanting. Her hair is parted and waved in front,
and rolled up at the back, with curls falling on the shoulders, and round it is a
sphcndone ; by a row of buttons,
she wears long chiton with short sleeves fastened
over which is a himation, the ends twisted up over her 1. arm and r. thigh. The
figure stands on an antique hexagonal base, the top and bottom moulded and
ornamented with rows of beads and of lOlOlOl pattern. Remains of gilding
throughout. Plate XXIII.
Ht. 12-8 cm., with base 16-5 cm. .\cqiiired 1890. Cat. du Trr'soy dc Chaourcc, No. 31,
pl. 2 ;Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 340, No. 32 ; Class. Review, 1890, p. 71. Hasc hollow iiiulci lUMtli.

145. Pepper-Castor {pi/)craloriimi) in form of Ethio])ian slave stpuitiing. He is rr]iri-

scntfd asleep, witli eyes closed ; his r. arm is wrapjied in his mantle, the hand suj)-

porting his cheek, and the I. hand rests on his knee, holding a (iiaiii attached to a
lantern (?) between his legs. His features are coarse, the h]>s tln(k, and the nose
 SILVER TREASURES. 39

broad ; his hair is crimped, and he has a moustache and two tufts of hair on the
chin. He wears sandals, a sleeveless tunic, and a paenula with hood {cucuUns),
which is partly gilded, and embroidered on the back with a gilt quatrefoil of ivy-
leaves ; the edge which hangs over the 1. shoulder is gilt, and on the hood are gilt

=jlL. patterns. The framework of the lantern is also gilt. In the hair above the
forehead a row of six holes is pierced, indicating the purpose of the figure. Below it
is a moulded base, the concave part of which is gilt. Plate XXT.II.
Ht. 9 cm. Weight 52 grammes (801 grains). Acquired 1889. Cat. du Tn-soy de Chaource,
No. 32, pi. 2 Gaz. Arch. 1884, pi. 35, 1885, p. 335, No. 25
; Daremberg-Saglio, Diet, ;

des Antiqs., s.v. Piper, fig. 5685 Reinach, R/pertoire de la Statuaire, ii. p. 562, No. 3
;
;

Sraiih., Dict.of Ayitiqs.^,u. p. 429 Class. Review, 1890, p. 71. C/. Froehner, CoW. Gn'flif, Nos
;

320, 385 and Babelon and Blanchet, Bronzes du Bihl. Nat. No. 1014. Base injured
;
;

broken away underneath. Julius Paullus {Sentent. iii. 6, 86) mentions piperatoria as
forming part of a tninisterium (see Introduction, p. xx). Compare also two figures of
slaves with lanterns, (Loeschcke in Bonner Jahrbucher, 118, pi. 32, fig. i, p. 392, and
p. 393, fig. ii), and Bull. Soc. Arch. Bulgare, iv. (1914), pi. i, pp. 10, 46 (salinum in form
of boy with dog).

146. Strainer (co/;/»0. with double bowl, the outer, which is hemispherical in form, ending

below in a tube open at the bottom on one side of it is attached a flat handle,
;

at the base of which is a hinge, on which the inner bowl works, fitting closely into
the outer. The handle is shaped like No. 136, and the hinge ends below on either side
of each bowl in conventionalized swan's heads ; the outer bowl is quite plain except for
two pairs of lines engraved round theis perforated all over
exterior. The inner bowl
with elaborate patterns, forming the strainer in the centre is a rosette of six leaves, ;

with circles of points between at the end of each leaf is a group of three leaves
;

(forming a half-rosette), with triangles of points between the leaves. Round this
pattern a double ring of dots, beyond which is a band of interlacing double lines
is

of dots, with lotos-flower (?) patterns in the inner spaces in the outer spaces are ;

groups of dots, and a double line of dots passes through the former pattern
towards the outer edge. Underneath the rim of the inner bowl, at the base of the

handle, is incised Vys)^ \, p{ondo) s[cinis)...s[cripuhmi).... Plate XXIII.

Ht. gem. Diam. 8-5cm. Weight 175 grammes = 2694 grains. Acquired i8go. Cat.
du Tresor de Chaource, No. 16, pi. i Daremberg-Saglio, Diet, des Antiqs., s.v. Infundi-
;

bulum, fig. 4064 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 317, No. 12

;
C. /. L. xiii. 10026, 38. Good polish ; ;

outer bowl restored in one place. These strainers were used either for clarifying the wine
or for cooUng it with snow see Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 318. One is exhibited in the Room of
;

Greek and Roman Life, and other examples have been found at Pompeii and
Herculaneum, and in the Crimea.

147. Jug (itrceus or /ajc>>m). The form is body tapering

that of a slim oinoclwe with ovoid
up to a long slim neck with wide flat circular mouth flat handle with ct;rved thumb-
;

piece. Round the lip, row of beads, with band of oval markings below, engraved,
with gilt centres. Round the middle of the neck is a thick heavy band ornamented
with a guilloche pattern between rows of short vertical strokes. The handle is
merely soldered on below at the top is a necking of beads, below the thumb-piece,
;

which is in the form of a curling leaf, gilt in the middle. On either side it spreads
out in a flat volute, in which is a gilt rosette of dots ; it ends on the lip each side in a
 40 CATALOGUE OF SILVER I'LATE.

flat swan's head with gilded beak. Underneath the vase are engraved concentric
circles. PLATE XXIV.
Ht. 26-5 cm. Weight 750 grammes = 11550 grains. Acquired 1S89. Cat. dit Tn'sor
de Chaource, No. 18, pL 3.; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 260, No. 11. Fine polisli ; much dented
in at mouth and on one side of body.

148. Situla (Form 6). plain rim with scroll shaped piece
Hemispherical, with low foot ;

as No. 74 each side ;

moveable handles, octagonal in section,
in the orifices are inserted
ending in hooks with long moulded knobs. Round the middle of each handle are
mouldings, between which and the hooks are projecting volutes. Round the upper
part of the bowl is an elaborate frieze, gilded throughout above, a row of beads and ;

border of toothed (acanthus ?) leaves on a stippled background below, a border ;

of inverted egg-and-dart pattern and another row of beads. Between these is a very
effective scroll-pattern, divided into two hal\-es by inverted spike-shaped flowers ;

the scroll consists of a wavy tendril with spirals at intervals in which are large
flowers, alternate with spike-shaped flowers. Underneath the vase are unintelligible

graffiti: , J.
Plate XXV.

Ht. 17 cm. Diam. 21 cm. Weight 1396 grammes = 21498 grains. Acquired i88g.
Cat. dii Trt'sor de Chaource, No. 30, pi. 10 Gas. Arch. 1884, pi. 37, 1885, p. 333, No. 23
; ;

Willers, Bronzeeiiner von Hemmoor, p. 179, fig. 67; Class. Review, 1890, p. 71. Fine
poHsh in perfect condition. Willers (loc. cit.) notes that a similar frieze occurs on one
;

of the Hildesheim vases (Pernice and Winter, SUberfuud von Hildeshevn, pi. 38).

149. Situla, -imilar. Quite plain ; rim projects slightly.

Ht. 15-3 cm. Diam. 18-3 cm. Weight 872 grammes = 13429 grains. Acquired 1890.
Cat. dit Tresorde Chaotirce, No. 17 Gas. Arch. 1885, p. 335, No. 24 Willcr.s, Bronzecimer
; ;

von Hemmoor; p. 180. Surface discoloured sides much indented. ;

150. Dish. Circular and concave, with moulded rim (variant of Form 3). In the centre,
within a border of leaf-pattern (derived from the Lesbian kymotiofi No. 8) and ; c/.

beads (both gilt), is a figure of Hermes facing to the front, with purse in r. hand

and caduccHs in 1. he has wings in his hair, and wears a

;
chlamys fastened with a
brooch on the r. shoulder and caught up over the 1. arm. .\t his side are, on 1. a ram,

on r. a cock ; the ground i^ indicated below by incisions. The whole design gilt i-;

except the nude parts of Hermes. PLATE XXVII.

Diam. 23-4 cm. Weight 483 grammes = 7438 grains. Acquired 1890. Cat. dii Tri'sor
de Chaource, No. 29, pi. y Gaz. Arch. 1884, pi. 36, 1885, p. 3r9, No. T3
; Reinach, ;

fii'pertoire de Reliefs, ii. p. 477 Class. Revieiv, 1890, p. 71.

; In good condition, except
for one dent fine polish.
;
For the figure of Hermes cf. Babelon, Tn'sor d'Argctitrrir dr
Berthouville, pl. 21.

151. Plate, Hat and circular (l-"orni i). Roimd the rim, elegant bcad-and-reel pattern ; in

the centre, iii a circle, a si.x-jioint rosette on an inlaid niello grotuul. Underneath

is incised -/Si,^V^ '

i^/r- . Gcnialis [cj. No. 163). PLATE XXIX.
c
 SILVER TREASURES. 4I

^ Diam. 11 -8 cm. Weight 145 grammes (2232 grains). Acquired 1889. Cat. du Tresor
de ChaouYce, No. 6, pi. 2 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 258, No. 8
; Bull. Epigr. iii. (1883), p. 317 ; ;

C. I. L. xiii. 10026, 30rt Bull, des Antiqs. de France, 1883, p. 315, No. 6. Highly polished
;

surface.

152. Plate, flat and circular, as the last. Round the rim, bead-and-reel pattern. Under-

neath is engraved (now very faint) ^\ — -f , Cava{r)iani (?) ; cf. No. 165.

Diam. 12-5 cm. Weight 126 grammes (1940 grains). Acquired 1890. Cat. du Trisor
de Chaource, No. 7 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 260, No. 10 ; C. 1. L. xiii. 10026, 296. Good
polish.

