Renewable Energy Policy

and
Biomass Energy Status
By:

RUBY B. DE GUZMAN
OIC-Chief
Biomass Energy Management Division
Renewable Energy Management Bureau
Department of Energy
 Outline of Presentation

• Brief History of Renewable Energy Development in

the Philippines
• Challenges and Barriers
• Enactment of Landmark Laws
• Policy Directions and Mechanisms
• Where are we now
• Renewable Energy Resource Assessment
• The Way Forward
DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Outline of Presentation
• Biomass Resources and Classification
• Biomass Resource Assessment and Potentials
• Biomass Utilization and Technologies
• BEMD Technical Evaluation
– Activities for Operating Contract (based on WFP)
• Status of Biomass Projects in the Philippines
– Approved BREOCs (existing/non-existing)
– Awarded Accreditation/Registration; existing/non-
existing facilities
DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Renewable Energy

omas / ofuels
eothermal

olar Power
ydropower
cean
ind Power

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Brief History
• Hydropower Development
– Started in the early 1900’s for electricity generation and
non-power applications (e.g.,millings), in rural communities
– Government initiated commercial development of
hydropower resources thru the National Power
Corporation and the National Electrification Administration
– Promulgation of Republic Act No. 7156 which provided full
private sector development of mini-hydropower resources
(up to 10 MW) in 1991
– Private Sector participation thru Build-Operate-Transfer
Scheme of large hydropower projects in mid 1990’s

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Brief History
• Geothermal Power Generation
– Government laid the foundation for
commercial utilization of geothermal
energy between 1952 to late 1960’s thru
studies and inventories of geothermal
activities
– Historic lighting of several electric bulbs
on April 12, 1967 in Southern Luzon
– First commercial geothermal power
generation with a 3-MWe power plant in
Negros Island in July 1977
– By the end of 1983, a total of 896-Mwe of
geothermal installed capacity was The 1.5 Mw Pilot Plant at Negros Occidental
installed in 1977
developed
– Build-Operate-Transfer Legislation
(Republic Act No. 6957) allowed private
sector development of geothermal
facilities
DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Brief History
• Solar, Wind and Ocean Energy
– Solar PV systems were introduced in the country in rural
electrification program in late 1980’s
– Private sector exploration, development, utilization and
commercialization for power generation and other uses
was initiated under Executive Order No. 462, as amended
by Executive Order No. 232 in mid-1990
– First Wind Farm in Northern Luzon at 33 MW capacity was
installed in 2005 (initially at 25 MW)
– First grid-connected solar PV Farm at 1-MWe capacity was
completed in 2008.

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
33MW Northwind Power 1MWe CEPALCO Solar Power
Project Farm
(Bangui, Ilocos Norte) (Cagayan de Oro City)

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Challenges and Barriers

• High upfront and technology costs

• Non-competitiveness
• Non-viable markets
• Inaccessible Financial Packages
• Social Acceptability

To address these barriers, the Government promulgated landmark Laws to

accelerate development of renewable energy resources.

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Enactment of Landmark Laws

Republic Acts Nos.

(RA) 9367 and 9513

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 R. A. No. 9367: The Biofuels Act of 2006

Provide fiscal incentives and

mandate the use of biofuel-
blended gasoline and diesel fuels

BIODIESEL
 2008 consumption of 91 million liters (CME)
 1% biodiesel blend sold in all gasoline stations
 2% biodiesel blend by Feb. 6, 2009
BIOETHANOL
 Start of 5% by total volume mandate on Feb. 6,
2009
 10% bioethanol blend to all gasoline on Feb. 6,
2012

11 DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOFUELS MANDATE IMPLEMENTATION
• BIODIESEL • BIOETHANOL

Minimum Blends: Minimum Blends:

@ 1% (2007) = 62.10 M liters @ 5% (2009) = 208.11 M liters
@ 2% (2009) = 133.68 M liters @ 5% (2010) = 218.93 M liters
@ 2% (2010) = 138.70 M liters @ 10% (2011) = 460.63 M liters
@ 10% (2014) = 536.29 M liters
@ 2% (2014) = 160.70 M liters
Bioethanol Supply:
Biodiesel Supply: • 3 Accredited Producers with annual total
• 9 Accredited Producers with annual capacity of about 79 million liters
total capacity of 392 million liters • 3 production facilities to be on-stream
between 2012-2013 with additional
Feedstock used: capacity of 134 million liters/year
• Coconut oil (current) Feedstock used:
• Jatropha ( under study) • Sugar Cane, Molasses (current)
• Sweet sorghum, cassava ( under study)

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
R. A. No. 9513: The Renewable Energy Act
of 2008

Accelerate the development of the country’s renewable energy

resources by providing fiscal and non-fiscal incentives to private sector
investors and equipment manufacturers / suppliers.

