Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS)

2019 YRBS National,

State, and District
Combined Datasets
User’s Guide

August 2020

Where can I get more information? Visit www.cdc.gov/yrbss or call 800−CDC−INFO (800−232−4636).
 2019 YR B S C o m bine d D atas e ts Us er ’ s G u id e

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1
Purpose........................................................................................................................................ 1
Contents ...................................................................................................................................... 1
Background ................................................................................................................................. 2
Data File Structure ...................................................................................................................... 3
Other Resources .......................................................................................................................... 3
Surveys Included in the Combined Datasets .................................................................................. 4
Data Inclusion Criteria ................................................................................................................ 4
Survey Inclusion by Year ........................................................................................................... 4
Variables Included in the Combined Datasets ................................................................................ 5
Categories of Variables Included ................................................................................................ 5
Sample Variables ........................................................................................................................ 5
Demographic Variables .............................................................................................................. 6
Body Mass Index (BMI) Variables ............................................................................................. 8
Sexual Minority Variables .......................................................................................................... 8
2019 Questionnaire Variables ................................................................................................... 10
2019 Supplemental Variables ................................................................................................... 10
Selected Additional Risk Behavior Variables .......................................................................... 13
Analytic Considerations ................................................................................................................ 18
Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 18
Software Requirements ............................................................................................................. 18
Minimum Cell Size ................................................................................................................... 18
Combining State and District Datasets ..................................................................................... 18
Appendix A: Record Counts by Survey and Year ........................................................................ 19
Appendix B: Surveys that Included Sexual Minority Questions ................................................ 265
Appendix C: 2019 Questionnaire Variable Specifications ........................................................... 30
Appendix D: 2019 Supplemental Variable Specifications ........................................................... 61
Appendix E: Selected Additional Risk Behavior Variable Specifications ................................... 70

Where can I get more information? Visit www.cdc.gov/yrbss or call 800−CDC−INFO (800−232−4636).
 2019 YR B S C o m bine d D atas e ts Us er ’ s G u id e

Introduction
Purpose The YRBS Combined Datasets contain data from YRBS surveys conducted
from 1991-2019 nationwide for the United States overall and in multiple
states and districts from 1991 - 2019. The purpose of the Combined Datasets
is to facilitate YRBS data analyses that require data from multiple years
and/or multiple surveys.

Contents This documentation contains the following sections:

• Introduction
• Surveys Included in the Combined Datasets
• Variables Included in the Combined Datasets
• Analytic Considerations
• Appendix A: Record Counts by Survey and Year
• Appendix B: Surveys that Included Sexual Minority Questions
• Appendix C: 2019 Questionnaire Variable Specifications
• Appendix D: 2019 Supplemental Variable Specifications
• Appendix E: Selected Additional Risk Behavior Variable
Specifications

Note: This document contains information specific to the Combined Datasets.

Information on general YRBS data processing and data editing procedures are
not included. When needed, references to other YRBS technical documents
are provided.

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Background The YRBS Combined Datasets include YRBS survey data from all national
and the majority of weighted national, state, and large urban school district
surveys conducted from 1991 to 2019.

Reasons to combine YRBS datasets include:

• to increase analytic sample size
• to increase the represented area or population (i.e., a region of the
country)
• to identify changes in prevalence of a behavior across time (i.e., trend
analysis)
The Combined Datasets provide several advantages to analysts:
• The variables in the Combined Datasets have been standardized across
survey years. The variable Q27, for instance, means the same thing
across all years of data. Analysts do not have to crosswalk the
questionnaires and variables across multiple survey years themselves.
• The Combined Datasets contain results from multiple state and district
surveys. Analysts do not have to get individual files from individual
surveys and combine them.
Limitations to consider include:
• All surveys are not in the dataset. State and district YRBS datasets are
owned and controlled by the health and education agencies that
conducted the surveys. Some of these agencies did not give CDC
permission to include their data in the Combined Datasets. Therefore,
some analyses conducted using the Combined Datasets may produce
results that do not match results previously published by CDC. Refer
to the “YRBSS Participation History & Data Quality” table on the
“YRBSS Participation Maps & History” page at www.cdc.gov/yrbss
for more information about surveys conducted and data availability.
• The Combined Datasets are based on the 2019 YRBS standard
questionnaire and include data from selected optional YRBS
questions. Datasets from earlier years will have more missing data
because questionnaires from earlier years did not include the same
standard questions as the 2019 questionnaire did.
• Many state and district surveys do not include all of the 2019 standard
YRBS questions. Some surveys delete some standard questions from
their questionnaires. Data will be missing from some surveys for some
variables due to these deletions. Many state and district surveys do not
include all the standard questions in their questionnaires. Most
standard questions are asked but some data will be missing from some
state and local surveys.

