JABATAN PENDIDIKAN KEJURUTERAAN

FAKULTI PENDIDIKAN TEKNIKAL DAN VOKASIONAL

LABORATORY INSTRUCTION SHEET

Name MAS ZHAMIR ZHAKWAN BIN ABDUL AZID

NO MATRIC CB200066
Course : ELECTRONIC 2
Course Code : BBV 30303
Experiment : 03
Experiment Tittle: DC AND AC BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTOR
ANALYSIS
Programme : BBE

DENGAN HIKMAH, KITA MENEROKA

WITH WISDOM, WE EXPLORE
EXPERIMENT: DC AND AC BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTOR ANALYSIS
OBJECTIVES:
1. To determine the voltage on DC biasing
2. To determine the AV gain (ac analysis) if capacitor CE is bypass.
 3. To determine the AV gain(ac analysis) if capacitor CE is unbypass.

EQUIPMENT LIST
1) Multisim software
2) Lab Sheet

THEORY:
Bipolar Junction Transistor
A Bipolar Junction Transistor, or BJT, is a solid-state device in which the current
flow between two terminals (the collector and the emitter) is controlled by the amount
of current that flows through a third terminal (the base).

BJTs can control the collector current via the current applied to the base. Typically,
the collector current is the base current times the DC current gain (h FE)*. It is this gain
that allows bipolar transistors to be used as amplifiers. One of the popular amplifier
is common emitter.

DC Analysis of BJT Amplifier Circuits

DC analysis of a common-emitter amplifier circuit begins with determining
the dc bias values by removing coupling and bypass capacitors, the load resistor,
and the signal source to produce a dc equivalent circuit by applying Thevenin's
theorem and Kirchoff's voltage law.

AC Analysis of BJT Amplifier Circuits

AC analysis: To start the AC analysis, all DC sources should turn to zero, combine
R1 and R2 into RB and replace the BJT with its small signal model. Analysis is
straight forward using node-voltage method.

PROCEDURES
DC ANALYSIS
 1. Figure 1 shows a voltage divider configuration. Calculate the output voltage (Vout),
base voltage (VB) and emitter voltage (VE), IC, IB and IE and record the result in table
1. Shows all the calculation clearly.

2. By using Multisim software, construct the circuit with using the correct parameter and
simulate the output at the Vout, VB, VE, IE, IC and IE.

AC ANALYSIS
1. Calculate the gain (AV) of figure 1 without capacitor C2. Record the result in Table 1.
2. Using Multisim software, determine the voltage gain (A V) for the network of Figure 1
without capacitor C2. Use oscilloscope to display the input and output waveform.
Attach the output waveform in table 1. Set frequency = 10 kHz and Vs = 1 mV.
3. Repeat procedure no 1 with calculate the gain (AV) of figure 1 with capacitor C2.
Record the result in Table 1.
4. Repeat procedure no 2 using Multisim software, determine the voltage gain (AV) for
the network of Figure 1 with capacitor C2. Use oscilloscope to display the input and
output waveform. Attach the output waveform in table 1. Set frequency = 10 kHz and
Vs = 1 mV.

V1 R1 R3
56kΩ 6.8kΩ
22V
VCC
VOUT
VB

C1 Q1 VE
2N2222
Vs 10µF R2
C2
1mVrms 8.2kΩ
20µF
60Hz
0° R4
1.5kΩ

Figure 1

RESULT:
Table 1
Parameter Calculation Measurement (Multisim)
VB R2
x VCC
R 1+ R 2

8200
x 22
56000+ 8200

= 2.81V

VE VBE – VE

VE = VB – VBE

= 2.81V – 0.7V

= 2.11V

VC = Vout VCC – IC – R3

22V – 1.41Ma – 6800

= 2.81V

IE VE
ℜ

2.11 V
1500

= 1.41mA

IB VCC−VBE
RB

22V −0.7 V
56000

= 3.803uA
IC VCC
RC

22V
6800

= 3.23mA

Voutput

Av (without
C2) −RC
ℜ

−6800
18.44

= −¿ 368.76

V/DIV = 1mV
T/DIV = 10ms
Voutput

Av (with C2)
−RC II ro
ℜ

−5.99 x 103
10.71

= −¿ 324.3

V/DIV = 1mV
T/DIV = 100us

DISCUSSION:
1. Discuss calculation and measurement result.

 The calculation of the value almost the same with the measurement.
Measurement more presice between the calculation.

2. Discuss the (AV) gain of amplifier with capacitor C2 and without capacitor C2. Is there
any different between them? If yes explain why.
 
Yes, when the current passes through a capacitor, it will slightly reduce the
current by 12% when having C2.
CONCLUSION:
After conducting the experiment, the following conclusions were gathered.

 Amplifiers are very helpful in increasing a small signal, whether its

voltage,current or power to become a larger signal.
 A small-signal amplifier only uses a small part of it load line under signal
conditions.
 The voltage gain of small-signal amplifiers is computed by getting the
quotient of the output voltage and its input voltage.
 The common-base small-signal amplifier is the best for amplifying voltage
because it has the greatest voltage gain.
 The common-emitter small-signal amplifier is the second highest voltage gain
among the three amplifiers and it shows a 180 degree phase diference between
the input and the output.

REFERENCES:
1. https://www.scribd.com/document/267084616/Conclusion
2. https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/semiconductors/chpt-4/common-emitter-
amplifier/
3. https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/amplifier/transistor-biasing.html
4. http://www.kington-order.com/500-gallon-k6h1l/lx3xi---common-emitter-amplifier-
conclusion---u2wi.html
5. http://www.bu.edu.eg/portal/uploads/Engineering,%20Shoubra/Electrical
%20Engineering/2461/crs-11966/Files/ECE312_lec03.pdf