VV
153. Plate, similar. Underneath, inscription as last
^' *
Vj
-> , with the addition

of XXX below. PLATE XXX.

Diam. 12-5 cm. Weight 134 grammes (2062 grains). Acquired 1890. Cat. du Tresor
de Chaource, No. 8 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 259, No. 9
; Bull, des Antiqs. de France, 1883,
;

p. 315, No. 7 C.I. L. xiii. 10026, 29a.

;

154. Lanx circular dish).

(flat (Form i.) Round the rim, bead-and-reel pattern in the ;

hook-armed cross with toothed ends to the arms, inlaid in niello [cf.
centre, a
No. 131 from Chatuzange). Underneath are numerous ^>-a^/;' markings, among

which mav be read \ Al \ ,

Anu. on the rim. Plate XXVIII.
/^V'-'"
Diam. 33 cm. Weight 932 grammes = 14,353 grains. Acquired 1889. Cat. du Tresor
de Chaource, No. 26, pi. 8 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 112, No. i; C.I. L. xiii. 10026, 35.

155. Lanx, similar. Slightly concave, with low base-ring ; round the rim, bead-and-reel
pattern on stippled background in the centre, within a wavy line, a flower of eight
;

long narrow petals, between which are pistils (?), inlaid in niello. Plate XXVIII.
Diam. 35 '8 cm. Weight 1061 grammes = 16339 grains. Acquired 1889. Cat. de
Tresor de Chaource, No. 27 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 113, No. 2. Fine polish on upper surface
; ;

much dented in from below.

156. Lanx, similar, but more concave, with low foot. Round the rim, bead-and-reel
pattern on stippled background no central pattern. Underneath is engraved
;

piondo libras) 11 s{einisst'm) (uncias quinque) (or 955 grammes)

^ V/?''
Diam. 33 '5 cm. Weight 919 grammes = 14152 grains. Acquired 1890. Cat. du
Tresor de Chaource, No. 28 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 256, No. 3 ; C.I. L. xiii. 10026, 37.
Good polish.
 42 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

157. Bowl. Hemispherical form ; surface covered with rf/)0Mss.' patterns beaten inwards.
so as to be in relief in the interior. Below the rim, bead-and-reel o-o-c ;
round
the base, band of rays ; round the body, triple row of discs, the spaces filled m with
various patterns : in the upper row. ^^ ; in the second, | ; in the third,
J^.

Ht. 7-2 cm. Diam. 11-5 cm. \Veight S7 grammes

(1340 grains). Acquired 1S90.
Cat. du Tre'sor de Chaource, No. i . Broken and battered, and parts missing ; very thin
walls good polish on exterior.
;

158. Bowl as last, with similarly-e.xecuted ornamentation. Below the rim, band ot

herring-bone pattern ; below, three rows of discs.

Ht. about 7 cm. Diam. about 13 cm. Weight 107 grammes {1648 grains). .Acquired
1890. Cat. duTr^sor de Chaource, 'So. 2. Much broken and battered part of rim wanting;
;

surface covered with verdigris. Walls very thin.

159. Bowl, hemispherical, with slightly projecting rim no loot patterns beaten in ; ;

from the e.xterior, so as to be in relief inside, hollow outside, forming six bands of

ornament, (i) Four rows of ovals (2) bead-and-reel between horizontal

;
lines ;

(3) row of discs with floral ornaments ^ between ; (4) vine-tendril with bunches

of grapes ; (5) triple row of beads ; (6) round the base, a ring of short rays.
Plate XXIX.
Ht. 7-8 cm. Diam. 12-2 cm. Weight 173 grammes (2663 grains), .\cquired 1890.
Cat. du Tn'sor de Chaource, No. 21, pi. 5 Gaz. Arch. 1884, pi. ; 35, 1885, p. 329. No. 18.

In fine condition good polish.

;

160. Bowl, similar, but slightly smaller than the preceding, into which it fits exactly.
PLATE XXIX.
Ht. 7 cm. Diam. 11-5 cm. Weight 141 grammes (2171 grains). Acquired 1889.
Cat. du Tresor de Chaource, No. 22 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 330, No. 19- Not
;
such good m
cond.tion as the preceding.

161. Bowl (variant of I'orm .;). Ordinary form witli 1(Av loot [cf. No. 133) ;
romid the

Underneath engraved L^i\Ij\ Rn'^d outside

rim, bead-and-reel pattern. is , '.

the base-ring, ///I .1 [\ ,

•^/'"•

Ht. 3-2 cm. Diam. 9-5 cm. Weight 129 grammes (1986 grains). Acquired 1889.
Cat.du Tri'sor de Chaource, No. 9 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 258, No. 7 C. I. L. xm. 10026, 31.
; ;

Dull polish exterior dented in one or two places.

;

162. Bowl, similar.

111. 3-5 cm. Diam. 9-5 cm. Weight 145 grammes (2232 grains). Acquired iSyo.
Cat. du Tn'sor de Chaource, No. 10. Surface discoloured.
 SILVER TREASURES. 43

I/I
163. Bowl, similar. Underneath is incised V^v^ Y/ . Genialis {cf. No. 151).

Ht. 3-5 cm. Diam. 10-2 cm. Weight 116 grammes (1786 grains). Acquired 1890.
Cat. du Tn'sor de Chaource, No. 11 C. I. L. xiii. 10,026, 306.
;

164. Bowl, similar. Underneath, a graffito inscription 1

/^ \ , illegible.

Plate XXX.
Ht. 4 cm. Diam. 10 cm. Weight 188 grammes (2895 grains). Acquired 1889. Cat.
du Tresor de Chaource, No. 12 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 257, No. 4.
; Surface discoloured ;
exterior dented in one place by a blow.

165. Bowl, similar. Underneath is engraved the inscription, fainth' visible :

) -^l ^ Cava(r)iani (?) ; cf. No. 152.

Ht. 4 cm. Diam. 11 cm. Weight 159 grammes (2448 grains). Acquired 1890. Cat.
du Tresor de Chaource, No. 13 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 25S, No. 6
; C.I. L. xiii. 10026, ;

29c. Exterior much damaged surface more or less discoloured and corroded.
;

166. Bowl, similar. Underneath, inscription as last )p^ Jv , very faint.

Ht. 4-3 cm. Diam. 11-25 cm. Weight 134 grammes (2062 grains). Acquired 1889.
Cat. du Tresor de Chaource, No. 14 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 257, No. 5.
; Surface highly
polished a hole in the side, the result of a blow.
;

167. Bowl, similar.

Ht. 3-8 cm. Diam. io-6 cm. Weight 135 grammes (2077 grains). Acquired 1S90.
Cat. du Tresor de Chaource, No. 15. Highly polished surface, but discoloured in parts
or corroded in one place a dent caused by a blow.
;

168. Bowl (variant of Form 3). Flat shallow form, with small low foot in the centre ;

isengraved a rosette of six points within an outer one of twelve points romid this ;

the bowl is fluted in twelve large ribs, and at each point of the outer rosette is a
small lozenge corresponding to the bases of the flutings. Underneath the foot,
concentric circles. Plate XXVII.
Ht. 6 cm. Diam. 24 cm. Weight 493 grammes = 7592 grains. Acquired iSgo.
Cat. du Tresor de Chaource, No. 19, pi. 4 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 329, No. 15. Good polish
; ;

surface pierced through in one place.

169. Bowl, similar ; twenty-nine flutings ; centre plain except for a double ring engraved.

Underneath is incised t^^J^ '

L^J^^ S II . Aurdia['ni) sieniis) [unciae) 11 [i.e.

172-5 grammes). Plate XXIX.

 44 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

Ht. 4 cm. Diam. 15-5 cm. Weight 169 grammes = 2602 grains. Acquired iSSg.
Cat. Trtsor de Chaource, No. 20, pi.. 5
till Gas. Arch. 1885, p. 32S, No. 14 C. I. L. xiii.
; ;

10026, 28 Babelon, Trtsor d' .-irgenierie de Berthouville, p. 65, note 4.

; One side dented
in ;otherwise in good condition, but surface discoloured.

170. Bowl of flattened hemispherical form, with small foot (Form 5). About J in. below
the rim is a projecting rim round, starting at right angles and curving down-
all

wards ; this is made separately and soldered on. On this rim, between two lines of
beads, a very elegant scroll-pattern of leaves and flowers, with outer border of
is

leaf-pattern as No. 77 the scroll is di\ided into two portions by large plants with
;

deeply-cut leaves, and each portion again is divided by a flower with elongated
caly.x ; in each of these four divisions are live flowers enclosed by scrolls. Under-

neath is incised I
\ / ). Plate XXV.

Ht. 9-3 cm. Diam. 23-5 cm. Weight 845 grammes = 13013 grains. Acquired 1890.
Cat. dti Tresor de Chaource, No. 23, pi. 6 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 330, No. 20 C. I. L. xiii.
; ;

10026, 34. Good polish base of bowl much battered and distorted.
; Cf. Gaz. Arch.
1880, pi. I, = Longperier, CEuvres, iii. p. 419, pi. 9. For the shape cf. Bonner Jahrb.
118 pi. 6, form 5, p. 198 Dechelette, Vases de la Gaulc, i. p. 231 (Dragendorff, form 38).
;

171. Bowl, similar low foot, larger than in the preceding. On the projecting rim, frieze
;

with two designs, each repeated twice (i) Sea-lion crouching to 1. between mask :

of bearded Pan or Satyr (on 1.) and mask of young Satyr (on r.) (2) sea-lioness ;

crouching to r. between similar masks between these groups are elegant scrolls. ;

The sea-monsters have coiled tails with trifurcate terminations. Round the whole,

an edging of beads. Underneath the bowl is scratched A . Plate XXVI.

