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Exp 7 Operating System

An operating system is software that acts as an interface between users and computer hardware. It allows users to run applications and manage resources like memory, files, and input/output functions. Common operating system features include multitasking, networking, security, and memory management. There are different types of operating systems including batch, time-sharing, real-time, distributed, mobile, and network operating systems designed for specific uses. Operating systems provide advantages like abstraction of hardware and easy application use through graphical interfaces but also have disadvantages like potential loss of data if the OS fails and high costs.

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Syeda Fatima Ahsan
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70 views

Exp 7 Operating System

An operating system is software that acts as an interface between users and computer hardware. It allows users to run applications and manage resources like memory, files, and input/output functions. Common operating system features include multitasking, networking, security, and memory management. There are different types of operating systems including batch, time-sharing, real-time, distributed, mobile, and network operating systems designed for specific uses. Operating systems provide advantages like abstraction of hardware and easy application use through graphical interfaces but also have disadvantages like potential loss of data if the OS fails and high costs.

Uploaded by

Syeda Fatima Ahsan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT #06

OPERATING SYSTEM
An Operating system (OS) is a software which acts as an interface between the end
user and computer hardware. Every computer must have at least one OS to run other
programs. An application like Chrome, MS Word, Games, etc needs some
environment in which it will run and perform its task. The OS helps you to
communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the computer's
language. It is not possible for the user to use any computer or mobile device without
having an operating system.

Features of Operating System


Here is a list commonly found important features of an Operating System:

 Protected and supervisor mode


 Allows disk access and file systems Device drivers Networking Security
 Program Execution
 Memory management Virtual Memory Multitasking
 Handling I/O operations
 Manipulation of the file system
 Error Detection and handling
 Resource allocation
 Information and Resource Protection
Types of Operating system
 Batch Operating System
 Multitasking/Time Sharing OS
 Multiprocessing OS
 Real Time OS
 Distributed OS
 Network OS
 Mobile OS

Batch Operating System


Some computer processes are very lengthy and time-consuming. To speed the same
process, a job with a similar type of needs are batched together and run as a group.

The user of a batch operating system never directly interacts with the computer. In
this type of OS, every user prepares his or her job on an offline device like a punch
card and submit it to the computer operator.
Multi-Tasking/Time-sharing Operating systems
Time-sharing operating system enables people located at a different terminal(shell) to
use a single computer system at the same time. The processor time (CPU) which is
shared among multiple users is termed as time sharing.

Real time OS
A real time operating system time interval to process and respond to inputs is very
small. Examples: Military Software Systems, Space Software Systems.

Distributed Operating System


Distributed systems use many processors located in different machines to provide
very fast computation to its users.

Network Operating System


Network Operating System runs on a server. It provides the capability to serve to
manage data, user, groups, security, application, and other networking functions.

Mobile OS
Mobile operating systems are those OS which is especially that are designed to power
smartphones, tablets, and wearables devices.

Some most famous mobile operating systems are Android and iOS, but others include
BlackBerry, Web, and watchOS.

The advantage of using Operating System


 Allows you to hide details of hardware by creating an abstraction
 Easy to use with a GUI
 Offers an environment in which a user may execute programs/applications
 The operating system must make sure that the computer system convenient to
use
 Operating System acts as an intermediary among applications and the hardware
components
 It provides the computer system resources with easy to use format
 Acts as an intermediator between all hardware's and software's of the system
Disadvantages of using Operating System
 If any issue occurs in OS, you may lose all the contents which have been stored
in your system
 Operating system's software is quite expensive for small size organization
which adds burden on them. Example Windows
 It is never entirely secure as a threat can occur at any time

Summary
 An operating system is a software which acts as an interface between the end
user and computer hardware
 Operating systems were first developed in the late 1950s to manage tape
storage
 The kernel is the central component of a computer operating systems. The only
job performed by the kernel is to the manage the communication between the
software and the hardware
 Two most popular kernels are Monolithic and MicroKernels
 Process, Device, File, I/O, Secondary-Storage, Memory management are
various functions of an Operating System
 Batch, Multitasking/Time Sharing, Multiprocessing, Real Time, Distributed,
Network, Mobile are various types of Operating Systems

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