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Data File The datasets are split into four groups due to large file sizes. The split files
Structure make it easier to download just the file(s) of interest. The datasets are split as
follows:
1. National data
2. Data from states with names beginning with A through M
3. Data from states with names beginning with N through Z
4. District data
Data for each group are provided in MS Access and ASCII data formats. The
MS Access files are posted as zip files to make downloading them easier. The
ASCII files can be read by common statistical packages. Programs to read the
data in SAS and SPSS are posted on the website. A program to create a SAS
format library is also posted on the website.
Refer to the “Data & Documentation” page at www.cdc.gov/yrbss for details
about file names, downloading the data, and how to use the SAS and SPSS
programs.

Other Readers unfamiliar with YRBS data should review:

Resources
• the latest data documentation,
• YRBS Questionnaire Content,
• Methodology of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System—
2013,
• Software for Analysis of YRBS Data,
• Interpretation of YRBS Trend Data,
• Conducting Trend Analyses of YRBS Data,
• Combining YRBS Data Across Years and Sites
• How to Analyze YRBS Sexual Minority Data, and
• the Frequently Asked Questions page on the YRBS website.
Note: This document is not intended to teach statistical methods or inference
techniques and assumes the reader is familiar with the concepts referenced,
for example, weighting methods, analysis of complex survey data, data
management, and statistical software and programming for analyzing YRBS
data.

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Surveys Included in the Combined Datasets

Data Inclusion All national surveys conducted between 1991 and 2019 are included.
Criteria
State and district surveys are included in the Combined Datasets if:

• they were conducted between 1991 and 2019,

• they were a high school survey,
• the data were weighted, and
• the state or district health or education agency conducting the survey
gave CDC permission to include the data in the Combined Datasets or
the data come from the national YRBS survey.

Note: The state and district health and education agencies that conduct a
YRBS survey with technical and financial assistance from CDC own and
control access to their data. Some sites of these agencies did not grant CDC
permission to include their data in the Combined Datasets.

Refer to the “Participation History & Data Quality” table on the

“Participation Maps & History” page at www.cdc.gov/yrbss for more
information about surveys conducted and data availability.

Survey Refer to Appendix A for the number of records available by survey and by
Inclusion by year.
Year
No records in a given year means that:

• the survey was not conducted in that year or

• the survey was conducted but the response rate was not sufficient to
allow the data to be weighted or
• the survey was conducted in the 2019 survey cycle but the response
rate was less than 60% and nonresponse bias analysis results
suggested that data were not representative of their respective
population

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Variables Included in the Combined Datasets

Categories of Seven kinds of variables are included in the Combined Datasets:
Variables
Included • Sample variables
• Demographic variables
• Body mass index (BMI) variables
• Sexual minority variables
• 2019 questionnaire variables,
• 2019 supplemental variables, and
• Selected additional risk behavior optional question variables.

Some surveys delete some standard questions from their questionnaires. Data
will be missing from some surveys for some variables due to these deletions.
Many state and district surveys do not include all the standard questions in
their questionnaires. Most standard questions are asked but some data will be
missing from some state and local surveys.

The combined datasets include 2019 data and data from previous years that
map to 2019 questions. Datasets from earlier years will have more missing
data because questionnaires from earlier years did not include the same
standard questions as the 2019 questionnaire did.

Sample Sample variables identify records by survey, site type, and survey year and
Variables provide information needed to perform statistical analyses appropriately.

Variable Description
sitecode Two- or three-character survey site code that uniquely
identifies a survey location
sitename Name of location covered by a survey
sitetype Type of survey site – “District”, “State”, or “National”
sitetypenum Numeric indicator of type of survey site:
1 = “District”
2 = “State”
3 = “National”
year 4-digit year of survey – 1991, 1993, etc.