Ht. 8'75cm. Diam. 20-5 cm. Weight 854 grammes = 13151 grains, .\cciuired 1SS9.
Cat. die Tresor de Chaource', No. 24, pi. 7 Gas. .4rch. 1885, p. 331, No. 21 ; ; Bonner Jahrb.
118, p. 187, No. 23. In good condition, with fine polish.

172. Bowl, similar foot somewhat larger than in the preceding.

; On the projecting rim,
bitween two rings of beads, five acanthus-plants at equal distances, from which
spring on either side tendrils with long narrow leaves between the.se are small ;

eagles to r., with heads turntil to 1. Underneath is scratched

Marua, or M. Rus(tici). Plate XXIV.

Ht. 8-75 cm. TDiam. 22 cm. Weight 983 grammes = 15138 grains. Acquired 1890.
Cat. du Tri'sor de Chaource, No. 25, pi. 7 Gaz. Arch. 1884, pi. 36, 1885, p. 332, No. 22
; ;

C. I. L. -xiii. 10026, 32. In good condition, witl\ line ])i)lish, l)\it dented in 111 (inc jilace.
 SILVER TREASURES. 45

173. Cup or Bowl, of bronze plated with silver (F'orm 8, nearly). Upper part concave,
spreading out at mouth, with plain rim ; lower part convex and somewhat squat ;

low foot. Round the middle, two pairs of raised lines. Underneath, unintelligible

graffiti Y^. PLATE XXX.

Ht. 5' 6 cm. Diam. 85 cm. Weight 129 grammes {1986 grains). Acquired 1889.
Cat. (ill Trc'sor de Chaource, No. 35 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 337, No. 26.

174. Cup or Bowl, similar ; underneath, graffiti \^^^^ Plate XXX.

Ht. 4-6 cm. Diam. 7-8 cm. Weight 100 grammes (1540 grains). .Acquired 1889.
Cat. dii Tri'sor de Chaource, No. 34 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 339, No. 27.

175. Cup or Bowl, as before. Underneath is engraved PLATE XXX.

Ht. 4 cm. Diam. 6-8 cm. Weight 75 grammes (1155 grains). Acquired 1890. Cat.
du Tresor de Chaource, No. 36 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 339, No. 28
; C. I. L. xiii. 10026, 39. ;

[These three cups, 173-175, form a set, decreasing in size in the same ratio, and
exactly fitting into one another.]

176. Cup. Concave sides, with small foot ;

quite plain. Underneath is engraved

Plate XXX.
Ht. 8' 75 cm. Diam. 8 cm. Weight 128 grammes {1971 grains). Acquired 1889.
Cat. du Tri'sor de Chaource, No. 3 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 329, No. 16
; C. I L. xiii. 10026, ; .

36. Good poUsh.

177. Cup, similar. Underneath, a graffito inscription /\ .

Ht. 8-4 cm. Diam, 7-5 cm. Weight 84 grammes (1294 grains). Acquired 1890.
Cat.du Tresor de Chaource, No. 4 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 329, No. 17. Surface somewhat
;

oxydised piece broken out near rim.

;

178. Fragment of similar cup ; about one-third remaining ; rim complete.

Ht. 7-2 cm. Diam. 7-5 cm. Weight 35 grammes (539 grains). Acquired 1890.
Cat. du Tre'sor de Chaource, No. 5. Surface o.xvdised.

179. Plate or Saucer, of bronze plated with silver ;

quite plain and slightly concave,

with base-ring. Underneath is engraved f/ \ \ A) 'A// .

Genialis (cf. No. 151).

Diam. 11 cm. Weight 130 grammes (2001 grains). Acquired i88g. Cat. du Tresor
de Chaource, No. 37 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 340, No. 29
; ; C. /. L. xiii. 10026, 30c.
 46 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

180. Plate, similar, with same inscription

j^\ Hi>^
Diam. ii cm. Weight 129 grammes {1986 grains). Acquired 1889. Cat. dii Tresor de
Chaource, Xo. 38 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 340, No. 30 ; C. /. L. xiii. 10026, 30^. Surface
worn in places.

181. Plate, from pair of scales, of bronze plated with silver. Quite flat, with narrow
rim ; on the upper side are visible the places of attachment of the chains which
joined it to the arm of the balance.

Diam. 12-8 cm. Weight rgS grammes (3049 grains). Acquired i88g. Cat. du Tn-sor
de Chaource, No. 39 Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 340, No. 31. Polished surface.
;

182. Pedestal for a figure. Circular, with moulded egg-pattern round top ; round the
base, punctured patterns of hatchings.
Ht. 1-8 cm. Diam. 3-1 cm. Weight 25 grammes (385 grains). Acquired 1889.
Cat. du Trt'sor de Chaource, No. 33.

THE BACKWORTH TREASURE (183-187).

This treasure was found in 1S12 at Backworth, Northumberland, about si.\ miles
north-east of Newcastle, together with gold and silver finger-rings now in the British
Museum (Cat. of Finger-Rings, Nos. 451, 460-461, 636, 943), other ornaments in
gold and silver, and 290 coins, including two of Antoninus Pius, the latest having been
struck in 139 a.d. The smaller objects were found in the trulla, the mirror being
used as a cover thereto. The find was sold to T. Watson, a silversmith of Newcastle,
and was afterwards in the possession of Mr. J. Brumell. It was acquired for the

Museum at the Brumell Sale in 1850. See general)}' Archacol. Joiirn. \\\\. yi. 36 and
Report of O.xford Meeting, 1850, p. 121.

I 1^. 4;ii = No. 183,

183. Trulla. I'orm as No. 135 hemispherical bowl on low foot, with moulded
;

rim ; handle of usual type, but very elaborately moulded. The top of the handle
 SILVER TREASURES. 47

is in the form of a double

loop with a flower and
volute projecting each side,
and at the base it terminates
along the rim in swan's
heads ; along the edge of
the base are two pairs
of flowers with volutes
attached. At each end of
the handle are designs in
low relief in the form of a
large plant or flower with
elegant scrolls each side ;

below that on the top of the

handle are a band of beads
and a leaf pattern (c/. No.
150) . The design is covered
with gilding throughout.
On the middle of the
handle is inscribed in gilt

inlaid letters
^^d^bIt*^'
Matr{ibus), Fab{ius) Dubit-
(atiis). The bowl is quite Fig. 47^ = No. 183.

plain.
Ht. 8-4 cm. Diam. of bowl II -8. Length of handle 11-2 cm. jlrch. Aeliana, ii.
1832 (J. Bell), p. 167, pi. 4, fig. I, and N.S. .xv. (1892), pp. 162, 331, No. 25 Hodgson, ;

Hist, of Northumberland, pt. 2, vol. 3, p. 440 Bruce, Lapidarium Septentr. p. 272,

;

No. 535 Archaeol. Journ. viii. p. 36 (with plates) and Report of O.xford Meeting, 1850,
;

p. 121 Bonner J ahrbr/cher.Si, p. 159, No. 360, pi. 3, fig. 3

;
Gaz. Arch. 1884, p. 269 Furt- ; ;

waengler, Ant. Gemmen, iii. p. 302 C. /. L. vii. 1285. Surface of bowl somewhat worn
; ;

sides injured in two places. On the Matres see generally Roscher, Lexikon, s.v. Haverfield ;

in Arch. Aeliana, N.S. xv. p. 314 and in Joiirn. Rom. Stud. ii. (1912), p. 140 Victoria ;

County Hist, of London, i. p. 104. One of the rings found with the trulla is also dedicated
to the Matres [B.M. Cat. of Finger-Rmgs, No. 636).

184. Mirror. Circular; handle attached by means of flat

pieces of metal folded over the rim, on which are

leaf-patterns on the under-side, concentric circles.
;

Diam. 13 cm. Archaeol. Joiirn. viii. p. 40. Repaired;

handle wanting surface much scratched and polish
;

worn.

185. Spoon. Type B, Fig. 36, with small egg-shaped

bowl, concave, with incised line round edge. Handle
movilded at thicker end, with a thick curved piece
ending in keel-form on the bowl the other end has ;

a blunt point.
Length 12-4 cm. Archaeol. Journ. viii. p. 39. Fig. 48 = No. 1S4.
 4S CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

186. Spoon as last ; pointed end to handle.

Length 12-4 cm. A rchaeol. J oHr)!. viii. p. ^g. Bowl damaged ;
point of handle broken
off.

187. Spoon. Type D, Fig. 37, with small shallow circular bowl ;
plain handle attached
to under-side of bowl.

Length 10 cm. Archaeol. Journ. viii. p. 39. Pohshed surface to bowl, which is damaged ;

point of handle broken off.

THE CAPHEATON TREASURE (188-194).

This treasure was found in 1747, half a mile to the N. of Sir John Swinburne's house
at Capheaton, in the parish of Kirkwhelpington, Northumberland, near the Roman
road which branches off from Watling Street at Corbridge and leads in the direction
of Ber\\'ick.The objects were unearthed about three feet below the surface some ;

appear to hav^e been secreted and melted down. One complete vase and six orna-
mented fragments were presented by Sir John Swinburne to Payne Knight, bv whom
they were bequeathed to the Museum in 1824. See his MS. Cat. l.x.xxix. 59-65 ;

Archaeologia, xv. p. 393, pis. 30-33 ; Wallis, Hist, of Northtimberland, ii. pp. 535-
537 ; Hodgson, Hist, of Northumberland, part ii., vol. i, p. 228 ; Bruce, Lapidarium
Septentrionale, p. 343, No. 654, with plate Arch. Aeliana, N.S. xv. (1892), p. 161
; ;

also Gaz. Arch. 1884, p. 267 Schreiber, Alexandr. Toreiitik, p. 317 ; Reinach,
;

Repertoire de Reliefs, ii. p. 478 ff.

