PHILIPPINE CULTURE AND TOURISM Types of domestic tourist in the Philippines:

GEOGRAPHY REVIEWER
 Interregional Domestic Tourists – tourists who
COVERAGE: move from one region to another region. Expands one
understanding of one’s
 Map plothing  Intraregional Domestic Tourists – tourists who nation and thus raises
 Overview of the Philippines move from one province to another province within national consciousness
 Region 1 the same region.
 Region 2
 C.A.R (CORDILLERA REGION)  Local Tourists – this type of tourists is often
classified as an excursionist because of an
assumption that they will not stay beyond 24 hours
in their destination, which is always within their Kind of Tourist Attraction:
INTRODUCTION: province.  Natural – Creation of god
Definition of tourism: WTO (world tourism Traveling for pleasure:  Historical – Buildings, monuments and other relics
organization) from the past
 Excursionists – travelers who stay not more than 24  Cultural - it refers to the rituals, songs, dances,
 Activities of persontraveling to and staying in hours at their destination, or who stay for only a costumes, arts, crafts, stories, and other
places outside their usual environment for not more day, not overnight. manifestations of a people’s traditional beliefs
than one consecutive year, for leisure, business, and
 Man Made - dams, power plants, parks, buildings,
other purposes not related to the activities being  Tourists – Travelers who stay at least 24 hours at
and other great or unusual structures or things made
remunerated upon. their destination. Tourists are further divided into:
by humans that have no significant historical value
Forms of Tourism Domestic Tourist International Tourist
Less Expensive More Expensive
 International Tourism – travel from one country to No need for passports and Requires passports and Special Interest – these attractions cater to specific types
another country visa visa of people who have specific purposes in visiting a
 Outbound Tourism – visits by the RESIDENTS Inspires a genuine Might encounter cultural destination
to another country. appreciation of the beauty adjustments difficulties in
 Mountaineering/trekking
 Inbound Tourism – visits by NON- of one’s own nation, not foreign destination
 Spelunking
RESIDENTS to the country of reference only in terms of natural
 Bird Watching
 Domestic Tourism – travel within the country resources but also of the
 Whale watching
diverse cultural groups
 Scuba diving
that make up the tapestry
 Golf
that is national characters.
 Surfing
OVERVIEW OF THE PHILIPPINES: LUZON  Visayas region has different kinds of terrain:
Eastern Visayas has a high peaked mountain and
Republic of the Philippines  Luzon is the largest island, and the most northerly low rugged hills, while Central Visayas terrain has a
island among the three main islands of the highland narrow coastal strips land.
 Located in Southeast Asia Philippines.
 Capital: City of Manila  There are also other famous terrains such as
 It is the 17th largest island in the world Chocolate Hills and Mt. Kanlaon
 An archipelago consisting of 7,107 islands with a  Luzon has a mountainous terrain, and it is where
total land area of 300,000 square kilometers  Other notable mountains are Mt. Madja-as of Panay
you can find Mt. Pulag. Highest mountain in Luzon Island and Mt. Cernos del Negros
 East – Philippine Sea  Located in Cordillera Range  It has plains and most of it is sugar cane fields, rice
 West – West Philippine Sea  There are also famous volcanoes in Luzon, these are fields, and various agricultural product