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survyear Number of year of survey:

1=1991
2=1993
3=1995, etc.
weight Analytical weight – used in statistical analyses
stratum Stratum – used in statistical analyses
PSU Primary Sampling Unit (PSU) – used in statistical
analyses

Refer to Software for Analysis of YRBS Data for details on using weight,
stratum, and PSU correctly.

Demographic Demographic variables identify respondents by various demographic

Variables characteristics. These variables are self-reported; some respondents may not
have answered the relevant question.

Variable Description
age Data from:

How old are you?

A. 12 years old or younger
B. 13 years old
C. 14 years old
D. 15 years old
E. 16 years old
F. 17 years old
G. 18 years old or older
sex Data from:

What is your sex?

A. Female
B. Male

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grade Data from:

In what grade are you?

A. 9th grade
B. 10th grade
C. 11th grade
D. 12th grade
E. Ungraded or other grade
race4 4-level variable from race and ethnicity questions:

1 = “White”
2 = “Black or African American”
3 = “Hispanic/Latino”
4 = “All Other Races”
race7 7-level variable from race and ethnicity questions:

1 = “American Indian/Alaska Native”

2 = “Asian”
3 = “Black or African American”
4 = “Hispanic/Latino”
5 = “Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander”
6 = “White”
7 = “Multiple Races (Non-Hispanic)”

Race and ethnicity questions have changed over time. Race4 and race7 are
coded to bridge over these changes to provide a 4- or 7-level indicator
appropriate for all years.

Refer to YRBS Questionnaire Content for information about specific

questions asked in a given year.

Refer to the 2019 YRBS Data User’s Guide for details on how race/ethnicity
variables are edited and calculated.

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Body Mass Body mass index (BMI), body mass index percentile, an obesity indicator,
Index (BMI) and an overweight indicator are calculated from self-reported height and
Variables weight.

Variable Description
stheight Data from:

How tall are you without your shoes on?

stweight Data from:

How much do you weigh without your shoes on?

bmi Body mass index (BMI)
bmipct Student’s BMI percentile
qnobese Obesity indicator
qnowt Overweight indicator

Refer to Appendix C and the 2019 YRBS Data User’s Guide for details on
how these variables are edited and calculated.

Sexual Sexual minority variables for surveys that included the questions include two
Minority variables from the original questions measuring sexual identity and sex of
Variables sexual contacts and four variables that categorize the responses from those
questions. Sexpart and sexpart2 of sexual contacts are calculated by crossing
the responses to “What is your sex?” and “During your life, with whom have
you had sexual contact?”

Variable Description
Q66 Data from:

Which of the following best describes you?

A. Heterosexual (straight)
B. Gay or lesbian
C. Bisexual
D. Not sure

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Q65 Data from:

During your life, with whom have you had sexual

contact?
A. I have never had sexual contact
B. Females
C. Males
D. Females and males
sexid Sexual identity:

1 = "Heterosexual"
2 = "Gay or Lesbian"
3 = "Bisexual"
4 = "Not Sure"
sexid2 Collapsed sexual identity:

1 = "Heterosexual"
2 = "Sexual Minority" (includes students who
responded that they were gay or lesbian or
bisexual)
3 = "Unsure"
sexpart Sex of sexual contact(s):

1 = "Never had sex"

2 = "Opposite sex only"
3 = "Same sex only"
4 = "Both Sexes"
sexpart2 Collapsed sex of sexual contact(s):

1 = "Never had sex"

2 = "Opposite sex only"
3 = "Same sex only or both sexes"

Refer to Appendix B for a list of surveys that included the sexual identity
question and/or the sex of sexual contact question.

Refer to the How to Analyze YRBS Sexual Minority Data for details on best
practices for analyzing data from the sexual identity and sex of sexual
contacts questions.

Note: Starting with the 2015 YRBS cycle, the questions measuring sexual
identity and sex of sexual contact were included on the national YRBS

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questionnaire and the standard questionnaire that state and local health and
education agencies use to develop their own YRBS questionnaire. Most but
not all agencies chose to keep these questions in their 2019 YRBS
questionnaire.

