Mathematics

Quarter 1 – Module 5:
Numbers and Number Sense
 This module was designed and written to help you master the
Numbers and Number Sense. The scope of this module can be used in
many different learning situations. The language used was adjusted to the
diverse vocabulary level of learners. The lessons were arranged
chronologically according to the standard sequence of the course. The
content of this module corresponds to the textbook you are using.

The module is divided into four lessons, namely:

Lesson 1. Solving Multi-Step Routine Problems Involving

Multiplication and Addition
Lesson 2. Solving Multi-Step Routine Problems Involving
Multiplication and Subtraction
Lesson 3. Solving Multi – Step Non-Routine Problems Involving
Multiplication and Addition or Subtraction Using
Appropriate Tools
Lesson 4. Solving Multi – step Routine and Non-Routine Problems
Involving Multiplication and Addition or Subtraction
Using Appropriate Strategies and Tools

After using this module, you are expected to:

Solve multi – step routine and non-routine problems involving

multiplication and addition or subtraction using appropriate
strategies and tools. (M4NS- Ie-45.5)

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 Let us check your prior knowledge about solving routine and non-
routine problems by answering the questions below

Problem: Mang Raul harvested 12 500 ears of corn from each of the 12
plots of his farm, while Mang Sidro harvested 8 540 ears of corn
from each of the 18 plots of his farm. Who harvested more ears
of corn?

1. Which do you think is the first step in answering this problem?

A. Check and Look back
B. Understand
C. Solve
D. Plan

2. What is asked in the problem?

A. The number of harvesters.
B. The total ears of corn Mang Sidro harvested.
C. The farmer who harvested more ears of corn.
D. The total ears of corn Mang Raul and Mang Sidro harvested.

3. What is/are the hidden information(s)?

A. The total ears of corn Mang Raul harvested and the total ears
of corn Mang Sidro harvested.
B. The total number of plots.
C. The total number of farmers.
D. The total number of harvesters.

4. What are the given facts?

A. Two hectares of corn are to be harvested.
B. 12 500 ears of corn from each of the 12 plots; 8 540 from each
of the 18 plots
C. 12 500 is greater than 8 540
D. Mang Sidro is richer than Mang Raul

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5. What are the operations to be used?
A. multiplication and addition
B. multiplication and subtraction
C. multiplication and division
D. division and subtraction

6. Write the number sentences for the hidden questions.

A. 12 x 12 500 = n, 18 x 8 540 = n
B. 12 x 18 = n, 12 500 x 8 540 = n
C. 12 500 + 8 540 = n, 12 + 18 = n
D. 18 x 12 500 = n, 12 x 8 540 = n

7. Mang Raul harvested how many ears of corn?

A. 145 000
B. 150 000
C. 155 000
D. 160 000

8. Mang Sidro harvested how many ears of corn?

A. 135 620
B. 135 720
C. 153 620
D. 153 720

9. Who harvested more ears of corn? Mang Sidro or Mang Raul?

10. Mario does 120 sit-ups a day for 5 days, while Paul does 160
sit-ups a day for 4 days. Find the total sit-ups of the two boys.
A. 1 230
B. 1 240
C. 1 250
D. 1 260

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 Lesson Solving Multi-Step Routine

1 Problems Involving
Multiplication and Addition
Hello! Its good to see you moving on to this new learning. As you go along
with this lesson, you will be able to:
 solve multi – step routine problems involving multiplication and
addition;
 apply techniques in solving routine problems; and
 Appreciate the used of steps in solving problems with speed and
accuracy.

In your previous lesson, you have learned solving routine and non-
routine problems involving multiplication of whole numbers involving
money. As an example, consider the given problem:

A group of factory workers can wrap 950

candies in an hour. How many candies can they wrap
in 48 hours?

Let us solve this problem by answering the following questions. Write

your answer on the space provided.

1. What is asked in the problem? ________________________

2. What are the given facts? ________________________
3. What are the operations to be used?_______________________
4. Solve using the operation. ________________________
5. State the complete answer. ________________________

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Do you know that in almost every day of our lives we are dealing
with routine problems? Consider the situation below.

Rose had 153 pages in her stamp album. There

were 12 stamps on each page. Her friend gave her
additional 63 stamps. How many stamps now Rose
has?

Answer the following questions.

1. Who are the characters in the problem? ____________________
2. What is asked in the problem? ____________________
3. What does Rose had in the problem? ____________________
4. How many stamps do you think Rose now has? ______________
5. If you were Rose’ friend, will you do the same? Why?___________
6. Suppose one day your friend will visit your house, are you willing to
share some foods or toys to him/her? ____________________

Everyday, we often meet problems. Dealing with them is a challenge

if we do not treat them properly.

