EE 5360

D ata Communi cati ons Engineering

Exam#2
Spring 2010

Student name: Soluhon

SN #:

March 31,2010

The University of Texas at Arlington

Problem l. (25%\ Z ' 5 7a i nJ
s

(1) The telephone line has 4-KHz bandwidth. What is the maximum number of bits we can send using each of
the following techniques? [Assume d: 1 and Lf = 4KHz] 5= C*J)"s =- Q*J) x E-
^=ei|-)
(a)ASK ,r=\.fl.?=f vt.x {v^t;t:}l:2K'bPs
) N= fd'
(b) FSK

(c)QPSK rI=-logrt{ .n.N = x!* o (rt Krtl) * L1 k"bPs

= &

(d)64-QAM .r,-f r "da,l I guslx,2-K'b1'5

, /V:|e,,,;disar
4-=logr(,1 : 6 '-J
(2) A corporation has a transmission medium with a l-MHz bandwidth (lowpass). The corporation needs to
create 10 separate independent channels each capable of sending at least tf trrtUps. The company has decided to
use the most efficient QAM technology. What is the minimum number of bits per baud for each charurel? What
is the number of points in the constellation diagram for each channel? [Assume d: 0] 5 p-; .i'15
B^nJo,J/-A {b,? a-.a,aA J*nr*/ = / MB /lo = /oo /< /13'

E;0rJ).(*)r'v l* A".s

ha of /.ro/s l= Q,n=d/o=/oAY
tlun^J /ozq- qAH A-'s
(3)Findthebandwidthforthefollowingsituationsifweneedtomodulate a3-WIzvoice. (f -S) p.;^'fr
(a) AM
Btn= &x8=;}xg =GkH3

(b) FM (set p = 4)

Brl,l= aQrF)*g* &' Q*V)x 3 = 3olto3

(c) PM (set p = 1.;
Kt13
=
B Pu'=-)6'P)^s= LQ+t)^3
(a) Find the total number of channels in the corresponding band allocated by FCC S po',n h
(a) AM *
*,:ro 5 3a) Kt* il+
f\o of c"Lnn'ls = {T
:*- .- ,-* -. -. ."-
lo k 45
-
(b) FM

no o{"e-Lnrwls E @/l: /oo

&.an K4J
Problem 2. (25%)
(1) We need to use synchronous TDM and combine 20 digital sources, each of 100 Kbps. Each output slot
carries 1 bit from each digital source, but one extra bit is added to each frame for synchronization. Answer the
followingquestions: I o p o''n tt.
(a) What is the size of an output frame in bits?

Fno,tn- tis.: 2.oxl f t :21 bi/ 5

(b) What is the output frame rate?

, Fq'',e rynle- lo@ o,&*/

o"
<."^'-A /^^. c6,ni <s / b,'/' l** e*'e A S&e'tct

(c) What is the duration of an output frame?

Fner*e Ja,ulion= / -__ / ', E /oJ*s*"

Fna*,e -o/e loa"aag
(d) What is the output datarate?

D^l,-n^Js = Qoo)aoo ru*"'/s) x {zt *'dr/ F**1) '-=2'1rut|7s

(e) What is the effrciency of the system (ratio of useful bits to the total bits)?

. cff".i.^u/= zo-= gS/

(/ Al
(2) We have 14 sources, each creating 500 l-byte characters per second. Since only some of these sources are
active at any moment, we use statistical TDM to combine these sources using character interleaving. Each
frame carries 6 slots at a time, but we need to add four-bit addresses to each slot. Answer the following
questions: € go',.*s
(a) What is the size of an output frame in bits?

horn. "iS.- Cx G*t) = 7', trf1 s

L,v 6 )7p li rt& s,
(b) What is the output frame rate? V,lu r tr..s$ *r*tt* 4/*& * e
^n *f //^ se /t;"'tt '
E"--1, {.o^u .o"}g /e onou. {r/r€. *l*.r*o/ofr 7/**, n^r/
&.orv:,e o^ lff * "go,a f^..**,**14* c ,
(c) What is the duration of an output frame?

F,"o,n* J*ro*'on
'vr' = **
- &o*'eony'e
=J_
Soo
(d) What is the output datarate?

,}
Dorlr,Yra#f s fr** f*,"'*s /s* c) x $a L;|s/J^*")
3 qk6ps
r'
(3) Answer the following questions about a T-1 line: Ll po'r n |5

(a) What is the duration of a frame?

