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Exp8 - Potassium Bitartrate

This experiment aims to synthesize potassium bitartrate and test its identity and medicinal uses. Potassium bitartrate is synthesized by dissolving potassium sodium tartrate in water, adding acetic acid until precipitation, filtering and drying the precipitate. Tests are conducted to identify potassium bitartrate including heating it which causes decomposition, performing Beilstein's test to detect tartrate ions, reactions with silver nitrate and ammonia producing a white precipitate, a red coloration when heated with resorcinol and hydrochloric acid, and an orange color when reacted with ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide in sodium hydroxide solution. Potential uses of potassium bitartrate include as a dusting powder, diuretic

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149 views3 pages

Exp8 - Potassium Bitartrate

This experiment aims to synthesize potassium bitartrate and test its identity and medicinal uses. Potassium bitartrate is synthesized by dissolving potassium sodium tartrate in water, adding acetic acid until precipitation, filtering and drying the precipitate. Tests are conducted to identify potassium bitartrate including heating it which causes decomposition, performing Beilstein's test to detect tartrate ions, reactions with silver nitrate and ammonia producing a white precipitate, a red coloration when heated with resorcinol and hydrochloric acid, and an orange color when reacted with ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide in sodium hydroxide solution. Potential uses of potassium bitartrate include as a dusting powder, diuretic

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Blazy Inhumang
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© © All Rights Reserved
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EXPERIMENT NO.

8
POTASSIUM BITARTRATE

OBJECTIVE:
At the end of the experiment, Student should know how to:
1. Synthesize Potassium bitartrate and to test for its identity
2. And identify its medicinal uses

MATERIALS:
Laboratory set of apparatus

REAGENTS
Potassium sodium tartrate Resorcinol
Diluted Acetic acid Conc. Hydrochloric acid
50% alcohol Conc. Sulfuric acid
Sodium hydroxide T.S. Conc. Acetic acid
Silver nitrate T.S. Ferrous sulfate T.S.
Ammonia T.S. Hydrogen peroxide T.S.

PROCEDURE:
1. Dissolve 5 grams of Potassium sodium tartrate in 5 ml of water.
2. Add diluted Acetic acid until precipitation ceases.
3. Filter off the white crystalline precipitate of Potassium bitartrate, wash it with a small
quantity of cold 50% alcohol and dry.

Chemical Formula: _____________________________


Chemical reaction involved:

Computation of the Percentage yield:

Actual yield:

Theoretical yield:

Percentage yield:
IDENTIFICATION TESTS:
1. Heat the crystals at high temperature.
Result: _____________________________________________
2. Dissolve the residue in water and perform Beilstein's test.
Result: _____________________________________________
3. Prepare a saturated aqueous solution of Potassium bitartrate, neutralized with Sodium
hydroxide, add Silver Nitrate T.S to the precipitate formed, dissolved it with Ammonia T.S.
and the solution warmed.
Result: _____________________________________________
Chemical reaction:
4. Prepare a 1% Resorcinol solution in Hydrochloric acid. Add a few drops of this solution to a
dry salt of Potassium bitartrate. Then add 3 ml of Sulfuric acid and slowly heat the solution.
Result: _____________________________________________
5. Acidify a tartrate solution with Acetic acid. Add a drop of Ferrous sulfate T.S. and Hydrogen
peroxide T.S., then add an excess of Sodium Hydroxide T. S.
Result: _____________________________________________

QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH:


1. Give the synonyms of Potassium sodium tartrate and Potassium bitartrate.
Potassium sodium tartrate
 Sal seignette, Rochelle salt
Potassium bitartrate
 Cream of tartar, Creamor, Potassium hydrogen tartrate

2. Why is the precipitate washed with alcohol and not with water?
Most precipitates are insoluble in alcohol, mainly because of the "like dissolves like"
rule. Moreover, Alcohols are nonpolar solvents, and most precipices are polar, thus being
insoluble in nonpolar solvents. Therefore, for the precipitates to not dissolve again by
washing, we use alcohols; because if we use water, the precipitates are more likely to
dissolve again in an aqueous solution

3. State 3 uses of Potassium bitartrate in medicine and in the industry.


Medicine
 Potassium bitartrate is used as a dusting powder in surgery because of its bacteriostatic
effect
and is more readily absorbed.
 It acts as a diuretic and increases the normal acidity of the urine (2-8 Gm)
 It acts as a laxative in large doses (16-30 Gm)
Industry
 A reducer of CrO3 in a mordant bath for wool dyeing
 Mixtures of chalk and alum as silver cleaner
 Acts as baking powder to raise dough in breads

References:
https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB11107
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Sodium-potassium-tartrate
Rogers, C., Soine, T., & Wilson, C. (1949). A text-book of inorganic pharmaceutical chemistry.
Lea&Febiger. USA
https://study-assistantph.com/chemistry/question1940788#otvet

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