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Protection of Rotating Machinery: Problems

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400 views3 pages

Protection of Rotating Machinery: Problems

Uploaded by

moses kakwena
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Protection of Rotating Machinery

Problems

7.1 Consider the power system shown in Figure 7.29 which represents a unit-connected generator prior
to being synchronized to the system and protected with an over-current relay connected as a
differential relay. Determine the maximum load, select a CT ratio for the generator differential, calculate
the relay operating currents for a three-phase fault at F1 and F2 and set the relay. Assume there is no
CT error and the relay has the CO-11 time—current characteristics shown in Appendix D (section D.2).

7.2 Repeat problem 7.1 assuming that the line-side CT has an error of 1 % of its secondary current. Set
the over-current relay so it will not operate for an external fault.

7.3 Repeat problem 7.1 for a phase-to-phase fault at F1.

7.4 Figure 7.30 shows a percentage differential relay applied for the protection of a generator winding.
The relay has a 0.1 A minimum pickup and a 10 % slope. A high-resistance ground fault has occurred
as shown near the grounded-neutral end of the generator winding while it is carrying load with the
currents flowing at each end of the generator as shown. Assume that the CT ratios are as shown in the
figure and they have no error. Will the relay operate to trip the generator under this condition? Would
the relay operate if the generator were carrying no load with its breaker open? Draw the relay operating
characteristic and the points that represent the operating and restraining currents in the relay for the
two conditions.

7.5 Consider the system shown in Figure 7.31 with the generator, transformer and system parameters
as shown. Calculate three-phase and phase-to-phase currents due to faults at F1 and F2 and determine
the restraining and operating currents in the percentage differential relay for the four conditions.

7.6 For the system shown in Figure 7.32, draw the operating characteristics of an over-current and a
percentage differential relay and show the tripping points for a fault at F1 if RN is, respectively, 0.5, 5
and 50 Ω.

7.7 Draw the one-line diagram showing a 200 hp motor connected to a 4 kV bus. Assume the following
bus and motor parameters:
phase-to-phase bus fault = 15 000 A
three-phase bus fault = 25 000 A
maximum ground fault = 1500 A
motor full-load current = 25 A
motor locked rotor current = 150 A
motor starting time = 1.5 s.
Select and set the phase and ground relays using the time—current characteristic of the three relays
shown in Appendix D.

7.8 Repeat problem 7.7 for a 1500 hp, 6.9 kV motor with the same bus fault parameters and motor full-
load current of 110 A, locked rotor current of 650 A and a starting time of 3 s.

7.9 For the distribution transformer, unit-connected generator shown in Figure 7.16 and the parameters
given in Example 7.7, determine the value of the secondary resistor that will protect 85 % of the
winding. You may assume that a part winding voltage and leakage reactance is proportional to its
length.

Chapter 7 - Rotating Machinery Protection


Power System Relaying, Third Edition
by  Stanley H. Horowitz and Arun G. Phadke
John Wiley & Sons © 2008 Citation
Figure 7.29: One-line diagram for problem 7.1

Figure 7.30: System for problem 7.4


Chapter 7 - Rotating Machinery Protection
Power System Relaying, Third Edition
by  Stanley H. Horowitz and Arun G. Phadke
John Wiley & Sons © 2008 Citation
Figure 7.31: System for problem 7.5

Figure 7.32: System for problem 7.6

Chapter 7 - Rotating Machinery Protection


Power System Relaying, Third Edition
by  Stanley H. Horowitz and Arun G. Phadke
John Wiley & Sons © 2008 Citation

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