CRT LEARNING MODULE

Course Code PerDev

Course Title Personal Development

No. of Hours 80 Hours

Module Title Developmental skills and Tasks among Adolescents

Personal Development
Document No. 001-2020
Developmental Skills and Developed by:
Issued by:
Tasks among Adolescents Eligio D. Castillo Jr.
Page 33
CRT
 College for Research & Technology of Cabanatuan
HOW TO USE THIS DIGITIZED LEARNING MODULE
Welcome to the module in Empowerment Technology. This module contains
training materials and activities for you to complete this module.

Distance students will be graded on their participation based on posts after

each class to the course blog. Generally, writing a paragraph that either poses some
questions, makes a comment on the lecture or class discussion, or otherwise
demonstrates that you have thought about the material discussed is sufficient

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to complete

each learning outcome of the module. Each of the learning outcomes is provided with
Modules. Follow these activities on your own and answer the self-check at the end of
each learning outcome.

Talk to your online facilitator and agree on how you will both organize the Training
of this unit. Read each through the module carefully. It is divided into sections, which
cover all the skills and knowledge you need to successfully complete this module.

 Work through all the information and complete the activities in each section.
Read Modules and complete self-check. Suggested references are included to
supplement the materials provided in this module.
 Most probably your facilitator will be your supervisor or manager. Your online
facilitator will support and correct you.
 Your online facilitator will tell you about the important things you need consider
when you are completing activities and it is important that you listen and take
notes.
 You will be given plenty of opportunity to ask questions and practice on the job.
Make sure you practice new skills during regular work shifts. This way you will
improve both your speed and memory and also your confidence.
 Talk to more experienced workmates and ask for their guidance.
 Kindly the self-check questions at the LMS (EDMODO) to test your own progress.
 When you are ready, ask your online facilitator to watch you online via Zoom or
Google Meet to perform the activities outlined in this module.
 Ask your online facilitator work through the activities: ask for written feedback
on your progress. Your online facilitator keeps feedback/pre-assessment reports
for this reason. When you have successfully completed each element, ask the
facilitator to mark on the reports that you are ready for assessment.

Personal Development
Document No. 001-2020
Developmental Skills and Developed by:
Issued by:
Tasks among Adolescents Eligio D. Castillo Jr.
Page 34
CRT
 When you have completed this module, and feel confident that you have
sufficient practice, your online facilitator will arrange an appointment with
registered assessor’s to assess you. The results of your assessment will be
recorded in your competency Achievement Record.

Personal Development
Document No. 001-2020
Developmental Skills and Developed by:
Issued by:
Tasks among Adolescents Eligio D. Castillo Jr.
Page 35
CRT
 Personal Development

Contents of this Learning Module

No. Module Title Topic Code

3 Developmental Erikson's Psychosocial Module 3.1
Stages of
skills and Development:
Tasks among Identity Formation vs
Adolescents Identity Confusion

Havighurst’s Module 3.2

Developmental Tasks
for Adolescents

Piaget's Cognitive Module 3.3

Development: Formal
Operators

Personal Development
Document No. 001-2020
Developmental Skills and Developed by:
Issued by:
Tasks among Adolescents Eligio D. Castillo Jr.
Page 36
CRT
 MODULE CONTENT

MODULE TITLE : Developmental Skills and Tasks among

Adolescents
MODULE DESCRIPTOR:
Personal development is the process of improving oneself. But you can only improve
yourself if you know who you are. How well do you know yourself? Developing oneself opens
you to new discoveries and new growth. It may take time but it is worth the journey. Starting
to build your life now determines what your future will be.

Number of Hours:
3

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this module you MUST be able to:

1. Achieving one’s full potential requires understanding ourselves accepting

our strengths and weaknesses, and their being aware of the development
tasks and challenges that accompany our development.