Problem solving can be categorized into two basic types: routine

and non-routine.

Routine problem solving involves using atleast one of the four

arithmetic operations to solve problem that are practical in nature. It does
not require you to use critical thinking.

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 Non-routine problems are complex problems that require some
degree of creativity or originality to sovle. Nonroutine problem typically do
not have an immediately apparent strategy for solving them.

When you solve routine problems, follow these steps:

Understand Plan Solve Check and Look Back

Let us try to answer the problem about Rose and her friend.
Step 1: UNDERSTAND
A. Read and understand the problem
B. Know what is asked for in the problem.
- the number of stamps left with Rose
C. Look for the necessary information. The given facts are:
- 153 pages in stamp album, 12 stamps in each page,
63 stamps additional

Step 2: PLAN
A. What are the operations to be used?
- multiplication and addition
B. What is the hidden question?
- the number of stamps Rose had at first
C. What is the number sentence for the hidden question?
- 153 pages x 12 stamps per page 153 x 12 = ______
- Additional 63 stamps 63 = + ______
Total

Step 3: SOLVE
153 x 12 = 1,836 stamps in the album
+ 63
1,899 The total stamps Rose now has

Step 4: CHECK AND LOOK BACK

The answer is correct. So, Rose now have 1 899 stamps.

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 This time, let us all together work on the next activity. Use the
table to answer the questions that follow.

ROD’S CANTEEN MENU

Spaghetti Php 25
Pineapple Juice Php 10
Cheese Burger Php 14
Buko Juice Php 12

How much are 2 orders of spaghetti and 2 Pineapple Juice?

a. What is asked in the problem? ________________________

b. What is the hidden questions? ________________________
c. What are the given facts? ________________________
d. Determine the operation to be used. ___________________
e. Write the number sentence. ________________________
f. Solve using the operations. ________________________
g. State the final answer. ________________________

Based from the activities that you have just completed, how do you
solve multi-step routine problems involving multiplication and addition?

To solve multi-step routine problem involving multiplication and

addition, follow the steps: (Complete the steps.)
Step 1. ____________
Step 2. ____________
Step 3. ____________
Step 4. _____________

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Read, analyze and solve each problem. Write your complete answer
on the blank.

1. A notebook costs Php 18.00. How much will you pay for 12
notebooks? What if the cost is increased by Php 2.00, how much
will 12 notebooks cost? ______________

2. Peter can make 123 hangers in 5 days, while Jude can make 210
hangers in 10 days. How many hangers can they make in 10
days? ___________

Congratulations! You have just finished this lesson.

Finishing it advances you to take another lesson. Keep it up!

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 Lesson Solving Multi-Step Routine Problems

2 Involving Multiplication and

Subtraction

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

 solve multi – step routine problems involving multiplication and
subtraction;
 apply techniques in solving routine problems; and
 Appreciate the used of steps in solving problems with speed and
accuracy.

Let us recall the steps in solving problems by answering the given

problem below.

Alex and his friend collected empty bottles for

3 days. On the first day, they collected 390 empty
bottles, 790 bottles for the second day and doubled
the second day for the third day. How many empty
bottles do they have in all?

1. What is asked in the problem? ________________________

2. What are the given facts? _________________________
3. What are the operations to be used?_______________________
4. Write the number sentence. ________________________
5. Solve using the operation. ________________________
6. State the complete answer. ________________________

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 Based on the menu chart, Rowena ordered 2 sandwiches and a fruit
juice for breakfast.
Snacks Meals
Php 25.00 Sandwich Php 35.00 Fried Fish and Rice
Php 15.00 Banana cue Php 40.00 Chpsuey and Rice
Php 10.00 Bottled Water Php 55.00 Adobo and Rice
Php 7.00 Fruit Juice Php 70.00 Beef Caldereta and Rice
Answer the following questions:
1. How much is the cost of a sandwich? Fruit Juice? ____________
2. How many sandwiches did she order? _______________
3. How much did she spend for her breakfast? _______________

Using the menu chart above, how much change will get if you give the
cashier Php 100.00 for 2 fried fish?
Step 1: UNDERSTAND
A. Read and understand the problem
B. Know what is asked for in the problem.
- The change after paying Php 100 for fried fish and rice
C. Look for the necessary information. The given facts are:
- Fried fish and rice Php 35.00 per serve. 2 orders for fried fish
and rice
Step 2: PLAN
D. What are the operations to be used?
- multiplication and subtraction
E. What is the hidden question?
- The cost of 2. fried fish and rice
F. What is the number sentence for the hidden question?
- amount given to the cashier 100 = ______
- cost of 2 fried fish and rice 2 x 35 = - ______
Change

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Step 3: SOLVE
100 → 100 amount given to the cashier
- 2 x 35 = - 70 cost of 2 fried fish and rice
30 change
Step 4: CHECK AND LOOK BACK
Thus, your change is Php 30.00.

