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Cantilever Beam Force Sensor

This document describes designing a cantilever beam force sensor using Taguchi analysis. The sensor accuracy depends on the beam's stiffness, which is affected by manufacturing tolerances. The goal is to minimize stiffness variation while achieving a target stiffness of 1.00 g/mm. An initial aluminum design is given. Using Taguchi's methodology, factors like beam width, thickness, length, and modulus are assigned levels in an experiment. Stiffness is calculated using beam theory. The experiment evaluates sensitivity to tolerance ranges. The best design within constraints will minimize stiffness variability.

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Ryandi Wijaya
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57 views2 pages

Cantilever Beam Force Sensor

This document describes designing a cantilever beam force sensor using Taguchi analysis. The sensor accuracy depends on the beam's stiffness, which is affected by manufacturing tolerances. The goal is to minimize stiffness variation while achieving a target stiffness of 1.00 g/mm. An initial aluminum design is given. Using Taguchi's methodology, factors like beam width, thickness, length, and modulus are assigned levels in an experiment. Stiffness is calculated using beam theory. The experiment evaluates sensitivity to tolerance ranges. The best design within constraints will minimize stiffness variability.

Uploaded by

Ryandi Wijaya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cantilever Beam Force Sensor

Gambar 1. Design of cantilever beam force sensor

You are charged to design a force sensor comprising a cantilever spring and a strain gauge as
shown in Figure 1. The accuracy of the sensor will be controlled by the stiffness of the cantilever
spring. In order to get an accurate readout, we wish to minimize the sensitivity of the stiffness of
the spring (an observable quantity that determines the quality of the spring) to uncontrollable
processing variations that limit the achievable tolerances on the spring stock.
Now the target here is to achieve K = 1.00 g/mm with minimum effect of tolerance. As you will
recall from beam theory, the stiffness of the beam is given by:

K = Ebh3 / 4L3 (1)

Employ a Taguchi type analysis in a mathematical simulation study of the cantilever beam force
sensor problem. Use the beam stiffness equation as a means for generating the requisite data
(pretend that, in reality, we have to do experiments to ascertain the stiffness). Study each design
factor at three possible levels and evaluate sensitivity to the indicated tolerance range. The initial
design made from Aluminum stock is:
Modulus E0 = 7×106 g/mm2.
b0 = 5.30 mm
h0 = 0.200 mm
L0 = 42.00 mm
We wish to see if the variability in K can be reduced by an alternative design which satisfies the
target stiffness K=1.00 (g/mm) with different dimensions. Specifically, we decide to employ
Taguchi’s methodology of parameter design, and assign the factor levels as Table 1. In addition,
L cannot exceed 54 (mm) due to space constraint.

Table 1. Factor levels for Taguchi experiment


Control Factors Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
b 4 5.3 6.6
h 0.17 0.2 0.23
L 30 42 54
E 7x106 10x106 12x106

Typical tolerances for the dimensions of stock material are:


Thickness h : ± 0.003 mm
Width b : ± 0.03 mm
Length L : ± 0.12 mm
Young's Modulus E: ± 5%
Use 2-level factorial for the noise factors.
Select appropriate inner and outer OA’s to deploy the experimental design for this case. A
smaller number of experiments is preferred.
Employ the following suggested procedure to determine the best design solution within the range
of values specified for this problem.
a) Use the above experimental design and employ the stiffness equation (1) as a data
generator to evaluate the response K. Compute the mean, variance and S/N (use of a MS-
Excel program is recommended).
b) Compose the response table, and evaluate the mean and the main effects.
c) Compose the Effect Plot of the S/N values for b, h, L, and E
d) Classify the control factors according to their effects on mean and S/N.
e) Select a scaling factor and set the rest of them at levels corresponding to their maximum
S/N output.
f) Adjust the scaling factor to move the mean stiffness to target.
g) Compare the S/N for the initial and optimum designs using outer OA
h) Establish the additive model, and estimate the main effects.
i) Complete the verification experiments and additive estimation table to compare gains.

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