Personal Development
Document No. 001-2020
Developmental Skills and Developed by:
Issued by:
Tasks among Adolescents Eligio D. Castillo Jr.
Page 37
CRT
 MODULE 3

Developmental Skills and Task among Adolescents

Learning Objective: After reading this MODULE, you should be

able to:

1. Classify various developmental task according to developmental stage

2. Evaluate one’s development in comparison with persons of the same age group
3. list ways to become a responsible adolescent prepared for adult life

Introduction

What are the skills and tasks that are appropriate for adolescents like you that
will prepare you on your adult life? Do you already have these skills? Which skills de
you need to work on and how can you develop these skills? This lesson will help you
understand the skills and tasks appropriate for adolescents and how you can develop
and acquire these skills to prepare you your adult life.

3.1 Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development: Identity Formation vs

Identity Confusion

The formation of identity is an ongoing process. Do you remember the first time
you have gone out on your own to go to a party with friends? Were there actions done
that you have cherished or regretted? Forming identity comes with risks we all wanted
to take for the sake of eliminating particular behaviors that proved to be unpleasant for
us or keeping and nourishing the ones that seem satisfying, pleasant, and worthwhile.

Personal Development
Document No. 001-2020
Developmental Skills and Developed by:
Issued by:
Tasks among Adolescents Eligio D. Castillo Jr.
Page 38
CRT
Stages of Psychosocial Development

As we develop our own moral code of what is wrong and right, we begin to
express our individuality and sometimes for a price, having a lot of regrets and
consequences that we could still have up to now. We either learn the easy way by
observing others or the hard way - experiencing it ourselves. If it was not for those
though, we would not be who we are.

At approximately age 12 to 18, Erik Erikson, a famous developmental

psychologists, stated in his Theory of Psychosocial Development that adolescents
are going to face a struggle with what they think of themselves and who they want to
be. That is why it is a matter of forming identity versus confusion.

During this stage in one's life, one will experiment through different roles,
behaviors, and activities with the sole intention of realizing his or her identity.
Experience is the best teacher next to warnings and recommendations.

With proper reinforcement and due parental and social support, the adolescent
will be able to resolve this stage and thus develop a strong sense of self - a distinct
opinion, perspective, and direction which are the factors needed for the upcoming
stages during young adulthood and beyond.

Other than interpersonal relationships, we also realize what we dream to be,

what career we desire and what our future goals are. This stage is particularly difficult if
one is struggling with self-esteem because it gets confusing. Anxieties rise, peer

Personal Development
Document No. 001-2020
Developmental Skills and Developed by:
Issued by:
Tasks among Adolescents Eligio D. Castillo Jr.
Page 39
CRT
pressure envelopes us, and family expectations go up as well. It is through this process
that we realize that the only way out is through ourselves and that we do not need the
light of others to stand firm on our feet because we have the light in ourselves. That is
why fidelity is the key virtue in this stage. The moment we start to have faith on who
we are and know our flaws and strengths, we will emerge as better individuals and
more prepared for the life ahead of us.

3.2 Havighurst’s Developmental Tasks for Adolescents

Robert Havighurt’s, an American educator and writer, elaborated stages of

developmental tasks that any individual must successfully go through.

According to him, there are six stages of development of an individual

throughout his or her life and each stage has critical developmental tasks that need to
be satisfied to be able to satisfy also the succeeding stages.

Below are the developmental tasks for adolescence stage.

STAGE AGE RANGE

Infancy and early childhood Birth till 6 years old
Middle childhood 6 to 12 years old
Adolescence 13 to 18 years old
Early adulthood 19 to 30 years old
Middle age 30 to 60 years old
Later maturity 60 years old and over

The adolescent must adjust to a new physical sense of self

During adolescence, puberty strikes us like a thief in the night. Suddenly, our
sexual characteristics emerge and our sex hormones rocket up resulting to drastic yet
profound changes in our physical aspect. This may drive us to being self-conscious and
anxious for ourselves around our peers and our environment, but given we adjust to
the rapid change, we will be more accustomed to the ways of the adult human being.

