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Lte NR (5g) O-Ran Protocol Testing

The document discusses tools and methods used to test LTE and 5G protocols. It describes 1) tools for testing protocol stacks in real-time using live code, 2) using real UE and eNodeB hardware in the lab, 3) using Wireshark and other tools to analyze logs and traffic, 4) simulating UEs using Aeroflex, 5) capturing UE logs using QXDM and analyzing them with QCAT, 6) setting up test networks of UE, eNodeB and EPC, 7) dumping code binaries onto chipsets and testing across layers. It then discusses executing over 100 test scenarios covering various layers and aspects of testing like test procedures, parameters, documentation, and troubleshooting issues.

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Abhishek kumar Pankaj
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942 views

Lte NR (5g) O-Ran Protocol Testing

The document discusses tools and methods used to test LTE and 5G protocols. It describes 1) tools for testing protocol stacks in real-time using live code, 2) using real UE and eNodeB hardware in the lab, 3) using Wireshark and other tools to analyze logs and traffic, 4) simulating UEs using Aeroflex, 5) capturing UE logs using QXDM and analyzing them with QCAT, 6) setting up test networks of UE, eNodeB and EPC, 7) dumping code binaries onto chipsets and testing across layers. It then discusses executing over 100 test scenarios covering various layers and aspects of testing like test procedures, parameters, documentation, and troubleshooting issues.

Uploaded by

Abhishek kumar Pankaj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LTE/NR(5G) PROTOCOL TESTING

TOOLS USED IN TESTING THE PROTOCOLS:


1. Real time training on live protocol stack (Real time code) of eNode-B, UE (L1, L2,
L3) (Phy, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, RRM, SON, OAM)

2. Real UE and ENODE-B/gNode-B for LTE/NR can be tested with the code and binaries in the
LAB.
3. Wireshark LTE/NR dissectors and log Analysis of pcap files at eNode-B, FAPI, EPC.

4. Aeroflex basics and how to use for simulation of UE.

5. QXDM (QUALCOMM proprietary tool) for capturing the UE side logs.

6. QCAT (QUALCOMM proprietary tool) for .isf files analysis of UE side logs.

7. Setup the network of UE, enode-B, EPC.

8. Dumping the binaries into chipset and testing the code of different layers using
different type of test scenarios.
9. Writing the test cases for different scenarios.
10.Guest Lecture from different Industry Expert.
11. Highlights of O-RAN,C-RAN,VIRTUALIZATION, Network Slicing

PROJECT DETAILS:
1. Execution of more than 100 test scenarios on different layers (PHY, MAC, RLC,
PDCP, RRC, SON, OAM).

2. Covers writing test procedures, executing test scenarios, modification of parameters


in cfg file.

3. Test verdict, Documentation, Communication with customers.

4. Test bed setup for multiple scenarios and using basic attenuators and splitters and
bring up the chipset & enode-B or UE.

5. Executing different types of testing procedure for SIT (system Integration Testing),
PCT (Protocol conformance testing).
6. Unit testing, Regression testing, Load testing, functional testing, field testing.

7. De bugging the issues related to setup of eNode-B, UE.


8. Log Analysis of FAPI, OAM, SON, RRM, RRC, PDCP, RLC, MAC, PHY and find the bugs and
reporting.

LTE (LONG TERM EVOLUTION):

1. Architecture of LTE with different Nodes UE, eNode-B, MME, HSS, SGW, PGW,
PCRF, PDN, IMS
2. Different interfaces with LTE-UU, S1-MME, X2AP,S1-U, S11,S6a,S10,S5/S8,Gx/S7,
Rx, SGi.
3. Protocol stack overview between different Nodes LTE-UU (Phy, MAC,PDCP, RLC,
RRC, NAS, RRM, SON, OAM).
4. protocol stack over view X2-ap(X2AP,SCTP,IP,L1/L2),S1-MME(L1/L2,IP,SCTP,S1-
AP), S1-U (L1/L2, IP, UDP, GTP-U, UserPDU).
5. Protocol stack Overview S-10(L1/L2, IP, UDP, GTP-C), S6a
(L1/L2, IP, SCTP, DIAMETER, S6aApp),S11(L1/L2,IP,UDP,GTP-C).
6. Protocol Overview S5/S8 (L1/L2, IP,UDP,GTP-c, GTP-U, User-PDU),
Gx(L1/L2,IP,SCTP,DIAMETER,GxApp),Rx/SGi(L1/L2, IP, SCTP, DIAMETER, RxApp).
7. Radio Interface Basics (FDD, TDD, ULEARFCN, DLEARFCN).
8. Channels (Logical, Transport, Physical).

LTE/NR(5G)-HARDWARE DESIGN ARCHITECTURE OF ENODE-B, UE:


1. Enode-B/gNode-B, UE Hardware Overview.
2. Enode-B/gNode-B, UE Schematic Diagram, Exterior Design.
3. Enode-B/gNode-B, UE High Level Design.
4. Enode-B/gNode-B, UE Interfaces.

