CS601 FINAL TERM SOLVED MCQs

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______________________

_________

Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which is not an element of protocol

► semantics

► timing

► communication service module

Question No: 2 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Layers 5, 6 and 7 also called as network support layers.

► True

► False

Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Fourier transform tells us that any digital signal can be decomposed into infinite
number of periodic signals

► True

► False
Question No: 4 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Time domain plot show changes in signal phase with respect to time.

► True

► False

Question No: 5 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Analog to digital conversion is also termed as modulating an analog signal.

► True

► False

Question No: 6 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

DC component is also termed as Direct current component or a component with

non-zero frequency.

► False

► True

Question No: 7 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Manchester is a type of ____________encoding.

► biphase

► polar
 ► biphase & polar

► none of the given

Question No: 8 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The inversion of the level at 1 bit is called as __________

► NRZ-L

► NRZ-I

► RZ

Question No: 9 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

PCM is the first process of PAM.

► True

► False

Question No: 10 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

In 4PSK each phase change represents ______bits.

►3

►6

►2

►4

Question No: 11 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

In RS 422 Balanced mode two lines carry ________ signals which are not
identical to each other.

► same

► different

► digital

► analog

Question No: 12 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

A ______________ converts an analog signal into a digital signal.

► Demodulator

► Modulator

► Digital-to-analog converter

Question No: 13 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following is an example of ITU-T modem standards:

► T-series

► X-series

► N-series

► V-series

Question No: 14 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The maximum data rate in the uploading direction is still ____________.

► 26.6 Kbps

► 33.6 Kbps

► 36.6 Kbps

► 46.6 Kbps

Question No: 15 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following primarily uses guided media

► Cellular telephone system

► Local telephone system

► Satellite communications

► Radio broadcasting

Question No: 16 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

When a beam of light travels through media of two different densities, if the angle
of incidence is greater than the critical angle, ____________occurs.

► Reflection

► Refraction

► Incidence

► Criticism

Question No: 17 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

When we talk about unguided media, usually we are referring to _________.

► Metallic wires

► Nonmetallic wires

► The air

► Water

Question No: 18 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Optical fibers are defined by the ratio of the ___________ of their core to the
diameter of their cladding.

► Diameter

► Radius

► Length

► Width

Question No: 19 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

All of popular Fiber optic connectors are ___________ shaped.

► Conical

► Barrel

► Circular

► Rectangular

Question No: 20 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Radio wave transmission utilizes ___________ different types of propagation.

► Four

► Three

► Two

► Five

Question No: 21 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

dB is ____________ if a signal is amplified.

► Negative

► Positive

► Null

► Zero

Question No: 22 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

A prism can deflect the light depending upon the angle of ____________ and the
frequency.

► Deviation

► Incident

► Refraction

► Reflection
Question No: 23 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Asynchronous TDM is efficient only when the size of the time slot is kept
relatively _______________

► Large

► Small

► Medium

► None of the given

Question No: 24 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The local loop has ___________ cable that connects the subscriber telephone to
the nearest end office.

► Twisted-pair

► Coaxial

► Fiber-optic

► None of the given

Question No: 25 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Data from a computer are ____________; the local loop handles _________
signals.

► Analog; analog

► Analog; digital

► Digital; digital

► Digital; analog
Question No: 26 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which error detection method uses ones complement arithmetic?

► Simple parity check

► Two-dimensional parity check

► CRC

► Checksum

Question No: 27 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Flow control is needed to prevent ____________

► Bit errors

► Overflow of the sender buffer

► Overflow of the receiver buffer

► Collision between sender and receiver

Question No: 28 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

____________ coordinates the amount of data that can be sent before receiving
acknowledgment

► flow control

► error control

► data control
Question No: 29 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Error control is both error _________ and error ___________

► detection; correction

► detection; deletion

► detection; avoidance

► detection; forwarding

Question No: 30 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Addressing is not needed in _______________ configuration.

► Point to Point

► Multipoint

► Point to point and multipoint

Question No: 31 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

In a Go-Back-N ARQ, if the window size is 63, what is the range of sequence
number?

► 0 to 63

► 0 to 64

► 1 to 63

► 1 to 64

Question No: 32 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

A timer is set when ___________ is sent out.

► A data frame

► An ACK

► A NAK

Question No: 33 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Sliding window requires that data frames be transmitted _______________

► Sequentially

► Frequently

► Synchronously

► Asynchronously

Question No: 34 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

In Y-MODEM Multiple files can be sent simultaneously

► True

► False

Question No: 35 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

BLAST stands for :

► Blocked asynchronous transmission

► Blocked synchronous transmission

 ► Barrel asynchronous transmission

► Below asynchronous transmission

Question No: 36 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

HDLC is an acronym for ______________.

► High-duplex line communication

► High-level data link control

► Half-duplex digital link combination

► Host double-level circuit

Question No: 37 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The HDLC ___________ field defines the beginning and end of a frame.

► Flag

► Address

► Control

► FCS

Question No: 38 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

_________ is the access protocol used by traditional Ethernet.

► CSMA/CD

► CSMA/CA
 ► Token Ring

► CSMA

Question No: 39 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Bridges can divide a large ________ into smaller segments

► Network

► Packet

► Frame

► Address

Question No: 40 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Like VRC, LRC and CRC, Checksum is also based on _______________.

