ICC-ES Legacy Report ER-3056

Reissued January 2006

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www.icc-es.org | (800) 423-6587 | (562) 699-0543 A Subsidiary of the International Code Council ®

Legacy report on the 1997 Uniform Building Code™

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DIVISION: 05—METALS 2.2 Concrete Diaphragms with Steel Decks:
Section: 05090—Metal Fastenings
Concrete fill over steel decks may be used as diaphragms.
® Steel decks are 11/2-inch, 2-inch, or 3-inch deep with cross
STEEL DECK DIAPHRAGMS ATTACHED WITH TEKS

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® sections (deck types) as shown in Figures Nos. 4 through
AND I.C.H. TRAXX SCREWS
7. The steel is ASTM A 446-76 (81), Grade A or ASTM A
525 with G60 coating. Painted or phosphatized coating
ITW BUILDEX
systems may also be used. Steel deck thickness ranges
1349 WEST BRYN MAWR AVENUE
from No. 16 to No. 22 gage.
ITASCA, ILLINOIS 60143

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Steel deck panels are fastened to structural steel
1.0 SUBJECT members with TEKS and I.C.H. TRAXX screws. The
minimum structural steel supports are between 3/16 and

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Steel Deck Diaphragms Attached with TEKS® and I.C.H. 1
TRAXX® Screws. /4 inch thick. Fasteners are installed through the steel
deck into the supporting structural steel members with

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2.0 DESCRIPTION tools recommended by Buildex.
2.1 General: The TEKS and I.C.H. TRAXX fasteners are

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Roof deck diaphragms composed of single sheet steel manufactured from steel conforming to AISI 1022 with a

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panels having a depth of 1 /2 inches, flute spacing of minimum tensile strength of 138,000 psi case hardened to
6 inches and nestable-type sidelaps, may be fastened to a minimum core hardness of 30 Rockwell C. Each fastener
supporting steel elements and stitched to each other with has an allowable uplift of 500 pounds in resisting wind
TEKS and I.C.H. TRAXX self-drilling, self-tapping metal uplift forces with no increase permitted.
screws. See Figure 1. The steel decking panels must be The deck may be fastened to supports and members
not less than 24 inches in width and conform to ASTM A parallel to flutes using approved steel shear studs as
446-76 (81), Grade A or ASTM A 611-82 Grade C steel, indicated in Figure 6. Studs may replace the required
with a minimum yield strength of 33,000 pounds per

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TEKS and I.C.H. TRAXX screws.
square inch. The panels are No. 16, 18, 20 or 22 gage
sheet steel having a standard, narrow intermediate or wide Concrete fill must have a minimum strength of f́c =3,000
rib configuration. The decking must be designed to support psi with either normal-weight aggregate conforming to
all superimposed loads. ASTM C 33-86 or lightweight coarse aggregate conforming
to ASTM C 330-85. Allowable diaphragm shears are
Screws connecting individual panels to the diaphragm shown in Table 4.
perimeter framing and to each interior bearing support are
No. 12 24-by-11/4-inch-long TEKS 5 and I.C.H. TRAXX 5 Unless noted otherwise, a minimum of 6-inch by 6-inch—
7 W1.4 X W1.4 welded-wire fabric is placed 1 inch from the
hexhead washer or No. 12-24-by- /8-inch-long TEKS 4 and
I.C.H. TRAXX 4 hexhead washer. TEKS and I.C.H. TRAXX top of the concrete. If diaphragm concrete thickness is
4 and 5 screws, when applied through minimum No. 22 greater than shown in Table 4, the minimum wire fabric
gage decking into structural steel supports have an uplift must have an area in square inches per foot in each
resistance of 500 pounds. TEKS 4 or I.C.H. TRAXX 4 is direction of 0.010 times the thickness of fill in inches.
used where structural steel supports are between 3/16 and 2.3 Diaphragm Design Considerations:
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/4 inch thick; TEKS 5 and I.C.H. TRAXX 5 are used where
structural steel supports are between 1/4 and 1/2 inch thick. The diaphragm design must take into account the following
Screws connecting individual panels along longitudinal considerations:
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seams are 10-16 by /4 TEKS 1; 12-14 by /4 TEKS 1;
a. Diaphragm classification (flexible or rigid) must comply
12-14 by 7/8 I.C.H. TRAXX 1; and 10-14 by 7/8 I.C.H.
with Section 1630.6 of the 1997 Uniform Building
TRAXX 1. The number and required spacing of screws for
Code™ (UBC); the diaphragm deflection (∆) must be
various decking spans together with the allowable
calculated using the equations noted in Table 3.
diaphragm shears per lineal foot of panel are shown in
Tables 1 and 2. Diaphragm flexibility limitations for use b. Diaphragm flexibility limitations shall comply with
with the F factors in Tables 1 and 2 are shown in Table 3. Table 3.