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Policy Implementation

 Establishment of the Renewable Energy Management Bureau

 DOE’s lead unit in the implementation of the Acts
 Operationalized on 14 July 2009
 Creation of the Interim Negotiating Panel for RE Service / Operating Contracts on 09
September 2009

 Creation of the National Renewable Energy Board

 Created Sub-committees and working groups to facilitate the formulation of mechanisms,
rules and guidelines on the ffg.:
 Renewable Portfolio Standard / Feed In Tariff
 Net Metering
 Green Energy Option
 Renewable Energy Trust Fund

 Creation of the National Biofuels Board

 Formulated the National Biofuels Program
 Promulgated the Joint Administer Order providing guidelines for the production,
transportation, storage, and handling of biofuels in the country.

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Policy Directions

 Accelerate the exploration and development of renewable energy

resources
 achieve energy self-reliance
 to reduce the country’s dependence on fossil fuels
 minimize the country’s exposure to price fluctuations

 adoption of clean energy to mitigate climate change

 promote socio-economic development in rural areas
 Increase the utilization of renewable energy by providing fiscal and
non fiscal incentives;

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Policy Mechanisms
 Lowering of investment costs
 Fiscal Incentives
 Income Tax Holiday and Low Income Tax Rate
 Reduced Government Share
 Duty-free Importation of Equipment and VAT-zero
Rating
 Tax Credit on Domestic Capital Equipment
 Special Realty Tax Rate on Equipment and
Machinery
 Cash Incentive for Missionary Electrification
 Exemption from Universal Charge
 Payment of Transmission Charges
 Tax Exemption on Carbon Credits
DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Policy Mechanisms
 Enhanced Competitiveness
 Mandatory Utilization of RE Resources
 Biofuels Mandate
 Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS)
 Feed-In Tariff (FIT)
 Provision of Interconnection / Ancillary
Services
 Other Market Options
 Net Metering Concept
 Green Energy Option
DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Renewable Energy Outlook, 2011 – 2030
under the

“National Renewable Energy Program”

Target additional
Consolidated Milestones geothermal capacity of
1,495 MW is reached
2011 2025
2015 2020 2027 2030
Promulgation of
remaining policy
Target additional hydro Target additional
mechanisms, rules
capacity of 5,408 MW is solar capacity of
under the RE Law
reached by 2025 284.05 MW is
completed by end-
reached by 2030
2011
Target additional 1st Ocean Target additional wind Target ocean
biomass capacity Energy facility capacity of 2,469 MW is power capacity
of 264.7 MW is operational reached by 2022 of 10 MW is
reached reached by 2030

Implementation of Sectoral Sub-Programs and the Policy and Program Support Component

Mandatory E10 B10 and E20 by

Mandatory B5 B20 and E85
to all 2020
to all by 2025
Gasoline by
2012 Diesel by 2015

7,638.2 MW
by 2015 12,775.9 15,204.7 MW 15,319 MW
MW by 2020 by 2025 by 2030
Existing RE
capacity, 2010:
5,369 MW
Targeted RE-based Installed Capacity

Note: The National Renewable Energy Program (NREP) is a live document and will be subjected to public
consultations. Figures presented may change based on regular updates of the NREP. DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Government Policy

National Renewable Energy Program

 Increase RE-based capacity by 200% within the next 20 years (2011-2030)

 Increase non-power contribution of RE to the energy mix by 10 MMBFOE in the next
ten years

 Be the number one geothermal energy producer in the world (additional 1,495
MW)
 Be the number one wind energy producer in Southeast Asia (up to 2,500 MW)
 Double hydro capacity (additional 5,400 MW)
 Expand contribution of;
 biomass - 265 MW
 solar - at least 280 MW
 ocean energy – at least 10 MW

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Where are we now?
2011 Total Primary Energy Supply, in MTOE
Share of RE and Non-RE

40.4 % Renewables

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, 2011

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Where are we now?
RP vs Other ASEAN vs European Union

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Power Generation Mix
2011 2012*
Wind Solar Biomass
0.1% 0.2% 0.0%
Hydro
13.7% Coal
Geothermal 37.0%
14.4%

Natural Gas
29.8%

Oil-based
4.8%

2011 2012
Total Generation (GWh) 69,050 72,340
Shares (%)
Self-sufficiency 60.9 57.5
Renewable Energy 28.4 29.3
Green Energy 58.2 56.4
DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
* Preliminary
Where are we now?

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Where are we now?

As of April 2014

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Updates on RE Policy Mechanisms
Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS)
• Mandatory (percentage) utilization of RE generation
system in on-grid systems
• For Department of Energy’s finalization
Feed-in-Tariff (FIT)
• Priority connection to the grid
• Priority purchase and transmission of and payment for
by grid system operators
• Fixed tariff for 20 years
• To be applied for generation utilized in complying with
RPS
• The FIT Rules was promulgated on August 12, 2010.
• The ERC approved the FIT Rates on July 27, 2012.