2019 2019 questionnaire variables in original and dichotomized versions.

Questionnaire
Variables
Variable Description
q8-q64 q67-89 Original data from questions 8 through 64 or 67
through 89 on the 2019 YRBS standard questionnaire.
They are named with a “q” followed by the question
number.
qn8-qn64 qn67- Dichotomized versions of questions 8 through 64 or
qn89 67 through 89. They are named with a “qn” followed
by the question number.

The dichotomous variables are set to “1” when the

student responds with an answer that is in the
response(s) of interest (ROI). Students that respond
otherwise are set to “2.” Dichotomized variables are
help analysts easily analyze risk behaviors in a way
that reflects terms of broad interest.

Refer to Appendix C for detailed specifications on the questionnaire

variables, what each dichotomous variable represents, and how they are
calculated.

Refer to the 2019 YRBS Data User’s Guide for more explanation of
dichotomous variables.

2019 Supplemental variables calculated from the 2019 questionnaire. Supplemental

Supplemental dichotomous variables (coded as 1 or 2) of broad interest. They are named
Variables with a “qn” followed by a word that indicates the content of the variable.
Supplemental variables are calculated based on data from one or sometimes
more than one question.

Variable Description/Variable Label

qnfrcig Currently smoked cigarettes frequently

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qndaycig Currently smoked cigarettes daily

qnfrevp Currently used an electronic vapor product frequently
qndayevp Currently used an electronic vapor product daily
qnfrcgr Currently smoked cigars frequently
qndaycgr Currently smoked cigars daily
qntb2 Currently smoked cigarettes or cigars
qntb3 Currently smoked cigarettes or cigars or used
smokeless tobacco
qntb4 Currently smoked cigarettes or cigars or used
smokeless tobacco or electronic vapor products
qntb5 Currently smoked cigarettes or used electronic vapor
products
qniudimp Used an IUD (e.g., Mirena or ParaGard) or implant
(e.g., Implanon or Nexplanon) before last sexual
intercourse
qnothhpl Used birth control pills; an IUD (such as Mirena or
ParaGard) or implant (such as Implanon or
Nexplanon); or a shot (such as Depo-Provera), patch
(such as OrthoEvra), or birth control ring (such as
NuvaRing) before last sexual intercourse
qndualbc Used both a condom during last sexual intercourse
and birth control pills; an IUD (such as Mirena or
ParaGard) or implant (such as Implanon or
Nexplanon); or a shot (such as Depo-Provera), patch
(such as OrthoEvra), or birth control ring (such as
NuvaRing) before last sexual intercourse
qnbcnone Did not use any method to prevent pregnancy during
last sexual intercourse
qnfr0 Did not eat fruit or drink 100% fruit juices
qnfr1 Ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices one or more
times per day
qnfr2 Ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices two or more
times per day
qnveg0 Did not eat vegetables
qnveg1 Ate vegetables one or more times per day
qnveg2 Ate vegetables two or more times per day
qnveg3 Ate vegetables three or more times per day

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qnsoda1 Drank a can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop one or

more times per day
qnsoda2 Drank a can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop two or
more times per day
qnmilk1 Drank one or more glasses per day of milk
qnmilk3 Drank three or more glasses per day of milk
qnbk7day Ate breakfast on all 7 days
qnpa0day Did not participate in at least 60 minutes of physical
activity on at least 1 day
qnpa7day Were physically active at least 60 minutes per day on
all 7 days
qndlype Attended physical education classes on all 5 days
qnnodnt Never saw a dentist

Refer to Appendix D for detailed specifications about what each supplemental

variable represents and how it is calculated.

Refer to the 2019 YRBS Data User’s Guide for more explanation of
supplemental variables.

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Selected Selected additional risk behavior variables in original and dichotomized

Additional Risk versions. These variables come from questions that are not on the standard
Behavior 2019 YRBS questionnaire but that are considered to be of broad interest. The
Variables
variables for the original questions are named with a “q” followed by a word
that indicates the content of the variable. The dichotomized versions (coded
as 1 or 2) are named with a “qn” followed by a word that indicates the content
of the variable.