 South – Celebes Sea Pinatubo, Mayon , and Taal. MINDANAO

 Philippines is divided into 3 island groups:  Other notable mountains are Mt. Isarog, Mt. Iriga,  It is the 2nd largest island among the three
and Mt. Bulusan geographical division
Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao
 Mountain Ranges like Cordillera and Sierra Madre  This is dubbed as “The Land of Promise”
 Composed of 17 regions, and 80 provinces are also in Luzon.
 Composed of only one main island and with
 Cagayan River longest and widest river in the outlying islands of Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, Basilan,
REGIONS country Camiguin, and Dinagat Island
 The Philippines is one of only two major Roman VISAYAS  It has different mountains and was grouped into five
Catholic countries in Asia
 Visayas is the smallest among three geographical ranges
 94% Christians (81% Roman Catholic, 2% divisions and it is located between Luzon and  Mt. Apo and Mt. Dulang-Dulang is found in
Protestant 11%Philippine Independent Church) Mindanao Mindanao
 5% are Muslims  It is composed of 5 main islands: Samar, Panay,  Other notable mountains are Mt. Kitanglad, Mt.
Negros, Cebu and Leyte. Hibok-Hibok, and Mt. Kalatungan
 And it has outlying islands of Biliran, Bohol,
CULTURE
Guimaras, and Siquijor
 Spanish, Chinese, American Influence
REGION 1: ILOCOS REGION ATTRACTIONS: ABANG FALLS- The falls cascade like the
HinulugangTaktak in Rizal.
Composed of four provinces: LA PAZ SAND DUNES JUNA LUNA SHRINE- it is the repository of the
memorabilia of the famous Luna family.
 Ilocosnorte Locally named as BantayBimmaboy, the sand dunes
Sinking Bell Tower
 Ilocossur shaped like a pig, attract not only natives but
Bell Tower of St. William Cathedral
 La union foreigners as well. The area has served as location
PATAPAT HIGHWAY- BUILT TO CONNCET
 Pangasinan for shooting local movies.
THE LAST TOWNS OF Pagudpud, Ilocosnorte to
GENERAL INFORMATION: MALACANANG OF THE NORTH Sta. Praxedes, Cagayan
BANGUI WIND FARM- It has 15 wind turbines
• Situated in the north coast of Luzon Built as the official residence of former President standing 70 meters tall.
Ferdinand E. Marcos in Ilocos Norte, this imposing CAPE BOJEADOR LIGHTHOUSE- Built in 1892.
• Laoag International Airport structure, which overlooks the legendary Paoay It is said to be the tallest lighthouse in the
Lake, is now a museum. Philippines.
• Regional Capital : San Fernando City
TOBACCO MONOPOLY MONUMENT- It serves
MARCOS MUSEUM as a memorial to the lifting of the Tobacco
• Main Language : Ilokano
The house where former President Ferdinand Monopoly, which from 1872 to 1881, gave the
THE FOUR PROVINCES Ilocanos untold miseries as they were obliged to
Marcos was born, now a museum.
plant no other crop except tobacco.
ILOCOS NORTE:
PAGUDPUD BEACH
FESTIVALS:
“THE BEST OF CULTURE AND NATURE”
Boracay of the north
PAMULINAWEN FESTIVAL
Capital: Laoag City PAOAY CHURCH GULING-GULING FESTIVAL
GARLIC FESTIVAL
Sao Mi Toy – “our language” Built of coral blocks and stucco-plastered bricks, DAMILI FESTIVAL
the architecture is a unique combination of Gothic, FARMER’S FESTIVAL IN BACARRA
Merchants from China and Japan were already
Baroque and Oriental. Construction of the church DANCE PARADE IN BACARRA
trading with the early inhabitants
was started in 1704 and completed in 1894.
Juan de Salcedo – a Spanish conquistador who PRODUCTS, DELICACIES AND CUISINES
BANGUI WINDMILLS
discovered and named the place “Ylocos”
KILAWIN
Supplies electrical energy to the community & LONGGANISA
June 13, 1572 – the year when Salcedo and his men
nearby towns. KALDERETA
landed in what we know as Vigan and continue to
sailed along the coast. PAPAITAN
TOURIST DESTINATIONS:
LEAF TOBACCO
NATURAL GARLIC
LOOM WEAVING
Paoay Lake National Park
Sand dunes of La Paz
ILOCOS SUR PLAZA BURGOS- It is named in honor of the HISTORICAL
Ilocano-martyr priest Father Burgos.
“HERITAGE VILLAGE OF THE NORTHERN LUZON HEROES HILL
PLAZA SALCEDO- In this elevated elliptical plaza
PHILIPPINES” NATIONAL PARK - Located in the town of Santa,
it highlights the Salcedo Monument, known to be
Capital: Vigan City it was the stronghold of Gabriela Silang who
the oldest in the North.
Languange: Ilocano continued the struggle for freedom from the
Juan de Salcedo was also the one who founded CULTURAL Spaniards started by her slain husband, Diego
Ilocos Sur, in 1572. Silang.
NATIONAL MUSEUM – PADRE BURGOS BESSANG PASS- A monument stands on this
TOURIST DESTINATIONS HOUSE strategic gap, 5,250 feet above sea level.
CRISOLOGO MUSEUM Transversed by Highway 4, west of the town of
NATURAL
BANTAY CHURCH- the church features Cervantes, the Pass served as the backdoor to
SANTIAGO COVE- A stretch of golden sand earthquake baroque and Gothic-influenced General Yamashita's last ditch defense during the
beach. architecture. last stage of World War II.
PINSAL FALLS- It features Angalo’s footprint, the MUSEO DE SAN JUAN BAUTISTA - This TIRAD PASS- Declared as a National Shrine. The
legendary Ilocano giant. museum was established to serve as a repository of Battle of Tirad Pass was led by the youngest
PUG-OS BEACH- it is a white sand beach in Lapog’s history. Filipino General Gregorio delPilar.
Cabugao. ANCESTRAL HOUSES- It has a tile roofs, LAPOG BAY-Saoang in San Juan, Ilocos Sur,
APATOT BEACH- This is we’re the US massive hardwood floorings, ballustrades and being a part of Lapog Bay, had its share of the 34
Submarines unload arms and supplies for the azoteas in varying Spanish-Mexican-Chinese Japanese warships that anchored at the Bay. Most of
USAFIP, NL during WWII. architectural styles. the warships left the Bay on October 17, 1944.
SULVEC BEACH- A rocky shore. MAGSINGAL MUSEUM- It is a repository of
Ilocano heritage that features collections of pottery RELIGIOUS
MAN – MADE and porcelain artifacts.
PAGBURNAYAN- The Ilocano clay jar called SAN VICENTE CHURCH- Miracles are attributed
SUNDIAL- Built by the Spaniards in 1841 and to the parish’s patron saint, St. Vincent Ferrer,
"burnay" is used for storing the suka (local vinegar),
1948, these two sundials, one in front of the attracting   pilgrims from far and near. The parish
basi (local wine) and bagoong (fish sauce) and has
Tagudin Municipal Hall and the other at the was established in 1795 and the feast day of St.
also been used as a decorative item in household
courtyard of the church, are still in use. Vincent Ferrer is celebrated on April 5.
interiors and outdoor landscapes. The production
SULVEC WATCHTOWER- This sturdy THE CHURCH OF ST. WILLIAM THE HERMIT -
process still utilizes pre-historic methods.
magnificent structure was built by the Spaniards as The church, classified by experts as Baroque, is
lookout points for impeding pirates. famous for its antique wooden altar (retablo) which
MORO WATCHTOWER- It is the oldest landmark is still being used. An old choir loft and the pulpit
in San Esteban. This is a vanguard against have been preserved but no longer functional.
approaching pirates.
STA, MARIA CHURCH- A World Heritage Site FESTIVALS
and a National Landmark, this centuries-old church
nestled atop a hill at the town proper of Sta. Maria BINATBATAN FESTIVAL
was used as a fortress during the 1896 Revolution. CALESA PARADE
STA. LUCIA CHURCH- The main attraction of the LONGGANISA FESTIVAL
church is the statue of St. Lucy, believed to date VIVA VIGAN
back to the 19th century. PRODUCTS, DELICACIES AND CUISINES
SINAIT CHURCH- Enshrined in this century-old
church is the 17th century image of the Black Royal bibingka
Nazarene. Special Empanadas
ST.PAUL’S METROPOLITAN CATHEDRAL- As Longganisa
found in the church’s marker, the original church Bagnet
was a chapel of wood and thatch erected in 1574 on Pinakbet
orders of Juan de   Salcedo, the conquistador and
Founder of Villa Fernandina (now Vigan).
THE SHRINE OF SANTO CRISTO
MILAGROSO - The church itself is simple with
the façade flanked by two square columns. The
main   attraction of the church is the statue of the
crucified Christ.
LA UNION CULTURAL SPECIAL INTEREST

