Name : Retno Astagina

NIM : 18018025
Seminar

Seminar note week 3

Structuring a presentation
You may have experienced participating in a seminar or watched a presentation in a seminar.
Or, you can find examples of seminar presentations at Youtube.
How is it structured? Please write some common points the speaker (s) convey at the beginning and at
the end of their speeches.
Then, based on your experience/observations or readings, let's discuss how a presentation in a seminar
has to be organized. Say, you are going to deliver a speech in a seminar about the results of a study
you conducted to look at the effects of blended learning on students' reading skill. Compare your
notes with your friends.

How to start a speech based on Source in Youtube:

1. When I showed for 1st day of work here, I mistakenly thought that...
2. 5,10,20 years ago, I never could have imagined that...
3. The year was...
4. I will never forget the first time that...
5. What would you do if you'd been in my shoes? Here's what happened...
6. I have a confession to make...
7. I was brought up to believe...
8. Among my friends, I am famous for...
9. I don't like to admit it, but...
10. Something you'd never guess about me is...

Structure Seminar

1. Starting the presentation

- Greets the audience
- Introducing yourself
- Tells the Presentation topic
2. Why are you giving the presentation
- The reason for delivering the presentation
3. Stating the main point of the presentation
4. Introducing the first point
5. Moving to the next point
6. Giving more details
7. Summing up the main points
8. Conclusion
9. Question
10. Closing
Example Seminar Speech about Blended Learning on Students’ learning skill
1. Starting the presentation
- Greets the audience
“Good morning everyone and welcome to my presentation. I’m Retno Astagina. First of
all, let me thank you all for coming here today. ”
- Tells the Presentation topic
“As you can see on the screen, our topic today is Blended Learning on Students’ learning
skill”

2. Why are you giving the presentation

- “The reason why i’m delivering this presentation is to tell the results of a study that I
conducted to look at the effects of blended learning on students' reading skill, ”

3. Stating the main point of the presentation

- “The main point of this presentation are The definition of Blended learning, Reading
Comprehension and the effect of Blended learning on Students’ learning skill”

4. Introducing the first point

- “First of all, I’d like to give you an overview of Blended Learning .....”

5. Moving to the next point

- “Next, Reading Comphrehension is .....”
- “Then I’ll go on to highlight what I see as the main points of The Effect of Blended
Learning on Reading Comprehension .....”

6. Giving more details

- Showing and explain the data on the screen
“Our data shows …”

7. Summing up the main points

- “To put it simply, …”

8. Conclusion

9. Question
- “If you have any questions, I am happy to answer them”

10.Closing your presentation

How to Give a Good

Senior Seminar Presentation
1. Pick a good topic
    Choose a topic that is of interest to you and of general interest as well.  Remember that a seminar is
really a story, and giving a good seminar is the same thing as telling a good story.  Selecting a topic
that will make a good story is a big first step toward making your seminar a good one.
    Your seminar can either be based on a library topic, which should include the information on the
history, current status and possible future of research or policy in a particular area or on a particular
subject, or on your own research project.  Irrespective of the specific topic, seminars which tell a good
story and have a clear take-home message are the memorable ones (memorable for the right reasons).

2. Know your audience

    It is important to understand how much your audience is likely to know in advance about your
seminar topic.  This will determine the amount of time you need to spend on the various portions of
your talk.
    You need to decide if the tone of your seminar should be serious or informal.  Is a touch of humor
acceptable?  How much is too much?  How should you dress?  For most senior seminars at USD,
presenters dress well - more on the formal side than the casual side.
    Familiarize yourself in advance with the room where you will give your talk and with any
equipment that you plan to use.  Not only should this make you more comfortable, but it may also
help you avoid unexpected technological problems.

3. Begin with a title slide and show a brief outline or list of topics to be covered
    Use text slides to designate the beginnings of individual sections of your talk or to introduce a
major topic shift.  Usually a prominent title in bold letters is adequate.  Text slides can be important
and very helpful to you and your audience.  They demonstrate your organizational skills, help
audience members to follow your talk more easily, and let them know where you're headed.  They
also help to keep you on track and focused during your talk.