► Redundency

► Decimal Division

► Encryption

► Encoding

Question No: 41 ( Marks: 2 )

What are the conditions for the polynomial used by the CRC generator?

CRC generator:
CRC generator (the divisor) is most often represented not as a1’s and 0’s but as
an algebraic polynomial.
conditions for the polynomial:
it should have following properties:
It should not be divisible by “x”.
It should not be divisible by “x+1”.
The first condition guarantees that all burst error of a length equal to degree of
the polynomial is detected.
The 2nd condition guarantees that all burst error affecting an odd number of bits
are detected.

Question No: 42 ( Marks: 2 )

What are intelligent modems?

Intelligent modems:

A modem that responds to commands and can accept new instructions during
online transmission. It was originally developed by Hayes.
Example:
 Automatic answering,
 Dialing etc.

Question No: 43 ( Marks: 2 )

What is the basic purpose of Router?

Basic purpose of Router:

"A router is a device that extracts the destination of a packet it receives, selects
the best path to that destination, and forwards data packets to the next device
along this path. They connect networks together;
a LAN to a WAN for example, to access the Internet.
"A more precise definition of a router is a computer networking device that
interconnects separate logical subnets."

Question No: 44 ( Marks: 3 )

What are the fractional T Lines?

The fractional T Lines:

Many subscribers don’t need the entire capacity of the T-line.
For example,
A small business may need only one-fourth of the capacity of T-line. if four
business of same size lie in the same building, they can share T-line.DSU/CSU
allow the capacity of T-line to be interleaved in to four channels
Question No: 45 ( Marks: 3 )

What are the light sources used for optic fiber?

 light sources used for optic fiber:

 The light source can weather be an LED or ILD
 LED (Light emitting diode) cheaper but provide unfocused light that strikes
the boundaries of channel at uncontrollable angles.
 Limited to short distance use.
 LASSER
 Can be focused to a narrow range allowing control over angle of
incidence.

Question No: 46 ( Marks: 3 )

What is Multi Access Unit (MAU) in Token Ring?

Multi Access Unit (MAU) in Token Ring:

 Individual automatic switches are combined in to a hub
 One MAU can support up to 8 stations.
 Although it looks like a star, it is in fact a ring.

Question No: 47 ( Marks: 5 )

Give characteristics of Dual Ring, if necessary then draw the diagram. [5]

Characteristics of Dual Ring:

A network topology in which two concentric rings connect each node on a
network instead of one network ring that is used in a ring topology. Typically, the
secondary ring in a dual-ring topology is redundant. It is used as a backup in
case the primary ring fails. In these configurations, data moves in opposite
directions around the rings. Each ring is independent of the other until the
primary ring fails and the two rings are connected to continue the flow of data
traffic.

Primary Ring

Node Node

Node

Node Node

Secondary Ring

Question No: 48 ( Marks: 5 )

What the receiver will receive if the checksum method is applied to the following

bit.
10101001 00111001

Ans:

the receiver will receive the checksum method is applied to the following bit.
10101001 00111001
10101001 00111001
Sum of 2 bits are
10101001
00111001
-------------------
11100010
00011101 1's complement
1
--------------
00011110 2's complement
-----------
10101001 00111001 ==> 00011110

So the data transmitted which will receiver get:

10101001 00111001 00011110

Question No: 49 ( Marks: 5 )

What is rafraction in terms of optic fiber? Give one example.

Refraction:
Light travels in a straight line as long as it is moving through a single uniform
structure If a ray of light traveling through one substance enters another (more or
less dense) substance, its speed changes abruptly causing the ray to change
direction. This phenomenon is called Refraction.

Refraction in terms of optic fiber:

the propagation of light in an optical fiber which in its simplest form consists of a
circular core of uniform refractive index surrounded by a cladding of slightly lower
refractive index. The light is launched into the entrance face of the fiber.
The light is propagated by the total internal reflection at the interface between
core and cladding. However the rays incident at angles larger than a certain
angle, called the cut-off angle, suffer both refraction and reflection at the interface
between the core and the cladding.
They, therefore, are not guided. Due to this the optical fiber has a numerical
aperture. The numerical aperture is given by the square root of (n 12-n22). Typical
values of numerical aperture lie between 0.1 and 0.3.

The refractive indices of the core and the cladding are n1 and n 2 respectively.
The fiber is normally in air (n0=1) but could also be in a medium of refractive
index n0.

Question No: 50 ( Marks: 10 )

What are the asynchronous protocols in data link layer? Discuss in detail with
examples. [10 marks]

Asynchronous protocols in data link layer:

Asynchronous communication at the data link layer or higher protocol layers is
known as statistical multiplexing or packet mode communication,
For example :
Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM). In this case the asynchronously transferred
blocks are called data packets,
Async protocols in Data link layer is called statistical multiplexing. for example
ATM cells.
The opposite is circuit switched communication, which provides constant bit rate,
for example ISDN and SONET/SDH.
The packets may be encapsulated in a data frame, with a frame synchronization
bit sequence indicating the start of the frame, and sometimes also a bit
synchronization bit sequence, typically 01010101, for identification of the bit
transition times. Note that at the physical layer, this is considered as
synchronous serial communication.
Examples of packet mode data link protocols that can be/are transferred using
synchronous serial communication are the

 HDLC,

 Ethernet,

 PPP and

 USB protocols.

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