 “PILGRIMAGE CENTER OF NORTH”  MUSEO DE ILOKO-The old “presidencia”  Surf fronting in Monaliza in Urbiztondo, San Juan.
 Capital: San Fernando City ogAgoo houses artifacts and other pieces of cultural
 Scuba Diving in Bauang Beach.
 Language: Ilocano, English importance of Ilocanos.
 Trekking
HISTORY HISTORICAL
PRODUCTS, DELICACIES AND CUISINES
 La Union was created on March 2, 1850 by virtue  WALLACE AIR STATION- These 101 hectares
of a “Superior Decreto” issued by Governor base land located at the end of Poro Point were  Dried Fish
General NarcisoZalduaClaveria. acquired in 1903 for the US Cavalry.  Lomboy Grapes
 TOMB OF UNKNOWN SOLDIER  Basi Making
TOURIST DESTINATION
RELIGIOUS  Basketry
NATURAL  Broom Making
 SHRINE OF OUR LADY OF CHARITY - The  Blanket Weaving
 BAUANG BEACH Franciscan priests Fr. Juan BaptistaLucarrelli and  Pottery
 SAN FRANCISCO- CANAOAY- PAGUDPUD Fr. Sebastian Baeza established Agoo in 1578 when  Cigar Making
BEACH it was still a part of Pangasinan.
 SAN JUAN BEACH- The surf in the area is ideal  SHRINE OF OUR LADY OF NAMACPACAN - It
for amateur surfing during the months of November is also called St. Catherine of Alexandria Parish,
to February. houses the miraculous image of Our Lady of
Namacpacan.
MAN – MADE
 AGOO APPARITION SITE- Destination of Marian
 LA UNION BOTANICAL AND ZOOLOGICAL devotees.
GARDEN  MA-CHO TEMPLE(MAZU)
 PINDANGAN RUINS- the remains of the first
FESTIVALS
Catholic Church in San Fernando City.
 MARCOS BUST- travelers going up to Baguio via  AGOO SEMANA SANTA- The life-size statues
Marcos Highway could get a glimpsed of this depicting the Stations of the Cross are pulled by
concrete structure. devotees along the processional roads during Good
 EAGLE OF THE NORTH Friday.
 IMELDA PARK  SAN FERNANDO CITY FIESTA
PANGASINAN HISTORICAL PRODUCTS, DELICACIES AND CUISINES