The adolescent must adjust to new intellectual abilities

The Formal Operational Stage has begun and our brain has matured to the point
that it can process abstract thoughts and hypothetical schemas. This new found ability
often results to the curious adolescent mind to philosophize and speculate more on the
depth of his or her surroundings - something new off the oven from just processing
concrete fragments of cognition. To exploit this ability is to extend and stretch its
bounds for the sake of avoiding stagnation and atrophy. Alcohol kills the brain by the
way - sometimes, the damage may be permanent.

Personal Development
Document No. 001-2020
Developmental Skills and Developed by:
Issued by:
Tasks among Adolescents Eligio D. Castillo Jr.
Page 40
CRT
The adolescent must adjust to increased cognitive demands at school

With fast-developing intellectual devices, the adolescent must expect that their
educational system believes them enough that the mental load demanded of them
increases as well. It is a form of exercise. However, like developing intellect, it aids
more if one does not only practice their newly found power of greater cognition but also
how to apply it.

The adolescent must develop expanded verbal skills

A huge chunk of our lifetime is spent on talking and exchanging ideas or sharing
opinions. If you have developed a higher form of intellectual capacity, should it mean
that your language and verbal skills must also progress further qualitatively and
quantitatively? Of course. It is not enough to know what words mean but also on how
to use them. Since showing off with a deep vocabulary would make it harder for other
people to understand your thoughts, it helps if you are attached to the essence
between the letters. You will need an effective outlet for your smart brain.

The adolescent must develop a personal sense of identity.

This pretty much relates to Erik Erikson's take in his Psychosocial Stages of
Development. Take note: a personal sense of identity. That stands for being you as you
personally prefer - excluding whom you are around your family and your friends,
beyond their pressure, wants, whims, and expectations. If you do not know what
makes you happy, you might end up going for what makes others happy. In the end,
you will end up a pleaser of people until you realize would have grown older if you
stood for who you are to yourself.

The adolescent must establish adult vocational goals.

Once an adolescent has formed his or her personal identity, he or she can start
formulating goals and milestones - quests and side quests and the paths to each. If
your mental capacity has come to this point, no one can see how you cannot manage
to get your life together.

The adolescent must establish emotional and psychological independence

from his or her parents.

The adolescent situation revolves around developing individuality even that to

the point that excludes parents. It is part of growing up to be self-reliant from his or
her parents, elders, and guardians - emotionally and psychologically. Once you become
parents, it would be your turn to pass on the flame of independence but how would you
pass a flame you do not have? You cannot. You simply should learn to light it in you
yourself. Difficult but doable. Such is life.

Personal Development
Document No. 001-2020
Developmental Skills and Developed by:
Issued by:
Tasks among Adolescents Eligio D. Castillo Jr.
Page 41
CRT
The adolescent must develop stable and productive peer relationships.

As adolescents, everyone has had a tendency to follow the rule of the flock in
exchange of his or her own. You would do better to be around people that actually
bring the best out of you rather than the worst. Listen to people who are honest
enough to tell you the truth even if it hurts just so they could help you. Which is worse
- hearing what you want to hear to an unproductive end or hearing what you do not
want to hear but for the better?

It is alright to be alone while you are figuring yourself out. What is worse is
being around a lot of people and feeling alone. Do not give up. You will find people who
share the same beliefs, goals, and quirks as you do. These will bring out the best of
you.

The adolescent must learn to manage his or her sexuality.

Other than being certain with identity, added the increase of physical and sexual
maturity, adolescents need to know how to act their sexual orientation and remain true
to themselves. Their self-image must relate to their personal sense of masculinity and
femininity. This also involves incorporating acceptable manners and values about their
sexual behavior. Be responsible and wise. There is no rush in life, take it one level at a
time.

The adolescent must adopt a personal value system

As adolescence begins, our individual knowledge systems expand into more

complex yet more dynamic frameworks. It is viable to realize our own value system and
set of personal beliefs. This could cause a strain into our interpersonal relationships
because of conflict of interest but we can actually pull through. It is important to note that
unity over universality is better than universality and unity. If individuals let you be who you
are, it helps them and you if you do the same. To each his own. After resolving conflicts
especially with parents, the adolescent can then formulate his or her personal ideology.