188. Trulla. Type as No. 183. Quite plain, except that round the upper part of the
exterior runs a broad moulded band, and on the bottom arc concentric circles ; three
small /)d/<«-shapcd supports have been attached to the underside of the bowl, of
which only one remains.
Ht. 7-5 in. Diam. 14-5 in. Payne Knight Coll. (MS. Cat. l.wxix. 5c)). Airhaeologia,
XV.pi. 33 Gaz. Arch. 1884, p. 268. Surface corroded in parts piece broken out of side,
; ;

and most of handle wanting. The form of the supports is derived by Willers from the
bronze buckets of the I,a Tone period {^'etic t'nlersKcliungen, p. 7, fig. 5, and p. 24).

189. Trulla, part of including handle and jxjrlion of rim adjoining (four pieces joined).
,

The handle is shaped like No. 136, terminating on the rim of the bowl each side in
a flat piece of irregular outline forming a background to the design round its edges is
;

a row of beads. On the handle are designs in relief : (i) At the lop, bust of Juno (.')
to the front, resting on a calyx ; thick hair, in wliich is a sphendonc, drapery with
cross-belt over r. shoulder. On
ornament, and small figure of rustic
the 1., floral
walking to r., with staff in hand and basket on his back he wears a short loose tunic. ;

On the r., a small figure of a shepherd reclining, with face to front, holding a crook ;

below him arc three sheep (indistinct). (2) Within an acdicula. with anhed shell-
canopy over it, is Mercury seated to front, looking round to his wings in liair and 1. ;

drapery over r. thigh, caduceus in r. hand, purse in 1. ; below him is a cock to I.

His 1. leg is partly broken away. (3) Bacchus and Ariadne, both facing to the front :

.\riadne on the 1. has sceptre in r. hand and wears long chiton and hiniation Bacchus :
 SILVER TREASURES. 49

has drapery over 1. arm,

bunch of grapes in r.
hand, and thyrsus with
pine-cone at each end in
1. ; both wear wreaths.
At Ariadne's side is a
panther to 1., looking
round ; beyond Bacchus,
a crater containing grapes.

(4) On the rim on the

1. is a water-nymph
rechning on 1. elbow
(head to r.), with r. knee
drawn up and r. hand
placed on it, her 1. arm
and lower limbs covered
with drapery beyond is ;

a jar lying on its side,

from which a spring is

issuing. On the r. is a
river-god reclining on r.

elbow with feet to r. ;

he is bearded, with
drapery over lower limbs,
anchor in !. hand, and a
staff (?) in r., the arm Fig. 49 = No. 189.

resting on a fish or
dolphin. The design on the r. of this
figure is broken away.
Length cm.
of handle 14 -3 Width at
top 6- 8 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (MS. Cat.
Ixxxix. 61). Archaeologta, xv. pi. 31 ;

Wallis, Hist, of Northumb. ii. p. 536 ;

Hodgson, Hist, of Northumb. pt. 2, vol. i,

p. 228 Lapid. Septent. p. 343, No. 654,
;

3, fig. 3 Gaz. Arch. 1884, p. 267

; ;

Schreiber, Alexandr. Toreutik, p. 317 ;

Reinach, Repertoire de Reliefs, ii. p. 478.

Remains of gilding, on Ariadne's drapery
and elsewhere.

190. Part of Trulla, as the preceding. Plain

edge to handle, which ends on the rim in
scrolls (one side broken away). Designs
in relief : (i) At top of handle, head of
Jupiter (?) to the front, with short curly
beard ; on each side an eagle facing out- No. 50 = No. 190.
 50 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

wards with head bent round, in very low rehef and indistinct ; below, four flowers on
a festoon. (2), The Empress Julia Domna (?) to the front, holding out a patera in
r. hand over a cylindrical altar in her 1. is a legionary signiiin with a hand at ;

the top B.M. Cat. of Bronzes, No. 2733) and three wreaths and a crescent on the
(c/.

stem she wears a long girt chiton and himation round lower limbs. The figure
;

maj' be identified as Juha Domna from its close resemblance to the type on a coin
of that Empress (Cohen, Monnaies imp. ram. p. 115, No. 121). (3) A narrow

frieze with vase (?) nude child squatting to 1. on a low seat, with 1. hand raised a
; ;

cone-idol (?) Centaur galloping to 1.

; tree mela or cippus all very indistinct. ; ; ;

On the rim, foliage roughh' in the form of a swan's head.

Length of handle, 10-3 cm. Width 14-3 cm. at base. Payne Knight Coll. (MS. Cat.
Ixx-xix. 62). Archaeologia, xv. pi. 32a Wallis, p. 537 Hodgson, p. 228 Lapid. Septent. ; ; ;

p. 343, No. 654, fig.r Gas. Arch. 1884, p. 267 Schreiber, Alex. Toreutik, p. 318, No. 7 ;
; ;

Reinach, Rt'pert. de Reliefs, ii. p. 479.

191. Part of TruUa, as before, but coarser work, j^^^^f^"-'^'^

with less of rim remaining. Handle as No.

189 ;large beads all round the edge. In the

upper part of the handle is an irregularly-shaped
sinking for a relief-design now broken away,
representing a bust of Hercules with lion's skin
knotted round neck on the 1. is his scyphus, ;

on the r. his club. Below are represented

various animals slain by him : (i) the Nemean
lion lying to 1. ; (2) the Keryneian stag to r.,

lying down ; (3) the Erymanthian boar to 1.,

lying down. On the lower part of the handle in

the middle is a rectangular altar on which a fire

burns ; on the r. of this are a plant and (4) the

Lemaean hydra, with four heads visible on ;

the 1., (5) the tree of the Hesperidcs, round

which is twisted the serpent, with head
stretched downwards towards the altar ; against
the tree lean a quiver and bow-case conjoined. Fig. S' = No. 191

Beyond on the one of the Stymphalian

1. is (6)

birds pecking the ground to 1. on the r., another bird to 1. and a plant. ;

Length 15 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (MS. Cat. Ixxxix. 63). Archaeologia. xv pl- 30,
Wallis, p. 536 Hodgson, p 228 Lapid. Scptentr. p. 344, fig. 4 Ga Arch. ;
p. 393 ; ; ;

Schreiber Alex. Toreutik, p. 323, No. 19, fig. 62 Keniach R.'pert de

1884. p. 267 ;
;

Reliefs, ii. p. 480, No. i Broken across the middle.

192. Handle of Trulla, as before, in two pieces (now joined), the top of the handle and
part along the rim wanting. Designs in relief (i) on the middle of the handle, tin- :

figure of a goddess, probably Roma, to the front, holding spear or sceptre in r. hand,
and oval shield in 1., resting on her 1. thigh which is drawn up. She wears a cuirass,
and himation covering her r. leg and 1. thigh ; on her figure are remains of gilding.
 SILVER TREASURES. 51

Her 1. foot is supported on a helmet; ground indicated below. (2) On base of handle,
a rustic to 1., wearing short girt chiton, offering incense at a rectangular aedicula
with domed top on the 1., a temple standing obliquely, with three columns on the
;

front and pediment above on either side of it a tree. Below is a cave from which
;

issues a stream. In the angles are two reclining figures of river-gods, of which only
the upper parts are preserved their arms rest on vases lying on their sides from which
;

issueswater each turns round towards the centre, and wears a himation covering
;

the lower hmbs.

Length 8 cm. Payne Knight Coll. {MS. Cat. Ixxxix. 64). Archaeologia, xv. pi. 326 ;

Wallis, p. 537 Hodgson, p. 228

; Lapid. Septentr. p. 343, No. 2
; Gaz. Arch. 1884, ;

p. 267 Schreiber, Alex. Torentik, p. 318, No. 6, fig. 59

; Reinach, Rupert, de Reliefs, ;

11. p. 479, No. 2. C. W. King suggests that the temple and trees represent the temple of
Romulus by the side of the Tiber and Vne ficus Ruminalis.

Fig. 52 = No. 192. Fig. 33 = No. 193.

193. Relief, perhaps from handle of trulla, in the form of a circular medallion, to which
is attached a group of Hercules and Antaeus wrestling, modelled in the round.

Hercules grasps Antaeus from behind round the waist and raises his feet from the
earth to the height of his own knees ; both are nude and bearded, their heads very
small. In the background on the r. are the hero's club and Hon's skin on the 1., ;

the lower part of a draped woman (?).

Diam. 6-25cm. Payne Knight Coll. (MS. CaA Ixxxix. 65). Archaeologia, -kv . p. 393,
pi.30 Wallis, p. 537
; Hodgson, p. 228 Lapid. Septentr. p. 344, No. 5 Gaz. Arch. 1884.
; ; ;

p. 267 Reinach, Re'pert. de Reliefs, ii. p. 480, No. 2. Rough work and indi.stinct
; much ;

bent up and damaged.

194. Fragment of Trulla, forming bottom of bowl ; underneath are concentric circles.

Diam. 11-25 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (MS. Cat. Ixxxix. 60). Archaeologia, xv. pi. 33 ;

Wallis, p. 536 Hodgson, p. 228 Lapid. Septentr, p. 344, No. 6. Fine polish.
; ;

E 2
 ;

52 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

THE COLERAINE TREASURE (195-223).