 “HUNDRED ISLANDS AND A HUNDRED  LINGAYEN PUBLIC BEACH- One of the landing  Ligar – Ligar
FLAVORS” areas of the American Forces on Jan.9, 1945 that  Rilyenongbangus
 Capital: Lingayen paved the way for the Liberation of Northern
Luzon.
 VILLA VERDE TRAIL- The Red Arrow
HISTORY Monument at Villa Verde, was where the 32nd
Division of the US Armed Forces in the Far East
Pangasinan was formally created as a province by saw action in the pursuit of the retreating Japanese
Governor-General Ronquillo de Penalosa in 1850. Forces during the campaign to liberate Northern
Luzon.

RELIGIOUS
TOURIST DESTINATION
 CHURCH OF ST.JAMES FORTRESS- Bolinao
NATURAL
Church was built by the Augustinians in 1609. It
 VILLACORTA CAVE houses wooden statues nowadays a rarity. The
 HUNDRED ISLANDS NATIONAL PARK antique altar is flanked by two grinning tongue-
 LINGAYEN PUBLIC BEACH protruding Aztec visages presumably of Mexican
 SANTIAGO ISLAND influence and brought over by the Galleon Trade.
 CAPE BOLINAO BEACH  MANAOAG CHURCH - held every 2nd week of
 TAMBOBONG WHITE BEACH April in Manaoag, Pangasinan. Devotees and
 AGNO UMBRELLA ROCKS pilgrims flock to the shrine of NuestraSeñora de
Manaoag for the feast of the patroness of the sick,
the needy and the helpless. Her image is believed to
be miraculous.
MAN- MADE