Variable Description/Variable Label

qbikehelmet Bicycle helmet use
qdrivemarijuana Drive when using marijuana
qcelldriving Cell phone use while driving
qpropertydamage Property stolen at school >= 1 time
qbullyweight Victim of teasing b/c of physical appearance
qbullygender Victim of gender teasing
qbullygay Ever been teased b/c labeled GLB
qchokeself Ever been choked/choked self on purpose
qcigschool Currently smoke at school >=1 days
qchewtobschool Current snuff @ school
qalcoholschool Current drink at school
qtypealcohol2 Type of alcohol drink most often
qhowmarijuana Usual use of marijuana
qmarijuanaschool Marijuana use at school
qcurrentopioid Times take pain medicine w/o prescription 30d
qcurrentcocaine Current cocaine use
qcurrentheroin Current heroin use
qcurrentmeth Current meth use
qhallucdrug Ever used hallucinogenic drugs
qprescription30d Times take drug w/o prescription 30d
qgenderexp Others description of your masc/fem
qtaughtHIV Ever taught about AIDS/HIV at school
qtaughtsexed Ever had sex education in school
qtaughtstd Ever been taught in school about STDs

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qtaughtcondom Ever been taught in school about how to use condom

qtaughtbc Ever been taught about BC methods in sch
qdietpop Diet soda drinking >=1 time/day
qcoffeetea Coffee/tea drinking >=1 time/day
qsportsdrink Sports drinks
qenergydrink Energy drink >=1 time/day
qsugardrink Sugar-sweetened beverage >=1 time/day
qwater Plain water
qfastfood Meal/snack fast food >= 3 days
qfoodallergy Food allergies
qwenthungry How often went hungry
qmusclestrength Muscle strengthening
qsunscreenuse Sunscreen use outside
qindoortanning Indoor tanning
qsunburn Sunburn
qconcentrating Difficulty concentrating
qcurrentasthma Current asthma
qwheresleep Homelessness
qspeakenglish How well speak English
qtransgender Transgender
qnbikehelmet Rarely or never wore a bicycle helmet
qndrivemarijuana Drove a car or other vehicle when they had been
using marijuana
qncelldriving Talked on a cell phone use while driving
qnpropertydamage Reported that their property had been stolen or
deliberately damaged on school property one or more
times
qnbullyweight Have been the victim of teasing or name calling
because of their weight, size, or physical appearance
qnbullygender Have been the victim of teasing or name calling
because of their gender
qnbullygay Have been the victim of teasing or name calling
because someone thought they were gay, lesbian, or
bisexual

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qnchokeself Have ever been choked by someone or tried to choke

themselves on purpose
qncigschool Smoked cigarettes on school property
qnchewtobschool Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on school
property
qnalcoholschool Currently had at least one drink of alcohol on school
property
qntypealcohol2 Reported liquor as the type of alcohol they drank
most often
qnhowmarijuana Usually used marijuana by smoking it in a joint,
bong, pipe, or blunt
qnmarijuanaschool Used marijuana on school property
qncurrentopioid Currently took prescription pain medicine without a
doctor's prescription or differently than how a doctor
told them to use it
qncurrentcocaine Currently used any form of cocaine
qncurrentheroin Currently used heroin
qncurrentmeth Currently used methamphetamines
qnhallucdrug Ever used hallucinogenic drugs
qnprescription30d Currently took a prescription drug without a doctor's
prescription
qnillict Ever used select illicit drugs
qngenderexp Think other people at school would describe them as
equally feminine and masculine
qntaughtHIV Have been taught about AIDS or HIV infection in
school
qntaughtsexed Have had sex education in school
qntaughtstd Have been taught in school about sexually
transmitted diseases (STDs)
qntaughtcondom Have ever been taught in school about how to use a
condom to prevent pregnancy or sexually transmitted
diseases (STDs)
qntaughtbc Have been taught in school about birth control
methods
qndietpop Drank a can, bottle, or glass of diet soda or pop

