EE I MADE EASY India Bost Inettube for TES, GATE & PSUs MADE EASY offers high quality courses for ESE and GATE EERE? Civil Engineering Comprehensive Theory with Solved Examples and Practice Questions MERDE ERSSNS ae MADEEASYPublations Capra Oe: A Kl So on Ka eo Ss, Now Bes EOS {oul nonepOaemcrs 1 Cones O21 S77 ‘stun wermasesspblesiono9 Structrt Analyse ‘©copyiht by MADE EASY Pubiatons “Abigs ne reterved, Nop otis publcalen may borenreduced sted ernest ito a evel yen, bared nary ome by any mens (lator. meena. ‘potoopyng, ecaring or amie) whut Pe pr wit pemissan of he abowe ‘menioned puso ls book on2018 Contents ~—- Chapter 1 ‘Stability and indeterminacy. 14 Seppo sem. — 14 20Sappe. 112 20min 113 Dupo 12 yperltendeg 1 sabe isc —. 13 Ove 0b 18 Stel Otemis stderr — 2 15. Salyer ua 152 Sula ndetemirate Src. 16 ape oedetominagy ———— 1) Saicndeminey ——. 2 Begs stinsmascndeminng, 24 Ones Tee Chapter 2 Influence Line Diagram and Rolling Loads 2B eC 22 sles Une Diagom 221 tence ie lr Osten Suvciee 36 2 Wulerbonous ie. a 2A fophesnel tO 25, et Rig ons 251 Sige famed —. 252 Uno Dinedandarget oantne sn 253 Unloeiy Diora ed Sar stan tbeSpan 254 Svs otPontond_———_—— 2 uence Une Dome satay laden ee. Obj etm a Chapter 3 Trusses 32 Casino a 32 subi tases 34 Osteen Tse 25 ahodse Ansari Tes 25. Method is — 25:2 Mathade Salons. 36 Meth apf deters 1 26) Unetradetied 262 Sula thos 7 Detection us ons 2 nus Une Diageo T= Oli i Ft mm Connor GeisChapter 4 Arches 41 dc. M6 42 Compoton deen Cate and eh 6 43 Cenmsonbeveendetoraedachind Bem) 481 Abget Acheron 7 432 Distnapeet chert beim.——— ed 46 atytal Meee Reta 441 TreeHoge Paoli eh Subjeaes oUDL cee, a 442 Tee tnge Sencar ch Sect 0 UL Ete Span. 18 449 Tee Hinge ech ch Saected Coneraestest Cov, —— 444 Tce Hage Fear ith ‘Ao oer es Sabet 1. rene Sn. us 445 Temperate et one ged ihe 0 45 wots Aches 6 AS. Twa tlnged Senter heh Sabet Cooened ends onn 16) 52 Twollnge Sen hes mesobced OU. verte a 453 Two ingo Fence ue Sayed LDL or Enso 0 454 Two Moga sb Ae Sbjeced Concerted end at oan ——— 164 455 Tenpeaeileron orga che 64 455 Reaian Lecanto Twotingee eh ——— 165 6 Thon: chor eet Ach om 6 417 tence tine Dagmar Tee Hinged hes 66 47) NO oraz 4672 uote Beraeg Meret 472 NoorRida Se 424 Noleetrns ha 1a 8 tue ean angst ies a 48) RDFer Ha 201 enna SR 47 Aer Bend Mae mae ww cope Be ees 0 Conair PateeQuesios——__— Chapters External Equilibrium of Structures ..176 51 Eestonseleutbiem 6 32 feeb Dagen——_—_—-—————— 18 tec eyes ——— 8 Chapter 6 ‘Methods of Indeterminate Analysis Basic Methods. 6 tmoion 62 Cian even 621 Csiparos Fists aa 422 Coste Secor Maren 63 ingot nam only 65 Macnee! Reve — BT (67 ince Seppe ——. 68 Consent Odernaione ete {81 Peed ot raiby Coster Coton Matos 69. theeMomertéesen —_—m (69: appaiona Tae omer apne Cominvsn ama eds 16 622 Asiatene ne Yanertaiols etna Sipe ne 28 Objet eon 26 Covent Qu) 3 Chopter7 Energy Methods of Analysis rnwn240 2 sophson Miran Poel Egy 28 23 Uitte Mettod_____2s 721 Artin oF Speen. ——_ 210 Once ase. as Conenisael ce Qos. 8 Chapter8 Moment Distribution Method of Analysis. 83 Ganon. 4t Osebalor Thee ——. 85 ibuise Fuser 6 Foed atten. 15) Sandu Reiss ofan Grd amen a 7 tegen: Dagan Ug Stes Agprch-202 5 strstr Hamer On 28 = 89 Soy eas 591 Frames hon Sp 1492 Famer i ay. 503 from Sy Ue Slane 894 Poco ot Say shad ——— 285 895 Say heipssefNan pmaticteams 05 856 Suet Sew tames-— 81 Oneness 06 Comeron ecient 20 Chapter 9 Slope Deflection Method of Analysis.345, 93. Bains pe Dteciof Egon 94 cede Ant 95 Anite hae Sy 9 eam Sw Uae Osplocemen Obj Bin, Ceovenina ecient » Chapter 10 Matric Methods of AnIYS15 mmm 393 101 Abeba fies a a2 HpesetMaies 9 13 Maes Opens 9k 104 Sandu esse lp ndOcecion 355 105 Redityand sitios 0 16 Hebi at «co opens 4 2hocedseto Del esi Maio 107 Sis au a8 a2 o7ahoceue evel Sess Muuie ace 1073Sundusensa fr Sites. ve 108 An efbem ard Fae Ug Festyoviewtbos as ‘oa Deer ot sat tnvcmnacy ats ‘ouasarc fale Sct 0s 109 anasetteam natn irs Stes Maio. a ect Bei exes Comune Ons “0 Chapter 11 ‘Structural Dynamics mn 9 AUndumpedFrevibatlone!SiagleDegee of Freedom Sten 11 egiectetem = 12 Undenpe ym 23. Spnghntostlorin seer. 1A xa Bey Dagon. NS Oxlnber Pico —— as 186 ScaoncfOsee Equation of Mason 481 A foquoe and Pt a AD td MeanB Damped Srgledegreafteedom Systems ‘chesponse ot Onedegre ottreedom StemtetamenicLoadieg 1.18 undoped Maman ton 8 116 Damped, _ 127 Tansey ce — a Dstesonse of OnedereFeedome! Sytem a Ftc Genes Oynaietonding 158 tmpue Lng sod Duh negtal_——_473 1139 conn foe. nae Recarg od ——— row Ansys anaesponse Inthe Freeney Dama 112 Fer ah. 122 espana Sle Deg oie Undanped Spe toaPeiode Fle 6 a8 FMutdegrect reedom stem 112s onhogomliyothees a ow, 1124 Nematode eed 24 Nexmotton.— 1125 espenst MOF Spe. Objet ese. . Chapter 12 Suspended Cables. Actes 121 tevtoet he able 122 Hotta Tennis et ——————— 9 123 Tentoninbe 124 be use ve Gidea Supper 481 125 Gable campedio Sd Criedansracth Foti ontheTopofe Per a2 126 Carved enhelihe bie 82 abt Supports diferenthees 123 Ton abe ppd at Meet ave 856 ured Lanta —. Temperature change ae an cae P.Nonwsiformtond stitenng der 129 Supenten Geared Siege 2 1281S Corcontedlene 502 1210 Sipenioncasevtea ngs 305 Ober ses CHAPTER} 7 Stability and Indeterminacy 1.1. Support System 1A.1 20Support: (3) Feed Support fy Fig. 14 0) Ruaberateocton=3 ig. 1.5 i Member oteocions=3 ‘AL20 og suppat, here can be veer onevenicatrcton( A) (i) enehavzerieltescion() {i onemaneeteacion(¥,) (©) Minge Sepport Hinge supports represented bye synbet A. SS th, 9.5.2) Momberofcactins? 9.1.2 (a) Nambmoteocionr=2 “Athingad support. thre can be Wo rears {@ onehodronairaaciont) {49 oneventalreacion(f oR2 | Givit Engineering sean MET Z079) (e) Roller Support ote: support i represerie oy he syle ote i =e 79.13 0 Hombertrecionss Fg. 1.9 Ul) Norberto Aol support arecanbo orty ene exeraly dependent eseen wich sual tneconct eutace (a) Gulded Roller Support 9.34 tumberotreccion'=2 ‘A gute rote supers there canbe Wo reactors: (0) onevericatteaciont®) {@)eromarentreacton A) 142 2.0internaldoints (a) doterat Hinge ‘Alinathings bending momen vil be 260 NOTE: fa icnalvige powdes one adcivoaleauloruneauaiovTeremucires. (0) Internat iter ‘iterate oer axa free o shea ‘rce willbe 200, ST 0 ig sng 18, aay orc a © and Bis 00 —f fat linhg. 17. shear ote at Cand Dsl be zero. SS ~0 GI evr wiv ticderanps io (2 tmterat Link 2 tary memberiscomeciedbyhinges atisend Co ‘and subjected ono elemal casing nbatreon thon tan be teed a noma tik and cary ‘ial foresoiy. one Hete Bie ink ink BCeary ely axial ree © Ago BM,» Oand BMg=0 NOTE: eiraleleage alo provides adalanaleqaton or eral a eroci 143. 30Suppons ta) Fixed Support ‘13.0 xed supper hae can besa earns: () tveerescne Ri ae A, (i) tee moment onctns Hand ‘The tes supp are also caos Buln support Fig. 19 umberefreocons=6 1b) 3.0 Minged Support _AL3-D hinged support there canbe three seaciions: Fa, aR kK wR, cain a The3.D hinged suppotisalsocale’bst andcockat joint, 8+ ONumberoteactons=3 (a) pelle support [A130 roller suppot the can be only one externally Independent reaction wn is peencicular lo he contact evtece te Fig. 1.11 Numberolveactions = 1 % os moun rune in gue 1.124, reatone at oe net A.A. A and A ae exemaly dependent reactions ‘whch depends onseacionMADE ERSY 4 | vit Engineering EMIT 2075) | 1.2 Structure 124 Elements of Structure | ‘Some he ajo alums sruclure by wich skuctuvs ae fabricated ave a tows {a} Brame Beams 0 sryclual membois whichis prodominanty subjected io bending, One basic ‘ol support ystem beams can beciassied es: @ Simpysupporectean Fg.n33 (09 Caniteverbeam 4 1 (wo Proppeccanitove: Fg.t3s (09 Fieesboan rigts6 (6) Coniovour bea ore ee (6) Columns A column i averzalcomaression member which is sander and svg. Geraaly ‘catumns ate sbjsctad i ava compression and vending momen 38 shown a igee Fpa38 0 Ger wit sce rapier MADE EAS ROEM) Suc Anais |S (6) TleMembers Te mambo tensor maneers of uses ase ich aresubjected oat lensteterce.Fgue: 1.13) ——— Fig. 119 Tod 122 Types of Structures (a) Trusses A wuss consuucted fo pin owed slonder member, usualy ararged in winguor manne oases, ode are appfedonjons due o whicheach member ol ws subjected to ony ‘ual orces ie ier exial compression or ual tension Generatyvustes acoured whin span ol ‘awelue lage (0) Frames: A tame sconstuced on ene: pnjiador hued joeved beam andcokmrs. Goneraly toade ae dope on beams and is ladng causes axial loca, shear force anc Dencing the members rere, Fgh Bromes le) neces: Archos ar used in riges. dame oe, aston, whare spanclstucres ate realy move duetoeneralloadng, Arch canbe subjectedo wal compression, shes lore or benang AL i A Fig 422 (tcetingeich Fig. 122 (Muobingtn Cnininsdeiyilctenrg “MABE EPS” Theo Sled osMADE EASY 6 | Civil Engineering icon To) (@) Cables Cebes ao used io suppor lg span bdgas. Cables me Moule members and cv to ‘eterna oscing iis subjectea axial tesion ony Fo. 125Cabicond age 1.3 Types of Loading [3)Polntiond A point oad considered tobe acing a pin ie al eal conceited loadin ‘tual practice pint oads are daxibstasiad which te titted cre very sa ea, Fg. 124Penlo0d mo ood: Dswibved ads ere those Toads. whlch acts over some measurable ea Stetrbvied oad re meosure by tha irons ef oasng per wk gh along ie beam, Fis, 2s .inibtedtouds (Uniformly avtibutedtoad: Union cevituted ods are tose dsibued los whch neve untrm tens of oaing aver the ae, 9.1 26UaormiyOnubutsoads Uniform varying lod: unity vaning lad, commenly abbreviated as LL isthe one ich meen oftasing wares tom one ade the Fo ample. ites zero atone end and watches en ig. 127 Unio Yoringtoods (2 Theory with solved Bxampies soraiie Biden Siractrt hats | 7 Postal Study Package EXE] (2) Couple: A system o ores wi rosuAant memen, but no resunt free scaled couple. ts stalically eqvalen ores times ie ols detance, sane Fig 28Coupe 1.4 Stability of Structures ‘Suveuta! stably tne major conceraol te srucurl designe To ensure he stably asic must have enough suppor reaction aon wit oper arangenentol membes. The oval stably of stucnwes can bediviedinio (@ Enema stabil (vera aviny 181 External Stability (a) 2-0Strutues For sabilly of 2.0 tues hare shouls be no rgid boy movement stuctre ‘ue talnadng sot shoud have super inssfecton, precton and no etsionin-y plane Se thar encata be enough reasons to retain he igi bey con, For stably of 2.0 sractres, felling ves consions of ac oquloium shoud be ssi, IF,20 Copreven.a) ( 2F, +0 Copreierta,) iy 28,20 (leprevent®,) For stably n20 sevtues lowing condiions alsa be sae (@. There shouldbe minimun vee numer ol extemal dependent sepport reson, (i) Alreactons sould not be paral odervige nearly unslabiywlstup. 