4. Introduce your topic well

    Your introduction will vary in length and detail, depending on the length of your talk, your topic,
and the level of sophistication of your audience.  Give the necessary information but be careful not to
include large amounts of extraneous material.  Visual aids are particularly important here to grab your
audience's attention.  If you have a snappy photo, and interesting thought or catchy phrase, use it
here.  The point of the introduction is to catch your audience, let them know what you'll be talking
about, get them enthused about the topic, and let them know why your topic is interesting and
exciting.

5. Methodology
    If you are talking about your own research, you need to present your experimental design and/or
methods.  Try to make this section short, concise, clear and logical.  You can use an outline format or
even a flow chart of the experiments and techniques you used.  If you are giving a review talk, then
simply summarize briefly the methods used.

6. Data presentation is the heart of a successful talk 

A. Don't overwhelm your audience with information.  Limit the total amount of data you present
and limit the amount of information you show on any single slide.  Busy slides and complex
graphs are not helpful.  Even your text slides should be brief and to the point.
B. Paraphrase your text slides and read aloud each major point.  The audience will be reading the
slides anyway and would otherwise pay no attention to you.  Don't read your slides verbatim and
do not leave text slides up while you discuss another, unrelated idea.
C. Clearly label all axes on figures and give each figure a brief, informative title.
D. Define symbols on figures with a figure legend.  All text and symbols on a figure should be
large enough to read easily from the back of the room.
 E. Explain the information on each slide.  Begin by briefly mentioning the parameters shown on
each axis of each graph.  Discuss treatment versus control results as illustrated by the figure. 
Remind the audience of the meaning of each symbol on your graphs.  Make sure you tell the
audience how your data support or refute your basic hypothesis or idea.
F. Choose your graphs carefully.  They should follow a logical progression, and you should be able
to clearly explain each graph.  Make sure each graph illustrates a point, especially when
presenting literature information.
G. Cite all sources of information, especially if you did not generate the data yourself.  You can
either include a reference to the author and date on the slide or you can tell the audience your
source as you present the graph.
H. Use the best graphics available but be careful not to distract your audience by making the
artwork more interesting than the information.  You should be especially careful in choosing
how to present your data.  Watch your color and pattern combinations.  Don't waste your time
trying to make the prettiest or the coolest slides.  Focus on content and clarity.  Some pizzazz is
fine, but don't go to extremes.
I. Limit your use of animation.  Too much can be distracting and reduce the impact of your talk. 
This is one of the most common problems encountered in senior seminars.
J. Make your presentation visually appealing by using variations in color and texture.  Color can
be used to unite items related to a single topic, emphasize points and generally enhance the
audience’s ability to understand your subject.
 

7. Always give a synthesis or conclusion

    Display a brief summary of your conclusions on a slide while you discuss the significance of the
material you have presented.  Your conclusions should match your talk objectives and should
complete your story.  Remember, this is the end of your story, so make it memorable (again, in a good
way).  Even if your talk is based on library research, your conclusions and synthesis must have some
original content.  It is not sufficient to simply repeat the conclusions that other people have reached.
    You may want to add a slide after your conclusions with future questions that should be addressed. 
This demonstrates some critical thinking on your part and shows that you have a feel for the big
picture of which your topic is a part.

8. Answer questions thoroughly and thoughtfully

    Remain relaxed during the question period.  Remember, you're the expert on this subject, and this is
your chance to demonstrate (but not show off) your expertise in the topic.  The question period is not
designed to allow the audience to harass you.  Your audience is supportive and interested, and they
truly want to know more about your topic or they would have gone somewhere else instead.  No one
is out to get you!  When answering questions, take your time, compose yourself, make sure you
understand the question clearly and think before you answer.  If the question is unclear or doesn't
make sense to you, ask politely for clarification.
    Prior to your talk, think carefully about your presentation and you may be able to anticipate major
questions.  If you suspect that something in particular will come up, prepare an answer.  If you have
additional slides ready to answer that query, put them in your presentation after your final planned
slide and use them as appropriate.
    If you don't know the answer to a question, try to say something useful and relevant.  If you really
don't know, "I don't know" is perfectly acceptable, but not for every question.
 

