Power BI

Table of Content
• Introduction to Power BI
• Managing structured data with Power BI
• Managing unstructured data with Power BI
• Data transformation
• Data Visualisation
What is Power BI?
• a collection of software services, apps, and connectors that work
together to turn your unrelated sources of data into coherent, visually
immersive, and interactive insights
• lets you easily connect to your data sources, visualize and discover
what's important, and share that with anyone or everyone you want
Parts of Power BI
• Desktop
• Service
• Mobile apps
Power BI Main Interfaces
• There are two main windows in Power BI Desktop :
• Power BI Desktop
• Use mainly to input formulas/ calculations, manage relationships between tables
and create visuals / charts/ dashboards
• Power Query Editor
• Use mainly for data import, cleaning, transformation, preparing data for further
analysis

• Both interfaces serve different purpose in data analytics process and complement each
other
Power BI Desktop
What is Power BI Desktop?
• a free application you install on your local computer that lets you
connect to, transform, and visualize your data
• you can connect to multiple different sources of data, and combine
them (often called modeling) into a data model
Most common uses for Power BI Desktop
• Connect to data
• Transform and clean that data, to create a data model
• Create visuals, such as charts or graphs, that provide visual
representations of the data
• Create reports that are collections of visuals, on one or more report
pages
• Share reports with others by using the Power BI service
How Power BI Desktop works?
• Connect to data, including data sources
• Shape the data with queries that build insightful, compelling data
models
• Use the data models to create visualizations and reports
• Share your report files for others to leverage, build upon, and share
Being Familiar With Power BI
Desktop
Click the
icon to close
the welcome
page
 This is the
default page of
Power BI
Desktop
This is the icon
for report page
(default). You
can create
reports/visuals/
dashboard
here.
 Report page –> Home tab

By clicking the
“Get data”
icon, you can
choose which
data sources
that you
wanted to use
in this app
- Import data from a Microsoft Excel Workbook

- Create a live connection to datasets in the Power BI service

- Import data from a SQL Server database

- Create a new table by typing or pasting in new content

- Manage and connect to recent sources

- Use the Power Query Editor to connect, prepare and transform data

- Add a visual to your report

- Add a text box to your report

- Add Power BI visuals from AppSource or from your files

 Visualizations:
You can choose
the type of visual
that you want

Filters: You can

collapse or
expand the
filter pane
while editing. Fields:
This also Display the
determines fields that
how report are in a data
readers see it
 Report page –> Insert tab

- Add a page to your report either a blank page or duplicate page

- Add a key influencers visual to your report

- Add a decomposition tree to your report

- Embed a Power Apps app in your report. Both the app and the report will update
in real-time as changes (like cross-highlighting, selectors or data entry) are made
- Add a button to your report

- Add a shape to your report

- Add an image to your report

 Report page –> Modelling tab

- Write a DAX expression to create a new table

- What-if parameters let you see how your data behaves under different
conditions. Add to reports as slicers or reference them in other DAX
expressions

- Change the language used to ask questions in Q&A

- Import or export a file containing important information Q&A uses to

understand your dataset and the custom terms you’ve taught Q&A to
understand
 Report page –> View tab

You can select different You can

You can design
themes for your report choose a page
your report for
view whether
mobile devices
it is “fit to
page”, “fit to
width”, or
“actual size”
Gridlines: Show gridlines
to help you manually
align objects in your
report

Snap to grid:
Automatically align - Add a bookmark to save the filters, cross-highlighting
objects in your report and drilling you’ve applied

Lock objects: Lock all - Manage the visibility and layering order of objects in
objects in place so they your report
stay put while you’re
giving a presentation or
interacting with report - Assess your report’s performance and identify areas for
elements improvement

- Synchronize slicers and control their visibility across

pages in your report
Report page –> Help tab
 Data page –> Home tab

This is the icon

for data page.
You can view
tables,
transform data
for reports
here.
Data page –> Help tab
 Model page –> Home tab

This is the icon

for model
page. You can
manage
relationships
among tables
in data model
here.
Model page –> Help tab
Connecting data in Power BI
Desktop (Excel)
Source: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/power-bi/connect-
data/desktop-quickstart-connect-to-data
Prerequisites
• Power BI Desktop
• Sample Excel Workbook:https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/power-
bi/connect-data/desktop-quickstart-connect-to-data
Open the Report page to start
Click “Get data” to get data
from Excel format source
 Find the location of your Excel
file to connect Power BI
Desktop with the data

Click “Open” once you have

found your Excel file
The navigator window popped
up. In that window, you can
choose which data you would
like to load into Power BI
Desktop. Select the tables by
marking the checkboxes
beside each table you want to
import. Import both available
tables. Then, click “Load” to
import
Connecting data in Power BI
Desktop (Web)
Prerequisites
• Power BI Desktop
• URL: https://www.bankrate.com/retirement/best-and-worst-states-
for-retirement/
Open the Report page to start
You have to change the
options and settings before
typing in the URL to connect
the data
Click the Options button and
the Options window will
popped out
Go to Preview features and
untick the box New web table
inference. Then, click OK.
Click “Get data” to get data
from the web
Put the copied URL in the box
and click OK
Click Connect to use
anonymous access web
content
You can click either Load to
load the data or Transform
Data to make changes in the
table before loading it
Starting Power Query Editor
If you decide to click on Load,
it will redirect you back to the
default view and you can see
that the fields pane is filled
You can also transform data
from here as well by clicking
the transform data icon
By clicking the Transform data
icon, the Power Query Editor
window popped up
Power Query Editor
Overview
 Home tab