5.1.29 Unable (i Atreactons show no be tnearyconcurent ethene lato vet wil stun. CS, a he Xe 230 ante ig a0 sae Caaionayy” —WHOETERET Fig iia aie ED8 | Civil Engineering ADE ens (6) Reactions shou be neva, here shuld be enaugh magnitude and enough dleence between hen, (@) so Structures: incase oD sruciaes, here shouldbe aminirum ol six indopendet oneal ‘eacions o prevents bocy daplacoment af sructae, The dplacemen: lobe Preven ar: 2,4, 8,0, 0,200 0, Teeoto, ee wi bos aquational slate equi. @ theo a 2-0 tw) 2, 9 1,20 (ot 2M,=0 ForelabtyingDsteawes, a hereecionssnoud be noncoplnaroncorcuren and man are, "Tiemenber a eaciae conarusied Vom elasie mentor fn ema Sasia Sspacamen may be erated but sms gid boy cepiacement wit be peri. (ERIE iat one cite towing rociies vo sabe? « = pel — | | In Gi eer winssivedtsangies AOE ERR awimadeepabiatoncrs ) MADE EASY Postal Study Package BIE] Sucre Analysis | 9 ember) susie sine altho reations are concent tC % Fi Sweture (is uns 142 Internal Stablity For so nea stabi, ro pat ofthe stucire can move rigily rlave Yo he are! par so that ‘geet! he suc preserve, however sal elas etermations are permed. To pesewve geome, rough sume omernbers andthe acute aangorantsrequted, Farihe geomet sia hereshoud nollie any concen el meenaism. Mechanisms termed whe ‘hore ave wee eoinen hinges, hence fo pezorve geomelic sinby have sed nl beste clinear hinges, For2:Dnueasna minum number elinembersneeded: lor ger aout a6mabe EASY 10 {cil Enginesring MEETS] ma 3i-6 j= Nerberctininin sss ‘n= Member requitedor gzomtia! sabi. ‘Ana embers shuld be ranged in guch away hat uss cane ide nto tangdar be. norectarguarorpeygonal boc. Hence fr ove geomet! lay of ue: (9) Mium number clmamber shold be present m= 2-3 (201s) wo m=3-6 (3010) {i There shoul bene condlionolmechansmi.e. no wee colina hinges, GEE ecko ably for won tusses. T 6 " ® Sout {_ncaxe(,arangeren olmembo'sis nol adeqste, ence gt partis unetble ant pane ‘overs Fev goorariesabity a panels ol russ shaun sade so given Huse geematical estate Feetigh pact urbe ember present, ” Bul minunerber ol member needed Hence Fight panei dtelen, Fert pane 1 Number momborpxecet ‘Bu mimuen numba ol member needed 2-B2208-325 m6 = 4-3=2x4 Hence el pants ne il wa jes arms mame ol y-9=246-3-9 Hence, above tarsi geonelicaly unable snd itean be called celient suc Mumberoldetceney = 2 needed CABS i ssecdimpie MABE ERS Tablet ) mADE EASY Seuctral Analysts | 1 143. Overall stabitity For overa labiy, exeral tpt is compulsory. Insemecazes sete i veal siabie but kmay be over sliesemalyorce'enteralylimean supper reactions fre ore tna vee sis rumber of meer are lass en 2-8 CConsiser aus showain gute 1.22 Hoe, Enoratvezcen, a4 Number tember present, m= 19 Bulmin.numberal rembors needed 2-322K7-3 1" means wussis decent ro 1 dogs But above uss is overs sable becsuse thro is one extra ‘eauncantreacton veh preven geomet dsicieney nebo ig 133, extematreactons ° Nanborfmenber tte = 8 + Butera needed 2/-3.= 28-9213 ‘ears rssiseafoan 15 cece Bu above sictre ie overall sable because area fv axa ‘edundarreacon veh prevent georati deleiony. PERERINENN — corrton zit pinioea ane wom ne | | Fae External eseven ne? ‘No.etmembar presse = 1 No ols « 6 ' in no, clmenbessneaded = 2)-3<2x6-9=9 Above us i ern tale (ver il but xterra | be, Hanca tis hss svete ‘Comment en tha slabiy of pinjoited frame shown figure —{ | Selaton =a External labiy: ‘uber ofeneatroacion = Alte eacions ate nonpraialbutll noo reactions are oneutrent at pin hence ghe re isexteraly asia, {ncoral stabi: Number jo,12 | Clit Engineering eee Number of memberprezent mats 1 ‘Above rae is irra sable (ove sti. Sine tamelsexeiraly uncteie, ence given rama is overall unstable ‘emember ile deavabo for oar aabiy, seus shoud be nabla enermaly andrea ooh 1.5 _Statically Determinate and indeterminate Structures 154 Statially Determinate Structures A structure i aid o be detainee if eonons esate equiibaum ae sullen to anata the sree, + Indeteminsio ruc, banding moment and shear lace aro independent ol preps a ‘mateland cross-sections! ees 1+ Nostressesareindices ovetolomperaure changes. 4+ Nosvoseasare induced due lack! it and suopertsetlament 452 statically Indeterminate Structures A shut ssid be slacaly indotarminate¥condions of sac euiltam ara a stile 10 ‘analyse the rice. To analy these suctues. tional eampatbly eonlions are requied “+ Inindotrminatestuctxes, bending mort and shea loce depends upon the roperies 0! ‘maloiland rose sectional res, + Sess sroinduces cuetotemperatvarason, + Suesses are induca be lace and support 1,6 Degree of indeterminacy ‘he cogsatidoariacy canbe didn 1" Sateintomncywhencan bo cee ae ; {@ everalodeomneey {© biorainconmiacy 2. Keonaindonincy 161 Statieindeterminagy Trae siete wich can tbe anes ung ecu seem nlre a cles ieee sts ype a Sues canis cus ex cation rues wich ‘seated compat nuton (a) tea Stitndtominacy 1, W bread wppet aya lh siicive Canes emmray ql nero Inspec een eacera excess vai esultrumcondoar sa equi. Osi? ‘watnanes nnanrsppa acon ‘2 Toalnaeroavaae aio ota auton T3120) bo 0) i30) Ciroywnsicdiacpe” “RRO eR mainenpimicnlonay whe, made RSS RESET] Structural Anois | 13 Ccase-t: (2-0 boumn subocted to general loacing) Hore 46 123 Inetelore Baty 78 For gone foating syeem. 8 ed beam is satay incetetrnate 0. degree. to Py.13e wove for veiling system. cose-2: (2.0 beam vertical lading) and equations ol aie equision avaiable } verte, Dye Hore beamindetinaia to 2 cegree + cs Y See Fi.135 nee for generating, ha external indeteinacy s given by 3 [For20} Om wd Og= 1-6 [Fors] For the For genraloating, 6 Hence gvenbasm sexe nceremeateo2* eee. Seluton Totty, Forgenetlosing ‘Shoe aleactonsarnonparae! hes gen ame stabi and in agree: \_woescmadseasypabietonsorg Shown Tn igure. Dotormina degree of exeinal stale 8 3 28-322 26 eieminate lo 10MADE EASY (0) tetera static ineterminney (0g) ‘Cases: Pin Jointed plane rame (2.0 Tse} ln trusses, ont aa tinged ano lading i anpled aoirtory, the soll weight ol members are ‘negiocad. Hence al mernoer ous wil cary on axa free eer enon cr compression there are mmembars nthe tus. than tare wl be mineral mera oe (ail res each manje:).Areeehjin intha Ws, hese two eqaiorum condiins\.e. B= Oand EF =0.Let ‘here ae jourber oto, Hence otal equbiun conaktonsavalabie on aonb 2 cue 2) ‘ecuitrium concen, Bree equations a used dlemine enema! suppesceacionstencene! sxalable equatorsiedelomineinemalreactons nite 2-3. Tracie, 1, « Tetsimunter ctinternalreactns -Avatabia equation euirium Di = m=(3j-2} a D,=0 Tussisinematy datermane Suchtusses are called pevlect tusees * 0,> 9 wl beineratynasesnate and ove si i 0,<0 Inrealy decientand geometrcaly unstable (e201 8.0 tus Pinte pace ne) In3-b rus, een member awa one rect ew co blo oh oe ee cenatin oleguitrami.e ZF, 0, TF, =O »0 There taeandzn earns ‘name be 3 Ou Seam enon sc conctons fused i era potieacon Hence, 2, = Tl mambots escons Aveo causten cleat them t-8) eee, metfenberd ones ner jres Case. (2-0 and 3.0 Rigia Frames) {nig amas. interna indeerinacy vit not eit erms an open comigwation ikea tee. To {heck rein indeterminacy talawg Tus ule maybe sppies, (1 stuctreisitsraiydetominate hens impossibl toma ecu anywhere in swuctute ‘without pit he sbucixe awa ee bodes, (i) ncasecinesraly determinate stucure, ts inpoestieto ret backat sae pain whet reracing me path imearintematy determinate sractres donot have any eye oo, Into aimersenal(@ ng tame, eachmembor has ee riealtaesi.. FA, and ann ‘3:Drgia ame each member fassiineiral ete. A, RA, Mand, hear each caged ‘oop Ones vseeieratindeterminacyandeach heed bopin’ Dhaest ntraleeeseminesy 14 | Cit Engineering Heron For2Drgwtaames. Op = Fu2Dugidtames, 0, = 66 . here, C=Nuurberal closed tony In ove anoles ate prs ae cansicoted eg some of he joins ate hi tinged) Bren same ole niamelicarions walreoased Hanes O, si eceed Traeloe, Da dC-4, Fa 20 ae 0, 266-4 Fe 90 howe, 1. ialnumberanealveaceen lence. G9 in sie ies HHO ER “veinimadectypabiilansory ) mabe easy Structural Analysis | 15 Foon @ a 5 | 4 a 2G mpso.nec, cre nersilrc(tynroeeed ® §——4h____ 0, wolnenelces rereated (a) haslace ah) (2) Berdrgianeri6h) nee w >t ] J 6 SresrFoee reas “he mumbo oleeased oes) denen upon rumBoremembesiresing ayia joins, rowan 1 ¢ ” —— 4 eeeMADE Ensy 16 | Chl Engineering Postal Study Package BLE] ‘A.C, twomembers meets, Hence one internal resco wil telease. ‘ALO, threervambers meets, Hence, vo isotnlescions wileeeased, ‘ nae Hence, total, qeteen3 We can generate intemal reaction eas a loos: Forplonesnucives, Ge Hat 1) , (20tare) Forspacestuctures, fe ES(at- 1) bere, ‘= Nude of mibars mating attybia jee Hence Dg can be writenas Dg *36- Har = 1} (2) = 6C= E407 ~ 1) 39) here, C=Nunberotcosedioons ‘of « Numba members acing al nybraoin, ‘cera Degre of State ndeterminaey(0,) 1, = Esta static indterinacy + nora sate indeteminacy p= Oat Dy ‘Alvernaive Approach to Fad 0, (2) Pane Tras (2.0 Truss) = Tata usinown forces (xem nema) Total equation of eguttaum avsiabie sme 1-3 ihre, m= Number of membess Nuberainlemalreackons) = Numberoteweinalescions 2 Number of tas 5 W By20— Tussissiatesiy otrninae D> 0 Tussiestaealy ndaterinate BO — rssissinicay unset () Spacotruts 2-07 Dg=(m41)-3) (2 2D Rigid Frames O.= (mer) Wnalpins seriid) De= (amv 1)-3}-%, When somajoiets are yi) (20 Rig Frames Dye (m+7)-G — Whanalipetsarerion) y= 6m v43-6j=% (han somepins arent) Goren ssiedtacepes finbe eae ‘wornmadeeasypubleadonsorg.} mADE ERSH BSE 20 ves shown in rau, tnd degree of static indterminacy satvien: Fest approsch, C2919) Stectural Analysis | 17 ‘,-SiFo: geseralleasoa) 6-3-3 y= 25-9) 2 7-x5-3)=0 egies ot aatiinaetominacy, 5 05+ Dap 0,=32083 SSocond approach: ome e-2) Whatie thoioial degree of sume ngsterminacy (both ntemal and exert of the esntlover plane (uss shown inthe figure below? | i (2 wo { oa ms 7 os) met fet Fis approsen °2 ‘Second approach: Ope meted) eter The” dogisa wale inet dra a show oo = - @) 6 (by 4 fs ‘9 test Frat ppeae 4 | weewaadecnyblitncon "ADE EASY Thao wih soved amis RED)— 18 | oa MADE ERS MADE EASY MNES © sratan | 19 Og=fy-32 10-347 sta inggtominacy. 0,4 80-120-1 {rama shown below? | Ops Dg Dy (a) 10 | ‘ DyeTata8 | fe) 12 | 1 Second approach m5) 3x54 10-9x6-161 i j B= 3m 4-3)=4, | 1 ain ae (@) 10 sone) Fist approach Fat epprosch: secon api | Oye ams ry 3i- Seeord appease | Whats he daleindawrnnacy Sin bee near | wwnetonentteon 1 | Eiosoo one @ : PRM Fo SO wire seen nig. ra, on aM oe oi st | on oe pee | fsa To “Jatalmancvonsreeasec, half Mer- second ase secon apn GEA reesei seiedeamies mae ERE” eramadeesipbietontar ) fasi6E Gres20 | Col Engineering Postal Study Package ELIE] Daa nce mADE ERS EEEMETY073) Srocturol Analysis | 21 Ferg plane rae shown in For anove bean \ | | +f ee -|}——_ ennsom ioomaerndesione | Here, suppor eactianssemovedto make above canoe are ALF ee : wep NY Renee aeeeeeeeael meee i e314 8-90 12-0 fa TWaTE: This opprasen appaatin oil Genaal caves Toaaing 1 ‘Stati Inetorednaey fr Boamne | | Second apposen: | 2 f Dye dme dior, | | | , ‘Anproech-t: Beams ae eat eerigajohie lane kame a open coniguaion tho beam a ee a wt (2 : i . 3 @ 4 a Ans. (6) | ft ‘Approach Dye ed, 2p Dye Oy Hor a Beieteger a Oho 7-3-128 o Iroctosee 260) Appreachi 2 Seal yb jos teint torabove beam Here, Dy = R44 7-3x5-103 Appreac Oy = fg C, _ i 1| Here, Ay eacon removed oak caterer FT | Tao f t | aa yerensean } Cyseensiai deta Hyd ins | ‘Anproech2: nis anoteach beam ae convertedino caer by removing supportreactons | ‘nd constant are ade io Hyer oins, en degree ofa indteminacy i given by tececpion(che met What's the otal dogree of stati Indoterminacy inthe eontinuous prismatic Touro Delow? ‘Dg Suppo Reasons Reeraved - Const ao Hyori ‘niaDE ABS — GB er aiisiciarn CSonansizepibliaicians ——SRBETERBH” "Teor oed bam ED22 | lil Engineering @t fe) 3 Ans. (2) showa in igure? @t js 8.00) ‘oproachs ‘Approach Approach Gh rer wise ie EM] =| MADE Ens Det E 1 Tlalonernatuninoin esclon Fh Mi Re Po He 80 My 6 er: ee i wo we Teteteres febetee ye 5-3- Ope amen 3)-4 Opn ax545-9n8-2 B20 (ose exch at Band Eandtwoat | (avo at ene achat and 7) wen madceasypabicationsorg > 2 wor 3 toa ‘0s. (0) Oe o3-%, tre, qedelesaae? ia? O27 3-2 2 ‘Atornate Approach: p= am 4,~9)~F, Here, m= 5.1527.) 