LTE/NR(5G)- SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE:

PHYSICAL-LAYER –L1 STACK


1. Frequency Bands in FDD and TDD, OFDM, SCFDMA, UE-Bandwidths,
1. QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, MIMO.
2. Frame Structure, Resource Block(RB), RBG, RE, REG,CCE, Aggregation Level.
3. Resources allocated for different Physical channels in FDD frame.
4. Resources allocated for different physical channels in TDD and TDD frame Type 0 to3
5. Mobility Area (PCI, TAC, PLMN), UE- Identities (IMSI, C-RNTI, GUTI, S1AP-UEid).
6. EPS Mobility and Connection states (MM, CC, Registered and De-Registered).
7. Synchronization procedure, Power Control Mechanism , Random Access
8. DCI( PDCCH), UCI(PUCCH) Mechanism, Reference Signal, PUSCH hopping

LTE-L2-STACK REAL MAC STACK (SOFTWARE)

1. Internal Architectural design of MAC.


2. Transport Blocks, Transport Block Set, TTI, RACH , RAR Mechanism.
3. MAC Scheduler working process with Round-Robin Algorithm.
4. L1-L2 FAPI Messages with small cell forum with API.
5. HARQ Mechanism for FDD and TDD.
6. CQI, PMI, RI, MCS, SRS working mechanism.
7. BSR, PHR, SR, Uplink Time Alignment working Mechanism.
8. DRX, PCH, BCH Reception.
9. Channel mapping of Logical to Transport to Physical.
10. MAC, PDU and SDU structure for different types of data transmission.
11. Throughput Analysis, Real Time issues in Scheduling.

RLC (RADIO LINK CONTROL)


1. RLC Architecture Design.
2. RLC TM, UM, AM mode entities.
3. PDU and SDU structures.
4. Channel Mapping.
5. Parameters SN, E, LI, FI, SO, Poling bits, reserved bits.

PDCP (PACKET DATA CONVERGENCE PROTOCOL)


1. PDCP Procedures and Design.
2. PDCP Header Compression.
3. PDCP Ciphering and Encryption.
4. PDCP PDU and SDU structures.

RRC (RADIO RESOURCE CONTROL)


1. RRC Architecture and UE states.
2. ETWS and CMAS Notification.
3. MIB, SIB-1 to SIB-13.
4. RRC connection Control and Paging.
5. RRC Connection Establishment and Initial Security Activation.
6. RRC Connection Reconfiguration and Counter Check.
7. RRC Connection Re-Establishment and RRC Connection Release.
8. Radio Resource Configuration.
9. IRAT Mobility, Handover to EUTRAN.
10. Measurement Configuration, Measurement Report Triggering, Events (A1 to A5).
11. UE Capability Transfer, UL/DL Information Transfer.
12. CSFB (Circuit Switch Fall Back), VOLTE(Voice Over LTE).
13. MBMS.
14. RRC Messages and Information Elements for different Messages.
15. Counters, Timers and Constants.
16. Security Keys and Algorithms.

RRM
1. Measurement Evaluation of Inter frequency and Intra freq cells.
2. EUTRAN Handover decision for FDD and TDD.
3. RRC Connection Mobility Control, Radio Link Monitoring.
4. Measurement control, Cell Setup.
5. RRM internal Message communication with RRC and OAM.

SON
1. RACH Optimization.
2. Mobility Load Balancing.
3. Automatic Neighbor detection.
4. OAM Related Activities.

5G/NR:
1. NG-RAN Architecture
2. NR air interface
3. Network Access and connection setup
4. Registration and PDU session setup
5. DL-UL data transfer
6. Mobility and HO
7. New feature in NR
8. RRC,RLC,MAC,PHY,SDAP layer

GENERAL SCENARIOSLTE/NR(5G):
1. LTE/NR Random Access Procedure and Contention Resolution.
2. LTE/NR Attach Default Bearer setup flow.
3. S1AP of LTE Attach.
4. Tracking Area Update.
5. LTE Security Keys and Algorithms.
6. X2-Ap, S1-Ap Handover Algorithm
7. VO-LTE Call Flow.
8. Inter Frequency Handover.
9. Intra Frequency Handover.
10. ANR (Automatic Neighbor Relation).
SPECIAL FEATURE:

1. Work on Real ENode-B, UE (Hardware).


2. Work on Real Software based on C-Code on Hardware.
3. Real Time Test cases Execution and their Analysis.
4. Real time Test Script Execution on Hardware bases on shell scripting.
5. Real Time Tools for Testing and Bug Analysis.

JOIN AS FRESHER AND GO AS AN EXPERIENCED LTE SOFTWARE


ENGINEER IN TESTING

Contact:- +91-8127883348

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