Found in April 1854 at Ballinrees, near Coleraine, Comity Derry, Ireland, together
with a hoard of 1506 silver Roman coins, covering the period from Constantius II.
toHonorius (a.d. 337-423). Purchased from Mr. J. Gilmour, 1855. Full details of
the find are given in the Ulster Journal of Archaeology, ii. (1S54). P- 1S2, the article
being reprinted in Niiniism. Chronicle, xvii. (1855), p. loi ff. See also Proc. Kilkenny
Arch. Sac. iii. 1854, p. 62 ; Arch. Journ. xi. (1854), p. 283 and xvi. (1859), p. 40;

Eng. Hist. Review, xx\dii. (1913), p. 8; Willers, Bronzeeimer von Hemmoor, p. 237 ;
id. in Zeitschr.fnrNnniism. xxxi. {1899), p. 367 ; C. I. L. vii. 1198 ; Arch. Cambrensis,
1866, p. 303, 1867, p. 90.

195. Ingot, part of wedge-shaped, like the example

;

from the Tower (see No. 118) surface hammered. ;

Inscribed CVRMISSI, Citrinissi (a name not otherwise

known).
Length 6-25 cm. \\idth 7-5 cm. Weight 4 oz. 445
grains (150 grammes). Willers, Bronzeeimer von Hemmoor,
p. 237, pi. 12, 2; Nuynism. Chron. xvii. p. 105, No. 4 and
XV. (1915), p. 514, fig. 7 Rheni. Mits. xiv. {1859), p.
;

365 Yates in Somerset Arch. Soc. Trans, vni. p- 24

;

C. I. L. 1 198 and other reff. as above.

;

Fig. 54 = No. igs-

196. Ingot, part of, as the last; hole beaten through the wider
j

^'^'
part. Inscribed f mcT ^^ officina Patrici.

Length 5 cm. Width 6 cm. Weight 2 oz, 140 grains (70 grammes).
Willers, Bronzeeimer, p. 237, pi. 12, 3; Xumism. Chron. xv. (1915).
p. 515, fig. 8 other references as last.
;

197. Fragment of Ingot as before ; stamp apparently obliterated.

Length 5 cm. Width 8-4 cm. Weight 5 oz. 115 grains (163
grammes). W'iUcrs, Bronzeeimer von Hemmoor, pi. 12, 4. -
-x «

198. Ingot, in the form of a thick oblong bar with rounded ends.
Length 125 cm. Width 3-4 cm. Weight 10 oz. 350 grains (334 grammes).

199. Ingot, similar.

Length 12-5 cm. Width 4-3. Weight 11 oz. 35 grains (345 grammes).

200. Ingot, similar, but much narrower.

Length 7-8 cm. Width 1-25 cm. Weight i oz. 409 grains (58 grammes).

201. Ingot, as last.

Length 7-8 cm. Width 1-25 cm. Weight 1 oz. 3r39 grains (55 grammes).

202. Ingot, as before.

Length 8-4 cm. Widtli 1-25 cm. Weight i oz. 370 grains (55 grammes).
 SILVER TREASURES. 53

203. Flat Band, hammered, with parallel markings.

Length 9-7 cm. Weight i oz. 20 grains (32-5 grammes).

204. Part of Spoon. Oval bowl handle octagonal ; in section, joined to bowl by a curved
piece.

Length 7 5 cm. Handle bent and distorted.

205. Part of Spoon, as last ; handle ribbed.

Length 8- 75 cm. Bowl cut off straight across the middle.

206. Fragment of rectangular slab of silver, perhaps forming thehd of a box or casket ;

panels of ornament with borders of wavy lines and

beads. One panel is nearly complete, containing
two interlacing equilateral triangles, forming a six-
point star, with a rosette of six points in the centre ;

they are enclosed in a circle composed of tendrils.

Adjoining this is part of another panel with border
of guilloche pattern.

5x3-4 cm. Numism. Chronicle, xvii. p. 104, No. i.

Remains of gilding hole in corner for suspension or
;
No. 56 = No. 206.
nail. The patterns suggest an imitation of a mosaic
pavement.

207. Fragment, oblong, with one end

bent over at right angles. Narrow
panel with scroll-pattern within a
border of beads between lines ; along
JTJIJJTjnTJ
one row of arcading along the
side, ;

other, row of larger beads at the ;

end, an engraved floral pattern. On the bent-over piece is ^^^^^

a pattern of interlacing squares, inlaid on red background ; 'S^g;;,V«.i«.:<.:<.iii3i

the background of the upper surface is gilded all over.

7-5 X 2'5 cm. Numism. Chronicle, xvii. p. 105, No. 2.

208. Clasp from Belt (?), with lozenge-shaped centre and broad

blunt ends, with raised bars across the points of junction.

In the centre of the lozenge is an eight-point rosette within

a double circle of dots, surrounded by four groups of four

dots. On the end-pieces are patterns of hatched rectangles*
in four rows ; in the corners, holes for attachment.

Length 6-5 cm. Numism. Chronicle, xvii. p. 106, No. 6.

One corner broken off at each end.

* Cf. the late Roman pottery from the Marne district (Dechelette, Vases
ornis de la GatiU Rom. ii. pi. 11, p. 325). Fig. 58 = No. 2o3.
 54 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

209. Fragment from rim of large dish, vnth six large knobs along the edge, as on
the Mileham dish, No. 87.
Length 7 cm.

210. Fragment, similar ; nine knobs.

Length 8- 75 cm.

211. Fragment, similar ; seven knobs.

Length 6' 25 cm. Bent over double.

212. Fragment, similar ; nine knobs.

Length 9 cm.

213. Fragment, similar ; five knobs and part of another ; below, floral pattern engraved.
Length 6 cm.

214. Fragment, similar ; four knobs. Below, engraved

. design of flowers, leaves, and tendrils.
Length 5 cm.

215. Fragment of Bar, thick, of rectangular section. On Fig. 59 = NO' 2'4.

the top, between two shallow grooves, an engraved scroll

with vine-leaf and bunch of grapes.
Length 3 •
75 cm.

216. Fragment forming bottom of bowl or dish, with part of

base-ring.

7-5 X 5 cm. Much distorted.

Fig. 60 = No. 215.

217. Fragment, similar.

4-3x4 cm. Much bent.

218. Fragment of rim of bowl, with mouldings.

Length 6-5 cm. Much distorted.

219. Bottom of Bowl. Round the centre are engraved concentric circles.
Diam. 7-5 cm. Much bent up and damaged.

220. Fragment of Bowl or Cover, with moulding indicating a

flange or base-ring urnamented with rude egg-pattern (?) on
;

stippled ground, and row of beads, below which arc the head
and shoulders of a human figure to r.
4-3x4 cm. Niimism. Chron. xvii. p. 106, No. 5. Remains of
gilding.

221. Fragment with design in low relief ; draped figure in motion, [j

Ht. 4'0 cm. Design very indistinct ; much distorted. Hg. 61 = Ku. a^o.
 VOTIVE OBJECTS. 55

222. Fragment of Square Dish. Elaborate engraved design (i) Outer border of :

Lesbian kymation, on stippled ground. (2) Two square panels with frames of
engraved lines bordered by twisted cables
of two strands {a) in left-hand panel,
:

'
cruciform '
pattern of eight leaves (four
larger diagonally placed, overlaying four
smaller at right angles to the sides) ; in the
centre a quatrefoil ; in the field, stippled
tendrils. {b) In right-hand panel, diaper
pattern of circles formed of oval leaves
diagonally placed, with rosettes of dots in
the spaces.
8 X ys cm. Weight, 136-4 grammes =
2100 grains. Much bent up part of base- ;

ring remaining. Design like the patterns of

mosaic pavements.

223. Bowl. Hemispherical, with plain rim Fig. 62 = No. 222.

base-ring ; very thin walls. Designs

punched in dots and circles from the
outside, so as to be in relief inside.
Round the rim, row of dots, and row
of dotted circles with pairs of dots
between. Round the body, two bands
of ornament divided by a row of dotted
circles : (i) twelve circles of dots, each
ij in. diameter, divided alternately
by conventional trees with fruit and
by vertical chain patterns. (2) Six
similar circles of dots, divided alter- Fig. 63 = No. 223.

nately by trees with fruit (a different

type from those of the upper row), and lozenges containing a diaper pattern
of dotted circles, with groups of three similar circles at each angle. Below, row of
dotted circles round base, ring
; of dots between these, triangles of dots at intervals.
;

Ht. II cm. Diam. 18 cm. Numisni. Chronicle, xvii. p. 106. Much shattered; a
considerable number of pieces wanting.

(6) VOTIVE OBJECTS {224-241).

224. Votive Tablet to Jupiter Dolichenus. The tablet is in the form of a thin lamina
of silver with designs in repousse relief. In the centre a shrine, and below it, a
is

rectangular tablet containing an inscription. Surrounding these is a rectangular

frame-work with pointed base, obhquely ribbed. Above the pediment spring three
leaves similarly marked, with central ridge, branching out at the top into curling
fronds the middle one is surmounted by a crescent. These leaves are possibly
;
 56 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

intended to suggest the form of a thunderbolt. In the base of the tablet are two

small holes for suspension.

The shrine is in the form of a building with
two Corinthian columns, spirally fluted, the
gable ha\-ing rows of beads along the cornice
and a wreath in the tj'mpanum the archi- ;

trave extends across to the edges of the

framework. Within the shrine stands
Jupiter Dolichenus to the front, looking
to his r., and holding a thunderbolt in r.
hand and spear or sceptre in 1. He has
rough hair and beard, and wears a himation
round his loins, caught up over 1. shoulder ;

at his side is his eagle to 1.

The inscription (in punctured letters)

runs :

I-OMDGLICHIING-V /. 0. M. Doliclieno u-

BIFIIRRVM-NASCIT bi feniim nascit-

VRFLAVIVS-FIDIILIS iir Flavins Fidelis
iiT QIVLIVSPOSSTIM et Q. lulius Posstim-
VSnx-iMPllRlOiPSl us ex imperio ipsi-
VS-PROSiillTSVOS US pro se el SHOS (sic).