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Updates on RE Policy Mechanisms
• Selection of Feed-in-Tariff (FIT) Eligible RE Projects
– The DOE issued Department Circular No. 2013-05-009 dated May 28,
2013, entitled the “Guidelines for the Selection Process of Renewable
Energy Projects Under Feed-in Tariff (FIT) System and the Award of
Certificate for FIT Eligibility”. The Said Circular took effect June 2013
• FIT Allowance - FIT-ALL Payment and Collection Guidelines
– The ERC Approved the Guidelines on December 2013
• The DOE transmitted an amendments of its Certification on
Installation Target from 50 MW to 500 MW for Solar Energy
Generation under the Feed-In Tariff (FIT) System last May 26,
2014 to ERC .

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Updates on RE Policy Mechanisms

Net-Metering Rules and Interconnection Standards

• Connection / sale of customers’ RE generation to the grid
• The ERC approved the Net Metering Rules last May 27, 2013
• Conducting nationwide IEC for LGUs, DUs, consumers
Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) for Missionary Areas
• Mandated minimum percentage of RE generation
• For NREB’s finalization
Green Energy Option Program
• End-users’ option to purchase electricity from RE facilities (open
access)
• For Department of Energy’s finalization

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Feed-In Tariff (FIT) Rates

RE Technology FIT Rate Degression Rate Installation

($/kWh) Target (MW)
Wind 0.5% after 2 years from effectivity 200
0.136
of FIT
Biomass 0.5% after 2 years from effectivity 250
0.153
of FIT
Solar 6% after 1 year from effectivity of 500*
0.198**
FIT
Run-of-River 0.5% after 2 years from effectivity 250
0.224
Hydropower of FIT
Ocean Deferred 10

* Amended solar energy installation target from 50 MW to 500 MW. 1,210 MW

** Under review by the Energy Regulatory Commission, in reference to
its Resolution No. 10, Series of 2012 approving the FIT Rates.

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Where are we now?
RE Resource Assessment
Hydropower Potential Sites- JICA resource inventory result
Locations No. of Sites Potential Capacity (MW)
Luzon 807 16,675.21
Visayas 320 1,409.72
Mindanao 286* 2,514.12
Total 1,413 20,599.05
*Potential sites excludes that of Bulanog Batang and Agus site

USAID Biomass Resource Inventory Result

Locations Potential Power Generation Capacity Potential GHG Emission
net of Competing uses (MW) Reduction (tCO2)
Luzon 2,090.78 MWe 11.01 MtCO2
Visayas 1,512.76 MWe 3.71 MtCO2
Mindanao 843 MWe 2.54 MtCO2

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 The Way Forward
 Implementation of the Feed-In-Tariff (FIT) and Net Metering Systems
 Finalization / Approval of Guidelines on other RE Policy Mechanisms
(Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS), Green Energy Option, etc.)
 Establish Energy Investment Coordinating Center and Linkages with
other Government Regulatory Agencies
 NEDA PPP One-Stop-Shop (DTI / BOI / DOF / BIR, BOC)
 DENR / EMB, FMB, LMB, NSWMC
 NWRB / NCIP
 Resource Inventory and Establishment of RE Database
 Capacity Building / Information, Education and Communication
Campaigns
 Investment Missions / Business Meetings

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Renewable Energy Targets, 2011-2030

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS RESOURCES
Biomass resources (as defined by R.A. 9513) is the non-fossilized,
biodegradable organic material originating from naturally
occurring or cultured plants, animals and micro-organisms,
including agricultural products, by-products and residues
such as, but not limited to, biofuels except corn, soya beans
and rice but including sugarcane and coconut, rice hulls, rice
straws, coconut husks and shells, corn cobs, corn stovers,
bagasse, biodegradable organic fractions of industrial and
municipal wastes that can be used in bioconversion process
and other processes, as well as gases and liquids recovered
from the decomposition and/or extraction of non-fossilized
and biodegradable organic materials.

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
BIOMASS RESOURCES CLASSIFICATION

Agricultural Forest Municipal /

Energy Crops
Wastes Residues Urban Wastes

•Rice hull •Bamboo / Bana • Logs, trunks, • Landfills

• Rice straw Grass / King Grass leaves, chips, etc. • Sewers and
• Bagasse •Plant Oils • Wood residues Sewerage
• Cane trash •2nd generation from saw mills • Biomethanation
• Coconut wastes biofuels
• Corn cob/trash
• Animal wastes

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS RESOURCES IN THE PHILIPPINES*
LUZON VISAYAS MINDANAO
TOP PROVINCES PRODUCING RICE HUSK TOP PROVINCES PRODUCING RICE HUSK TOP PROVINCES PRODUCING RICE HUSK
RANK REGION PROVINCE RANK REGION PROVINCE RANK REGION PROVINCE
1 II Nueva Ecija 1 VI Iloilo 1 XII North Cotabato
2 II Isabela 2 VIII Leyte 2 ARMM Maguindanao
3 I Pangasinan 3 VI Negros Occidental 3 XII Sultan Kudarat
4 II Cagayan 4 VI Capiz 4 XII South Cotabato
5 III Tarlac 5 VI Antique 5 X Bukidnon