- Create queries by importing data from a new source

- Manage and connect to recent sources

- Create a new table by typing or pasting in new content

- Manage settings for your data sources

 Home tab

- View and modify the parameters in this file

- Refresh previews

- Modify the name and description of this query

- Open the advanced query editing dialog to

view/modify the entire text for this query

- Manage queries (delete, duplicate, reference)

 Home tab

- Separate elements of a column into multiple columns

- Group rows in this table based on the values in the

currently selected columns

- Change the data type for selected column

- Promote the first row of this table into column headers

- Replace existing values in the currently selected columns

with the specified new value

- Combine queries
 Transform tab

- Rows as columns and columns as rows

- Invert this table’s rows such that the last rows are displayed first

- Return the number of rows in this table

- Automatically detect the data type of the currently selected columns

- Change the name of the currently selected column

-Extract characters from text values

- Extract rows and columns from XML or JSON formatted text

 Add Column tab

- Use examples to create a new column in this table

- Create a new column in this table, based on custom formula

- Invoke a custom function defined in this file for each row of this table

- Create a new column that conditionally adds values in the currently selected column

- Create a new column with an index starting at 0

- Create a new column that duplicates the values in the currently selected column
 View tab

- Display the query settings pane

- Select the column that you would like to go to in the Query Editor preview

- Open the advanced query editing dialog to view or modify the entire text for this query

- View a dependency tree of all queries

 Tools tab

- Evaluate and diagnose the selected query step

- Start recording traces for query diagnostics

- Manage options for query diagnostics

Displays the Data from the Steps associated
number of active selected query is with a query are
queries displayed displayed
Shape Data
 To shape data, we
are going to add a
column

Go to Add Column
tab and select
Custom Column
 When you click
Custom Column, a
window will
popped up. You
can put a new
column name,
custom column
formula.

Make sure there

are no syntax
errors before
clicking OK
New column is
created. Plus, you
could see on the
applied steps a
statement of
Added Custom
 Because the data
is not consistent,
the new column
values will be
transformed into a
Whole Number.

By right-click, this
will appear and
you can go to
Change Type ->
Whole Number
Another
alternative is go to
the Transform tab
and click on the
Data Type: Any.
Change it into
Whole Number
After changing it,
the column would
look like this
Combine Data
 Home tab

Adding a New
Source from a
Web
Type in the URL
and click OK
Let it become as
anonymous access
and click Connect
The Navigator
window popped
up. Tick as shown
and click OK
After clicking OK,
it will appear like
this
There are irrelevant top
rows, so we are going to
remove it by Reduce
Rows -> Remove Rows ->
Remove Top Rows
Since there are 3
irrelevant top rows, so we
are going to put it as 3.
Then, click OK
As we are targeting on
only 50 states, we are
going to remove bottom
rows as well. Reduce
Rows -> Remove Rows ->
Remove Bottom Rows
Specify rows to be
removed as 26. Then,
click OK
We don’t need Federal
district states so we are
going to filter it by
clicking the drop down
menu and untick the
Federal district box. Then,
click OK
Now, we are going to remove
columns. Remove all columns
except for column2 and
column5. Go to Manage
Columns -> Remove Columns
This is the result
Now, we are going to put
United States of America and
US as a replacement for the
headers. Click Use First Row as
Headers
This is the result
Renaming the column is simple.
Click on the column that you
want to rename its name. Go to
the Transform tab and rename
it. Put it as State Name and
State Code
For renaming the table, right
click on the name of the table
and rename it as StateCodes
This is the result
Combine Queries
 Home tab

For combining
queries, click on
We are going to Combine ->
combine the Merge Queries
Ranking of best
and worst states
for retirement to
the StateCodes
Merge window
popped up.
We are going to
merge the State
from Ranking of
best and worst
states for
retirement table
and State Name
from StateCodes
table together
If this popped up,
tick ignore and just
Save
After merging, it
shows like this
To fix it, click the
Expandable icon
and untick the State
Name. Then, click
OK
You can now Close
& Apply

This is the result

Build A Report
To create a simple
visualization, just
drag a field on the
Fields list onto the
canvas. For this, try
dragging the State
field
We want a map that shows only
10 weather states. For this, we
need to go to Filters pane
And there you have it
Now, we are going to change the title In order to change the title, you need to
click on the Format icon
 You can
change the
Text size if
you like

Change the title to Top 10 Weather States

To add a
page, just
click on the
Plus button
Now, we are going to add
another visualization in which
we are going to use the
Stacked column chart
Then, tick the State and
Weather in the Fields
pane
This is the result
 Now, it is in the
descending order

To switch the order, click

on More Options icon
and choose on Sort
ascending
This is the result
Do the same thing as the
map applied to the chart
This is the result
after filtering it
for only 10 states
Do the same thing as the
map applied to the chart
You can rename your
page by right-click on
the page tab
Rename it as Map and Graph
To save, just click on the
Save icon
Save as Top 10 Weather
States and you’re done!