EE265: Discrete-Time Signals and Systems

MIDTERM EXAM, 5:30PM–7:30PM, October 26, 2012

Read the questions carefully. If something is not clear, please ASK!

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1. (Sinusoid) Consider the plot of a sinusoidal wave below.

4
2
0
−2
−4
−6
−8
−10
−20−18−16−14−12−10−8 −6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50
t (msec)
[4] (a) From the plot, determine the numerical values of the amplitude A, frequency f0
and phase φ in order to represent the signal as x(t) = A cos(2πf0 t + φ). Include
the units for these quantities.

[2] (b) You have learnt that any sinusoid can be represented as a rotating vector. Clearly
show in the complex plane the two vectors that represent the above sinusoid at
time instants t = 0 and t = 6 msec.

[4] (c) Now consider the sum of two sinusoids: x(t) = cos(ω0 t+π/6)+2 sin(ω0 t). Use the
phasor addition theorem to express the sum in the form of x(t) = V cos(ω0 t + θ)
(i.e., find the values of V and θ).

EE265 Midterm Exam (October 26, 2012) Electrical & Computer Engineering
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2. (FS of a sawtooth wave) Consider the continuous-time periodic waveform x(t) (known
as a sawtooth wave) as shown below.

0.8
x(t) (volt)

0.6

0.4

0.2 t/2

0
−6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6
t (sec)
[1] (a) What are the fundamental period and fundamental frequency of x(t)?

[2] (b) Determine the DC value (i.e., the FS coefficient a0 ) of x(t).

[3] j R eax
(c) Show that the FS coefficient of x(t) is ak = . Hint: xeax dx = a2
(ax − 1).
2πk

[2] (d) Plot the spectrum of x(t) over the frequency range −1.5 ≤ f ≤ 1.5 (Hz).

[2] (e) Now consider a new signal defined as y(t) = x(t) + cos(π 2 t). How is the spectrum
of y(t) changed compared to the spectrum of x(t)? Is y(t) is periodic? If so, what
is the fundamental period?

EE265 Midterm Exam (October 26, 2012) Electrical & Computer Engineering
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3. (Sampling and reconstruction) Consider a discrete-time signal x[n] given by the formula
x[n] = 20 cos(0.15πn + π/10).
Suppose that x[n] was obtained by sampling a continuous-time signal at a sampling
rate of fs = 20 samples/sec.

[3] (a) Determine two different continuous-time signals x1 (t) and x2 (t) whose frequen-
cies are positive and less than 20Hz and whose samples are equal to x[n]. Give
formulas for both x1 (t) and x2 (t).

[3] (b) Plot the spectrum of x[n] over the frequency range of −3π < ω̂ < 3π (radians).

[2] (c) If x[n] is passed to an ideal D-to-C converter operating at a sampling rate of 300
samples/sec, what signal will be reconstructed? That is, what is the output y(t)
in Fig. 4-26 of the textbook (page 93) if x[n] is given as above.

[2] (2) The below figure plots six samples of x[n] over −2 ≤ n ≤ 3. Suppose that these
samples are passed through a practical D-to-A converter operating
( at a sampling
|t|
frequency of fs = 20 Hz and using a triangular pulse p(t) = 1− , −0.025 ≤ t ≤ 0.025 .
0.025
0, otherwise
On the figure below, neatly sketch the continuous-time output y(t) at the output
of such a practical D-to-A converter. Make sure to relabel the horizontal axis.
Hint: Please pay attention to the width of p(t).

20

10
x[n]

−2 −1 0 1 2 3
n

EE265 Midterm Exam (October 26, 2012) Electrical & Computer Engineering
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EE265 Midterm Exam (October 26, 2012) Electrical & Computer Engineering