TOP PROVINCES PRODUCING CORN TOP PROVINCES PRODUCING CORN TOP PROVINCES PRODUCING CORN
TRASH/COBS TRASH/COBS TRASH/COBS
RANK REGION PROVINCE RANK REGION PROVINCE RANK REGION PROVINCE
1 II Isabela 1 VI Iloilo 1 X Bukidnon
2 II Cagayan 2 VII Cebu 2 ARMM Maguindanao
3 I Pangasinan 3 VI Negros Occidental 3 XII South Cotabato
4 III Tarlac 4 VI Capiz 4 XII North Cotabato
5 V Camarines Norte 5 VII Negros Oriental 5 ARMM Lanao del Sur

TOP REGIONS PRODUCING COCONUT TOP REGIONS PRODUCING COCONUT TOP REGIONS PRODUCING COCONUT
RANK REGION RANK REGION RANK REGION
1 CALABARZON 1 Eastern Visayas 1 Davao Region
2 Bicol 2 Central Visayas 2 ARMM
3 MIMAROPA 3 Western Visayas 3 Northern Mindanao
4 Central Luzon 4 Zamboanga Peninsula
5 Cagayan Valley 5 CARAGA

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
*Reference: 2011 UNDP-CBRED Biomass Resource Assessment of the Philippines
 Volume of Production of Four (4) Major Crops
2013 2012 2011

24,566.42
SUGARCANE 26,395.90
28,376.51

18,439.40
PALAY 18,032.43
MAJOR CROP

16,684.07

7,377.08
CORN 7,406.84
6,791.23

15,344.93
COCONUT 15,862.38
15,244.61

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000

VOLUME OF PRODUCTION (In Thousand Metric Tons)

Source: Department of Agriculture – Bureau of Agricultural Statistics DEPARMENT OF ENERGY

 Inventory of Livestock and Poultry
2013 2012 2011

10,134,884
Duck 10,011,483
10,126,364

166,386,275
Chicken 164,192,253
LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY

162,812,901

11,843,051
Hog 11,863,021
12,303,096

3,694,025
Goat 3,715,228
3,881,503

2,497,908
Cattle 2,493,157
2,518,407

2,912,842
Carabao 2,963,980
3,075,259

0 20,000,000 40,000,000 60,000,000 80,000,000 100,000,000 120,000,000 140,000,000 160,000,000 180,000,000

INVENTORY (In Number of Heads)

Source: Department of Agriculture – Bureau of Agricultural Statistics DEPARMENT OF ENERGY

Projected Solid Waste Generation (2012-2016)
Projected Solid Waste Generation Per Region
SOLID WASTE GENERATION (In Metric Tons Per Day)
REGION
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
I 1,709.17 1,739.54 1,769.90 1,800.27 1,830.64
II 1,100.64 1,120.19 1,139.75 1,159.31 1,178.86
III 3,631.99 3,696.52 3,761.05 3,825.58 3,890.12
IVA 4,145.52 4,219.18 4,292.83 4,366.49 4,440.15
IVB 909.43 925.59 941.74 957.9 974.06
V 1,878.74 1,912.12 1,945.50 1,978.88 2,012.26
VI 2,700.14 2,748.11 2,796.09 2,844.06 2,892.04
VII 2,605.68 2,651.97 2,698.27 2,744.57 2,790.86
VIII 1,479.47 1,505.75 1,532.04 1,558.33 1,584.61
IX 1,391.95 1,416.68 1,441.41 1,466.15 1,490.88
X 1,693.94 1,724.03 1,754.13 1,784.23 1,814.32
XI 1,818.05 1,850.35 1,882.65 1,914.95 1,947.26
XII 1,348.20 1,372.15 1,396.10 1,420.06 1,444.01
XIII 884.69 900.41 916.13 931.85 947.57
CAR 620.64 631.67 642.7 653.72 664.75
NCR 8,601.60 8,754.43 8,907.26 9,060.09 9,212.92
ARMM 907.64 923.76 939.89 956.02 972.14
TOTAL 37,427.49 38,092.45 38,757.44 39,422.46 40,087.45
Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources – Environmental Management Bureau
DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS RESOURCE POTENTIALS
Biomass Resource Assessment for Selected Sites in Luzon, Visayas
and Mindanao
Implemented in partnership with the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID) through its Climate Change and Clean Energy Project
(CEnergy)
Initial Result of the Biomass Resource Assessment

Estimated CO2
Potential Power
Major Island Group Generation Capacity Emission Reduced
(MW)
(Million Tons )
Luzon 2,093.78 11
Visayas 1,512.76 3.71
Mindanao 843 2.54
TOTAL 4,449.54 17.25