This time, let us work on the next activity.

Using the same chart menu, answer the given question.

How much change will you get if you give the cashier Php
200.00 for 3 pork chop and rice?
Step 1: UNDERSTAND
A. Read and understand the problem
B. Know what is asked for in the problem.
- The change after paying Php 200 for 3 adobo and rice
C. Look for the necessary information. The given facts are:
- Adobo and rice - Php 55.00 per serve, Php 200.00
Step 2: PLAN
D. What are the operations to be used?
- multiplication and subtraction
E. What is the hidden question?
- The cost of 3. adobo and rice
F. What is the number sentence for the hidden question?
- amount given to the cashier 200 = ______
- cost of 3 adobo and rice 2 x 55 = ― ______
Change
Step 3: SOLVE
200 → 200 amount given to the cashier
- 3 x 55 = - 165 cost of 3 adobo and rice
35 change

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Step 4: CHECK AND LOOK BACK
Thus, your change is Php 35.00.

To solve multi-step routine problem involving multiplication and

subtraction, follow the following steps: (Complete the steps.)
Step 1. ____________
Step 2. ____________
Step 3. ____________
Step 4. ____________

Read, analyze and solve each problem. Write your complete answer
on the blank.

A notebook costs Php 19.00. How much change will you get if
you buy 15 notebooks and you give the cashier Php 500.00

Congratulations on focusing the lesson. You are now ready to do the next
level on solving Routine and Non-Routine word problem involving
multiplication of whole numbers including money.

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 Solving Multi-Step Routine
Lesson Problems Involving

3 Multiplication and Addition

or Subtraction Using
Appropriate Tools
Hello! Seeing you in this lesson shows you can solve problems the Math
ways. Today, you should be able to:
 Identify the steps in solving multi-step routine problems involving
multiplication and addition or subtraction using appropriate tools;
 solve multi-step routine problems involving multiplication and
addition or subtraction using appropriate tools; and
 Appreciate the systematic way of solving solving routine word
problems.

Let us have a review on solving routine problem involving

multiplication and addition or subtraction.

Adrian saves Php 200 a week. After 6 weeks, he bought a USB

worth Php 520.00. Ha had PhP 680 left in his savings. Do you agree?

Problem solving maybe computed in different methods. Some of the

ways are by illustrations. Consider the problem above:

The table below shows Adrian’s savings per week.

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Can you solve a problem using the table above? How?

Below are the steps to learn and remember about our lesson. To
solve routine problems involving multiplication of whole numbers including
money using appropriate strategies and tools, follow these steps:
UNDERSTAND - - - - - - - > ● Know what is Asked
● Know the Given facts
● If any, determine the hidden questions
PLAN - - - - - - - - - -- - - - > ● Determine the Operations to be used
● Write the Number sentence
● draw a representation of the problem
SOLVE - - - - - - - - - - - - -> ● Use the operation to Solve
CHECK and LOOK BACK > ● Write the correct Answer

Let us try to answer more challenging problems and activities.

Solve the problem using the four-step plan.

The street lights are 25 m apart. If there are 10 street lights, what is the
distance from the first light to the last street light?
( solve by drawing illustration )

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 Base on the illustration, there are only nine 25 m, so 25 x 9 = 225m.
Thus, the distance from the first street light to the last street light is 225
meters.

A school librarian has a monthly salary of P10 040. How much will she
earm im 18 months if she receives no salary increase?

How do we solve non-routine problems?

Non routine problems can be solved without using standard

procedure. They can be solved by drawing a picture, using a number
line, acting out, making table and others.

Here is another activity that will let you learn about solving routine
problems.

Robert has 480 bricks to be placed in front of their new

house. He need to arrange it in columns with 24 bricks on it. He
is arranging the 352nd bricks when his friends arrived. In what
column is he now?

Congratulations for finishing the whole level.

