WORD FORMATION

Compounding Blending

Open compound Close compound Modified blends Meaningful Blends

Is the process of The process of combining
combining 2 words or two or more parts (only a
more.
part ) of words so that
Merging by giving Merging without giving The first elements they form a new word, Share properties of
space or space to the space between words. modifies the second but do not change their the referents of both
compounded words elements. meanings.
Hyphenated compound elements.

e.g : Slang + language e.g : break + fast :

= slanguage brunch.
e.g : Home + Work =
e.g : Ice + Cream = Ice
Merging by putting a Homework, Note +
cream
separator (-) between Book = Notebook
Living + Room = Living words. E.g : Well +
Room Known = Well-Known
 E.g. org-man
One part the original
(organization
compound most
Complex clipping man)
often remains intact.
Op art (optical
art)

The most common E.g : Ad

Back clipping type, in which the (advertisement)
beginning is retained
Doc (doctor)

Clipping The process of removing or

truncating a portion of the
letters contained in a word

E.g : son =>

Or aphaeresis grandson
Fore clipping retains the final
Tion =>
Word part.
valuation
Formati
Middle clipping The middle of the
on e.g. Flu
word is retained
(influenza) limit
(unlimited)

Backformation Is a process of using a word

I televised my
formation rule to analyze a
morphologically simple or product on
complex word. SCTV two ago.
 Word Formation

that is, the Borrowi

Coinage invention of totally new
ng
terms. The most typical
sources are invented
trade names for
commercial products that
become general terms
(usually without capital A word in one language is
letters) for
borrowed directly into
any version of that
another language
product
eponyms

New words based on the name of a person

or a place, e.g Sandwich

e.g : Aspirin, Escalator, e.g. castle, mansion,

teepee, wigwam, igloo,
bungalow
 Word

Acronyms Derivation Conversion

Abbreviation is usually is the process of Derivation is a process of a process of changing

interpreted as forming words by word formation through words without changing
shortening or borrowing or taking the addition of affixes, the form of the original
which can be prefixes and
abbreviating one or two vocabulary from other words
suffixes. The new word
word languages
produced will have a
different meaning from the
basic word
The differenc acronyms Adjective
derivation,
and abbreviations is this:
e.g : :Talkative = e.g : butter the bread,
acronyms are proper Noun derivation
talk (root) + ative
words created from the (suffix) Friendly =
e.g. :Freedom = free bottle the water.
(root) + dom (suffix)
initial letter or two of friend (root) + ly
(suffix)
Imagination = imagine I need the butter of
the words in a phrase, (root) + ation (suffix)
bread to it.
and they are
pronounced like other We need the bottle of
words Verb derivation, water now, I am
Endanger) = en (prefix) thirsty
+ danger (root)
Adverb derivation, Validate = valid (root) +
e.g : AIDS (acquired Away = a (prefix) ate (suffix)
+ way
immune deficiency
(root)Backward =
Syndrome) back (root) +
ward (suffix)