Ht. 24 cm. From Heddernheim, Germany.

Presented bv Sir A. WoUaston Franks (from
a sale at "Puttick and Simpson's), 1896. Fig. 64 = No. 224.

Bonner Jahrbiicher, 107, pi. 6, p. 61 Cook, ;

Zetis, i. p. 627, fig. 492 Brit. Mus. Guide to Exhibition of Greek and Roman Life,
;

P- 53. fig- 44 C. I. L. xiii. 73426. For the expression ubi ferrum nascitur, cf. C. 1. L.
;

iii. 1 28, 1 1927

1 the reference is to Doliche in Commagene, where there were iron mines.
;

On the subject generally see Hettner, De love Doliclieno Kan, De lovis Dolulieni citltu ; ;

Bonner Jahrb. 107, p. 61 ff. Cook, Zeus, i. p. 604 it. Daremberg and Saglio, Diet, des
; ;

Antiqs. ii. p. 329 (with bibliography) Pauly-Wissowa, s.v. Dolichenus, p. 1276. A

;

sanctuary of this deity at Carnuntum in Pannonia is described in Arch.-epigr. Milt,

aus Oesterr. 1893, p. 177 ff-

225. Tablet as the preceding, with similar ribbed frame-work above is an imitation ;

of a spearhead with similar frame-work in the form of foliage. 'J'herc is no design,

l)ut on a rectangular tablet is roughly scratched the inscription :

1 0-M-DO
•
l.O.M. Do-

1.1 CH UNO liclieno

Doniititis

Gcrmanus
v(otum) s[olvit) l{ibens) l(aeliis) m{erito).

Ht. 22-5 cm. Similarly acquired. Bonner Jahrb. 107, pi. (>, figs. 2, 3, p. 03 ; Cook,
Zeus, i. p. 628, fig. 493 C. /. /.. xiii. 7342^.
;
liolc broken out of upper part.
 VOTIVE OBJECTS. 57

226. Votive Tablet. As the preceding, but differing in shape, and very fragmentary.
It is in the form of a shrine within a rectangular frame, which is ribbed obhquely
at the sides and vertically below. From the gable rises an obUquely-ribbed leaf
between two large flat leaves which curve outwards this part is much mutilated, ;

as is also the lower frame-work. The shrine is a building with two Corinthian
columns, unfluted, the architrave over which is arched in the centre to leave room

for an inscription ; along the cornice

is a cymatiiim moulding ornamented
with acanthus patterns, and in the
tympanum are a crescent in the
upper angle and a star in each lower
angle.
In the middle of the design on the
ground-level is a square altar with
moulded top and base, on the 1. side of
which is Jupiter Dolichenus, stand-
ing full face on the back of a bull which
is to r. he holds a double axe in right
;

hand, and a thunderbolt with three

arrow-heads at each end in 1. His hair
and beard are rough, and he wears a
coat of mail reaching nearly to the
knees. Above him on the 1. hovers a
Victory holding a wreath over his
head, and a palm-branch in 1. ; she
wears a long chiton with over-fold.
On the r. of the scene, on the same
level with Jupiter, is a woman,
apparently also standing on an animal, Fig. 65 = No. 226,
of which the ears and one fore-leg are
visible ; she holds out a patera as if to pour a libation on the altar. In 1. hand
she holds a sceptre ; she wears a long girt sleeved chiton and himation veihng her
head. The background and many of the details, such as the wings of Victory,
are gilt.

In the upper part of the design are remains of an inscription in punctured letters :

ID-
 .8 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

227. Tablet. The form is similar to that of the Heddernheim reliefs, the upper part
being in the form of a large tapering leaf with oblique ribs, cur^ang over at the top ;

the lower part is in the form of a disc, but it is not certain that the two parts belong
to the same object. On the disc, within a border of large beads between two rmgs
of smaller beads, a bust of Helios (Sol) to the front he has thick curling hair,
is ;

round which is a radiated diadem, and drapery fastened with brooches on the
shoulders. Behind him are \'isible the fore-parts of two horses, one springing out
each side. Along the leaf are four rows of raised dots.

Ht. 28-5 cm. Diam. of disc, 9 cm. Found at Bala-Hissar (Pessinus). Bequeathed by
Sir A. W. Franks, K.C.B., 1899. Brit. Mtis. Guide to Exhibition of Greek and Roman
Life, p. 54, fig. 45. With this were found other votive discs, now melted down.

228. Tablet, similar. In this case there is no disc attached, but the design is on the
broad lower part of the leaf. It represents Selene (Luna) seated sidewaj's (facing
the front) on a horse which moves to 1., holding a patera in her r. hand she wears ;

'***..*:i»*^i ^•^

Fig. 66 = Nos. 227-229.

a long chiton reaching to the feet ; her head is mostly wanting. On the leaf arc
four rows of perforations in place of the usual raised dots.

Ht. 26-5 cm. Similarly acquired. Mus. Guide to Exhibition of Greek and Rowan
Brit.
Life, p. 54, fig. 45. The much
broken, and nearly half is wanting, including part
leaf is
of the design and the surrounding edges it is now in five separate pieces.
;
 VOTIVE OBJECTS. 59

229. Tablet, similar. Form as the preceding. On the broad end of the leaf is a figure
in relief of Mithras hand and a pine-cone in 1.
to the front, holding a patera in r. ;

he has thick straight hair falling each side of the face, sleeved chiton and another
garment over it, chlamys falling over the chest in front and caught up on thel. arm,
and high boots. At his r. side is a cock to 1., and behind it a small altar on which a
fire burns. On the leaf are rows of raised dots.
Ht. 26 cm. Similarly acquired. Brit. Mus. Guide to Exhibition of Greek and Roman
Life, p. 54, fig. 45.

THE BARKWAY TABLETS (230-236).

A series of seven thin leaf-shaped plates, found with other silver and bronze objects
in digging a chalk pit in Rookery Wood, between the village of Barkway and the

Ermine Street in Hertfordshire, about 1743. They were bequeathed to the

Museum in 1817 by Lord Selsey. Five of them
have representations of Mars or dedications
to that deity two have figures of Vulcan, one
;

with a dedicatory inscription. It is probable that

they were votive objects suspended round a way-
side shrine on the Ermine Street, from which
they were at and concealed.
one time stolen
They resemble form the votive tablets to
in
Jupiter Dolichenus (Nos. 224-226), and others
found at Dodona (Carapanos, Dodone, ii. pi. 49,
No. 11) cf. also those from Stony Stratford (Nos.
;

237 ff.). With them were found a bronze figure

of Mars (now in the British and Mediaeval
Department) and part of a bronze implement or
utensil.

Philosoph. Trans, xliii. (1746), p. 349, pis. i, 2 ;

Royal Soc. Letters and Papers, Decade i, No. 356 ;

MS. Min. Soc. of Antiqs. 1745, v. 2 and

xxxiii, 303 ;

Camden, Britannia, ed. Gough, 1789, i. p. 341 ;

Lysons, Reliq. Brit. Rom. ii. {1813), pis. 40-42 ;

Brayley and Britten, Beauties of England and Wales

(1808), vii. p. 184 Annates encyclop. v. (1818), p.
;

153, No. 84 Clutterbuck, Hist, of Herts, (1827), iii.

;

p. 361 ; Cussans, Hist, of Herts (Edivinstree

Hundred), 1872, p.24 ; Victoria County Hist, of
Herts, iv. p. 149, plate 10 ; C. I. L. vii. 84-86.

230. Tablet. In the form of a leaf with broad pointed

base, tapering upwards and ending in three
points, thoseat the side curving outwards, the
middle one lozenge-shaped rib up the middle, ;

with oblique markings each side like the Jupiter pig. g^ = no. 230.
 6o CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

Dolichenus tablets. Towards the base is an eared tablet on which is inscribed in

punctured letters : MARTI Marti
TOVTATI Tout at i
Tl CLAVDIVS PRIMVS Ti. Claudius Primus
ATTII LIBER Attn liber (tus)
V-SL M- v{otum) s[olvit) l{ubens) m{erito).

Ht. 51-25 cm. Width 25-6 cm. C. I. L. vii. 84. Much broken point on right side
;

wanting. The second word of the inscription has also been read as loviaUs, but there
is no authority for such an epithet of ;\Iars. On the other hand, Mars Toutates is a
well-known Celtic deity the name is also spelled Ttitates or Teutates. and is derived
;

from tenia, a people or state (see Holder, Altcellische Sprachsatz, ii. pp. 1805, 1896). He
was worshipped with human sacrifices (Lucan, i. 444 Lactantius, Div. Inst. i. 21).
;

Cf. C. I. L. iii. 5320; also Roscher, Le;r;7(0);, s.v. Mars, p. 2399 D'Arbois de Jubainville,
;

Cycle Myth. Iilaud. p. 378. For Attius cf. C. I. L. vii. 27, 386, 390, 394. The arrange-
ment of the freedman's name is unusual.

231. Tablet. Oblong form, tapering slightly upwards, with finial as last, but flat-topped ;

elaborate leaf-markings all over except in centre, where is a panel containing a

Fig. 68 = No. 231.

shrine. The shrine has twisted cohunns with leaf-capitals, and ijcdinicnt with
cable-moulding on cornices, within which is a wreath. In the shrine is a figure of
Mars to front looking to I., with spear in r. hand and 1. resting on sliidd he wears ;
 VOTIVE OBJECTS. 61

helmet, short chiton, cuirass, and greaves, Below is an cared tablet on which is

inscribed in punctured letters :

DMARTIALATORI D(eo) Marti Alatori

DVMCENSORINVS Dum{nonins ?) Censorinus
GEMELLI-FIL Gemelli fil{ius)
V-SLM v{otum) s{olvit) l{ubens) m{erito).