8am 7,=2 52 34547-9K6-2 oa Hence eptn (aiscerect The dog (0 wt (32 ios aos. @) 2 t-3t, Heo. geds 36 : a Ue (Peand Me \ 23 ge8-3-3 0 ve Aporoach Da amon Sins, Hee, m=3,%,= 6.44 D,29%34+6-944-9 Henceepiona}iscoveet sypublications.org26 | ct tgs mane Spey i 1.62 Degree of Kinematlctndeterminacy (Degree of kinematic indeterminacy (O,) ‘rs othe toll umber oliadependetavaiabie degree ‘reedom at tins. The degre ol knamatc in eminscy maybe delined ws eo nme ol wevetaie eplacement component a alot. ‘3Ne| Typesticin | Ponsa dog ffrencom 1. [Porson Weceontinnin an ie oe Z| soar |= tie ope tetas cae [°° rere Tonia |= Thee ogc Tato aa : tre se 7 | SORE | se aneatiowens a aie care in by be Dope ot kinemate inteminacy or: (0) Planetrssi2-0 Tus hha pinned plno use eochjeishauing to dagen oranda Ar and ay heels number ; ‘olin wit bshaving 2/dente of leedon. We now ibe re suppor easton, henceal suppors [pcisplaverenis wile! be avaible the dtectonc:eacien Thtloela number umes ‘splacement component ait (0,) be y= 2 By Seema De Si Oy 3-1, (3. lente pant: Ses Og 3%, (A aioe sscetame: Sint O64, bn above ass a monbers conte aly eerie a sve descent ae fase depen. Secatenes Inrigi rare, sore lhe mambo 70 aay rgd ten a eeplecements in such members may rot bo valle, hence degree cl keedor vil be reccec. For20 git ame, p= Bh tor For3.0roigjontedtame, Oc 8-100 ete, nf = Namba lav ides mabe Ens peels ‘Delermine degree of Kinematic indoterminacy forthe given cari () doamisaxatyexbie (i) beamisaxeliy rita aE — Solio: 0 in2u=8 De DI ax2-a 6-323 O29 (iy iteam ABisasly eid Op Weta nde 2 [BREESE aternne degra ot kinematic indeterminacy forthe given beam. | ‘Also nd Og whan rrombor ABs axially igi. Solon a2, 223-1, 24 (0,200.09) se consider Aas wally gt, en O be some as previous case because ail dislacement ready standby eacons | = (arog Spec casez In rig joes kame. some of he os may bo hyd Wien acetal degre ol reedem wil bo svaiate. Hence Oitinerase For 2.0 ignite ame. y= Bao ar sy, For3.Digiajaete rama, y= Ohh ar +, were, j= Tlalmanber ons incusing rigid. ys in. sunpoved in and unsupported ion av = Nor ol axial rid mambors 1s Sot 1) eo) fy = Sumbat ol memneremectng hye 8 “iheioE ERS m3MADE EASY 26 | Chil Engineering PST) Whale the number findependent ‘degre af reecomot ths wo span consnuous beam of unkarm seclons shown in ne igure boiow? | (ot 2 fs (4 pest Beams are considered a8 2-Drgipintedopen tare. +268 | fe Hot = 1) (RREIIENFor i Sete Stone tae. Pad Uapiee ol Rorao om considering beam aonb, ‘wovaimadeeasypublcions arg) Gq tree with Scived ramos «THIER rc mabe EASY Fig ood ame showin figure Fine degree ofkinaratieIndetominacy. Assuming beams are exalyinextensbie, setter! Hoe, jn f-8e2ene7 p= ily id montbers = 4 Oe Hoa at ee, 9-7-4 = 2-7-4 HH For 20 figid Wame shown in igure, Find 0, and show al dlsplacomen component at respective ons = ‘Soiaion Here, Seca taais | 27MADE EASY 28 | Chil Engineering Cm) “Tanne afmajor ees ios won wich aetures ae fabrcsed are: () deame —() cotemns (ui) emenbers + Commontypesc tctures are @ wases (tes) stchesand cables + Ferthe exteral aia ot sco lotewing candtias should be susies {there shuts bemiirun eutver of exerally independent sunpartceacions. (i) atreacions rows nat bo parte. 1 (it at eacdens shouldbe concuten. (i) resets shows been. (©) forstbaiyin3-D stu esallreations should benen-cosiars onconcurontand onperal + Topreservegeoetiesnbty. ne miimum number ofmembers needed a6 m= 2)-3 (oT) m= 9-6 wom) + Wis doskabofor overt. sructure enous stable extrraly an neal Bh + Dor pane wuss, ie ivon by Dye mene 2 1+ gf space mussis given by ye m+ 4-3 + Dele iid jptes tars zen by Dp 34 4-3) Op= 30+ -3i~%, + glo 20 gids tae’ gen by Dee Gm 6) Dyn Gs 4-64, 1 ogi o!inernatienteeinaey or (nena ints ari) (Wimensomeineare hyd) (Winer ets ar i (uhan somos aod) (0 Plaretuss Dee Bint (w sprcotss 02 31-%, (a) 20r9¢sntetere Dye Bato mt (09 20¢gijimed tame Oc= 6i=t- 0 Y, where, nf =Nuerbe ot axa rigid members ‘jeNunbor ol escicns eased = Yor 420) = E9t0r 1) (30) wie ofeNumbe starters meting a mbrident fiABE ers MADE EASY Ee) Structurat Analysis | 29 Geis nin rae Gr Resgeectiicnerminattetion © 0 Senn ae oe “ oa tee ng tes th ne wccletepae ete om tm hes a oom 1.2 Whats hata degre static ndetarninacy (totrinteraland tora olesiangur panes ws hoanintne que oecw? A 1 Thetnsessaialy determinate To russ ewmabcaly coterrinate - Wis eerence:o te above semen, which tine loloweg epics? {@) Both satenentsaroirue (0) Boh satomens ae lise (@ misweduttistose (@) Iwo butts tae we wes @s as 23 Taekemalcindowrminay ol he beams a 26 Fdstacineterm re cy ne Fare showin 04 Forrigia tame stoanin igi. Oetrmin ost —| egiae of sate ndaerinacy. atteoe | as ea — | ae we an 07 “he sige Frame snow i qe. the stain!SuerwalAnatyls | 34 ws 0 2.8 Theol! degree of wale indeterminacy o the plana tama showin gente ie & 1 ow 9 0 eo ow Os 9. tre ogi of nematic hdlemnasyat kare rou nthe queigoing he aval delrmaren reson by oe oo 2 ou 0.10 1: daytee oF stake detemnacy of args serves space ames fo mer omer (1 Maes 3y 8) Gone 6) i, mre awe ie uu ean Greens ol ints no. ol e280 (050, fequains of eoations 10.12 The rigid ame shown in iu, the slacal indolenincy a oo 0.12 Thoknenascindeinminasy(DaqeeS! Freedom) colt ame granbotos — es ow 4 @ 2 wa @e (0.14 Tae oa dete of knematc indeterinacy the plane lame shown In tho given fige ‘conadeting catinns 10 beat is 6 mave Soa mabe ERSu 0.11 Apne vanes sateay ceemeaai ae mie @) ams rare) Sms engi, | later aie Imscedier Bamvorsjer | wenn” & * | as meceosectane neni mara clientes lana trae x8 shown ig le wo os Gs oe 0 an Ct Tecegeeet ste onenetcetmency Be ats duapontoremeumnbelgere 0.16 Dogree of freedom for the structure shown in (Resume members are exsaly exenetaie) > zt | we wa oe os 0.17 The pinjsied tame shown gue is 1 (3) sparecttare (0) aredundartme (6) saicion tae (@) Renee! nese 0.18 Nunberotsiacindterinseylorhestuetue shoals @ 1821 327 & 17.18 (@ 17.28 20 The oegreeot sit naereminacytorhe beam asshownin gues as wa es 3 221 wm she omg neon se ee Pinot tame as toumin ve ie bolo? Te RieeigppaBlatontory” theory wi solved Bamps RED32 | Cit Engineering {@) Statically determinate ane internatiy unstatie. (0) Satcatyindorerinae alley seh (© Sravcaly indeterminate and iternaiy vaste. (6 Staticay dternnate and teeny stats 4.22 Te ea (ooh nvernal and xterm) ogre saindeteminacyal tne ple tame shown it te given gure is {*—* Hy lee nwt 1 @) 20) 30) 44) 510) & 0) 7c) 8. (0) 8. (a) 10.16) 11. (0) 12 (6) 19. (6) 14. (0) 15.00) 16. (0) 17, (8) 18. (6) 19. (6) 20.00) 2 (a) 220) Enero) MADE EASY maaind. ‘Tohingewilceale2monbers. umber frit eacioncomponarts released. 7=10 Dj-5+9-10-3%08+) a9 ) : ‘Thatolal degree dinetaminacy i ovenby ® : “hekneatcindleminscy ote bess Dendim hy Gren, a8 ss OeedeSe7 e329 {eSB 8B By Bad @ min t6,jo 15.152 12 y=Mer— 0) BB+ 2-4-1421) BReteset t1ei0 ‘Second approse Dye amen -3i-%, G4 23x 155 Dogtect aie ndeeniacy D,sime 1-21 Hove 2,)= 8nd, =6 : 16!2x940 Degreokneraticinseenacy Dpedhmiy-mt raeee- ‘hus tus i aia determinate ar woamabesty ndeterninae ©” Put Op central iaeindeteminscy 43 Wem, g=3420249=10 ge 0-2-7 and 0 Inernalstaicineteminacy y= 30-1, Hee, C= Number ol led ions = 1 1 = ineratroscinereleasod Helen) Dy= ams 1-2 Hee foe toad 7 «6 p= 3x9+10-3%9-6 on cc) 0, = D+ Dy Ona Hee, q23e9ea-9 me 3-1, Here, G = Niner olelaseioep =2 imemslesctonsreaendt Buf to t)=2 2x2 inpce easel strc! Anos | 33 spproac: Op 3m 6-3-4 Here, Qrg= 98nd 2 | Opn SxO49-349-2 5 a0 ®t) p= 94 1, 3- Here, m= 12, 943634 cn teesses im-tya(t= 28 242-961 ge _Atoreaive Approach: Norce eption(Qisearect 8 Foe 20-igi6 rama, the degred of nematic indeterminacy is given by O,93)-1,- 08 Ne.ofisint tema supportreactons ‘xl rid members Hye, p80 26, 7 0, 2346-46-28 Hence epton(a)seanec. ory wih Solved Ena ey34 | Gill Engineering 10. (¢) 1, = Weal unknewn eneion - Test equation of eau tn igi tame each menses hove sie wer reactonsive. FF FM Mand M, Tereloe total tena caer wil oe & mA each int those ave sc equations of quire avalble le. 24 20,14 =0,2/,=0, 384 =0, 2M 02nd {EM =O. llnere rer unknown enteral upper reasonshen Die gveny D,=(Gm+0)-6) Honee anton (disconect 1 @ | pane kame e dlerinate i aagree of sale indeseiieacy zeta, 2, =Total erknowm raactions - Tol ‘equalon of qultivm ~ Aceon condtionat equim, 24 (3m 1)-3)-6 For tame be deweminae, D,=0 sera 300 Hence option) scoect 120) fa tp Xe ye ee nape Eng mage EASY sical aaa | 35 wu) soon aye3e 2 oe) NCS cai eeeee teal Tata —-n quent } eet tao s acta aces | rence O-10 i Nee secon apne Prametin “0 ten Brine eadand oe a a4 Pe gen tesaset: s)- f ra secoxs4 B=10 ” 20-1624 we) D,a3 aa oe) Tears jn ocistyea {Sronore efene dee ers nw Mucectast seamen Pa i aconbreone sabe pet Up eae $949-2x600 Ovarstilf pane! U,U;Lsb and a8 unslable pane! antnoiaa te: Witmer teetewomrrere sone lethdo econtere ta renown we) casomnacsemete, te 2@ Hoe, j= 4.1, 5. mf = Oend , Beieieg O, 634-5044 19, (d) OpeNSxB* B-3x 14-728 Oy (D,=3m+1,-3)-1, ww 2, =18)-4)-m tae nti rumber otis = 12 ssl mintercl exes! reactors 3424 2-7 imatota nanber fel 8 ramen = 9 Date 12-71-9220 15. (8) 0, =D, Dy in i ed i ES)CHAPTER Influence Line Diagram and Rolling Loads 2.1 Introduction Most common oad acing on stuctues ave dead load anciveload. Desdcadsarethose fads whieh a siaionary and dol change the posion Usough out the waving feof sruciure eg. sll weight of ‘setae, fooreg te. Curve load can chenge te positon curing he working fed srucree g whee asd ‘weight of pastengar ec. Fordoadoad he neds exe, the varioton ol BM, SF and coecianis computes Alcerent sections and pated. Butthe variation! acave raid is computed win ehetpofnivence ina ‘Goyram Inintuence ine, the section is kept ined and anunitiaad is moved tame ord or compute lhe euessluncfon (BM SF ond éelecion at fixes section), 2.2 Influence Line Diagram (ILD) Intuence tne agra epretent vaitenc sess lunefen such as BM Réaction, shear foe, peo iia, ND for Me Portion AG: When urktmament isi potion AC. rytene 2 (Conny Ponlon CB: fine unt mean poion CB 8 (conta) Draw LD Ter, elven Boom ae chown in figure, wnen tveloadet TOM moves froma aright whlch meynavo any length Also find maximum vluDo Fig Rend My (@) ND ler Ry Toobin LD er A, se untdisplacemartat Aand observe dafecied shaped! beam. 4 eo ¢ a aS; | oo ith eS The maxinu value Fl be hon eny span ABs loaded Fg. = AeaotILD wpe ABW76 | Chit engineering mel e212 Structural Anas | 7 (i) WD ory caves: When uit ood isin porion F) ‘anmineneatonl iowa cate spn ya ‘ASCisleaded RyxOo lines — i Fama Moacltox —— — Spe fi ; S wed « - = Jxs0x12010 « 190K UD tort, ca 3 fy ea f= 8 roe) (an torres ee - ‘Tee manimum rescon at C wt be when, east 1 span OC stad i} won 422 Rena MEBOIMDalporin Caw 5 7 + re er» ; ‘east span E0's loaded Hn | apo My nae A#[email protected] ol ponion BCD x w i | a f 210x410 -200KNn ‘ IEE itera ctecamarnatiioomeame case at the mid pot the ewer boom shown blow. Calculate the maximum valve o Ay Red Me due ae . | case yen uci patin tothe pessege of two f00.N roingloads,2m apart wich Wave across he upper beam A, by talng invence nes. | aa te tes | ext e6 —— : ee ——— a!) i Ag= S22 near whores tome . os | ee aes oo rye daots sotto | adie