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How to Calculate AWS D1.1 Indication

Rating?
Published on September 20, 2019

Chandrashekhar Thiramdas 4 articles Follow

Welding Inspector and NDT Specialist at Teekay

Indication Rating

The “Indication Rating (d)” is the algebraic difference in decibels (dB) between the
Indication Level and the Reference Level with Correction for Attenuation as indicated in
the following expressions:

Instruments with gain in dB:

Indication Rating => d = a - b - c

Where,

d = Indication Rating (dB)

a = Discontinuity Indication Level (dB)

b = Zero Reference Level (dB) Messaging

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c = Attenuation factor (dB) Try Premium Free
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Zero Reference Level "b"

The transducer shall be placed in

the position shown and the signal
amplitude from the hole (Ø1.5
mm) will be maximized.

Adjust the dB in order to obtain a

signal from 40 to 60% Full-Screen
Height (FSH). This will be used as
the Reference Level “b”.

Discontinuity Indication Level "a"

When a discontinuity indication appears on the screen, the maximum attainable indication
from the discontinuity shall be adjusted to produce a horizontal reference level trace
deflection on the screen.

The adjustment shall be made with the calibrated gain control (attenuator), and the
instrument reading in decibels shall be used as the “Indication Level "a”.

Increase or decrease the dB until the screen

height from the discontinuity is equal to the
reference level. Record the dB under
Indication Level "a"

Attenuation Factor "c"

U. S. Customary Units => The “Attenuation Factor, c” shall be attained by subtracting

1 in. from the sound – path distance and multiplying the remainder by 2.

SI Units => The “Attenuation Factor, c” shall be attained by subtracting 25 mm from the
sound – path distance and multiplying the remainder by 0.08.

Inch to SI System Conversion [2 becomes 0.08 when units changed from U.S. Customary
to SI]

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=> 1 mm = 1/25 inch = 0.04 inch

Multiplying the remainder by 2

=> 2 * 1 mm = 2 * 0.04 = 0.08

Example (U. S. Customary Units)

If Discontinuity Beam Path = 4 inch

=> Attenuation Factor, c (dB) = [Beam Path - 1 inch] x 2 = [4 inch - 1 inch] x 2 = 3 x 2 = 6

dB

Example (SI Units)

If Discontinuity Beam Path = 100 mm

=> Attenuation Factor, c (dB) = [Beam Path - 25 mm] x 0.08 = [100 - 25] x 0.08 = 75 x
0.08 = 6 dB

It is Always a Whole Number

Attenuation number will be rounded to the nearest whole number.

If the number is less than 0.5 dB it will be lowered to the nearest whole number.

If the number is 0.5 dB or greater, it will be increased to the nearest whole number.

Example - 1 (U. S. Customary Units)

If Discontinuity Beam Path = 1.9 inch

=> Attenuation Factor, c (dB) = [Beam Path - 1 inch] x 2 = [1.9 inch - 1 inch] x 2 = 0.9 x 2 =
1.8 dB

=> Hence the Attenuation Factor, c (dB) ~ 2 dB (Rounded to the nearest whole number ~ 2)

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Example - 2 (U. S. Customary Units)

If Discontinuity Beam Path = 4.1 inch

=> Attenuation Factor, c (dB) = [Beam Path - 1 inch] x 2 = [4.1 inch - 1 inch] x 2 = 3.1 x 2 =
6.2 dB

=> Hence the Attenuation Factor, c (dB) ~ 6 dB (Rounded to the nearest whole number ~ 6)

References

1. AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2015 => Structural Welding Code - Steel

2. Internet Resources

For more information/questions, Please Contact:

✉Email: [email protected]

"Sometimes I win, Sometimes I learn"

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Gobivenkata Krishnan Narayanan Gopalakris • 2nd 11mo

Technical Specialist at Stork A Flour Company

Good Topic!!
Thanks for sharing!!

· 1 Like · 1 Reply

Chandrashekhar Thiramdas • 2nd 11mo

Welding Inspector and NDT Specialist at Teekay

If anything missing or mistakes found, suggest to update further

· 1 Like

Sandipan Ghorai • 2nd 4mo

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Thanks

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Chandrashekhar Thiramdas
Welding Inspector and NDT Specialist at Teekay

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