Ht. 18 cm.Width 10 cm. C. /. L. vii. 85 Daremberg and Saglio, Diet, des Antiqs.,
;

s.v.Donarium, p. 375, fig. 2539. Edges much broken points at top and on right side ;

wanting. Mars Alator was a local deity the word alator appears to mean huntsman.'
;
'

There is an altar to him at South Shields (Ephem. Epigr. vii. 999). See also Roscher,
Lexikon, s.v. Mars, p. 2396. The name Dumnonius is not a certain restoration, but if
correct, it indicates a provincial who was not a Roman citizen,
adopting a nomen from his tribe in south-west Britain. ?^^
232. Tablet of rectangular form with elaborately ornamented top,
consisting of a pair of volutes as on No. 231, with a piece above
in the form of the tablet No. 230. On the upper part are
leaf-markings ; down the sides, chevron patterns ; along the
base, panel of lattice-pattern. In the centre is a shrine witli
gabled top supported on spirally-twisted columns with plain
flat capitals the cornice of the gable is marked with herring-
;

bone patterns. Within the shrine is Mars to the front, looking

to the r., as in last, with chlamys over r. shoulder.

Ht. 20 cm. Diam. II cm. Edges injured and points at top on

left side broken.

233. Tablet as No. 231, with leaf-markings above ; below, panel

with borders of herring-bone pattern, in which is Mars as
before, but not in a shrine, looking to 1.

Ht. 11-8 cm. Width 4 cm. Projections at top broken ; design

rough and indistinct. N^i^^^iws^s^

234. Fragment of similar tablet Mars within shrine with

;

twisted columns and leaf-capitals as No. 231 the ;

entablature is ornamented with cable-moulding.

Ht. 7' 8 cm. Width 4-6 cm. Upper part wanting; lower
edge much damaged design very indistinct.
;

235. Tablet as No. 232, with elaborate leaf-markings on upper

part. Below, on either side, panel of dotted lattice-pattern,
and in the middle a shrine with gabled top supported on
twisted columns with plain caps at the apex and angles of
;

the gable are volute-ornaments. Within the shrine is a

figure of Vulcan to the front, looking to 1. he wears a cap, ;

boots, short chiton, and mantle hanging from 1. shoulder ;

in r. hand he holds out a pair of pincers and in 1. is a hammer ; Fig. 71 = No. 234.
 •62 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

at his side is an anvil, on which is an S-shaped object. Below the

shrine is

inscribed NV V L CO, Nu{mim) Vtilco{no) ; cf. C. /. L. vii. 398.

Ht. i6-8cm. Diam. 8-4cm. C. I. L. vii. 86. Top complete but lower edge injured.

Fig. 72 = No. 235. Fig- 73 = ^'°- =3*-

236. Tablet as Nos. 233-234 ; top part nearly all wanting. Round the edges, leaf-
markings, except along the base, where is a band of lattice-pattern. In the centre
a shrine with figure of Vulcan, all as on No. 235.
Ht. 8-75 cm. Width 5 em.

THE STONY STRATFORD TABLETS (237-241).

Found in 1789 in an urn at Windmill Field, Stony Stratford, Buckinghamshire, on

Watling Street. Lysons, Rdiq. Brit. Rom. ii. pi. 39, iig. 7 ; MS. Miu. Soc. Autiqs.

xxxiii. 306, June 1813 (Lysons) ; C. I. L. vii. 80-82 ; Victoria County Hist, of Bucks,

ii.p. II. There are between 50 and 60 fragments of tablets in all, of which some
half-dozen have figure-subjects, resembling those on the Barkway tablets. Besides
the one here given, Hiibner in C. /. L.vii. 81-82 gives two more inscribed tablets,

but the inscriptions are now no longer legible.

237 Tablet, two pieces, with leaf-markings along each

in side, (i) On a square panel
is engraved in very faint letters :

DEO Deo
lOVi ET VVLCA lovi ct Vulca{no)
VASSINVS Vassinus
 ;

VOTIVE OBJECTS. 63

CVM VELLI cum velli-

NT ME CON nt me con-
SACRATVM sacratum
CONSZRVA conserva{re)
PROMISI DENA promisi dena-
RIOS SIX PRO VO riossexprovo-
To SA EST • • to sa{lutis ?r)est {itnlae ?].

(2) Upper part in leaf-form with oblique markings

lower part rectangular. Within a border composed of
wreaths are two figures confronted, now nearly obliterated :

on the 1., Mars (?) with helmet, etc. on the r., Vulcan (?), ;

bearded, wearing short chiton.

Ht. of panel 7-5 cm. ; of the other part, 14-3 cm. Width
7 cm. C. I L.
. vii. 80. Much injured.

238. Fragment of tablet tapering upwards, with leaf-mark-

ings ; below,, shrine with archunder a gable resting on
twisted columns with moulded caps. Within it is Apollo
to 1., beardless, wearing wreath in r. hand he holds up a
;

flower (?) his 1. rests on his lyre

; lower part wanting. ;

Ht. 8-75 cm.

239. Fragment, similar. Double shrine with two gables and

twisted columns with moulded caps and bases on the ;
^'^' '''' ^ ^°' '^''

cornice of the gable is a cable-moulding. On the 1. is Mars to 1., with crested

helmet, cuirass, short chiton, and caligae, 1. hand resting on edge of shield, r.

holding spear on the r., part of Victory to

; r., winged, with long chiton and over-
chiton, holding a palm-branch.

8-75 X 7-3 cm.

Fig- 75 = ^fo• =38. Fig. 76 = No. 239.

 64 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

240. Fragment, similar. Lower part of Mars as in No. 239 on the

; r., twisted
column. Upper part in leaf-form with oblique markings, as No. 237 ; head and
r. hand of Mars v-isible.
4-3x4 and 4-2 X 2*7 cm.

^'8 77 = ^o* 240.

241. Fragment, similar. Gabled shrine as in No. 239, in which is Mars to front with
face to 1., wearing helmet, cuirass, and caligac r. hand holds spear and 1. rests
;

on edge of shield. On either side, oblique leaf-markings.

5 X 4-5 cm.
 —

6s

I.— INDEX OF PLACES.

Alexandria, 7. Heddernheim, Germany, 224-226.

Aquileia, 70. Hermione, 18.
Arcisate, Italy, 126-130.
Asia Minor, 77.
Kameiros, I, 17.
Athens, 80.
Kertch, 57.

Backworth, Northumberland, 183-187.

Barkway, Herts, 230-236. London :

Bordighera, 88. London Bridge, 49.

boscoreale, i5, 26. The Tower, 118.
Brusa, II 9-1 25.
BUDRUM (Halicaniassos) , i6.
Macon, France, 27-34, 35

Cairo, 43.
Capheaton, Northumberland, 188-194. Naukratis, 107.
Caubiac, France, 137-143.
Chalke, 14.
Par.\mythia, Epirus, 6.
Chaource, France, 144-182.
Perugi.\, 2-4, 47.
Ch.\tuzange, France, 131-136.
Pessinus (Bala-Hissar), 227-229.
Chiusi, 21-25.
Coiihbr.\, Portugal, 81.
CoLERAiNE, Ireland, 195-223. Rome, 64.
Cologne, 92.
Corfu, 68, 108.
Curium, Cyprus, 12, 13. Sicily, 5.
Cyprus, 117. Sofia, 106.
Stony Stratford, Bucks, 237-241.
Egypt, Switzerland, 115.
76, 86, 94.
Eretri.\, 89. Syria, 73.
EzE, France, 8-10.
T.^rentum, 71.
France, 85, 99, no.
Valence, France, 75.
Greece, 62. Vesuvius, Mt., 48.
GuiSBOROUGH, Yorkshire, 105. Vienne, France, 74.
 66

II.— GENERAL INDEX.

Abundantia, 50. Bronze, silver-plated, 18, 19, 85, 106, 115,

Achilles, 69. 173-175. 179-181-

Aedicula, 136, 192. Brusa Tre.\sure, 119-125.
Alabastron, 89. Bull, 74, 226.
Alator, see Mars. Bust of Roman Lady, 26.

Altar, 18, 33, 71 ?, 78, 136-139, 190, 191. Butterfly, 71.

226, 229.
Amazon, 3, 54. Calathos, worn by Isis, 44.
Amphora, 79. Caligae, 239-241.
Amulet, 50. Capheaton Treasure, 188-194.
Anchor, 189. Cartouches, i.
Ankh, I. Cassandra ?, 91.
Antaeus, 193. Cat, I, 116.
Anvil, 235. Caubiac Treasure, 137-143.
Ape, I. Cavarianus, 152, 153, 165, 166.
Aphrodite, 18, 38-41, 140 toilet of, 71 ;
Cave, 192.
and see Venus. Centaur, 190.
Apollo, 9, 238 head or bust of, 33, 37 ?
;
Chaource Treasure, 144-182.
Apotheosis of Herakles, 8, 9. from, 2, 3.
Chariot, 8, 7 ; reliefs
Arcis.\te Treasure, 126-130.
Chatuzange Treasure, 131-136.
Ares, 8 ;and see Mars. CiSTA, 138.
Ariadne, 67, 189. City, deity of, 33.
Artemis. 28, 78 bust of, 33 and see ;
;
Claudius Primus, T., 230.
Diana. Cock, 29, 61, 66, 150, 189, 229.
Aryballos, 21. Coleraine Treasure, 195-223.
astyoche ?, 90.
Column, 69, 136, 224, 226, 231, 232, 234-236,
.Athena, 8, 9, 20 bust of ?, 65.
;
238-241.
Aurelianus, 169.
Cone-idol ?, 190.
Autumn, 74. Corn, Ears of, 74.
AxE, Double, 226. Cow, Head of, 57.
Crab, 76.
Bacchic masks, 137-139. 171- Cradle, 115.
Bacchus, 189 and see Dionysos.
;
Cranes, 72.
Backworth Treasure, 183-187. Crater, 189.
Base, antique, 28-31, 33, 34, 144. Crocodile, 77.
Basket, 71, 74, 76, 1^6. Crook, Shepherd's, 74, 137-139, 189.
Belt, part of, 208. Crow, 71.
Boar, 2, 74 Erymanthian, 191.
;
Crown, mural, 33.
Boat, i, 77, 115. Crowns of North and South, 47.
Boethos, 7. Cucullus, 74, 145.
Bottle, 55. Cupid, 73, 74, 140 ; and see Eros.
Bow-case, 191. Curmissus, 195.
Boy and Goose, 7. Cuttle-fish, 76.
 GENERAL INDEX. ^7

Dancing Woman, 56. Harpocrates, I, 47-49.