 CAPE BOLINAO LIGHTHOUSE- The light house

which was built by the American in 1903 on a 300
feet high promontory at the western part of Cape
Bolinao still sends signal to vessels passing by the
area.
 BOLINAO MUSEUM
 SISON AUDITORIUM
REGION 2: CAGAYAN VALLEY BATANES  UVUD/UVED- Usually in meatball form, this dish
is made of banana heart or banana stalks, mixed
INTRODUCTION TO THE REGION:  “LAND OF THE TRUE INSULARS” with ground meat.
 Capital: Basco  FLYING FISH- Whether grilled, dried, or made
 Cagayan Valley (Lambakng Cagayan) is a region of  Languages: Ivatan and Ichbayaten
the Philippines, also designated as Region II or into a kilawin, freshly caught flying fish is a definite
Region 02. Most of the region lies in a large valley must-try
in Northeastern Luzon, between the Cordilleras and  LUÑIS- salted pork cooked in its own fat, which
the Sierra Madre mountain ranges. BATANES ETYMOLOGY: can last for weeks, is similar to the more popular
adobo.
 Languages and Dialects: Ilokano, Ibanag, Iyatan,  Hispanicized and pluralized form of vatan, the
Ittawis, and Gadang indigenous name for the province's main island. The BATANES ATTRACTIONS
term batang has cognates across various
MAJOR INDUSTRY: Austronesian languages, mostly being a word that  Sabtang Island
means "the main part of something," such as "trunk"  Sabtang Lighthouse
 The region is hailed as the “Tilapia Capital of the or "body“.  Morong beach/ Nakabuang beach
Philippines” The main crops are rice, corn, and  Itbayat Island
tobacco. Fishing, livestock production of cattle, HISTORY OF BATANES  Batan Island
hog, carabaos and poultry. Other livelihood of the  Basco Lighthouse
region involves furniture making of rattan. In 1782, Philippine Governor General Jose Basco y Vargas
 Tayid Lighthouse
sent an expedition to undertake the formalities of getting
 Marlboro Country
PROVINCES the consent of the Ivatans to become subjects of the King of
 Valugan Boulder Beach
Spain. On June 26, 1783, Joseph Huelva Melgarjo became
 Batanes,  Homoron Lagoons
the first Governor of Batanes. The new province was
 Cagayan,  Ruins of songsong
named Provinciadela Concepcion. Governor Basco was
 Isabela,  San jose church (Ivana)
named “Condedela Conquista de Batanes” and the capital
 Nueva Vizcaya,  Honesty Coffee shop
town was named after him.
 Quirino.
FESTIVAL
LOCAL PEOPLE OF BATANES:
The region has four cities:
 Palu Palo Festival
 IVATANS
 Cauayan,
 Ilagan, PRODUCTS, DELICACIES AND CUISINES
 Santiago,
 Tuguegarao,  COCONUT CRAB- These crabs are known for
 89 Municipalities. their sweet meat and aligue. These crabs,
called tatus, are already on the endangered list.
CAGAYAN bean sprouts and other vegetables topped with egg
and chicharon.
 “A TRUE SPELUNKER’S PARADISE”  PAWA- The bite-sized snack is made from steamed
 Capital: Tuguegarao City glutinous rice filled with sweetened grounded
 Languages: Ilokano, Malaweg, Ibanag and peanuts.
Itawis  SINANTA- The soup is a mix of everything
CAGAYAN ETYMOLOGY sotanghon and miki noodles, chicken, pork and
clams, all swimming on a soup flavored with patis
 Hispanicized form of the word kagayan, a native (fish sauce).
term meaning "place near or on a river," with the
root word kagay having cognates in many
Austronesian languages as a term for "river," CAGAYAN ATTRACTIONS
referring to the main river of northeast Luzon.
 BASILICA OF OUR LADY OF PIAT
CAGAYAN HISTORY

In 1581, Captain Juan Pablo Careon, native of Vizcaya, a  CAGAYAN RIVER

province of Spain, with one hundred soldiers fully
equipped with arms and ammunition and other provisions,  PALAUI ISLAND
came to Cagayan with their families by order of Don
Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñaloza, the fourth Spanish Civil  Cape Engaño Lighthouse
Governor, to explore the Cagayan Valley and to convert the
natives to Christianity as well as to establish ecclesiastical
 ANGUIB BEACH
missions and towns throughout the valley.

INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF CAGAYAN  CALLAO CAVE

 IBANAGS - The Ibanags are the dominant ethnic

 SIERRA CAVE
group in the vicinity of Tuguegarao.