The adolescent must develop increased impulse control and behavioral maturity.

Moderation is key. An excess of one thing is always detrimental. Trying new things
moderately is healthier than never trying anything at all.

To specify, the adolescent has a better sense of the environment, the people it has,
and the consequences of his or her behavior. This makes them more curious for new stuff
yet at the same time, more adept to learning.

We need to utilize our thinking power to be able to look ahead with due wisdom so
we could control our impulses and prevent ourselves from going into destructive habits,
addictions, and lifestyles. It is common advice to follow your mind but it does not mean you

Personal Development
Document No. 001-2020
Developmental Skills and Developed by:
Issued by:
Tasks among Adolescents Eligio D. Castillo Jr.
Page 42
CRT
do not have to follow your heart either. Learning how to identify which to try from what not
to try is key to achieving behavioral maturity. You have a stronger mind and a higher
functional perception of things behind, ahead, and present. Use it well.

It is not like you are still kids that cannot process abstract information. Do not give
in to the things that you know will cause you more harm than good.

In summary, these stages can be faced by the adolescent more than once at the
same time. They are all connected and everyone goes through them in different times,
through different means. It helps to know which direction is correct and in- correct. It is
part of growing up.

3.3 Piaget's Cognitive Development: Formal Operators

Going back to the previous lessons, we discussed how cognitive development

takes place and one of the esteemed founders of cognitive psychology is Jean Piaget. It
was mentioned that Piaget had four stages, the Formal Operations being the fourth. In
this stage, greater cognitive functions such as hypothetical, imaginary, and
transcendental thought are unlocked and these may atrophy if we don't utilize them.

Imagine a world without emotion, depth, and imagination. Ideas are stagnant
and impossible to get to. Concrete objects are as concrete as they can ever be.
Empathy and sympathy wouldn't even exist. There would be no color in our internal
worlds. The formal operational stage saves us all from these limitations. From listening
to music, getting the feel of it to reading the lyrics and being able to relate to it. From
thinking of "what if?" to the beginnings of a revolutionary idea or eureka moment that
rooted from "why not?"

What makes us human in mind is our ability to process formal operations that
allow us to philosophize, innovate, create, imagine, hypothesize, deduct, and criticize
externally and internally, overtly or covertly.

All this mental power would be useless if says tried, unpracticed, or even
untriggered. It is ideal to know what you are capable of with your formal operations so
could put these into better use which would relate to the other facets of your life in
multiple dimensions, be it in your imaginary aspect, your future aspect, or your present.

The brain is like a muscle figuratively, If you do not lift weights and just settle
with sitting sound all day every day, your leg and a muscles will atrophy until they are
completely useless.
Human beings survived through a lot of die environmental conditions because
they were marathon runners- they could not match their prey in speed and agility but
they won them over running at a certain pace non-stop. Their prey, our ancestor's prey,
just gave up trying to outrun on us.

Personal Development
Document No. 001-2020
Developmental Skills and Developed by:
Issued by:
Tasks among Adolescents Eligio D. Castillo Jr.
Page 43
CRT
 Apply the symbolism to your brain. Do you know the true limits of your formal
operations? It should not be boring to find out. We are human beings after all - species
oblivious of its capabilities.

Self-check

3.1 Write the letter E if the item belongs to any of the three stages from
Erickson, Havighurst, or Piaget. Write the letter R if it does not fit into any of
their adolescent-grade stages/tasks.

______1. Logical thinking

______2. Knowing one’s vocation
______3. Resolving industry versus inferiority
______4. Establishing one’s level of dependence to one’s parents
______5. Abstract thought
______6. The conception of space and time
______7. Strategy and planning
______8. Independence from peers
______9. Resolving the initiative versus guilt
______10. Expanding verbal skills
3.2 Illustrate Erickson’s Psychological Stages of Development Theory in the
chart below. (in order)

Stage Complexity

Personal Development
Document No. 001-2020
Developmental Skills and Developed by:
Issued by:
Tasks among Adolescents Eligio D. Castillo Jr.
Page 44
CRT