30 useful phrases for presentations in English

Introduction
  Good morning/afternoon everyone and welcome to my presentation. First of all, let me thank
you all for coming here today.
 Let me start by saying a few words about my own background.
 As you can see on the screen, our topic today is......
 My talk is particularly relevant to those of you who....
 This talk is designed to act as a springboard for discussion.
 This morning/ afternoon I’m going to take a look at the recent developments in.....

Presentation structure

 In my presentation I’ll focus on three major issues.

 This presentation is structured as follows....
 The subject can be looked at under the following headings.....
 We can break this area down into the following fields....

Timing

  It will take about X minutes to cover these issues.

Handouts

 Does everybody have a handout / copy of my report?

 I’ll be handing out copies of the slides at the end of my talk.
 I can email the PowerPoint presentation to anyone who would like it.  
 Don’t worry about taking notes, I’ve put all the relevant statistics on a handout for you

Questions

 If you have any questions, I am happy to answer them

 If you don’t mind, I'd like to leave questions until the end of my talk /there will be time for a
Q&A session at the end...

Sequencing phrases

 My first point concerns...

 First of all, I’d like to give you an overview of....
 Next, I’ll focus on.....and then we’ll consider....
 Then I’ll go on to highlight what I see as the main points of....
 Finally, I’d like to address the problem of.....
 Finally, I’d like to raise briefly the issue of....

Highlighting information

 I’d like to put the situation into some kind of perspective

 I’d like to discuss in more depth the implications of....
 I’d like to make more detailed recommendations regarding....
 I’d like you to think about the significance of this figure here
 Whichever way you look at it, the underlying trend is clear

Making Reference to Information

  Based on our findings, …
Sample sentence: Based on our findings, 74% of our market is made up of teenagers who
find our clothing line stylish and upbeat.
 According to our study, …
Sample sentence: According to our study, 63% of working people in this city go directly to
the gym after work.
 Our data shows …
Sample sentence: Our data shows that more than 23% of men in this town who used to drive
to work now prefer to save money and the environment by cycling instead.

Explaining Visuals
 I’d like to illustrate this point by showing you…
The word “illustrate” means “show,” usually with examples, data or visuals.
Sample sentence: I’d like to illustrate this point by showing you a chart of the number of
people in each age group who prefer to shop online.
 This chart shows a breakdown of …
A “breakdown” refers to the detailed parts or figures that make up the total picture. A
breakdown is often used in a presentation to show all the smaller parts behind something
bigger.
Sample sentence: This chart shows a breakdown of the ingredients we use in our gluten-
free products.

Restating Your Point

 In other words, …
Use this phrase to rephrase or reword your point in another way.
Sample sentence: In other words, we need to change our current design to make it more
attractive to older children.
 To put it simply, …
Use this phrase to simplify points that are complex or difficult to understand.
Sample sentence: To put it simply, we’ll need you to work harder at making this launch a
success.
 What I mean to say is …
Use this phrase to explain your point in a way that’s easier for your audience to understand.
Sample sentence: What I mean to say is that we need to change the way we market our
products.

Conclusion

 I’d just like to finish with the words of a famous scientist/ politician/ author.......
 Now let’s go out and create opportunities for...! 

SENIOR SEMINAR PRACTICAL DO'S AND DON'TS

DO:

1. Practice
2. Look professional
3. Preview your slides
4. Clearly state your objectives and goals
5. Speak clearly and at a good pace.  Rule of thumb: About 1 slide per minute
6. Always identify your axes, define all technical terms and spend time on your data (graphs,
tables)
7. Quote appropriate references and distinguish your work from literature sources
8. Make a lot of eye contact with your audience
9. Conclude your talk with statements that address your objectives and finish your story
 

DON'T:

1. Wait until the last minute to prepare

2. Make slides that are impossible to read or understand, e.g. complicated figures, large tables,
Picasso-like graphs.
3. Read your talk verbatim, either from notes or from your slides!!  Know your material well
without reading.
4. Make distracting gestures when you talk (play with a pointer, rock back and forth, play with
your hair, pick your nose, etc.).
5. Speak too rapidly, too slowly, too quietly or too loudly.  Don't speak in a monotone and try
not to mumble.
6. Talk to one person or the screen.
7. Panic.  Staying calm and focused is very important, especially if you hate speaking publicly.
8. Try to be too funny.  Humor has its place in your seminar, but use it judiciously.