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to any finding or other matter in this report, or as to any product covered by the report.
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c. Diaphragm deflection limits shall comply with Section 4.0 FINDINGS

1633.2.9 of the UBC.
That steel deck diaphragms attached with TEKS and
d. Horizontal shears must be distributed in accordance I.C.H. TRAXX screws comply with the 1997 Uniform
with Sections 1630.6 and 1630.7 of the UBC. Building Code™, subject to the following conditions:
2.4 Special Inspection: Concrete: 4.1 Diaphragm construction complies with this report.
Continuous special inspection for concrete and concrete 4.2 Shear loads on diaphragms do not exceed
reinforcement complies with Sections 1701.1 and 1701.5 allowable values in Tables 1 and 2.

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of the code. Inspector responsibilities include sampling
4.3 No increase in allowable shear values is permitted
and testing, verification of concrete mixes, verification of
for wind and seismic loading.
reinforcement and placement, and concrete placement.
4.4 Allowable deck spans for vertical loading are
2.5 Identification:
limited by sectional properties and allowable

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TEKS screws are identified by a BX or BX marking. I.C.H. stresses of specific panels.
TRAXX screws are identified by a cone indentation on the
4.5 Special inspection for concrete is provided
screwhead. Screws are packed in containers with labels
according to Section 2.3.
noting the screw type and the ITW Buildex name and
address. This report is subject to re-examination in two years.

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3.0 EVIDENCE SUBMITTED
Full-scale diaphragm load tests, small-scale fastener shear
and tension tests, descriptive details and structural
calculations, and a quality control manual.

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1,2,3,4
TABLE 4—ALLOWABLE DIAPHRAGM SHEARS (IN POUNDS PER FOOT)

CONCRETE CONCRETE SPACING OF 1/2-INCH-DIAMETER STUDS (IN INCHES) (Ǵ)7

TYPE5 THICKNESS6 16 18 24 32
(in inches)
NW 2 3,780 3,780 3,400 2,550 2,500
LW 2 3,540 3,540 2,900 2,175 1,786
NW 21 / 2 4,730 4,530 3,400 2,550 3,125
LW 21 / 2 4,350 3,860 2,900 2,180 2,222
LW 31 / 4 4,350 3,860 2,900 2,180 2.941
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The values given in the table are for slabs reinforced with wire mesh having an area of at least 0.0025 times the gross area of concrete. This
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requirement is satisfied by welded-wire fabric, 6 x 6—W4 x W4 for 2 inch and 2 /2-inch-thick slabs. For 3 /4-inch-thick slabs, the requirement is
satisfied by welded-wire fabric 4 x 4—W4 x W4.
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Deck-types A, B, C and D shall use /2-inch-diameter studs. Deck-types F and G shall use /8-inch-diameter studs. Deck-type E shall use /4-
inch-diameter studs and the tabular shears shall be reduced by a factor of 0.74.
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See Figures 4 through 7 for qualifying deck types.
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For local shear transfer within the field of the diaphragm, /2-inch-diameter studs having shear values of 6.8K per stud for normal-weight
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concrete fills and 5.8K per stud for lightweight concrete, except as noted hereafter, shall be used. For deck-types F and G, /8-inch-diameter
studs with values of 8.6K and 7.4K, respectively shall be used. For deck-type A, values of 5.7K and 4.9K, respectively, shall be used. For
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deck-type E, /4-inch-diameter studs with values of 3.5K and 3.0K, respectively, shall be used.
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NW = Normal weight (145 pcf).
LW = Lightweight (115± pcf).
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Concrete is measured from top flute of metal deck.
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Ǵ = Diaphragm shear stiffness (kips/inch)
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FIGURE 1
P FIGURE 2

FIGURE 3
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FIGURE 4

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td STUD LENGTH lS
1
1 /2" 3"
1
2" 3 /2"
1
3" 4 /2"

TYPICAL EXTERIOR OR INTERIOR SHEAR TRANSFER STUDS

FIGURE 6