APpLiCaTiOn

Ab agar mere paas curve hai x = f(y) to I f(y) dy ki value hoti hai
c
f(y), y-axis, y=c, y=d ke bounded region ka AREA.

OF InTeGrAlS y

¥
y=d
d
x = f(y)
A => A = ' f(y) dy
HUm aLrEaDy pAdH ChUcKe hAi kI DeFiNiTe y=c

x
c

x=a. x=b
iNtEgRaL Is aReA UnDeR ThE CuRvE.
b
Ab area humesha definite integral of f(x) from a to b nahi hota.

's
Agar mere paas curve hai y = f(x) to f(x) dx ki value hoti hai
Agar humara f(x) x - axis ko 2 se jyada baar cut kar raha hai to?
a
f(x), x-axis, x=a, x=b ke bounded region ka AREA.
JAiSe yE DeKhO :
y
Q. Find the area bounded by the curve y = f(x) = x3 - x , x = -1, x = 1

LA
b
y = f(x)
and the x - axis.
A = f(x) dx
A a
A. If we do this -
x=a. x=b
x x=1

It
Area = x3 - x dx = 0 But why???
x=-1
To agar main kehta hoon ki find the area bounded by the curve
y = x2 , x = 0 , x = 1 and the x - axis. To vo hum simply ese hi nikalenge :
Ye hume 0 answer isliye de raha hai kyunki Definite Integral
y is ALGEBRAIC SUM all the areas bounded by the x/y axis.

#
x=1 3
Lets see the graph of y = x - x
A = ' 2
x dx =>
y=
2
x
y
x=0 A
x
x=0 x=1 y = x3 - x
1

" x3 1 -1 A1
A = = x
0 A2
.

3 0 3 1
Now , total area was A 1 + A 2
If we individually calculate A1 & A 2 aReA BeTwEeN
tWo cUrVeS
x=0
0
A1 = I
x=-1
x3 - x dx =
1-x 4 - x2
4 2
-

I -1
=
1
-

x=1
1

t I
x 4 - x2 1 y
A2 = s x3 - x dx = = -

LA
- -

x=0
4 2 0 4 y = f(x) b

You can see that A1 is positive while A 2 is negetive.

A
y = g(x)
A = s f(x) - g(x) dx
a
x
But if we only consider the magnitude of both then the total x=a x=b
magnitude will be :

l A1 l + l A 2 l
Ab yaar tum yaad karo y=f(x) and x-axis ke beech ka area bhi isi
formule se aaya hai.
So the total area is
OU
1
4
+ -
1
4
= -
1
2 b

Can we generalise the formula ?? Yes. A = I f(x) - 0 dx

b a

Area = 111
f(x) dx kyunki y = 0 is the equation of x-axis
a

The thumb rule to find area of such curves is that just find Similarly..
the points where the curve cuts the x/y axis.
y y = f(y)
y = g(y)

¥1
Now lets see the method to calculate
y=d d

s f(y) - g(y) dx
A
A =
the area between two curves y=c
c
x
Ab last time ki tarah yahan bhi mod aayega kyunki ye dekho :

y b

I# :
y = f(x) A1 = f(x) - g(x) dx y y
y = g(x) y

tests
a
y = f(x)

#
A1 A2 y = f(x) x=a x=b
x
c A
A
y = g(x) y = f(x)
g(x) - f(x) dx x=a x y = f(x)
A2 = y = g(x) x=b
y = g(x) A
x=a x=b x=c
x b
x=a x=b
x
y = g(x)

We can conclude 2 things : b ,

A = f(x) - g(x) dx
c
a

:
1) A1 + A 2 = f(x) - g(x) dx
a

2) Area is always equal to :

y y = f(y) y y
y = g(y) y = f(y)

¥÷±¥
y = g(y) y = f(y)
y = g(y)
y=d y=d
y=d
A
(Upper curve - Lower curve) dx A A
y=c
y=c y=c
x x x

"

g
d

(Right curve - Left curve) dy A = f(y) - g(y) dy

c
 LETS DO SOME QUESTIONS
bounded parabolas =n2
Find by
'
&
Oy the area
of the region the 2
y y
-_ n .

Find the the region the first quadrant enclosed

area
of in by the n
-
anis ,

'
For intersection points
'
the line and the n' + y Solution :
'
circle 32
y y
= =
y=n ,
.

www
, n
y
=

O I 0 I
y n
= =
, , ,

Y
Solution : The given equations are The
points are 0,01 & ( 2,2 ) .

you . . . ① -

(l, l )

② (45212 G
'
& 'tn' 32 y in Now , required
y or area
= . . .
-
= "
"
"

,
" "
per curve .
lower curve ] dn ×
o
Now ① ② for point
§
solving a the intersection . .

t
"'
Iz
'
rn du
A
Zn
=
-
n = -

n' tn = 32 222=32 n' = 16 O

Pants
y=t4 ( 4,4 ) and -4 , 4)
Zz I kg
n =±4 . are -
=

-
=

Now lets draw the curves .

* Ab detente hai ki Ris his

type ke questions race sakte had .
.

y=n
B

1) One curve is
given land n
goes from a to b ]
2) Two curves are given ( firstly find the Intersection points & then

Ju ]
• ⑥

area is e e. c
O M A 1452,0 )
-
-

keep in mind that

sketching is
very essential .
In some questions it is even

the
mentioned that sketch and find area .

Required area =
ar ( OA BA ) =
ar ( OM BO ) + art AMBA ) 3) Triangle ke area be question Abi ace jaate hai .

9.sure ya to
teeno
equations rakhi hogi built
{
→ de sides ki teen o

!
ya

!
.
,

art OMBO) =
ydn = ndn =

NI = 8 . . .
③ •
Agar sides ki equations de rakhi ho to intersection se
points nikalo .

Agar points de rakhe hair to curse eqh of all 3 lines ( sides nikalo .

rz
yrs

Now
,
art AMBA ) =
fydn =
/ 32 si du -

u
y
4k
in
In
sin
-

32 m2
322
= -
-
+

452
y

( I. 452 4%-2 ) ( 12.32-16 -132g sin ft)

" "
O sin
32g
= - + -

= 81T -

(8 -141T ) =
41T - 8 . . . ④

Now
adding ③ & ⑨ , we
get .

Arlo ABA) =
41T