NOTE: DOE has reservations on the potential power generation identified for Visayas since it seems to include a large portion of potential energy
generation arising from energy efficiency from the sugar mills, which is not really the objective of the study. As such, once final review is done, the total
number may go down.
DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF BIOMASS
UTILIZATION
Potential benefits of biomass
utilization include:

 Reducing carbon emissions if

managed (produced, transported,
used) in a sustainable manner
 Reducing the problem on wastes
 Enhancing energy security by
diversifying energy sources and
utilizing local resources
 Possible additional revenues for the
agricultural sector
DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS UTILIZATION
Biomass

Biological/Chemical Conversion Gasification Combustion/Direct Firing or Co-firing

Biodiesel Bioethanol Methane Synthetic/Biogas Steam By -product

Fuel

Power Heating

Transport

By-products Agriculture

Pharmaceuticals
DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS TECHNOLOGIES

TECHNOLOGY OPENS DOORS

An increase in the use of biomass is very much due to the major advances being
made in biomass technology. The development of more reliable plants, optimized
pre-processing and combustion methods have improved utilization rates, and
research into the possibilities of generating energy from biofuels has yielded results
which are promising in the future.

 COMBUSTION
 COMBINED HEAT & POWER  PYROLYSIS
 CO-FIRING  CARBONIZATION
 GASIFICATION  WASTE-TO-ENERGY

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS TECHNOLOGIES
 COMBUSTION

 Combustion – is an exothermic chemical reaction accompanied by large heat

generation and luminescence, and is a phenomenon in which the reaction is
spontaneously continued by the heat generated by the reaction.
The combustion of biomass is the simplest use of biomass to obtain
heat and is widely used.

Most electricity generated from biomass is produced by

direct combustion using conventional boilers. These
biomass boilers primarily burn rice husks, sugarcane
bagasse and other agricultural wastes. Combustion
happens inside the furnace. The boiler produces steam,
which spins a turbine. The spinning turbine then activates
a generator that produces electricity.

Boiler furnace

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
BIOMASS TECHNOLOGIES

Combustion Method

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Ricehull Cookstove

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Ricehull Cookstove

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Ricehull Cookstove

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Fuelwood Cookstove

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Fuelwood Cookstove

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Fuelwood Cookstove

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Fuelwood Cookstove

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Charcoal/Briquette Cookstove

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Charcoal Cookstove

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS TECHNOLOGIES
 COMBINED HEAT AND POWER

 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) - production of electricity and heat from
one energy source.

Outline flow diagram of a small CHP using woody biomass

Central Azucarera dela

Carlota, Inc. (CACI) in Negros CHP has the advantage of improving
Occidental uses CHP or energy conversion efficiency.
Cogeneration Technology

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS TECHNOLOGIES
 GASIFICATION
- is a process used to convert biomass solid raw material into fuel gas. This is achieved
by reacting the material at high temperatures (>700°C), without combustion, with a
controlled amount of oxygen and/or steam. The resulting gas mixture is
called synthesis (from synthesis gas or synthetic gas) or producer and is itself a fuel.

1 MWTH Gasification Plant in Syngas engine-generator in Batangas

Cavite

Fixed-Bed Gasifier

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS TECHNOLOGIES
 PYROLYSIS
- is a thermochemical decomposition of organic material at elevated temperatures
without the participation of oxygen. It involves the simultaneous change of
chemical composition and physical phase, and is irreversible. The word is coined
from the Greek derived elements pyr "fire" and lysis "separating".

Biomass is consistently made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The photosynthesis

and pyrolysis can be simply described as the following formulas:

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS TECHNOLOGIES
 PYROLYSIS

Composition changing during pyrolysis

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS TECHNOLOGIES
 CARBONIZATION
is the method or technology used to obtain
charcoal as the main product by heating such
solid biomass as wood, bark, bamboo, rice husks,
etc. at 400-600 C in the almost or complete
absence of air or oxygen.

Carbonization customarily means charcoal making,

although it is the general term including dry distillation.

Continuous carbonization of a mixture of pine bark

and sawdust by Tech-Air pyrolysis system

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS TECHNOLOGIES

 WASTE-TO-ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
refer to the systems which converts biodegradable materials such as but not
limited to animal manure or agricultural waste, into useful energy through
processes such as anaerobic digestion, fermentation and gasification among
others.

Anaerobic Digestion or Methane Capture/Recovery - is a common technology

used to convert organic waste to electricity or heat. In anaerobic digestion,
organic matter is decomposed by bacteria in the absence of oxygen to
produce methane and other byproducts that form a renewable natural gas.

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS TECHNOLOGIES

 WASTE-TO-ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

Methane Recovery in Landfills

4 MW San Pedro Landfill Methane Recovery and Power Generation Plant

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS TECHNOLOGIES
 WASTE-TO-ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
Biogasification - a technology for recovering methane from organic matter
using an anaerobic reactor.