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qncoffeetea Drank a cup, can, or bottle of coffee, coffee drinks,

or any kind of tea
qnsportsdrink Did not drink a can, bottle, or glass of a sports drink
qnspdrk1 Drank a can, bottle, or glass of a sports drink one or
more times per day
qnspdrk2 Drank a can, bottle, or glass of a sports drink two or
more times per day
qnenergydrink Drank a can, bottle, or glass of an energy drink
qnsugardrink Drank a can, bottle, or glass of a sugar-sweetened
beverage
qnwater Did not drink a bottle or glass of plain water
qnwater1 Drank one or more glasses per day of plain water
qnwater2 Drank two or more glasses per day of plain water
qnwater3 Drank three or more glasses per day of plain water
qnfastfood Ate at least one meal or snack from a fast food
restaurant
qnfoodallergy Have to avoid some foods because eating the food
could cause an allergic reaction
qnwenthungry Most of the time or always went hungry because
there was not enough food in their home
qnmusclestrength Did exercises to strengthen or tone their muscles on
three or more days
qnsunscreenuse Most of the time or always wear sunscreen
qnindoortanning Used an indoor tanning device
qnsunburn Had a sunburn
qnconcentrating Have serious difficulty concentrating, remembering,
or making decisions
qncurrentasthma Had been told by a doctor or nurse that they had
asthma and who still have asthma
qnwheresleep Did not usually sleep in their parent's or guardian's
home
qnspeakenglish Speak English well or very well
qntransgender Are transgender

Refer to Appendix E for detailed specifications about the selected additional

risk behavior variables.

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Analytic Considerations
Introduction Important analytic considerations include

• Software requirements
• Minimum cell size
• Combining state and district datasets

Software The YRBS uses a multi-stage cluster sample design. Statistical software used
Requirements to analyze YRBS data should account for this design. Many packages with
this capability are available.
Refer to Software for Analysis of YRBS Data for more information on five
statistical packages (SUDAAN, SAS, STATA, SPSS, and Epi Info) that can
be used to analyze the YRBS.

Minimum Cell In general, CDC analyses of YRBS data use 100 as the minimum cell
Size denominator although other analyses have used lower cutoffs (CDC uses 30
as the minimum cell size when analyzing sexual minority data, for instance).
Different cutoffs can be used but it is important to set a level for any analyses
and to be aware of cell size when analyzing the data.

Note: This refers to the denominator, not numerator. It is possible to have

numerators of 0; these are reported as 0% with no confidence intervals.

Combining Generally, as long as there is a sufficient number of records, it is

State and recommended that state data be combined only with other states and that
District districts be combined only with other districts.
Datasets
It is not recommended to combine state data and district data because of
possible overlap between the two and because state data contain both urban
and rural students while district data contain only urban students.

Refer to Combining YRBS Data Across Years and Sites for more information
about combining YRBS datasets.

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Appendix A: Record Counts by Survey and Year

Appendix A Appendix A contains number of records available by survey and by year. National, state, and district YRBS data
come from separate scientific samples of schools and students. National YRBS datasets are not the aggregate of
the state YRBS dataset. State and district YRBS dataset are not subsets of the National YRBS data set.

Number of National Survey Records by Year of Survey

Survey Site Name Year of Survey

(Sitecode) 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Total

United States (XX) 12,272 16,296 10,904 16,262 15,349 13,601 15,214 13,917 14,041 16,410 15,425 13,583 15,624 14,765 13,677 217,340

Number of Records by State and Year of Survey

Survey Site Name Year of Survey

(Sitecode) 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Total

Alabama (AL) 2,477 4,412 3,911 3,787 2,095 1,578 1,088 1,140 0 1,520 1,358 1,574 1,565 0 2,040 28,545

Alaska (AK) 0 0 1,634 0 0 0 1,481 0 1,318 1,373 1,327 1,235 1,418 1,332 1,875 12,993

Arizona (AZB) 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,431 3,307 3,095 2,596 2,899 1,623 2,582 2,139 1,926 23,598

Arkansas (AR) 0 0 2,267 1,991 1,454 1,694 0 1,615 1,608 1,690 1,375 1,547 2,880 1,682 2,024 21,827

California (CA) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,943 1,778 1,334 5,055

Colorado (CO) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,498 0 1,511 1,523 0 0 1,493 1,348 7,373

Connecticut (CT) 0 0 0 1,690 0 0 0 2,256 2,072 2,392 2,058 2,405 2,398 2,425 2,015 19,711