A ae i | whe £2 % CCases¥mnuritng goon ar i a i Fi »| | (iy uo tote ohe8 ! as Men witha pon A Ayxb-tnteosed be | Caco 9 | n= 89 ones 1 : wa Aes toon Ja 2 Mee le | Z ton toma wren ie mo i - Me Etna when “mab easy ‘Theory with Solved Examples [TY i . nr —78 | cv Enineeing fe wen 0 won ie et (Cases: then unitlead isn potion FB Mes Pode? - Grn, Be, ~ : a4 {St fo Gra) (ox) o I, ee were Ht. Fl (iv) Maximum value of Ry: Maximum vate of A, BIMBO vitloceu ten tnapotionatteadisas shown eto © Maxinum value at Ry a Fy 8 Ya 1004 Ye 10 ~ = Te 100 +060 + 100 fe = 107401 (4) Maximum valu of Re: Mosimim value ot Fewil oceur when ie poston oltad is as shootin ma vate oF, Fonsc® YX 100 + Yox 100 075 100 15 100 sin (i Maximum valu of Mf: Masur vaie of -Mevlocea when ne postion ofa ia8 roa blow Me™ 100. Fp 100 ToT) Seactural Ants | 79 77 Thetenestne dagen voprasaris vrai of svossluncion suchas bend moment, acon shear oreo, spe odolecton atalied ston when aut concentatecoad ‘moves tom one endo other en ‘+ Muller Basous pinciple les qualtatwo ILD for any shucure eine: determinale or Indeterminate. According le Wis principle "he IL foray sess unction is represenies bylis cetected shape cbtsined by removing na esa ceed by tha sks uncon and inrocusing a recy gaeraize unit displacemen| int postive econ of tat sesa unc’ ‘+ TreILD fr 1eaoton, $F o* BM is near for daterminalastuctues and combination ot aig ne and euve for ndetrrnata seuss. ‘+ For3UDL longer than span, the maximum bending mamen|at any secon wilbe when, the UOL eoversthe whole span ‘+ ForaOLlenger than spon, the abso bonding moment wilbe whan section atid ‘of orc and ica covers tho whole span, ‘For 2 UDK shone than gpa, the maximum bonding moment al any section vl ba whe the stein dive loa in same rato ast aide he span. ‘Fora UDL shovor tan span, he absolve maximum tending coment willbe when, the secionie al idol span anc toads placed syrmatical athe cenit of an, 1+ Fersererolwheeloed, he abso\iewadimumbending ramen occurs when postion! apd is such at cota of span is ridway between CG cf load group and oad under consideration ¢ Objective Brain Teasers 03 Thegienfavesthowabeamwiinisinhuence 2. Vira ste orate ol intuonce Ine at 8 for fn lor shea lovee and bersing momen! at ——fenaon Reinga below? section"? pa ° : aoe £ 2 fr we f) 08. @ 04 om: © 02 @ 220 feretums — @3_ Asinply supported beam wh an overhang is "uaversed by aunt eancantaied moment om The vals ofthe sheat force and banding Seunsnctealestinerscae) momenta scion" ieetoaconcentaled ood ‘1 204N placed atmeh-saon sete (0) 075i and 2.25820 1b) Siang seN'm {@) T54Nand 108 {@) 10%and 304M Cineiateripibaioniony RABE ERS” earjaih sed Bamps ED80 | Civil Engineering oo « (9 eceveyntere 2.4 leony tomthe folowing. the correct values the bending marten M, km uns) at ne Sxa6 ene Ain te stay dearinate beam ‘show bet (wh ntamal hinges at Band hon a untemiy stowed toad 10H placedenal spars, tne tte tiatetnan (a) 20 e) 0 @o (@ +0 28 eam subjected a moving stituted ood of ‘kNUinmaxinum shea lrco¥iarcan occur weigh Ois ge f s a2! “msm” om ease ( sowe to) 4080 (0 s5i01 oss 06 Toinhoreetneciogem grentutorepresors (he varasonctaseesstenctonsuchoseacon, shearfrce. bending moment, dope delecson ‘ve to ntload revere suchas unit lores Luni manent om one ent ower end a ne ‘Srctue. Using above darten, the varaton of eacion aft suppor hen ‘un eemen’ ‘moves remit toright wi be as shown in Gliwice Cec] MADE EASY © — Ld Tex — 07 Asie appesteaischomintetce: The rnc tert boun 2 Soe towed Wachond a be ong Saarone ‘Seonectywcacaa win yon je (3) tntuerce ts tr creat fice st 8 {©} Infuenee tin boning meme a 8 (6) Infonce na te versa! teton at A (6) alone toe for vertical action at 8 08 Consice a simply sbpported best AB, it a ‘span Landwih oreangsaenyth Can G, extruding tthe eto ans ote right of B ‘espocvey Let Cbs an arbariyloeation on ABlatacistance a tor A snd btom 8) ade Dend €veporislocated nitin e overhorys boyend A ana B respectively, The infuenea ne igram forthe shea ore ae oop" » o> @ mabe EASY uence tra agi 9 Ws mae is 29 ow fe igue.Postbe va nests conpcssonOtedlnd se wae 201 sratee edt oN Loa oadstge: an espa Mevimentcietneinfe mene (0.10 Theinmwence in ormemert al pinto the beam showa in. ME] Suctuot Anolis | 81 codes: {@) bain A and hare wue and Ris he covet cexplanasondlé (@) bob A and Rave but is no a covet explanation tA fe) Aste but Ri ase ©) A'siaise burrs wwe (0.12 Assontion (Ay Wether minum BM a3 acon o aol waziman BMA she owe LUDL snout cover tho entire saan ota simole ‘beam span ess than tad enn Reason (A) Whether itis maximum BM at a scion or asobte maximum BM, the moving UBL shouted byte sacioninnesamme ravainwnieh eect cee te span, ihe spans eater than oad engi 0.39 Assoton (A MallesBestou pincpfeisa rest ‘sdely ured motiod 10 datorine quaitave Intuencelnesinan ndsterninale sect, Raton (A: The deleminationa! ne quattave intone lines is often of great value in secertaining the most severe siasses at peclied cecions of asiucioe 1) 2@ 3 4 5 6. (a) 7.6) 8 (c) 9. (400.00) Yo. (o) 11. (6) 12. (2) 19. Hints and Explanations: [—T7 1) @ L_ Sheartoce = 075x220 =104N ie 3 raat» 225% 2420 20446 0.15 tne maxima boning moment i 2 sino onde meen» 22512320220 sxpctedboamssnecedioaportbecers 5 aq) eee ‘oping Muter Breslau principle, we gotILD fo {© atmdspan soon (© stquaer san (6) uncartha portloadsecten Directions: The flloing dems consists of 9 Stans ena abo Assan (A) ibe Ofer a Rentan (oa are bao ‘oman the codes gen bt 7 vivwomadeaanypiblatonsery ROS EMS Tsay halved amples ED82 | Civil Engineering From sina angles BFC and DEC. we get BE OE Bc" oe BF Bro: 3.) Ds MAL {i nospootve ot, 5. Wen a coli made just 0 te ight of © ant ‘fsplacemens are givansoch inal A ipo 10 BC. Rs 6 is very else o 0, deplacement 1 to helt wil be zero and ha ote i wa ba, 2 gs Sathent aah eat onl No mse mengiecta 2 Hence, slope of c= B = Slope of are 1 ope a = Ordnate at a's Sy Ea Orda at = x8 028 s=025 ST UDL ss on span PA ve gel maxim $F ust to the rant ol 3 SF (Jroetosdeaos}es SF = ASN ne ‘Se tha unit vale of ILO, is 1.091 A. So tis Is fr veactan a support A MADE EAs 9. (400.00) Dead led is peso treuphout he pan and ‘ni veo canbe arangeatr geting maxirum, ‘ens lerce ne member Mavimm ens fre inthe momber Ww10 +20) +, x20, = 20% 104 10320 = «00K 10.10) ‘Acconingo Mules stay praia he KO for ny sess uncon iva stuctures represenied Dy is dolicied shape obteined by removing the restrain fered oy at siress “nction ang istoducing 9 dees ates generaized unit ‘ptacomont in the gestion ofthat siv65s {ancton" Solo bln x moment crv Doge at Aare gve ut esplacemert, ence anion o)rapresenteanect LD toMy 11.08) oan < eon) ram he 1.0 fr BM at seen ei clea hal ‘ho marimum beneing ramen! due fo single ‘monn point lead 07 sinpy supparied eam coceursata socton unde elo, Hercooptent ceorent winainadeestypublationsorg ) mppe ERSY ‘9.1. For the beam shown in figure drew ifvence tine éagrars tor the ellowing fin ean tn (@ Reaction Vat 8 (i) Reaction Vat (a) Reacting momon Mat {99 Shear lorceat Dane (0) Berding momenta D Frdalsothemavimunvatses ofthese quaities (2 fea ve oad o 20. G2. Teewneatloadestownin figure rlover along ssbeareol span 1omexes, aes Finatne maxieumbending moment which can ‘occur als teen avs em tee end ‘Ane. 1420KN 10.8 The obs system shown in Bguo, move ron let righ ona geet! san 10 matos. Fine tne absoiue naeervn Bending mementerne ‘de. 1 ana. 800.44Nen ‘vhesimadceasypublenionsirg. E00) Conventional Practice Questions swucturat Analysis | 83 04 A unierny dstrtd ine load of 60 8 per mate unollenglnS moves maveson a girder (of span 16 mares, Fed the maxima posive land nogeive sear force at secon 6 mates trom hate end ‘Ans, 140.625 WN, -€5 625 KN QS The compound beam ABCDEF is simpiy supported a AC. DandFthas wohinges at Band Eas shown a four. A uk ating load ‘moves aio the span ram A to F. Draw the intuance tine ciagram(cfotowing, tn eh — tine emt (a) Vericaescian(f,)at (2) Vericalreacdon( Rai (©) Bancing moneni (Ht) tC (@) Boral moment (at 8 section S. 3 away tom A ©) Sheatore(¥yats (), Bancing oman (H) ata secton Twhich iene mispoirtot ean CO (@) Shoartoro(¥3tF {Gwe athe pest valves te quanites so that ie diagram may bo casiy eran.7 : Cuarren’ Trusses 3.1. Introduction ‘Tusses are most conmen ype ct eructure used inconsivetig bung res, bikes ad ier ce ‘A tus can be consiucie by svig sender mambo cined together at hot end ty bong, ug ot weld. 3.2 Classification of Trusses ‘Toe ustes.rn bo cles ito (@) ple tusses (20 russes) (©) space tusses (AD misses) Tha plane russes (7.0) ean seo be casted ino simple uss, compound ws and comploetiss (_Simpletruss:A simp ssf constructed rom he base wengul leer! 28 shown igure by comecing to member fofrmanaeiioral element Taciherelamanlcan befor by camecing ‘weimore menberstoresuting inp se, (ede tmp est cosines (Aten cteonoe Reng saps Fa2a (ia Compounderss A compiund russ famed by eamecing wo. mors sine hustes together ihe by hinge or hy adauorat members Carer ean tition mane Ess Siractcal Analysis | 85 ™ eo cE ry ees: i Es twusshss polygonal suctve, Nf 33 3.3. stability of russes oo Co era sity a sab 20 mats boing ee int lo oreo wo woo oa 20 anion aor wee condone, of suppor ascone a be pl rd cane sere ua st 1 | | fig eral boy nopar lhe tus canes reavoto eo opm germany lhe Scare, nue: sil oe clsons are pers. Fens geayereughmmbe, dl marae snl adeqese ranges eure ne Ent$51 cia esting maDE Ensy é eo Ee pss Fer plone tess he minimumnunber ol memoars eded for geometieeabaty ae mn Qj-3 Her, jatumbecot int bers ques fer geomotic wabiy an all he meres shoul be erangedin sushavay ttursconbe aces teil ero ecto guate mora 3.4 Determinate and Indeterminate Trusses Atascadero arate olan Fr oman an he devo sr aces anon Ii sec ecsermey gee tok ohentsscatcinaran tas cass tenn alonlooreii gree -Brevequited. Mien Te cere ncoannecy it hen amen goose veo, ms amtettnerbes (noone pose i rca (200) Ous) ‘2, 0. than uss table ana dolerminate, euch husses ar caked pelecr wussos ‘> 0. hen nus is sable but indatrminatoc ver silt 1, <0.then us is unstaie or deter 3.5. Methods of Analysis of Determinate Truss Tho dowrminate and stable tus can be analyse by using emul metheds such os @ Mesrod at pis W Memredofectons (ie) Grophicalmered-wie Mobrcagam (i) Barchalnmathod 35.1 Method of Joints ‘Ths methods sutabie when nics in all members ae tobe caletted. his method. ecullvumo! ‘ach iis cnsieres. A each ot Ww ezuatins of ellism are avai Teo W m0 ‘isl nots nat here aeorty to equations ol equitable al each ol equilosan aval al each sin. Hence ve ehod ‘anol be appeabie wien number of unknovas a each loin sre more thane, So in his metho the selection oor is very luscious. erocoocig ane tino ances Ha name at ‘sno forevs atom ere mare than, Sign Convention or Member Forces The exces nmotararesen by dau acs Fortonson aan are posting avy om eachother ae lor ecrprosion anows.ne ronan tovardseacnatner nave ERSM SS ee Structural Analysis | 87 (comeesios} “ ne . be fa ‘consider on Ao 1 force In 5 (Fs esta and force In AC (Fy) i¢ "4 ——A—+ Fa comroressve, { ‘The compressive free inmember exes areactons pointing awards ot and tense ore exerts a reacion pointing avay em neon, fe —————————— “The witnown [reas n rirtbws are caveidered os onal and ens forces ar akan as NOTE online aoe. Bb TanseaFoice = Poste (+e) CComréssiva tic = Negative) Procedure steps Gecko degree cl taticindetemiscy a D,=0 ‘hen tus is dlerinale'and sate. Such rete are calc plnfointed pares ae. For vusees he een support easions canbe found by using concions ot equitium. @ Ho (i 2,0 ‘The abovoconctons are applied er tues asa whole stap.2: Draw Fee body agra lta natch ory two uninantorces are present Now canier cultvism ont and apply otowing consitons ol equlionum nd unkronns, W220 W =o New procaedo acters ona by one at whichonly wo unknown forces ae present anduse above endtens ef equltriom one urnonns. TEREEIEEEIY Foros ina ons evans by wing roid tii. sluton: escton 3 3-0, T =o. @ : nh=0, iq 3M, =0 and Meinad of joint "+ & saint Conse equltsumetine'a 1mane ERS EESTI) Sacro! abyss | 89 ast Fowctons pad Ry Mo=60e2-0 lh Myx) Set, = O0x2n«z0%x0 fy soi ws Aye owt doe ' [Mothad of joints: ‘onside aqutranot nt he sete : a Clension) | Consider equilibrium of joint P. 8 w. 3 <0 Fo Fg S545" = 0 so: ¢ —Fe fs : a a ‘one cer equttnimal et & nn 0 ‘ we 0 Fg « Yt onts «0 _ i tho8 ehgthis« Sea, « fi «som rod } ve (Compression | 5 Fy -SNBHN (Compression) ¥ Feemequon() Fy 50 ‘eon * euson doin 7 onsite gti ote. a fy= SOHN (es) Fo OWN {ees | soi Consider gusta isnt 2 | ra bce = & sa ieaded wate ahown nthe given gure. fun B Mah ist (ember with Lis (Force) and elect he covect answer using th coces below Thee Fegan Pl ties fng= ADEA (Comores Bons eee Fromequaton Fass 0nd {anon 8. AS 2. GON (Compression) 1| | y dn ce su 18, 60; (Tension) I Jit . D. ar 4. SOB bil Conoresson) 7 ol | ‘Cons: equines : “~ | ao Fy edOsBsnase = 0 wo 2st i = dont {corwressn) Po i : : es WF 20. Fay AOR cosas? i oe = s0KN ronson ] Nae} tues: 20011 | Nene gptan(@hiscoreot ‘owning ) wrtiaceppionang—_~" MBOT Es ~The wih eee Cramer ED90 | cist Engineering MADE Ensy CSE] Iaenatying Zero Force Members ‘There are fotoning two thu lester he members having er lotees 1 iktprmeareres eoneeneritetee er thw seer Se reeera elena coe ea pad ; a eee A u, Fy-Fs Feast =0 Aah (eR e9) ‘eooan ta ct we cotinear member ree ans heen etna ceo Suppo each at \hotjint. then bone eotines: member wil have equiland ie foces Ey, Fa.36 'navove iguros mone: CO wit ear rerforce. 2. tata jet ony we members mee! which are nom colinear athe sno ‘tera foado supper reaction atta irtren tan the members wiley Corsica euaibrumet cin A 0 F,+ feos 0 2A = F,s08=0 From equation(. nm get, F, +0 cos0 = 0 Hee, A=f=0 Foveg Imabove wuss member CE CA BD ane FOwitcany zr orc. eee Seed xapet noe EASY scl za | 91 umber of era free mambare igure, serine van oacing ws we en ow ts:2006 tos) nea, then hes membor wil cay 2010 {tives members moo ata jen ans oo hem ee cone, than force thre fro loacen tat i, Ths, using abo colon we Meily Bremer wien cary revofces, r Henep opin )iseorect What i he acjoiing ie? ee m= Ped (2) Pons) (0) P (compression) {} 2P (lonsie) (@ 200 es-2009 | fos) . ‘Thove'e moore att E sothe vee menor ECs zero, Hence onton (is cored£2 | ext enguaing ADE cASy suuctucol Analysis | 93 “ilmamber ole wuss shown inthe Below igure are pin jointed. Celoulta | sho ceactone and irces fa tho mambers L wi 1 x. T - Moanin inn tn tanto es 2021 | feyteeaees tee aeee | eee Jol the given wuss may be given as | (e) ECand AC (6) EG. ACand AB | Tegan semen we en ‘i ies: 209) | 4 “wee Dye Or e-2Ktt ook ‘Since member OE snd EA ra clint a rofore oni Hance meme ECvleayzealece Nowatjcnt Conomambere DC and CBare cotinea’ and no enteralerze conjoint C Henee meer Caw eau rove. Fxg), Hence option(s eonec, FEEEIEER) his tte rcots manor AB tt pred are oe show Baw | fenctos: =o Hat he (@) Prention) | rot, Romeo to © Pleo So (c) (Comprossior | From equation (i, we got OR ° a “ uate arse) (@) 2010 ies: 2081 vi eo, 2M=0.(Fomigh) nit ‘Ajaint A, wo members meat and Were sno extornal oud anoint A Hence beh member meeting al! HOHE sine) 5 ‘Awitcory eof. ! x : H From equations. we get can | Honeo option(s coat. i seer! 194 | Gill Engineering a0) maoE EASY ein Consider ecuitium joint 3-0, Fyesnb-5 0 fe Fgh 3s — Fg = 62544 esion) Fc CO80 + Fig B78 = 0 Fig 2 378-625x2. aren feo ‘Sinco Fg. nestoe BC and GD wa ety zoo forces. soi D: Consider eauioiumt ont 0. Bee Fcest 20 “ F feed 7 TF 20 Fac 8inO+ Fggt 1000 ‘ - Fees 10M Como) , Jo E Cost este fy {Comeression) “ Beso fast Fors Fag itl cay ein Consiae euiioumalcn 2 Byoe5 0 fond a8 3 fg* -B825HN (Comereesion) er 000 + Fy 37 275 (62548 «0 SincoF, 0, horotoreJtand scar 2.0 ree As ares Hare NG vat ea eaty Dro Tovce Join 7 Consier equines yr, Fd Fi sin = 0 Fe = -G6258N (Compression) + F000 + Fc «0 fa* -ZO2-62720 minoe ease _relansnenpeonciy ) Ch <0 th Sv aes mane eas sree Aaa | 98 ot F Consider equibium of in F had Fagn Fiptb0 + Fern Foti = 0 fg-s25ch- 10-628 i % ear ead [a er [Fas on | ae To [= | es we | ‘eas | Temi wo] 8 ! a | as w |. 0 rales " | 2} 0 : nfo 5 | wo |e - mm |e 5 pe | 10 | commas | | He | 8 - | "s | a2 | commas «|e a " «| wo | 2] | 352 Method of Sections ‘Ths mottos stable when forces arerequred criyinfaw morbers itis mated whole wuss iscut iniotwo portion and eqltoramol enh pian seonsidred Fr woporionse! tus, hefelowng equalions sf equitrim sho be sas, @ Heo cy 4, To doje min the unknoummember tres, an magi eeton i ulin sueh avy tat esenoun ee canbe deleminsdusing above equations. “Theimaginay secton maybe vera! bozo ig zeg erry share, Corser atu show below ansloreas in members HG, Cand HD re required, cue wuss along secion and conser equllbruml other leh fe beay argh lee bed.96 1 Cuil Enoieereg mane crsy | gape eAss = EEN) smal ins | 97 ” - ——— = . ‘The unknown member force Fig Fy 3 Fe Can be found by the folowing cantons of equilbrign ‘pasa coer oie os @ Bo (ai EM, Using method of section toe imamate (a) 40kN (Compressive) {© sours {© som (oomoressie) {Gran oomoesstey pose iD coining equa env son Tl IF, 20; Feg=P (Tensile) ” “Hence option (a)i correct. 4, 0x6-14x3=0 Using methodol eeton, 2 =0, Heneeopton(c)iscorect. The fr rae aes he (2) PTonsiio (&) PComoressive eee -BM (Compresien) (c) 2P Tensite (C) 2PCompressive ° ies with Scivectiempies y= AON {) TORN, 5 RN and Sk (@) 101N, SN end Zoro (€)5HN, 10 XN eed Zero (6)54N, SAN and Z0r0 st) Cun a section tough BC. BEand AE snd consider le ve boxy a given pinjoried ane, 10x24 Fygx2=0 1088 (Compressan)98 | civil Engineering DEER Fie i rember ioccesin nea ber marked A B and Ol ihe tu thon oo ‘ 1 i = 60s @ 2s 1m : (8: 2015 nk—ssnaravie»— 4 | ne six mem aowe Taking moment about joint 1 } AE) = SK)» 53) + 146) + tO(9)+1OLH2) +5115) | a mm > somone A = 30.557eN Section ¥2tisas ekoun abo, Considering ha equibrmol LAS zeton xx and stg reenent bot, 78) +503)» A) = 5) 2 RG) HS = 1 a Bs F, = 8.3544 (compreseion) ao (ve 1004 10) mane EASY he “moe EASE ons Cconsideing th voricalequbriur ot RHS of secon yy Feet ag +104 1045 = Fy 2 Bes 0883 50 Fg = -SBQR5%N 7 Fy = S025} (Compression) 1 Freeiamembor Aso Force nmember 1 = SE026%N (Compression) Foreeinmenbsr = 38.323Kt (Compression) (REISE Fc csr oF nd eer ts war nom ww Soko: ‘hus given ss is eteminate Reuoton: % Hyotye He H= 10 2, =o, Perey M0 Rx 164 10x6=0 1 Rye -A75KNCD wed A= 7580) Aigo, thyx0 Frome Pyw® Ham6~0 Hy= BAN (e ees, He SANE CConsicer a secon xa showin ite 0 wy100 | civil Engineering ‘Now consider equim ote orton of as Th=O —— Fegcosd-3.75 =0 378 coat 378 BIS ON Cension) 20: Fig We Hs Fain = 0 oe2sxt Fp +10-Ss6250% 20 Feg=-IOKN (Compression) 3.6 Methods of Analysis of Indeterminate Truss the dogreect static ndelerinacyis geal han zero en uss sealed inderninal oecunda. Traindeleminate ss canbe analyse by oboving mathods: (@) Forcemetods- examples sr ulloadtiad, sain energy method nd Manvel method. (©) Displacement methodStreeematnaiEqulevim meted, (2) Graphiclmatod Inyusses. goneraly Os much lower an Oj, Hence farce rmetodsareprefoze. 361 UnitLoad Method Conser ats show bean Op m4 ty=2 32244 43-8241 Dyn fe-8 O,=3-9=0 and Dg = m- (2-3) = B-@rd-3)at ‘Thus the above truss is indeterminate lo 1 degteo and indeterminacy sierra. intemal ore isredundun ore, Lal S, 5, 5,8, ho final ces in the members due fo ier enteral voding ‘Shce he tussis idles o gree. Hence eave one of hemenver say Abner torske te rersvng vse determinate, ‘he above dotaninale wuss may be aye by wing mahodo! into ated sections. Let dus othe given lading, force intuss ae Pi Pa ny (Say Pays ol ces) Ging MADEERSS — ERNE siwvturat Analysis | 101 Remove given lod, consist thao is Xorcom AB Since members rernoved, hance pal fxce eaual 0 member force X ot nd. Let 0, Op Opn ($49 C-ysom 0 forces) develope in embers due Xereuin mabe: AB. Now auncload's applied Asnd Bsuch haictcesiomembers 00 hy Ry Kowa (SP Keysiom ol oes) “The fralforcesin meer wi De wore, ‘he runvaeol xe sue theo ain eragy sted inte sytem imum “estan enrgy soradinal members SL _ 5 Demme Lae Dae Feimeimansisinenory wy ae w a PRL yy RE Lge hg? Procedure step 1: Chockine egies ofsaicndeteminscy and asco tat D,= Yandthen ini the redurda Step uss redundar ost dagree then erave he todundantjveiouly 0 tht cescl metus vit be determinao. Find Pesytemo frees P,P, Py Pu Wo ven 839, hejpns wmavemesnber seanovedin ‘Step3:Alerave ab exeral acs and app uritloadatbatwoen the ‘he declan of member semoved. Due oui oad at joins nd Kya ofc Ky Ky Ryo Ky102 | cit Engineering EEE) | MADE cAsy —— Plea Suuctural Analysis | 103 Step-:Fncinatacesinatmantr(¢-atemoltrces) Pesyetom ot free a en ne sober [a ee [TS ase Sr Atae | Son E Conse ential et fea | 0 Pygtod = W ta Sy Pye, | w gi shel ck L 1.25 (Tension) ole: Calcuatonottsrrarodsholdbe dor tabular ae a paerott Peot 125108 = 0 ase ntemally Indeterminate Trusses Page -07S WiComeatnd Find te exial foce nthe member BC ofthe Kame shown in igur Tha es “ ‘igure brackels Ineleate the crass sectional area len, The members a lef he sare mate, ca Pag 125 Wee « 0 Paz 125x088 Pax O75 (reson) Prot 125 Wei = 0 Pay “128 08 Pape 125 x08 =-W (Compreston) Joint 0: Conse quorum! sin, ¥, pcs « (vers: aor vere Teste) ° a Pag Pcos0 +076 9 Pog 125 Wx 08+075 W= 0 ° Fg -191(Conpasen Letmanoe Ecisreice Aerrneralemanter SCetc te usscenemase. | cal a 7 e 1 an system of free: Remove given b9cing and apply uit oad ak Band Cin the ection cf member Cand nd ksystemo nce. 1 GW ercin steams tone tas 1D a i c [3]104 | cwit Engineering MADE £1 ae ‘Jol Consider ear il E: aessene Joint 8: Consider equitorivm of joint 6, BS 7 oa = = ~O.8KN (Compression) ‘ — a pene aww ee a = ee a } 2A=O; apt hy o088 0 Nee —— taco ran ae co ome [ace | * | [tem] Se | ac {8 ° a | 2 o saa | wo | ofa | | asf oem | am wo | | a | a] om | wm] aan ee o 125W ° 250 ° | oo oc 20 sw 06 190 75 H00 atta | et ene eee ene : ofa tm |e | om Geena) Pn 201) mane EASY Seat! naiyss | 108 Forceinredundontinenber BC. = ae =-0se1w Compression) of EEN ces ra as ee Ta, io os nove savonatra eno sen cots acon. ae sete wa Ig = =~) Tecenana Thus he given sss ternal indeterminate degree Letusconsice’tnemamerABiseedindan ng Now emave AB and remaining wuss determinate P-syeiom ol Foret: sin 3 and sin = 25 caste ag 8 SI Fig fe 03 ant ang, hy» Pucoety = © e xP 3 280. 3h = “w vig "5° oot, = 0 «a Soivng (and Wi. weoet 12SATEIN= 90.19KN exon) Po Pe -125KH (Comereston) (Cwaimsdecosypublictions.org fIADE ERS thes i sovc tana LTD106 | CWil Engineering MADE Ensy Jobe Sima. p= Pao = 4207S KN =90.198 (Tenlon) Pas = Pac “10840. (Compression) sein: a0 zy 80.1350, - 9018 na, = 0 Pag 2x90. Rid = #300400 ensien) ‘system of orcas "Now remove etna oasing and apply ani oad al Aan Bin the deco meme vrnoved vor 2 o.