Tube bag digester

HBC’s Covered In-Ground Anaerobic Reactor

(CIGAR) - swine manure is utilized for biogas Process Flow
production

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Balloon-type digester

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Biogas Stove/Burner

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOMASS TECHNOLOGIES
 WASTE-TO-ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

Thermal Conversion - is a mix of gasification, pyrolysis and the use of high

temperature melting/vitrification that cause chemical changes to take place
to the waste material in the thermal converter. It utilizes municipal solid
waste (MSW) as feedstock.

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOFUEL TECHNOLOGIES
 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION

COCONUT, OIL METHANOL

PALM, BLENDING WITH
SHREDDING
RAPESEED, ESTERIFICATION AUTOMOTIVE
EXTRACTION
SUNFLOWER, & PURIFICATION DIESEL,
PURIFICATION
SOYBEAN, DISTRIBUTION
ETC. VEGETABLE OIL

 BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION

SUGAR
SUGARCANE,
PREPARATION
SUGARBEET,
BLENDING WITH
SWEET
ETHANOL PURIFICATION GASOLINE,
SORGHUM,
DISTRIBUTION
CASSAVA
FERMENTATION &
ETC.
PURIFICATION

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 BIOFUEL REQUIREMENTS
BIODIESEL BIOETHANOL
MINIMUM BLENDS: MINIMUM BLENDS:
 @ 2% (2014) = 143.54 M liters  @ 10% (2014) = 536.29 M liters
 @ 5% (2015) = 367.15 M liters  @ 20% (2020) = 860.36 M liters
 @ 10% (2020) = 792.34 M liters  @ 20% (2030) = 1,010.45 M Liters
 @ 20% (2030) = 1,806.14 M Liters
BIOETHANOL SUPPLY:
BIODIESEL SUPPLY:  5 Accredited Producers with annual total
 11 Accredited Producers with annual total capacity of about 163 million liters
capacity of 584.90 million liters  4 production facilities to be on-stream
beginning 2014 with additional capacity of
FEEDSTOCKS USED: 128 million liters/year
 Coconut oil (current) FEEDSTOCKS USED:
 Jatropha, waste vegetable oil, micro algae
(under study)  Sugar Cane & Molasses (current)
 Sweet sorghum, cassava, macro-algae (under
study)

Biodiesel/Bioethanol blend targets based on 2011-2030 NREP DEPARMENT OF ENERGY

 BEMD Technical Evaluation
 Evaluation of Feasibility Study
 Desk Technical Evaluation
 Evaluation of Work and Financial Program
 See checklist of requirements (updated)

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Biomass feasibility study
Basic Contents
 Project Summary
 Project Site
 Project location map and technical description (in geographic coordinates)
 Map showing power plant site, power substation & feedstock source
 General plant layout
 Site development plan (estimated area to complete the whole installation)
 Feedstock Supply/Sustainability
 Sources of feedstock (GIS)
 Procurement system
 Feedstock Consolidation Program
 Delivery system including trans loading stations

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 TYPICAL BIOMASS FEEDSTOCK REQUIREMENT

ESTIMATED FEEDSTOCK REQUIREMENT

PER YEAR

 Rice Hull – 8,150 MT/MW

Rice Hull
 Coconut Husk – 7,372 MT/MW

 Corn Cobs – 6,378 MT/MW

 Sugarcane Bagasse – 6,823 MT/MW

Sugarcane Bagasse  Sugarcane Trash - 7,000MT/MW

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Biomass feasibility study
Continuation….Basic Contents
 Electricity Sale
 Projected energy production and sales schedule
 PPA/ESA/PSA (optional)
 FIT System

 Project Development and Implementation Process

 Development
 Financial Close
 Construction
 Implementation

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Biomass feasibility study
Continuation….Basic Contents
 Technology
 Description of power generation system to be installed
 Summary of technical specification of the system including mass and
energy balance
 Electricity interconnection

 Environmental Issues
 Environmental regulations
 Pollution control devices
 Wastes generation & disposal plan (ash, wastewater, surplus
materials during construction, other auxiliary wastes)

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Biomass feasibility study
Continuation….Basic Contents
 Detailed Design, Engineering & Construction
 Detailed technical specifications
 Conceptual design engineering
 Selection of EPC contractor
 Construction plan/contract

 Operation
 Annual plant operating hours and lifetime
 Operation and maintenance of the plant
 Manpower and skills requirements
 Annual feedstock supply/requirement
 Transportation/storage of feedstock
DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Biomass feasibility study
Continuation….Basic Contents
 Financing Plans
 Financing sources
 Schedule of financing
 Source of funds
 Debt/Equity
 Assumptions for financial analysis
 General description of the power plant
 Typical operating characteristics

 Project Implementation Schedule (Work Program)

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Biomass feasibility study
Continuation….Basic Contents
 Clean Development Mechanism

 Risk Mitigation
 Principal contracts
 Technology for the power plant
 Fuel supply
 Environmental risk

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Renewable Energy Targets, 2011-2030