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 Solving Multistep Routine
and Non-Routine Problems
Lesson Involving Multiplication and
4 Addition or Subtraction
Using Appropriate
Strategies and Tools
A great day to be more familiar with previous lesson! Let’s apply the
systematic way of solving real life related problems by learning the
following objectives:
 identify the steps/ AGONSA in solving non-routine word problems
involving multiplication and addition or subtraction using appropriate
strategies and tools;
 solve non-routine word problems involving multiplication and
addition or subtraction using appropriate strategies and tools; and
 Appreciate the systematic way of solving non-routine word
problems.

In your previous lesson, you have learned solving routine and

non-routine problems involving multiplication of whole numbers involving
money. As an example, consider the given problem:

Mr. Santos has a coffee plantation. Each of his 450

workers receives an average weekly pay of Php 2,500. How
much does Mr. Santos pay weekly for his workers?

Recall that to solve this problem, you need to follow these steps:
A. Understand
1. Read and understand the problem.

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 2. Know what is asked for in the problem.
The total amount paid weekly by Mr Santos for his
workers.
3. What are the given facts
450 workers each received an average of Php 2, 500.

B. Plan
1. Determine the operation to be used. Multiplication
2. Write the number sentence.
2 500 x 450 = n
C. Solve using the operation.

2 500
x 450
0000
12500
+ 10000___
1125000

D. Check and Look Back.

See if you answer makes sense. State the complete
answer.
Mr. Santos pay Php 1 125 000 weekly for his 450 workers.

Study the problems below and answer the questions that follow?

During weekends, Romarson helps his mother sell fruits in

the market. On Saturday, he sold 275kg of mangoes. On
Sunday, he sold 350kg of rambutan. If those are the weekly
average sales, how many kilograms of mangoes were sold
in a month? How many kilograms of rambutan were sold in
month? How many kilograms of fruits were sold in all?

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 A. Understand
1. What are asked in the problem?
2. What is the hidden question?
3. What are the given facts?

B. Plan
4.What operations to be used?
5.What are the number sentence to be used?

C. Solve
6. How many kilograms of mangoes were sold in a month?
7. How many kilograms of rambutan were sold in a month?
8. How many kilograms of fruits were sold in all?

Problem solving can be categorized into two basic types: Routine

and Non-routine

Routine problem solving involves using atleast one of the four

arithmetic operations to solve problem that are practical in nature. It does
not require you to use critical thinking.

Non-routine problems are complex problems that require some

degree of creativity or originality to sovle. Nonroutine problem typically do
not have an immediately apparent strategy for solving them.

Illustrative example.
Jeepney fares cost Php 7.50 for the first 3 kilometers and Php 1.25
for the next kilometer or a part of a kilometer thereof. How much will Ana
pay for his 15-kilometer trip.

Understand
*Know what is asked in the problem

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 The amount Ana will pay for her 15-kilometer trip

*Know the hidden questions

How much will be added for the additional kilometers?

*Know what are the given facts

Fares cost Php 7.50 for the first 3 kilometer trip, Php 1.25 for
the next kilometer, 15-kilometer trip
Plan
*Determine the operation to be used
Multiplication and addition
*Determine the number sentence
PhP 7.50 + (12 x 1.25) = n
Solve:
Step 1: 15 km distance travelled by Ana
- 3 km first 3km
12 km excess of 3 km

Step 2: Php 1.25 cost per additional distance in kilometer 3 km

12 x 1.25 = Php 15 cost of additional 12 km

Step 3: Php 7.50 cost for the first 3 km

+ 12.00 cost of additional 12 km
PhP 19.50 amount paid by Ana for a 15 km trip

Check and Look Back

*Check your answer. Does your answer make sense?
*State the complete answer.
Paul paid Php 19.50 for a 15 km trip

Let us try to answer more challenging set of problems.

.

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1. Ariel can make 123 hangers in 5 days, while Lito can make 210
hangers in 10 days. Find the total number of hangers made by the two
boys in 10 days
a. 223 b. 333 c. 446 d. 456

2. Rose can finish 18 pieces of embroidery in four days. Andrea can

embroider 22 pieces in two days. How many more pieces of
embroidery can Andrea make than Rose in four days?

a. 16 b. 26 c. 40 d. 62

This is another activity for you to apply what you have learned
about solving routine and non-routine problems. Fill in the blanks with the
correct letter to complete the steps in solving routine and non-routine
problems

1. U_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
2. P __ __ __
3. S __ __ __ __
4. C __ __ __ __ and L __ __ __ B __ __ __

Here is another activity about solving multistep routine and non-

routine problems involving multiplication and addition or subtraction.