PRODUCT, DELICACIES AND CUISINES  ODESSA TUMBALI CAVE

 PANCIT BATIL PATONG- PancitBatilPatong or

PancitTuguegarao is made out of  JACKPOT CAVE
pansitmikiTuguegarao, minced carabao meat,
 SAN CARLOS CAVE
ISABELA PRODUCT, DELICACIES AND CUISINES FESTIVAL

 “RICE GRANARY OF THE NORTH”  DINENGDENG- One of the known vegetable BAMBANTI / SCARECROW FESTIVAL
 Capital: Ilagan City delicacies of Isabela is the “dinengdeng”
 Languages: The major dialect is Ilocano followed  BINALLAY- Binallay is pure ground glutinous rice
by Ibanagand Tagalog.  mixed with water, soaked for two hours wrapped in
banana leaves.
ISABELA ETYMOLOGY  PANCIT CABAGAN- PancitCabagan is very
 Spanish given name. The province was named after similar to the traditional Pancit Canton, although it
Isabella II, the reigning queen of Spain at the time makes use of a special miki noodle manufactured
of the province's creation in 1856. locally.

HISTORY OF ISABELA ISABELA ATTRACTIONS

It is believed that the history of the province dates back to  GIANT DIBULO FALLS
over 25,999 years ago with the Stone Age race of dark-
skinned, kinky-haired pigmies whose descendants, the  SHRINEOFTHE QUEENATTHECAPITOL
nomadic Aetas (Negritos), can still be found roaming the
mountains and forest of eastern Isabela today. The  BLUE LAGOON
Indonesians and three waves of Malays between 200 BC
and 1500 AD.  DICOTCOTAN BEACH

 MAGAT DAM
INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN ISABELA

 DUMAGATS  WORLD’S LARGEST BUTAKA

 AGTA
 SAN PABLO CHURCH

 NORTHERN SIERRA MADRE NATURAL

PARK
NUEVA VIZCAYA the point of becoming dry, compared to regular

 “WATERSHED HAVEN OF THE VALLEY” dinuguan.

 Capital:Bayombong
NUEVA VIZCAYA ATTRACTIONS
 Languages: Ilocano, Tagalog, Gadang, Isinay

NUEVA VIZCAYA ETYMOLOGY  CAPISAAN CAVE

Nueva Vizcaya, Spanish for "new Biscay", in honor of the

province in the Basque Country of Spain.  MT. UGO

HISTORY OF NUEVA VIZCAYA

 ST. DOMINIC CATHEDRAL
The province of Nueva Vizcaya was named after the people
living in the coast of Mar de Vizcaine in Spain. In the
beginning of the 19th century, it was a part of the vast  CHURCH OF SAN VICENTE FERRER
“Territorio de Missiones” of the Spanish-controlled
government of Cagayan, covering the eastern half of
 IMUGAN FALLS
Northern Luzon.

INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN NUEVA VIZCAYA

 IFUGAO
 GADDANG
PRODUCTS, DELICACIES AND CUISINES

 Crispy Abal-abal (Salagubang)- This one has

crispy skin lightly salty and the meat taste.
 BUKO PIE- Their bukopie are smaller in diameter
but has really tasty crusts and tasty filling. Best
served fresh from the oven.
 DINARDARAAN- Dinardaraan is the Ilocano
version of dinuguan. This dish has lesser sauce to
QUIRINO PRODUCT, DELICACIES AND CUISINES

 “FORST HEARTLAND OF CAGAYAN”  ROYAL TUBIKOY- a native delicacy, combination

 Capital: Cabarroguis of tupig, bibibgka and tikoy. shortening
 Languages: Ilocano and Tagalog  TAPUY- Rice Wine
 DINAKDAKAN- dinakdakan (an appetizer made
QUIRINO ETYMOLOGY
of grilled pig’s parts blended with pig’s brain or
 Spanish surname. The province was named after mayonnaise)
ElpidioQuirino, former president (1948-1953).
QUIRINO ATTRACTIONS
HISTORY OF QUIRINO
 GOVERNOR’S RAPIDS
Quirino province acquired its juridical personality as a
result of the division of the provinces of Nueva Vizcaya  AGLIPAY CAVE
and Isabela on June 18, 1966 under RA 4734. R.A. 6394
was passed on September 10, 1971 further amending R.A.  BIMMAPOR ROCK FORMATION
No. 5554 separating the sub-province of Quirino from its
mother province of Nueva Vizcaya constituting into a  LANDIGAN VIEWPOINT
regular province.
 PASKUHAN SA QUIRINO

INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN QUIRINO

 BUGKALOT/ILONGOT
 AGTA
 IGOROT
 DUMAGAT