« By eon de city 8 ar ented who 3, oe Bios 3he o gi, «gs, <0 a Sytior the x0 “ sono ast. veg convey ces) Ber wi i ss mape EAS on a Korte 0 Tena co | ws} -$ | = [omer samo nas so jets -renzo| 2088 | 2100 wo fess e.z0| 2008 | 2100 | co | sas] ua! uw aie oft | ae Fy fe | neve rent tea x 28 = even 1 - 965 ‘The atercs (este lees) ae tabulated above. 46619 {ension) ‘case etamaly indeterminate Tass Find the p tho me ‘tthe tse shown ia figure. The WuSS 1 | hinges at Aend simely supporiad at C and Ei cares 2WN,,¢ KN and 2 KN at nodes @, Hand 7 raspecivaly. The dlagonals make 45" wilh he horizontal and veical member.108 | Civil Engineering Stuctral Analysis | 109 moe csss NMS) aw awh considering int & e_ fw B20 x A 2 Fag it me Fggt afbcoets" =O _. NA 2 tian 2 Ae Sntconeesen = % 7 . Cconedering it as - s # Tr f,=0 : Nes 2004) we bie FagtnSt <0 Fut Fegcontst 1 4x0 7 — = fees eee a i The degree ofndterinacyo he givens may be given 36 2 B Dy ms 4-2) settenson) = Fay2-B¥O(Corpresson) es fees egesteo 2 Fagn HE Nts) A * Opn 744-2010 consent = Ope IF <0 3,20 on Howovey, this sss ineraly determine is externa indearinat because ol rune of | = Fyt6=0 = fet tee ‘vera eacions re ocean the avaebeequtiam equation, I Fer pieutcompresson =. Fue 4h (Compression) re . Paysiom of Frees: i Sooo ames symmatcay acs, be frcesi bamerbess he Removing ne supper at Cth nus wi bone sical determinate. ' sneha igh! be seas ei ctesponing marbors 1743-2410 i wh areal | FD FoS-anaucompressn) Fig =Fa=4¥N(Garoession) A Fa Fig ABN (Tein) Fags Fey=~488(Comsesson) fe Fe aantersen) Fr eint(Comaresson) 2 WN Consion) Fogo ti (Coriresson) ; Ksytem of forces: Kent nsaremarmayigauniocre\petntaomt ‘Since he nasi loaded symmaticaly, he eacions lhe supper wl be cau ’ Y= Wain ‘Assuming tension as positive and compression as negative, { 4 CConsiaring on if } ¥ “ oon te tr, x20 ' oan = Faso =e 4 va | comidning Jolt 3 Fie dacomne _ ee ste ‘conden et law ~ Sit (Teneon) 3, <0 ' considering lt ase A Fgsitst = we Fee Freon 20 | 3 ve ® + " | | 2 Rysedsr +0560 Kygeosas"=0 2 = ‘ Fign- 4B xe x i 1 a z fe | = g--os sn 0508 * =O Figs EN CTension) ge ANICompronstn whe 05 VEtCome} > Kip MINN CTEnsnd omy : _ - ty ee a “ian Giaaraa teat noe ena Saeco) «Cones REDE EASY ___ vowed 2$= Pe KX(chownintabi) ne Key= Kye = OS KN (Teron) REEDED rs te forces nat members ofthe ruse ifeuppan Bmoves horizontally | 054s(tanson) Kgs Krys -0584N (Comprestion) te ight en Banrteke A 2800 mn? and £ = 200 GPa. Ka = Rog SN Tension} Keo= Be an Tenson) K, ‘Simi forces nother members willbe given as he Kea= Koy 05 (Comressin} 052M Compression) I oo] tctural Analysis | 111 110 | civil Engineering MADE ERSy mabe EASY . Seucar Anns | Conseeing jin ha pet = -(280+ 12Vés) 290 rae) com oe TAL = ses 2a : Kn 05V costs <0 Kee SVB ens'=0 ‘ Te veaconat maybe given as = Ms O54NCTesion) = Ke=-O5HN (Compression) — rycen BA aig Pk | Conseering jin 6 ae | BF, 20 iho @ xt i =? MeeSts' 605-0 Kaye Kecteast-05~0 adie ee ie tute moet hve sae x siless, an = Mage 9848 1am)» y08-(-088 x5) Me heme xt z os ae BE x = Kay= tit (fensen) pee Considering jl He ~{e00 +120) mas Tro Bao tH, = kee ox BBE oso 3 Kyosa0 = keno ‘ ° ie “a 2 Kg= (Tension) Te lrcosneaermenbercanraw be given as Teigiengh vera ahoizeta mannan wee monies [RTE wee me | Ot | |e [4 fs os || “25 | oa | 71 86 05 2 | 0253 | 071] 4 Fa |42)-05v8| ea) azn lose + 4 80 05 [a | 2 [om | on . ow fs} 1 fal wm! a | oss Sota: GC |av3] 0508 | veo] 2.0 |oovta| -1e0 m Jolojalolo lo | -4) 0s | a | 2 | asa | -o7 From HJ -4] 05 ja | -28 | oan | -07 wo |w2}-05,2| 20] taosies| 1 ‘hus te genus edema neetorintete Bf [ ee 9) [oat | on Tags in Systenomnactn Pore 0 fa] os] a | 2s foass | an isan now emoneais® y ghSYA”fy | mw fs} 1 fa) -m] a | ose nominate | | Cav} 06,2 | 2a -2véa|o5.a| 192 Reactions: | zoo o 05 | a | 2 |o2 | on } ' i rower be Lo Te mADE Ent Loc [a — ‘sive ent ‘wornmadeeasypubations.ory112 | clit Engineering mADE EASY Swuctural Analysts | 113 Bhs naarntce CN an etqr etc onsntnntette Ely =O, F,xB410x3=0 ‘ y= A75KNGTY "a a wen, T= Pq= TORN. (Tension : : ay Pep 8 3.25KN (Tension) ee x0 3754 Pasi = Pogtcd a8 375-28 4 Se . , oS dein gg BPag? 1875 «0 40 sw Nop ace olodatignt Hence, Solving, (i) ans (if) wn get “ Pog 212548 enon) sein 2: . Paq= -2.%25 (Compression) ‘Since noload at O. Hence, fone Joli 4: . Thao: Peco = 2.05cost theo yen 1 (los be p= 2128H0 (ono mee Kero ' B20 Page 8105 cha Pesnd =o jue 3, 3 1—_—_+—&e fre -(a28x 2010502) (mds) ea Ep eee] he . wo fasle| >| o | | ss ane oc |-ais| 0 | © | o | o@ | -995 30: P0350 7 me lawl o nS fen steht Conse) wi lanle Pan ee | ae we er | ais] 0 jo o | 3a solnt G: arse ac | wl wo | 4 | 2s eo, 10s 3128 000+ Fescond mw janjel>{o |e] we ansntenext MMR UM fo re [em | oj se fo} ar ov eo jf oft] 4 | oe | 4 | ws + 105+4P— ) ee | Pop 98751 (Tansion) MSA teare | L. = ees ; ——— i ERE Gail ssid. BADE ERSS —~“yaadansypalhcuon ay.) ne hn ee my yeeMADEERSY | mave ERs Siac naps | 115 22 [var ant _x2hh | . 2 (odio) A x The final farce member (S system evces) are tabulated above Geaystom of forces ia x (33.11 Effect Due to Lack of FIT a "menber me teat n 8 ay some er oe lb rmaoussny ACistseteda suits auotay semonte kenetaceg eas ‘Awl induce lerces in all members. I ACs A too shost, thenitwill be puled by aforce “ ono a0 Torr stent le at ne dectane AC eto mi fc oeee (cares iairontersnoyeecseutes Say tacestoira ert ecomed sda Aand Ca compas ee Geactinbe caesar Leta icesinvorousmenbersaeto fee Xp ACO, OO sence ke Hons tal rn egy ot be oe cous = 3 Guy ec op . % UAE, "ORE Be 204 romney Soon ci x mee Opt Qacout=0 a redundant ame subjected to extemal fading and some members are Oee% 20 100 on9 oF 100 shart the nat forces in members wil be ME S= S+ ik = ~58 (Compressive) vee Salenattete tees mabar od one = Kaysemotoe(.e tee meuces enter cca) x c = Force duo to ack ft ead K,Sht8" + Ocg= Ba 1 BRIS stare 1800 sion tow Fanny Os For S constant ne IBY e108 ateonbiad a theft. one ot ha nang z x (Say AO\e 0 ser, on nd oces dowipedin use mentors ag 2 carers oe Lefora ing ot amber AC. “ela sain energy storedin marvers 16% is given by out B = SSk og avien Us Dgge ya me Thus heqventonetsiedcennae = Mets Hence eto nckol wince induced n abmemberset ane Theor wil Sciedampls MAGE Enis ‘Wwewisdeenyplitadncay ) msde ERSa "Theory winsome ans EDcal ans | 197 116 | cat eagneteg maoe.eney | mae epst Suc irs | norte - =] Hence above nase indetominaeo cee® oe tine ne mere Ee xetuly he res “B+ | wees | iicevced mmembers Ree mame ECis to “3 ean “ng ie meer wi be stgcedoconyession ae oy Kwhch acts atonts Cand Cae shoonin alae cass 82 | warn | + | -aaeesy | HE | sym of Fores we aaaeet | Ee ose Brce no eter oa aon A a | ade * ° | anaes | aca | xg Jol 8 mye [a8] ences | OF ‘Bree menace 3 & S wpa | Xa ° Lines | wee oe . a ens bay d= tevin) oN, <0 p= Kas = “2 cin) solo 0: oe Tao Opcorts «8 oe acs ers ‘Ttinalforceenducedinmenberaeiabusted above, ‘inte fing # was rotced that the member was 5 mm longer than the length requited. Find the lorco (2an ~ ee te afte ° | rates a na = aa =a | ‘the figure, compute the vertical displacement of nade 1 by EP displacement (stitfnessiequbitiriun) mathos. inane — ; . | ae Theta stan ener 20 ie Bye? 1 secpnossenanc i \ Tre aut cones} ct Fort vaue fx, 1 5 a, 2080 + 4,280 { ‘3,7 cheplacennent of nade Zin xceection fer j ‘The axial elongation (7) dor to mavernent of nage 1 enatiy ae . renee 24e tore Not atrnigatinn a 12 = 1A, - a.) €088 +14, - 3,J8inD __, BRBEERSH”” _sommdecspbletonza ) ‘eamadecanpisicaentan” RAGE ERE12 |e ning DAE ERS Bu, Netetongationat 12 = Fak as = P= AE ta,.-a,¢080 Now rom te sbove Fguewe have cxaer = fete Foreenbes 2 thw cto =0 ae eg» AE la, -o)eos r+ a, -0}sn0"] = © ‘Sinilanly, N51, Z Bae § £[. 3 on = Ellou a. receesrs(a,,4.,) nas] [ovr bean] Eauiioram equation atnade + Fat Pc cats nes t we GB (Ba. ayjenso + En, say Joos =0 GDresinidsscvedtsinoes " mBoe'eSH * pape EASY MAE forsee 37 a7a ve swalmembes say P,P, P,P, P-ystom ol lrces). Te lee ope Structural Analysis | 123 3, 4y wt Be + Ba,+ Se 20 = 2g 078.20 o wo - si «Pais Bee, tA lay eae) « j - SE (Bareay)e aig Elon ray) =P bet Ba, + aly ae - ag tet oye ay te Se A - 0780,,+087 a, From. weave Sbstuingin i, no get Deflection of Truss Joints “hedeectoncl ns jshtcan be ound by fotoving matode: +) Foree mebods: Mawe¥s mereant oad mets an sain energy nods. These methods Canbevsed led daiectonol beam saeco see, 2. Silfeas mothodsOisplacoment ratios: Thesemettods can aloe vsedlofind deletion boar, iid trae or wuss. 1. Graphic! mathods: Bar cain method an ot Met's lara. These mahods vied ont ft tr rr Mavotels Method/Urit Load Method Ccase-1: v0 to externa loading Toling th detecion ol jit Cotoving steps may be ‘Step-1: Due 0 Ho ld ssiom cate Ie forces (P-systene! oct} canbe caleusted by vingmelnes ‘wie ens!MADE EASY 124 | Gill Engineering ensu Postal Study Package PLOE| ‘0p 2: Renee gan eel os rs apnvuniloadal Cie ecto ol ese econ. Duet it adele lca mb yf, nk sem 8). ‘Ste: Te cancion Cine econ aplesurtoasisgnen by xt fe ae 1 ocomes pov he deteconcl i Cw inte ecion lunton navies. ‘The exevatonoldeecsonl ss ptcanbe done nissan Px a tee LGe oo Dk ge wont] PD [a fe> Ena ® z Si | 3 where, on {Ove to anal forces in members) A pm ~ Case-2: Duet Vasaton ol Tompsrturo items changes cous ben dalccn lech monberwilbe at where, T's changein temperature, Tisaton postive i nro sein empsrat.roandiaken negative thers alin temperature. Hence Kom (the deitton cf font C duo lo charge ia tempera in various members given by Sxuar (Caso-2: Ove to Both External and Tomperature seo Safes] wee, Pa sve (ton a) Tae ee) Tow an case Dus to Lack ol Rt sone Menbore F ' Comite aves omintgue moet 6c og. hen deecion on Cray genes toe Bm ‘ re | = Dacepanoymierge) 2 velar to st | cretrolang a ierice detiection ot joint C, bd ae Bea, ware, y= Aldine deta aes {due to somo oer llc suc a ack ot MADE ERS' IS29%9) Stout Analysis | 25 4 PL oS ae AL © 8) oe ans) P-aystom of forces: Consiaeroint 0, Peart Pegaso" EF, =0; Pent P- Pogsina = 0 Poy= 420 Pag -P Koystom of Forces: Femavelcad Pand ape unitlad st Pin dowevaré resin panei och . DOL, (PRL (ebo-PxD - Tha deleeion =e tection at, ae Be wt 2m “AE ora Pea P ani Pay=P + LL BL Teskanesagysctedinuuis, Us Usgt Upg= Pe Sk. E oy 009 he Upe> Pa au, on the detection at Cwtbe 2 We tet ge MHA (EERE, The coms nga us ot members having equel eo farva of 1850 mm? and young’ madulus is 2 « 1 MPa, The horizontal dellection ofthe Joltais RNa eae {o) 2.47 men (©) 1025mm (©) 1431 mn () 1568m0 past) 2, 20: Hy rain BMy=0 Hy x15+ 58%6= 0 y= 100K ae y= +1801 mage eneE126 | clit Engineering MADE Easy RmMao) Pesystm of Force: sein Py 2054 Keoystem of Forco: 12 ocevenmemters 1s PEL a= ar PRL __ 406202510 10? 