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Service Life Design by Fib 34 Model Code For Deterioration Caused by Sulfate Attack

The document discusses service life design using the Fib 34 model code for concrete deterioration caused by sulfate attack. It outlines 4 steps: 1) quantifying deterioration with a realistic model, 2) defining limit states, 3) calculating probability of limit states, and 4) defining limit state types. It also discusses defining the problem, including considering existing models and factors like saturation level, ionic species, external loads, and damage models. A plan of action is proposed to approve a model, verify it with lab tests, and determine the appropriate limit state.

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Forood Torabian
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249 views

Service Life Design by Fib 34 Model Code For Deterioration Caused by Sulfate Attack

The document discusses service life design using the Fib 34 model code for concrete deterioration caused by sulfate attack. It outlines 4 steps: 1) quantifying deterioration with a realistic model, 2) defining limit states, 3) calculating probability of limit states, and 4) defining limit state types. It also discusses defining the problem, including considering existing models and factors like saturation level, ionic species, external loads, and damage models. A plan of action is proposed to approve a model, verify it with lab tests, and determine the appropriate limit state.

Uploaded by

Forood Torabian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as ODP, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Service life design by Fib 34 model code for

deterioration caused by sulfate attack

• Step 1:
1 Quantifying the deterioration with realistic model.
(there does not exist a broad accepted model for the
sulfate attack). That is why Fib model does not include
sulfate attack model.
• Step 2:
2 Defining limit states against the concrete
structure.
• Step 3:
3 Calculating the probability of occurrence of the
limit states.
• Step 4:
4 Defining the type of the limit states SLS
(serviceability limit state ) or ULS (Ultimate limit state).
Defining the problem

• Step 1:
1 there is a generic model.
• Step 2:
2 needs to be defined. (our main attention should
be focused on this item).
• Step 3:
3 needs to be selected among full probabilistic or
Partial factor design. (as defined by employer: full
probabilistic).
• Step 4:
4 to be selected among SLS or ULS (probably SLS).
Defining the problem
• Step 1:
1 there is a generic model. Proposed framework of
the model for ion diffusion from the external solution:

Components of Tixier’s and Krajcinovic-Basista’s models


Defining the problem
• Items that need to be considered:
• Saturation level: Concrete is
saturated or partially
saturated, dry-wet
condition or immersed.
• Ionic species: Sulfate ion is the
only ion which is diffused?
Calcium leaching affects
the diffusion.
•
•

• External load exist?


• Damage model: volume increase or crystal
pressure
•
Components of Tixier’s and Krajcinovic-Basista’s models •
Example of sulfate attack modeling
with damage parameter
Damage front through the time

• Draw back: Not Full-Probabilistic


•
Selected articles for the model
• S. Sarkar , S. Mahadevan , J.C.L. Meeussen , H. van der Sloot , D.S. Kosson
“Numerical simulation of cementitious materials degradation under
external sulfate attack”, Cement & Concrete Composites 32 (2010) 241–
252.
• Shanshan Qin, Dujian Zou, Tiejun Liu, Andrey Jivkov “A chemo-transport-
damage model for concrete under external sulfate attack”, Cement and
Concrete Research 132 (2020) 106048.
•
ü The clause: “External sulfate attack uses the same
principles as chloride ingress in cement composites
materials” is scientifically inaccurate. (maybe that is
why to my best of knowledge, no studies, so far,
move toward full probabilistic method for the sulfate
attack)
Considerations
• Ion transport equations in chloride ingress deterioration are not exactly
the same as those of external sulfate attack. (the reason why a
complete full-probabilistic method could not be applied for sulfate
deterioration)
• Calcium leaching happens simultaneously with sulfate ion transport,
which affects sulfate ion diffusion inside the pore of the concrete.
• Chemical reaction will take place, which varies the concentration if sulfate
ions inside the pores of concrete. (sulfate ion concentration is not
dependent only on diffusion Fick’s second law)
• The deterioration of concrete relates to the mechanical expansion, which
implies damage quantification must be implemented through
mechanical principles.
• Eventually, ion diffusion equations are coupled with chemical reaction
equations and with continuum mechanics equations (micro-cracks).
•q That is why according to Fib-34, partial factor method could be suggested to
become as close as possible to full probabilistic method.
q Partial factor method moves on the safe margin with respect to full probabilistic
method, causing higher consumption of the sources and materials, though.
Plan of action
• Approving the model to be used
• After implementing the model, a series of lab
tests should be designed and accomplished
to verify the model
• Determining the limit state: swelling, spalling,
scaling, formation of micro cracks, etc.
•

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