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 STATUS OF BIOMASS AND BIOFUEL PROJECTS
BIOMASS PROJECTS (UNDER RA 9513)
POTENTIAL CAPACITY INSTALLED CAPACITY
AWARDED PROJECTS
(in MW) (in MW)
Grid-Use Own-Use Grid-Use Own-Use Grid-Use Own-Use
41 24 310.45 3.30 143.80 143.18

BIOFUEL PROJECTS (under RA 9637)

NO. OF COMPANIES NO. OF PLANTS/PROJECTS

Bioethanol 9 9
Biodiesel 11 11
TOTAL 20 20

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Registered Biomass Plants/Projects in Luzon
POTENTIAL INSTALLED
RE DEVELOPER PROJECT TYPE TECHNOLOGY
CAPACITY (MW) CAPACITY (MW)
1 Bataan 2020, Inc. - 12.50 Commercial Combustion

2 Bicol Biomass Energy Corporation 3.5 - Commercial Combustion

3 Cagayan Biomass Energy Corporation 12 - Commercial Combustion

4 Green Future Innovations, Inc. - 16 Commercial Combustion

5 Green Innovations For Tomorrow Corporation 12 - Commercial Combustion

6 Green Power Nueva Ecija Phils., Inc. 17.5 - Commercial Combustion

7 Isabela Biomass Energy Corporation 20 - Commercial Combustion

8 San Jose City I Power Corporation 24 - Commercial Combustion

9 Serin Corporation 10 - Commercial Combustion

10 SurePEP, Inc. 1 - Commercial Combustion

11 CJ Global Green Energy Philippines Corporation 20 - Commercial Gasification

12 EcoMarketSolutions, Inc. 0.25 0.25 Commercial Gasification

13 EcoMarketSolutions, Inc. 1.5 - Commercial Gasification

14 Lucky PPH International, Inc. - 3.6 Commercial Gasification

15 V. M. Agbayani Rice Mill 0.4 - Commercial Gasification

Sub Total 122.15 32.35

1 Central Azucarera de Tarlac - 9.5 Own Use Combined Heat and Power

2 Central Azucarera Don Pedro, Inc. - 25.52 Own Use Combined Heat and Power

3 Sweet Crystals Integrated Sugar Mill Corporation - 2.8 Own Use Combined Heat and Power

4 Sweet Crystals Integrated Sugar Mill Corporation - 2.5 Own Use Combined Heat and Power

5 Mackay Green Energy, Inc. - 0.25 Own Use Combustion

6 Bayanihan Feed Products 2.25 - Own Use Gasification

Sub Total 2.25 40.57

TOTAL 124.4 72.92 DEPARMENT OF ENERGY

Registered Biomass Plants/Projects in Visayas
POTENTIAL INSTALLED
RE DEVELOPER CAPACITY CAPACITY PROJECT TYPE TECHNOLOGY
(MW) (MW)
1 Central Azucarera de San Antonio - 15 Commercial Combined Heat and Power
2 First Farmers Holding Corporation - 21 Commercial Combined Heat and Power
3 Hawaiian-Philippine Company - 8 Commercial Combined Heat and Power
4 San Carlos Bioenergy, Inc. - 8 Commercial Combined Heat and Power
5 Victorias Milling Company - 18 Commercial Combined Heat and Power
6 Green Power Panay Phils., Inc. 35 - Commercial Combustion
7 San Carlos Biopower, Inc. 20 - Commercial Combustion
8 Universal Robina Corporation 46 - Commercial Combustion
9 South Negros Biopower, Inc. 25 Commercial Combustion
Sub Total 126.00 70.00
1 Binalbagan-Isabela Sugar Milling Company, Inc. - 19.5 Own Use Combined Heat and Power
2 Capiz Sugar Central, Inc. - 5.8 Own Use Combined Heat and Power
3 Central Azucarera de La Carlota - 10 Own Use Combined Heat and Power
4 HIDECO Sugar Milling Co., Inc. - 11 Own Use Combined Heat and Power
5 Lopez Sugar Corporation - 10 Own Use Combined Heat and Power
6 Roxol Bioenergy Corporation - 4 Own Use Combined Heat and Power
7 Sagay Central, Inc. - 4.2 Own Use Combined Heat and Power
8 Universal Robina Corporation - 9.4 Own Use Combined Heat and Power
9 Universal Robina Corporation - 2.75 Own Use Combined Heat and Power
Sub Total 0 76.65
TOTAL 126.00 146.65 DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Registered Biomass Plants/Projects in Mindanao
POTENTIAL INSTALLED
RE DEVELOPER CAPACITY CAPACITY PROJECT TYPE TECHNOLOGY
(MW) (MW)
1 Crystal Sugar Company, Inc. - 21 Commercial Combined Heat and Power