2° AE * Tex x27 ao SE ’A tus i shown Inthe igure mombors ol equal cross-acton A and same modulus of easily E Avaric! frceis apliod at C. “The dallocon of pola Cis 21). f w (242) 0 ae | 9 BE 9 | co) (Bn (0) Bon | sac ' ‘Theory wth Solved Bamples 209) Assuring ens ores potive and compressive reas a8 negate. BPKL _ (B+ 9PL Detlecienatc, Hee Cea Delerine tho horizontal cispacement of rllar support of he wuss hows {in ftguo. The cross-secion of each mombar ls 3000 mn, Take E 200 kN? | tn I al oN po s@99 3" 14, «10H aye Pe soi AyoBtoor4 -abond 20 A, = OM sessan «2s Payson at Foren seine woo Pn 8855 Pp = 28 enantCoronssond » a0 ced Pay = 100 i Pig = 100-Py-cosd voiie—$oe 2 100+ 09-42 ane no © wre eaAtnd ee 14166181 cons Join Sneemente Adan) DCarectinr Here 3 1 Pigs ML.EBIN (ensian) (cowaadepiancen, MADE EAS” * “hes ised ange IY Structural Anabsis | 127ee POM e207] 128 | civil Engineering dato F ome ne mee Pct = etd Pg = C44 (Ten) 0 00 + 6044 co + Pe Fy cee0 = 0 ain ‘he Sine ronan? =) tooscadtnd ene eaaend =0 he ‘ yp = ERIN (Compression sine \ et Ppt 4 24445 = 0 pes as Foe * roa = 20558 Compression) Bao Pag Pogcosd =O ataey ne-s08s2 <0 ‘ean , Py 1889440 Canin) selon wae, jg = 2596600 Fa tos 244 in ars Keaysiom of Forese: Romeve all external loading and apsty odontal urioad a or supoor a sown in igure ana final Kom ol forces Ate lar a Kea Keg Kor 1H ensin) HBP¥eS eet The ober meron wilco zoos, 3 $ Beom_|_ Ko] tind [Ae vars | 3 eee ww | o | s] oe a a} oe sma] oo | a) 0 man} oo | sf oo wave} or [oa | cause sva9e MADE ERS! EMMITT 075] Hoizonalmevamentetrole spars vent, hee SE Themember Eland to atemporalre vse of 90%C. The coaficlent of thermal expansion of soc s €.000012 °C por wnt length. Determine te dgplacemont (em) ofthe jon rea to jlnt along the direction Hf the | sss, é 2 | £ g| el | Soto: | ‘Apply unt load al aha igen of HE an nays ol oces. Be t= ho 3-0: = BO) 2A =0 ‘Aiea, EM 1 Honea 7 egytam of lrcos ‘owe Sesion) aDmapecnsy | mage Ens Scag | 131 Consider one aw. ’ ' TARO: “15+ get 125 e000 =O 3 te | Kaos sO75H8 (ens ‘eaten ot Cite cecon of HE given by J ! Cension) es a2 1K(La) +H . enter | Kon) | atem) | Ke A Sut only Ean are subjected lo lempersue change. eps ts | os Ape Kylly rex Te KyllyeaxD ! ac |v | a | os mn ew | an) | «= sy xigonoxo.n0 1230} +f (50008 «0.00001230) iS om | - | 0 « 21827 Fka= 60 The tires mambora of uss AB, cetecioneiin ae ime [BC and EF as shown in fguto have boon cut ohr too long lor to shat es given Below. Calculate vertical displace, ol jont Dds to gerapancy Inte longth of these marmbors, ‘Al he mombers hava same area cross-socton. Byg=-BAIM, Byg= 2K, byp= Ain Solio: Apply verily downward uni load Dann system o res, ao2-0mm ‘Compulsthe vrical defection ooin Cue oa palitioad Pacis at. The sce changes in ongth de to point toad Paro shown. recone m0 te ® ree ah a eon bee (ees sete madre Mow detestonl som s gent. me0 | fi me) 0 Sa fia the: Hyak nb = ee, a Ai iomaeinmentes ‘ pear i= rer n nates mt 3 ‘ Hoste . taoneterdtectan secaed opawici Foca Fem lon Paro apie ot Cord ‘content | eyoral aces fa sits ces : i Sysmmen, y= Rea OSKN A) of cane it sein mee agent 0 reo ngs gigecz0HN Ger4resen) . Kasia 408 © Tied, Serge taenit= 0 am 28-0580 (Corres Sake toed se te p= -0794N (Comession) CG ties wit ssid eepes WURDE ERS madeenypbentins a132 | Gi Engineering Cees) Kg = Kuyc0sdt = 058% ont: ‘Since mem ABané BCaectnea eves, Ke 0 ane hee soln 2 = Bao: Kyat Kiccosts'+05acosas «0 Kg = +950N Clenion) Mg" 05K (Tenton) es +05/BKN (Toson) KqrOSx-f105Ex «0 Kgt05+08-0 ' eI Korth Canoressen) By syeevy, Kp Koyy2 TN (Compression) Kee Kyo +05/E4N (Tension) ays Kg 495K Tos) Kays Kage 0ST) cc mm | sm | 0s | 07 sc | sm | ss | on co | am | as | 100 oe jam | ts | am ew | am | 058 | coe ro | am | 0 | 20 ov | am | a0 | 20 ma | 30 | ase | ame we | o ° ° ew | ° ° rm | smo | 0 ° re | am | 058 | one | rc | a0 | ont | ome _| ws Dotocionalin Cis. MADE Ensy PT] 3.8 Influence Line Diagram for Trusses Toinfuence ine éagronusitlodmote om one ed och, Toobin Dine whole nuesis ded inotnvea 200, Zone-t: From et supporto heft a to inesectionie, ly Zone-2: Thal pane ol wuss nie secton tes Zones Fronbejatenerguetsectnione , / soppOA Ne. ly Procedureto Draw it tine ste toma se — dane —— ‘Step-1:Findthesupporeesetn ae lunch Fae positon at unit adie.» ‘Stop-2: When nade on el side ol socton win zone) hen consider igh portion ol ase Hin ‘vas of ramber ote by considering equbriomohat padi, Hleadison ight sib! sects ein zone), thon consider eqliboum ote porian a use Siop-3 Theiniuence ine when unit baci wihin zoe 28 cbaine by jonng te ena LO ‘ache endo zone 110 te ecinate LO al 2on8 3 by salght ie. see |UD tor UU (Upper Cova Member J (ncine Mame) ane t(Lone Chars Meme (Coe0-1: When unt oad in zane 4 AW wt te, Heo emet naa easy ‘Theory with Solved Examples136 | et engecng mabe ERSY Also, 2M, Ryxl-ml-a 0 A Hence tom equations). a ‘Since uitisadisin zon 1. Theelre consis ight poron of ss hye ww ND for igus Fiyy ato 2M =O Ae xllate) Figs 01 = fore ei)’ (2,28 hy = nll (2) Figg = w wi es a lata Fin = Me (Conreson) Froneaun Tomnedatte-r00.0 Figg =O a ituntloadatt, ie (Compression) than Fay m Dor Fi, 208 Fis aso Fn rao and veal decton zor eomecneta Fg = FCO) Figs) verbea component Fis, tolind Fz ake B20 FiygsinosR. = 0 Fond = -A, “Theory with Solved Examples ‘hice ens MADE ERSY = ERE) Seucturl Anais | 135 itunitond ina hen ‘unt nod sat hen For Dot Fy the My <0 Fay -Poxele) = 0 Fa = Fale Me {ension) io Bs coe i ntea al ie 2 Othon Figg =O ‘unions at Lgfe.2=a ten ig, +82 (Tesion) ‘case-2; Wen unt lea in 20r0 3 on so, tH, =0 as A, x(Sa)- 5 x (Sa~x) =O \ et tond ati NO or Fy 00 Fs ost Fug ntazoalandvertsacheton 440001) oizoniatcorponentol Fj “ine SASS “Theory with Solved Exarmpes |136 | Gill Engineering Voriclcomponanto! Fine =F 0) Told Fig the, My =0 Pyx2arFigy x0) 20 cleneain.c= tate Fy 9-8 (Compe Herttondis a be. =80 han Fy #0 Thin Fi oo, 1-0 * Figs = A, Gana Pas > Sena) Figg = EASE ca Wn iowa a te. = 2a tren Fig = Wont loads at gio. c= Sa.tn Ay, =0 Seosece E2488 onion) MADE ERs4 PETE T2979) Smucurat Analysis | 137 hee ‘Cago-t: When untoad isn zone + eee ! I hea, eigees — axsa-185-)53 gan Ae vena. nek Sceundtoais name rene conser ig patent ts. Tole Fig. B20 Ae-Fiys 0 Figs» Re 3 (near) Nuntload eat 6, La. = 0,th0n Figg =O untae at bie. nF = 2 oon) (Cano-2: Wan unit ead isn ore 3 “a Re sco untleadiein zn——<—_____ MADE EASY 138 | Citi Engineering otind Fis, he, 2 Punittoadisat iyie.1=38.then Fy, «2 (Compression, r tyieradatton fy, #78 sito is al Lge x= $0, then Fis a 4 & ewe ADereUA, to mente) Ts coving opt oem ach aDown Gimme ut ak ad thon ofc n a mae Me 0628 8 GemtayaSst(compressem chs teams spacey ‘Use elgn convention as mentioned below: | Peete + tension, epee corerson 7 raw tho ittznce fine digram fr force n member Ms Sato: ‘Theory with Solved Examples NTI 07] ase asecion x Cuting members UU, #4. Aland LL, andconsider te equbraml hoe pation, (Won tne unto at, Structural Anois | 139 y= 2220175 wand Ray, #0208 Henson) Fain SAD Pggs = 1-fy= 1-078 = 025KN Fay = 025-Fiy, 80 2025~(0.208 x08) = 0.125K(Lnsion (i) Won be wittondi at, a= 22-0508 and Puy, = 05288 (compression) Faas, o Faas © 0375 + (082 x08) 0.687 kN (lon) +A, ~0825 = 02754 (i) When te uitoadte aL, st a. 05 ond Py, = 0416} (compression) Buy = BarFigusnd = 05- (04163205) - 025.0 (compresson) — i i | | I | ‘eimole vars is composes tam sl Vianguar one ® + Acompound wus sored wen wocrmaresimplewussas ae ined ether byhinge or 2écuonalmennbers. +A plane ss is exoraly sible i minimum twee independent supper reactors are ‘lable whichare ranporale and concent ‘+ Awwes internal stables rimum number of member ar equals to m=2j-3. + Toanabbesaicalyootemnate rus ther ae bomalhods: ( monods ot section (uy met + atajittvee mambers mee! cclie mo ate catinea: hen he member vl etry atc W var so fercesticre + tlatajpiciwo merbo1s mee ane ro elena oad steve then bth member wil camry zerotoree.140 | Cit Engineering E2075] ave ens mane Ensy Postal Study Package EXID]| Structural Anaiyis | 144 Thointuonce eter frceinmenber BCvailbe G1 Thecaniovartame showninthaghanfgusis suppotedty vricalinks Band Candestiae toads a shown. The cen ne bar AEe Bye (a) s00kg (©) 1000K9 (2200 (@) 2500K3 2 Theloreinihe member Adel he rus oun intha givon gue is own (a) 25kN compression (©) 2582 betension (9) BiBieveamoresion (6) 25hN tension 2.3. The pinjpinted cantover ss is ade ax shonin gven gue The force nmemier Ds eos I iy (0) 4040 Compressive) ( S0KN Compress) (6) 1204eN (Campos) 4 Asinple pare wuss ecleduponby load 2Pal thaapex sshpun below. Teast tc nthe momber ABs ; _ 1 we BP 4, Be @ BP QW js the veri! datlecton of ont Cot no ‘tame srownbelor? (@) Puac ) 2Auae (Purse (6) 3 PUAE 6 The gventquie shows a pata buss I f i oN . oZ wo ts a CL o (0.10 teintuencetne er force inmemeer BCs 07 Teinvencetre agra LD) chown forthe mere (0 6 was of, © 7 0 0 ZN 0.11 Ail forcns in sho members 1 = 2 and 4 = § 2 uss shown in he given gure ave respectively 8 The caret shops of th ete polygon forte Jot Bot the wuss shown inthe given gues |). oo a ie © <—_] — moe & (2 S04 amore ne 25m ors) aw (5 54 ent) ont sons 4 © a) (cones). Ir (6 10 cast) nd S08 . (conve 29 whatisthemaximuncrsinaeterintenceima (25 KY (compressive) and SoH 2 lerthe loci the mamtbaravhed X? tensa) Ranen! Gamma __. cael aaieei on) L*0.12 Astaicaty doveminaie wise POR eutected toaremperaure tao 7. A Eansuatecenent (oral mombare Tha ere inmember QF de to his temperature increase is aor ) VBeAuar @ eam (6) Nore ot ese 0.13 Aioloreein he member Botte wuss stax ina giuan tyro i (unere w= 20°) (© 10a (150 1.14 Thevorica detection the int ' ofthe ae shonin gue ue te lamperaure rise of 6 E ine yxpet ehows member oy {Given he coetiet of ezpaion = > 10 por NF and €=25 10 glen?) * (b) o606.inct) (@) 0.901 em(ls @ ow (61 0.367 em¢t) 0286em«T) mos mAbE EAs (0.15 Consider tn given aus shown below: “he urbe of 2erforee member je ws 4 ot 2.168 Apinjoiodttame isehonn nth iguebeow ‘he nude ol rember) hat ave zero ilo as me ws ws Lie) 2) 3 ¢e) 4) 5.0 5.) 71) & (a) 9. (0) 10.00) 1.) 12 @) 13. (@) 14. (8) 18.(6) 18) Hints and Explanations: 1 There fnoforce at solorees in memos Bans AE wile 20. wormmadeeasypubicatons.org ) mane EASY 2 e The reaction aot supp = 254 Ccuting a sectontyavghmemerABand othe rorzonal membare of the game panel and corsidringtetipanol recut eecton Tha orce inthomombee A be lensis, 26, =03 FigXC084$°=254N = 25s24N (erlon) ) eacto’ at Eis Hex3= 0x6. = Has0Ke Soforceinmemer is DAN compressive. © \ericatReactonat 20 eb ysinas «Poo > Pg ~¥2P Compression) ‘ophing eqiorum equations at > Pic cot Pages 20 (Assuring ACin ors.onand Ci compression} 5 Pe=Pe ‘a md hao wmadeensypubllctions.org Maeno) 10. mine ene Streturat Anais | 143 =PigSiG0 + Pycsn0t P UFemt0 Fag Pad) = 2h .ctinaot =P = Pen P Sain orergy sredin AC, gs Sh. Be Ye" Dae" DE Skah energysredinC, St tt Yes Bae" DAE U= Ut Yes . ye BL, Be * Dae BRE 5 vu. Bt Voricaldatecionotan'c au 2 fe BFE re} Foiceia member BC. ven the lead right of O. ‘lbs zero, Winen lad is betwenn Aa. ‘helonsiaterce win maxinumatvet until ievolep. So correct dagrar s a6 shown in ‘igu(6. fe) Thatoiee polygon eopresenta eres aon! There are 4 members ad toad Walon 8. Howove force in szonal mone let of 8 ef. Thus hare are Imarbershaviagnon-ter0 {cre So(a)stheloce polygonstonng étorcas, Other igus show Storces, @ ‘When tho unit nad is ayer co height side te ott 0, re oa wi be ransmited to Ue ict Hen lore posiion ofthe writ oa, ‘hate wl be no force ine member BC. Wen ro uiloads exact a Cte ere mame ‘8Cwitve equals 1 Cena} When ihe unions ‘exactly at hen aorotoadievansmited to {hjont Cand nen for this pstionol ne load 80, there wil no foe member BC: SaarPostal Study Package EXIE] MADE EASY 144 | Civil Engineering ne) Ong a section eeugh 12: 2-5: nd 5-6 ote ia tant Taking oman o el par ba 8. 