There were 252 glasses on a shelf. There were 12

shelves in all. How many glasses were left if 295 glasses
were bought by a customer?

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 Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer/ Provide what is asked.

Fidel had twelve boxes of paper plates. Each box contains 36 paper
plates. He used 173 paper plates for the birthday party of his son. How
many paper plates were left?

1. Which do you think is the first step in answering this problem?

A. Check and Look back
B. Plan
C. Solve
D. Understand

2. What is asked in the problem?

A. The total number of boxes
B. The total number of plates used
C. The total number plates left
D. The number of visitor

3. What is the hidden information?

A. The total number of boxes
B. The total number of plates used
C. The total number paper plates left
D. The total number of plates

4. How many paper plates are there in twelve boxes?

A. 432
B. 422
C. 412
D. 402

5. What are the given facts? __________________

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6. What are the operations to be used?
A. multiplication and addition
B. multiplication and subtraction
C. multiplication and division
D. division and subtraction

7. Write the number sentence for the hidden question.

_____________________

8. How many paper plates were left?

A. 229
B. 239
C. 249
D. 259
9. Mario does 124 sit-ups a day for 6 days, while Paul does 152 sit-ups
a day for 4 days. Find the total sit-ups of the two boys.
A. 1352
B. 1342
C. 1332
D. 1322

Appliances SALE!
Washing Machine : Php 11,600
DVD Player : Php 3, 875

10. Aling Tina bought a washing machine and two DVD players. How
much change did she receive from her Php 20, 000?

A. Php 650
B. Php 550
C. Php 450
D. Php 350

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Solve:
1. Alfred had 8 sets of colored pencils. Each set contains 36 colored
pencils. If he gave 28 colored pencils to his friends, how many
colored pencils were left?

2. Robert has 480 bricks to be placed in front of their new house. He

need to arrange it in columns with 27 bricks on it. He is arranging
the 352nd bricks when his friends arrived. In what column is he
now?

Congratulations on finishing the whole module!!!

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 24
What I Know Lesson 2 What I Have Learned
1. B 1. Understand
2. C What’s In 2. Plan
3. A 1. Total number of bottles 3. Solve
2. First day – 390 bottles 4. Check and Look back
4. B
2nd day – 790 bottles
5. A 3rd day – 790 x 2 What I Can Do
6. A 3. Multiplication and addition 2,729 glasses
7. B 4. 390 + 790 + (790 x 2) = n
8. B 5. 390 + 790 + 1,580 = 2,760 Additional Activities
9. Mang Sidro 6. 2,760 bottles 1. 260 colored pencils
10. B 2. 14th column
What’s New
1. PhP25, PhP 7 Assessment
Lesson 1
2. 2 sandwiches 1. D
3. PhP 57 2. C
What’s In
3. D
1. The number of candies
What I Can Do 4. A
they wrap in 48 hrs.
PhP 215 5. 12 boxes, 36 plates in a box
2. 950 candies, 48 hours
173 paper plates used
3. Multiplication
Lesson 3 6. B
4. PhP 950 x 48 = PhP
7. 12 x 36 = n
45,600
What’s In 8. D
5. PhP 45,600
Yes 9. A
10. A
What’s New
What I Can Do
1. Rose and her friend
18th column
2. Total number of
stamp
Lesson 3
3. Stamps
4. 1,899
What’s New
5. Yes
1. The money she spend in a year
6. Yes
2. ₱825 per month, 1 year
3. Multiplication
What’s More
4. 825 x 12 = n
a. The total cost of
5. ₱9,900
orders
b. The cost of 2 orders
spaghetti and 2
Lesson 4
orders pineapple
juice
What’s New
c. Spaghetti – 25,
1. Number of kilograms of mango
pineapple juice - 10
sold in a month
d. Multiplication and
Number of kilogram of rambutan
addition
sold in a month
e. (2 x 25) + (2 x 10) =
The total number of kilograms of
n
fruits sold in a month
f. 50 + 20 = 70
2. Number of weeks in a month
g. PhP 70
3. PhP 275 kg in a week
4. Multiplication and addition
What I have Learned
5. (275 x 4) + (350 x 4) = n
1. Understand
6. 275 x 4 = PhP 1,100
2. Plan
7. 350 x 4 = PhP 1,400
3. Solve
8. PhP 1,100 + PhP 1,400 = PhP
4. Check and Look Back
2,500
What I Can Do
What’s More
1. PhP 240
1. D
2. 456 hangers
2. B