2 Philippine Trade Center, Inc. - 3 Commercial Combined Heat and Power

3 Don Carlos Bio-Energy Corporation 10 - Commercial Combustion

4 Kalilangan Bio-Energy Corporation 10 - Commercial Combustion

5 Lamsan Power Corporation 15 - Commercial Combustion

6 Malaybalay Bio-Energy Corporation 10 - Commercial Combustion

7 Misamis Oriental Bio-Energy Corporation 12 - Commercial Combustion

Sub Total 57 24

1 BUSCO Sugar Milling Co., Inc. - 24.4 Own Use Combined Heat and Power

Sub Total 0 24.4

TOTAL 57 48.4

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Existing Facilities:

Registered
Biodiesel Producers
Location Capacity
(Awarded)
(in million liters)

Chemrez Technologies Quezon City 90

Mt. Holly Coco Industrial Co., Ltd. Quezon 60
Pure Essence International, Inc. Pasig City 72
Golden Asian Oil International, Inc. Pasig City 60
Bioenergy 8 Corporation Davao City 30
Tantuco Enterprises Quezon 60
Phil. Biochem Products, Inc. Muntinlupa City 80
Freyvonne Milling Services Davao City 15.6
JNJ Oleochemicals, Inc. Quezon 63.3
Phoenix Petroleum Philippines, Inc. Misamis Oriental 24
Econergy Corporation Gen. Santos City 30
TOTAL 584.9

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Existing Facilities:

Bioethanol Producers Registered Capacity

Location
(Awarded) (in million liters)

Green Future Innovations, Inc. Isabela 54

San Carlos Bioenergy, Inc. Negros Occidental 40
Roxol Bioenergy Corporation Negros Occidental 30
Leyte Agri Corporation Ormoc, Leyte 9
Balayan Distillery Inc. Calaca, Batangas 30
TOTAL 163

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Non-Existing Facilities:

Annual Production
Bioethanol Producers
Project Location Capacity
(Registration with Notice to Proceed)
(in million liters)

Cavite Biofuels Producers, Inc. Magallanes, Cavite 38

Canlaon Alcogreen Agro Industrial Bago City, Negros
Corporation Occidental 45
Universal Robina Corporation
Bais, Negros Oriental 30
Far East Alcohol Corporation Apalit, Pampanga 15
TOTAL 128

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
 Summary of Registered Biogas Plants/Projects
GRID USE OWN USE
LOCATION
POTENTIAL INSTALLED POTENTIAL INSTALLED
CAPACITY (MW) CAPACITY (MW) CAPACITY (MW) CAPACITY (MW)

1 LUZON 1.00 24.25 0.80 1.00

2 VISAYAS 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.56

3 MINDANAO 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00

TOTAL 5.00 24.25 1.05 1.56

Note: Including Biogas Plants/Projects from Municipal Solid Wastes

BEI’s 4 MW Landfill Gas Recovery and HBC’s G.E. Jenbacher Gas Engines HBC’s Covered In-Ground Anaerobic
Power Generation Plant Reactor (CIGAR) - swine manure is utilized
for biogas production

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Biogas from Animal Waste
POTENTIAL CAPACITY INSTALLED CAPACITY
RE DEVELOPER PROJECT TYPE LOCATION
(MW) (MW)

1 Hacienda Bio-Energy, Inc. - 0.90 Commercial Luzon

2 Solutions Using Renewable Energy, Inc. - 0.20 Commercial Luzon

3 Solutions Using Renewable Energy, Inc. - 0.15 Commercial Luzon

4 Sage Equipment and Consulting Group, Inc. 1 - Commercial Luzon

Sub Total 1 1.25

1 Asia Goldenstar Dragon, Inc. 0.50 - Own Use Luzon

2 Cavite Pig City, Inc. - 1 Own Use Luzon

3 JTM Industrial Farms 0.30 - Own Use Luzon

4 Marcela Farms, Inc. - 0.56 Own Use Visayas

Sub Total 0.8 1.56

TOTAL 1.8 2.81

Biogas from Food Waste

POTENTIAL CAPACITY INSTALLED CAPACITY
RE DEVELOPER PROJECT TYPE PROJECT TYPE
(MW) (MW)

1 Amley Natural Energy Corporation 0.25 - Own Use Mindanao

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
Biogas from Municipal Solid Wastes
POTENTIAL CAPACITY INSTALLED CAPACITY
RE DEVELOPER PROJECT TYPE PROJECT TYPE
(MW) (MW)

1 Bacavalley Energy, Inc. - 4 Commercial Luzon

2 Montalban Methane Power Corporation - 14.80 Commercial Luzon

3 Pangea Green Energy Philippines - 1.20 Commercial Luzon

4 Asian Energysystems Corporation 4 - Commercial Visayas

TOTAL 4 20

Biogas from Distillery Wastes

POTENTIAL CAPACITY INSTALLED CAPACITY
RE DEVELOPER PROJECT TYPE PROJECT TYPE
(MW) (MW)

1 Green Future Innovations, Inc. - 3 Commercial Luzon

DEPARMENT OF ENERGY
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DEPARMENT OF ENERGY