4 e Fra= 2225 rcowcrensie) —— casero ra os Fug = SOVDKN (Comoressive) © mse memerersine 13. (@) a Eeumsommoen: meee 400x510 x60 satnen9* et) om oN Tata number of merbers whose earning 220 Fa forces ae namaly AE, AD, OE, EFL, tout 41) 16. (e) The vrtcal deteton af Cis, Aljpin 0 theres ne exert oct and amber e+ le) ‘arena cote, <0 frees in bah memes wl Here, or all members peo e — ‘ jor force never EFwilbe astern area aa ‘menter €D's0. " ‘As the tmperatre iis only in upper chard members. esoore cargo in lengthin alter ‘member zero Aji. rosin rarer HB wt ve 0 Atjoin vais vere eacian so forcen tes mamne Gaba, mabe EAss eT ‘Conventional Practice Questions Stcturat Boas | 145, 2.1 Findtorcesinalimembersctnewues swommiN Ans. Fy =~10,1 HN, Fy = +20, Fig» 2020, fava. Fyn s20.208N, Fy, BOBAN, Fuge 24.54 AN, Fige = “BEGIN, Fg = ¥ 2887 AN, Fog = 14 43K, Fg HA ASIN, Fey “ABR Faye 21 054N, Figs #MEONN Foe = 72208 14 Te pinjcned wuss shown in igure low is ‘Simply supported al A a Band cai oad asshonn Al memberenave a recs (0) unt bencing moment inte teh > (©) macimumbendingal acre (8) minimum bending monentat he cram 2 Asymmeticalparooleatenolspanzometes Qs and rise Sim is hinged al the springing. ‘upoors aunemly detibuedleader omnes per metar ain of he epan. The hszoia ist intomee at each ott apdaging orn @ er en (@ 20 03 A syrereiis! Wee hinged parsuae ach of ‘nan L anise is hinged at spring anc oun. Nis subjected UDL ol wtroughout tho span. Wiha ¢ the bending more 8 a ecko i kom a a support a * of ot ng ame a 4 Vertealreactionat suppor Bel he sincueis os we © ee o% om QS A parabate arch, syrnetical wh hinges a Genie and eri, canes & poet Had P at CB reer wih veda EME 2075) maioe EAS mane ers stances tomletsuppor. Thearchhasaspan 120 mance ofS, What isthe vale ofr the et hinge reaction icinod with 3 ope of tice vertcal olwonedaenia"? fam wm em (6, 8m Atveatinged rch shown e igure quater ol @ circle I the vericat ane horizonal components teactonat Aare equa. heave | NO ae oe ox (rove Aveo hinged parabotc arch ABC has a span 120m and a coma ee of 4m. Th arch has Fnnges a heer anda the cenve. Atainol ‘wo pote leads o! 2048 and TORN S m aoa osses ho atch tom ket fo ight wih 20 EN toad leacng. The main ttn (@) 2500101 ©) 20:90 (ey s1.a5i A witty dsuivtad lod of 2 kim covers loi ha oftne span oa ie Ringed paabao ‘ch, span mand cervatie YOne ch ol the folowing tatoments relating o ere 1. The slope is tar ‘G) 2. thonmat teustie GSK 3, The sear‘orceisnot 260. 4 Thobending moments ra, Selectineccrect answering cases given below @ 42ande —— @) Zonas 1303 (o) Banga (3. Forietheehingecparbalcarch shown below, ‘shich one among he laowing raprasenis te ‘bendingmomen cagran? A 6 ZNO oN 6 —~_, oN 010 Forte in tinge uate ach estou in Foureabove, vtichoneol bellowing sagas ‘represeats he shapectihebencingvariaion? C=) Siructurt Anatyls | 171 os le 2.14 Atte hinged archissubected to point a foun. The mageitsda ol hoon reac ak ae Lewes e ° © ia an Pp 2 © By OB 0.42 A two hinged somictoular aren of radius ‘2omelerscaries aloe system hownin igure. Tha horizontal trust each sppertie(Aesume ul fara icy)mane ensy | mave ensu dis Admarseealcommttonagtyis & 0) Le feesal Aas shown infuse. The ends ied ovizotly wen a lore Hsuch that can cniy move erat when aload'W ishungal 8. Tne ratoel Hvis Vosea resco tA In cave o a toe Rages parabote aren ne inuencosinedagramlorhorzenal owl eines. ‘Maxum vst wibbe ndvees atthe eepats hon 204d oadiz ane crown 2xPas Pe Ie 1 ‘iven nate ttinge reactions inca wha ‘9p 1 wo wera! ioone heron! 4 ° (10 (05s is Bos i (06s (o 25 pz0-2) _ 9Pt Answers a oo, (20-9 =e Lt) 24) 3) 4) 50) 250) teem 6) 2) 8) 9) WO). ee 14. (@) 12. (0) 13. (@) Crcinae one tO ata disance of Sm rors 2) Hintsand Explanations: 1 @) Inoreace in fenceratue ia a two hinges eth L_ {espeectincsterinacyoe}wilcause herent ae a ais ‘trust ony. ‘Moment du io bsional trusts Hy. ‘So, maximum bending moment wl be atc, ae crown has highest valve cl. 2 ‘Thethutto support “hus, he hozonia usu, Hi Wx 0625 + 20% 425 =31.254N a A,Reos0 + HAL sin) «0 we Rene HA) ~2n0) 20 bendting momant at any section. ores tamer maa Sno-code 4 (ene cosor =| eM Myegea tocar e-zendeneoet 2 ane t=sin20= 1 True ateey seten vrdrgmorestis 3001 an reteged ole arene sseiosoU 2020 10 Crete mouphent te spe ers CE Ferien scveiseopin ROE RSS ramadeepubicnoneas ) | Coyimadarypdicons thon ens StvctualAnabysis | 173 tecgvensren, 0 n(3} Sostaiemen (jis cone. Foro, ot 2 soe Fe, cos Fe me M220) Gortonsedhath ‘ ast be s0bbe So bending moment not negative hence talement (ais wrorg. ermal es, Ne sin@ + cos 0 = 14KN Radiata, SR, c98 0- Hsin = 85k © ‘pons emoment be zero, 3 Aye dat we yee174 | lull Engineering PME 2015) MADE ERs MADE EASY DS ENTTy=o5) Suucturt Analysis | 175 de va? ute mt 19. (0) 03 Deweminmerenoniltmstaeach pot Q4 AcievarsegmentlveeNngadstehnged 2 ee ae et tervateeshinged arch showin ire, ane cnds andal ecrountss eepanal 18m 4 andariseol4s0m Thearchcais he eds 235 showin ligure. Fed te eae atte Spporsandiebencingmarertttetuces oe £ ow oe 7 @ So bending momen is postive for AC and ‘negative or Carne shapes ere paraboic aclion 2 both support = Pr2 (by syrinety) Now take moment abst hinge a iow tom Consider an lomert 8, the angular iste of ig radius veto being a arm vere wt “rms ‘Conventional Practice Questions 21 Axymmatica ree hinged paras arch span24 mand eonralise Smeaniee sno point oad a 101 Locate me postion of fad ‘one arch in order that he bencing rene hinge. For this positon of he 3d, eattte tha beneing moment under ne oad 285 m, A= 14 561 2 ‘A symmatical wo-hnged parable atch se! spand0 mando conta ise Sa Hearios Sralepoitioada! 16talahatzonaldstance ‘of 15 m fom te linge fhe moment of Inert ofthecross-secton fhe arch varias thesteantoltheslopecttho arch eis, cals ‘tom ist principe, he horizontal st ine ‘Are. 19280 fra. He Yalins) mash ‘Ans. Vs 3.1631, Vy 28-2224External Equilibrium of Structures 5.1 Equations of Equi ‘Astueturemay be inrest or eto, General Cl Enginosing sructuesite, idges, bulngser dam etc at nro 01 may be sido bein sialic ecru. ‘The equations ot equioium ave based on Newtons Lan’ ot man. The equstons ol equim may be wrten as, 320, ar, =0 3, “ 20, 2M, =0 1M, =0 ‘oy For loro stucre, aforcesfesinthe pane of sucure then en hve equations sve sulisenter enti 2-0, 2-0 (wy mio, ts) 5.2 Free Body Diagram Fes body lagram pict presentation fl feces acing on 3 suctral eemponen a wise _stvcture laste sin state equllaum nen al he campanents wil algo ein sai equim, Monee ‘quatonsolequbtrium are also anpkebieoreach component elrtentl suc The ree bay csgramel ary comporanir vile stucturecanbe dou song te ct Kem its suppartand showin supper feacfons an oacng seted upon hal coronal srucive, maDE EASY Steuctural Anolis | 177 £ Fig.2 Rest stucwe PEE ity eoncorcaconal supper: reactions fr beam Soon ‘Smmspen iit Fi 5.2 Conesponding Fic Hoty Dagar is loaded 2s chown in liquie. Find he!178 | cla Engineering PEs] «=| MADE Ensy MADE EASY ENEMA) Structural Analyte | 179 ry [BREEN ct suport roscitne orto rigis janes rama shown in tho igure, : . m0 = 1a | c se Also, I © = (ing moment otal es ou 8 é BS Ayx9-0007-fextnd 1 : = ere i+ Raz rt nam Fromequonin.venne _— i so ae 3 278 at a 44h ; Fy 78-34 46K . oe , To DREN ede cose cocestarvoan homing | 5 Maroney win [—e io ae, wo FE § ome * Peel 5 . a 55 Remmi bel ioe 24 y Sa Pe eo, 2M,» 0 al" bn. Byx82¢ 10x 12-20498-0 a toe ime = 18254N(T) | Fem equation i wehave = 20-Riy= 20-1625 § comm ae > Roareia a) mp cat * | i PEEEIEEN site soon ncon ort etowing Fares Soon ntigures. | af ad | Pn tm me te at 200 3 | ? t 20 nebe i a | Heo o} 20 oo ~ E seo 2 2 | fe iso k Lp fpeckitinge VAR | f1 ; 8 $3 9 | - Aye {Jxs%20]-s0 -0 Ad a | A & « SF Ae Rp 800" va ae tA | oo, auco » 2 Setter \ wo (fete Berets -nynev sone Pa = 04 1904 00-6 A=0 5 y= tOLreN(T) ] Frome were Loe, f= 60-Ry=20-10157 2-0 R= 2167) > Ryx6-20xGx9-100%1 = 0 ® GBs eRe SRST nade180 | Chit Eopineriog MADE EAs meDE ERS’ | PNRMETENT 075) Soca! Anos | 181 = o ‘Solution: = resrestt m0 Fromeq. (i), we get, 120~76.67 = 43.39 KN(T) = Hy = Hy “0 Avo stiogs ° eo. Bro {Toag mre oath es am he esd ot ge C) osteo eave - AX 3-H, x2-20x3x15 = 0 Figt Fg= 1Ont9200 54% = 7867 x3-244-80 = 0 ° Aye y= 305 o = = TOWN) 1 Soca shige ence y= otras : Frames weet = nies Wx 141820 He 100-70 2008109 = rye 754) o Hoge Fromeq. (i, we get 0 288 ei» y= 375-75 206N() = =o Ao ex offense) im 3, <0 le © “Age 4+ 10K 335 420x2-Hyx2 «0 > Bet Ry AE UXO RS) te a 2 Fevinese (Ay Tito wih Soha amps KS(CHAPTER Methods of Indeterminate Analysis : Basic Methods 6.1 Introduction {v9 sryctre fs delerinata hen equator 0! equitvium are enough 1 ine eacens, sear fore, bencng moment and ais vue at suppor and marvels, The quis conditions does nerivobve! the seo proper cf material end crase-eecfon, Bld eects ndearnira’s hen apart tom equi ‘ondlons extra compat condone arerequred which depends woon he proparies cera and rss ‘section poneries of maria! ao hnonn hen exact mshods can be used fo anys the sete Bld ‘roperies often are nat known then approximate matreds may be used. Ther vet basic mets fr anatsizol stuetie Forcemetods (i) Dsoiacementmeinogs (©. Force Methodicompatioy Method/Fenbaty Method nwsematiod the edundentores archcsen as unknowns anc addon equatonsare obiaired \yyeansdeingina qeerevca cones ineasein tna cleratons one eevee eran olfrce anode ae (3) Motnoget conisien detrmation (01 ViuaordUttoas method {Stain energy mats (0) Memodo! einimsmpoteslo-egy {e) Thvaamaneu recom {a} Fedsaiy mavens ) Colsrea (i Duplacement MethodEgulirium Methodistifness Method Intis method, plcemert cprtsarelakenasurkaouns he equlbxium equation ar exposed interme ol hece daplocemerts enna na. Theze equations ao sowed 6 give ho ach (2) Moment deibulonatiod (1 Spe destecsion method (2) Kerismatnod (0) Stes eave nett Ederson smeenss wmmsmadeedsypobictinsarg ) MADE EASY Postal Study Package ELIE] Sructra Anlyss | 187 son between Forco and Dieplacor 1 Metiod Foree/Compatoity method | Disptacementsuinoss method The unknowns re ikon ae Inert | 1. Theunkrouns arelaken fi dalacement smamber ces eas, }2 To nd unkrowns compaily condtons | 2. Tofndurknomsdiptecemerjontequlbrum sett, Conlona areata Number fcompabity condiions needed | Joint equlsumcondtons needed = dogo of Number ofredindaroess inematiindtorminacy =Degrezefstatcindelerninacy ' 9, Thismethaciseulalewhen D,D, | 4 Examples: Stain energy method or | 4. Examples: Moment cstibvion mahod. ope | minimum polenta anergy method, |" Solution ‘Accreing lo Manso ecipoealiiote tha deacon at Bus oluad Papp m Gwi ese Se bp ye = deletion of Bwentondet C GE reer nnn cvs ampies | MOE ERS wanndceayaReaS) ‘y= Uelocnon of Cen aad at 6 ABE ERS" Tics ae192 | Civil Engineering MADE Ens ‘Appling load Pat Cond caleuningdetcion al 8, 6.6 Principal of Virtual Work (Cane-t:For detormabie bodies or easic bodies: “Tne ca viewa work donee equalloze'0 Mrwao where, iY, © Examnal vival orkons Internati workdore The eterna vtua work dona (4) by remnalesilance (vcr as sues is nogatve ence, Hyg! =I) ‘Case-2:Forrgt bodies: Invigis bodes harem irra detarmatn, ence, neal vue work done aways 260. Terlae ‘eral vital work dene eso 260. W=0 EESEREYN Foote conga Cacia conpanontl fasion atjont East lowing movements of pete, (2) Suppor moves rsa y 0000 m on iho el ans 00075 meray own (2) Support moves vray down by 000250 ‘Assume re nro chrge argh sy mba acts manera gd an et

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