Days of the Week, 33. Helios, head or bust of, 68 ?, 227 ; and see
Deer, 105, 138. Sol.
Diana, bust of ?, 73 and see Artemis.
; Herakles, 9, 90,
8, 193 infant, ; 115 ;

DioNYSOs, 8, 9, 67, 70 infant, 43, 53 ?

; ; and labours191of,head of, 63. ;

see Bacchus. Hercules, see Herakles.

Dioscuri, 33, 66 ? Hermes, 8, 9, 29-32, 66, 150.
Doe, 75, 137. Herondas quoted, 7.
Dog, 47, 49, 73, 75, 139 head ; of, 59 ? Hesperides, tree of, 191.
Dolphin, 71, 74, 93, 135, 189 ? Hieroglyphs, i.
DoMiTius Germanus, 225. Hind, 90.
Dove, 18. Horus-hawk, I.

Duck, 76. Hydra, 191.

DuMNONius Censorinus, 231.
Ingot, 5, 118, 195-202.
Eagle, 224
47, 190, head ; of, 73. Ink-pot, go, 91, 92 ?
Egyptian hieroglyphics, i ; land- Isis, 44-46.
scape, 77.
Electrum, 2, 3.
Eros, and see Cupid. Julia Domna, 190.
18, 41, 42, 70, 71, 77 ;

Julius Felix, S., 137 Posstimus, Q.,

Erym.\nthian boar, 191. ;

224.
Ethiopian slave, 38.
Eugrafus, 140. Juno, bust of ?, 73, 189.
Jupiter, 33 head of, 190 ? Doli-
Eurypylos, 91. ; ;

chenus, 224-226 and see Zeus. ;

Fabius Dubitatus, 183.

Felicitas, 136.
Keryneian Stag, 191.

Fisherman, 76.
Key of Temple, 117.
Kid, 74.
Fishing implements, 93.
Flavius Fidelis, 224 Honorinus, Kymation, Lesbian, 8, 10, 15, 18, 77, 80, 84,
;

150, 222.
1x8.
Fortuna, 144.
Fox-goose, 7. Lagona, 147.
Fruit, 18, 74, 136, 140 ? Lamp, 115.
Landscape, Egyptian, 77.
Lantern, 145.
Genialis, 151, 163, 179, 180.
Lanx, 86, 131, 141-143, 154-156.
Genius, 34, 74, 137.
Legionary signum, 190.
Gilding or Gold, use of, 11, 15, 21, 24, 28,
Lernaean hydra, 191.
29. 33. 36. 49. 73. 78-80, 82, 90, 91, 93.
Lesbian Kymation, 8, 10, 15, 18, 77, 80, 84,
106, 128, 135, 139, 144, 145, 147, 148,
150, 222.
150, 183, 192, 206, 207, 226.
Libation, 33, 226.
Goat, 27, 139 head of, 137.
;
Nemean, 191.
Lion, 2, 137, 139 ;

Goddess, unidentified, 19, 51, 52 ; and see

Lioness, 137.
33-
Loin-cloth, 76.
Graces, 73, 132.
Lotos-plants, 77.
Grapes, 74, 189.
Lucinus, 136.
Grasshopper, 71.
Luna, on horse, 228 bust of, 33 ; ; and see
Selene.
Hammer, 235, 236. Lunar disc, 44, 46.
Hare, 73. Lyre, 9, 71, 78, 238.
68 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE.

AL^coN Treasure, 27-35. Quadriga, 8, 9.

Maenad, mask of, 138. Quiver combined with bow-case, 191.
Marine monster, see Sea-monster.
Hars, 33, 73, 232-234, 237 ?, 239-241 ;

AlATOR, 231 ; TOUTATES,

R.\M, 58, 66, 139, 150.
230 ; and see Ares.
Mask, 75, 78, and see
Rea Silvia, 73.
137-139, 171 ;

River-god, 189, 192.

Medusa.
Massilia, Tyche of
Roma ?, 192.
?, 33.
Roman Lady, bust of, 26.
/xaoTor, 13, 129.
M aires, 183.
Rustic, 189, 192.
Medusa, mask of, 64.
Menrfa, 20.
Mercury, 33, 189 ; and see Hermes. Sacrifice to Artemis, 78.
Meia ?, 190. Sarapis, 6.
Mirror, 24, 106-110, 124, 184. S.4TURNUS, 33.
MiRROR-CASE, 18, 70, 71, 110-114. Satyr, 138, 140 ? ; mask of, 137-139, 171.
Mithras, 229. Scourge, i.
Mouse, 60. Scyphiis of Herakles.'^igi.
Mut, vulture of, i. Sea-horse, 74.
Sea-lion, 74, 171.
Sea-monster, 74, 77, 171.
Neith, emblem of, i.
Seasons, 74.
Nemean lion, 191.
Seilenos, 53, 67, 70.
Neoptolemos, 91.
Selene, 228 and see Luna.
;
Niello, 90, 91, 131, 133, 151. 154, 155.
Serpent, 44, 47, 72, 77, 115, 135, 191.
Nike, 8, 9 and see Victory.
;
Sheep, 55, 136, 189.
Nile, River, 77.
Shell, 71, 74, 76 imitation of, 93.
;
Nodus Isiacus, 45.
Shepherd, 55, 189.
Shepherd's crook, 74, 137, 139.
Oscillum, 78. Shrine, 224, 226, 231, 232, 234-236, 238-
Owl, 20. 241.
Ox-skull, 78. Sickle, 74.
Signum, legionary, 190.
Simpulum, 122, 128.
Pa, I. Sistrum, 1 16.
Paenula, 145. Slave, 145.
Pan, mask of ?, 171. Sol, 33 ;bust of, 227 and see Helios. ;

Pan-pipes, 71, 136, 138. Spatula, 130.

Panther, 74, 189. Sphinx, 2.
Papyrus plant, 1. Spindle, 125.
Patera, bust from, 26. Spoon, 20, 94-105, 123, 1S5-1S7, 204, 205.
Patricus, 196. Spring (Season), 74 (of water),
:

Peacocks, 106. 189.

Pepper-castor, 145. Stag, 74, 137. 139, 191.
Petasos, winged, 32, 136. Statue, 71.
Pincers, 235, 236. Stkicring-oar, 44, 43 ?, 40 ?, 74.
Pine-cone, 229. Strainer, 129, 146.
Piperaloriuni, 145. Strf.am, 192.
Priapus, 140 ? ; mask of, 138. Strigil, 25.
Prochoos, 132. Stvmphalian bird, 191.
Purse of Hermes, 29-31, 66, 136, 150, 189. Summer, 74.
 UKNERAL INDEX. 69

Tambourine, 137. Utia, 126.

Telephos, story of, 90, gi. Utius, 128.
Temple, 192 ; ,key of, 117.
Thunderbolt, 224, 226. Vassinus, 237.
Thyrsus, 8, 71, 137-139. i89- Venus, 33 and see Aphrodite.
;

Toilet of Aphrodite, 71. Victory, 226 and see Nike.

;

Torch, 137 ?, 140. Votive tablets, 224-241.

TpayeXa4>os ?, I38, 139. VuLCANUs, 235, 236, 237 ?
Treasures, see Separate Headings. Vulture, i.
Trident, 77, 93, 135.
Trulla, 73, 135, 136, 183, 188-194.
Water-Nymph, i8(
Trygon, 5.
WiNNOWING-FAN ?, 74-
Tutelary, deity of city, 33.
Winter, 74.
Tyche ?, 33.

Zeus, 27, 35, 36 head

; of, 62 ; XvKawi, f,

Urceus, 147. and see Jupiter.

 JO

. III.— INDEX OF INSCRIPTIONS.

Anu, 154. MARTI TOUTATI, etc., 230.

Aureliani S. II., 169. Mams, lyz ; of. 161.
MATR-FABDUBIT, 183.
Menrfa, 20.
Cavariani, 152, 153, 165, 166. Mer, 97.
CURMISSI, 195.

NVVLCO, 235.
D(eo)MARTI ALATORI, etc., 231.
DEO lOVI ET VULCA, etc., 237.
P. VI, 131.
AIOZ AVKA, 5.
P{pndo) l[ibrae) II, etc., 156
P. s. (?) e I, 146.
nil s., 140.
Etigrafi p.
EX OF FL HONORINI, 118.
Rusa, 161.
EX OF PATRICI, 196.

S. I. F., p. VI. s., 137.

Genialis, 151, 163, 179, 180.

T. Uti. U.f.p. III., sc. IV, 128.

I.O.M. DOLICHENO, etc., 224-226. TPVrON, 5.

Lucini Vavisna, 136. Ulia T.f. P. I, 126.

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106 MIRROR FROM BULGARIA.

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