T-l line, *enJs Boo*fo*to/S

J / a 5 Js< t
f *n, *, J*o"& 6n 3 $ aoo =

(b) What is the overhead (number of extra bits per second)?

<-at'ztl / c.-s orle qx/n-,., /,'/

E
^..4 f^^t
overtA**J =8ooox/ = 8 K
Lp s

(4) What is the minimum number of bits in a PN sequence if we use FHSS with a channel bandwidth of B :4-
KHz and Spread spectrum bandwidth is 100-KHz? 3 i
7 o ^*s .

/ hops
/ /o--o l<//1 *tF
Mo o l- = '" 1 -'^--t- = ;t 3
L1 k,U<

5H t^1- 6Y 'ry -5 & f "{ 3

5*, l*q ,o J loP-, *t
Problem 3. (25%)
(1) Answer the following questions:

(a) Can a routing table in a datagrarn network have two entries with the same destination address? Explain.

In a datagram network, the destination acldresses are unique. They cannot he

duplicated in the routing table
{ 6 p4*{s7
i

(b) Can a switching table in a virtual-circuit network have two entries with the same input port number? With
the same output port number? With the same incoming VCIs? With the same outgoing VCIs? With the same
incoming values (port, VCI)? With the same outgoing values (port, VCf?

In a virtual-circuit netvtork, the VCIs are locul. A VCI is unique only in

relcrtionship to a port. In other v'ords. the (trtort, VCI) comhination is uniclue.
Thi,c meons {hat we can have hryo entries wilh the sarne input or output ports.
( * yoi-{., )
We can have two enlries with the same V(.'[s. However, we cannol have fivo
entries with lhe same (port, VCI) pair.

(2) Redesign the three-stage, 200*200 switch, using the Clos criteria with a minimum number of crosspoints.
Accordingto Closcriterion: n:(N l2)t'', k>2n-1, andTotalnumberof crosspoints> 4Nl(2N)11'z -\.
Where N is total input lines, n is the input lines for each group, and k is the number of crossbars in the middle
stage. Answer the following questions:

(a) What is the total number of crosspoints for the three-stage switch using the Clos criteria?

Clos, n: : l0 ancl k:2x10 - I :

Accorc{ingto (200/2)t/2 Ig.
[] yov'1, )

,,=,,
"=r* [ ]
M= 200 .=,* N= xtr
"=* [ ]

"=* [ ]"=,,

The totnlnumher o/'uosspoints is 20 (l0xl9) + l9 (20xJ0) + 20(19x10):15200

(b) What is the total number of crosspoints for the single-stage switch?

200x200:10,000 I Syr-,lr )
Problem 4. Q5%)
(1) In the textbook of Chapter 8, we discussed the three communication phases involved in a circuit-switched
network. Match these phases with the phases in a telephone call between two parties.

The setup phase can be matched to the dialing process. After the callee responds,
the data transfbr phase (here voice transfbr phase) slarts. When any of the ( Y ?"'*t )
parties hangs up, the data transJbr is terminated and the teardown phase starts.
It takps a while befbre all resources are released

(2) In the textbook of Chapter 8, we learned that a circuit-switched network needs end-to-end addressing during
the setup and teardown phases. Define end-to-end addressing in a telephone network when two parties
communicate.

In a telephone nely:ork, the telephone nutnbers o.f the caller and callee ure
Cb
serving as source and destination crddreJseJ'. These are used only during the
yar-ls;
setttp (dialing) and teardown (hanging up) phases

(3) What type of topology is used when customers in an area use DSL modems for data transfer purposes?
Explain.

The DSL technolog,t is based on star topoktgy with the hub at the telephone ffice,
The local loop connects each cuslomer to the end oLfice. This meuns that there is
no sharing; the allocctted handwidrh.for euch caslonter is not sharedwith neighbors. v p^^l)
The data rate does nol depend on how many people in the area are transfbrring
dala at the sante time

(4) What type of topology is used when customers in an area use cable modem for data transfer purposes?
Explain.

The cable modem technololyt is basecl on the (or rather tree) toltologt. The ( 6 go;*.],
hus
)
cable is distributed in the area and customers have to share the available bandwidth. !
This means i/'all neighhors try to transfer data, the efJbctive data rate v,ill he
decreased.
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