Delaware (DE) 0 0 0 0 2,180 2,915 3,048 2,717 2,627 2,407 2,299 2,756 2,777 2,906 0 26,632

Florida (FL) 0 0 0 0 0 4,237 4,080 4,564 4,523 5,664 6,212 6,089 6,359 6,171 5,703 53,602

Georgia (GA) 2,272 1,591 0 0 0 0 2,066 1,755 2,465 1,882 1,969 1,992 0 0 4,564 20,556

Hawaii (HI) 0 1,565 1,244 1,409 1,248 0 0 1,662 1,191 1,511 4,329 4,631 6,089 6,031 5,879 36,789

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Number of Records by State and Year of Survey

Survey Site Name Year of Survey

(Sitecode) 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Total

Idaho (ID) 4,212 4,032 0 0 0 1,714 1,731 1,457 1,440 2,164 1,702 1,886 1,760 1,818 1,210 25,126

Illinois (IL) 0 4,056 3,102 0 0 0 0 0 2,438 3,051 3,616 3,276 3,282 5,010 3,125 30,956

Iowa (IA) 0 0 0 1,521 0 0 0 1,359 1,440 0 1,535 0 0 1,691 1,593 9,139

Kansas (KS) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,654 1,733 2,026 1,876 1,941 0 2,413 1,417 13,060

Kentucky (KY) 0 0 0 1,465 0 0 1,613 3,282 3,595 1,777 1,829 1,626 2,577 1,997 1,996 21,757

Louisiana (LA) 0 0 0 5,563 0 0 0 0 1,349 1,035 1,160 1,107 0 1,273 1,305 12,792

Maine (ME) 0 0 1,388 1,837 0 1,351 1,680 1,375 1,324 9,275 9,918 9,017 9,605 9,501 8,378 64,649

Maryland (MD) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,414 1,528 1,644 2,920 53,785 55,596 51,087 41,091 209,065

Michigan (MI) 0 0 0 3,933 2,690 3,630 3,452 3,253 3,532 3,411 4,194 4,266 4,816 1,626 4,565 43,368

Mississippi (MS) 0 1,394 1,273 1,532 1,565 1,806 1,488 0 1,614 1,795 1,828 1,584 2,154 0 1,767 19,800

Missouri (MO) 0 0 4,900 1,483 1,652 1,650 1,551 1,878 1,561 1,624 0 1,616 1,502 1,864 1,216 22,497

Montana (MT) 0 2,518 2,535 2,457 2,917 2,755 2,781 3,077 4,030 1,852 4,148 4,889 4,486 4,741 3,819 47,005

Nebraska (NE) 2,455 3,178 0 0 0 0 2,933 3,755 0 0 3,832 1,885 1,688 1,427 1,328 22,481

Nevada (NV) 0 2,030 1,538 1,464 1,677 1,464 1,982 1,556 1,783 2,085 0 2,133 1,452 1,667 1,409 22,240

New Hampshire (NH) 0 2,684 2,092 0 0 0 1,327 1,276 1,638 1,493 1,413 1,634 14,837 12,050 13,710 54,154

New Jersey (NJ) 0 0 0 0 0 2,142 0 1,495 0 1,756 1,657 1,701 0 0 1,393 10,144

New Mexico (NM) 3,137 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,634 2,638 5,047 5,875 5,451 8,304 5,781 7,603 49,470

New York (NY) 0 0 0 3,741 3,312 0 9,320 9,708 13,439 14,870 13,201 10,643 10,834 11,411 10,858 111,337

North Carolina (NC) 0 2,439 1,779 0 0 2,548 2,553 3,874 3,506 5,702 2,278 1,846 6,178 3,151 3,056 38,910

North Dakota (ND) 0 0 1,517 0 1,823 1,599 1,666 1,725 1,768 1,838 1,911 1,981 2,121 2,142 2,045 22,136

Oklahoma (OK) 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,384 1,715 2,612 1,413 1,147 1,474 1,611 1,649 2,008 15,013

Pennsylvania (PA) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,080 0 0 2,899 3,761 2,338 11,078

Rhode Island (RI) 0 0 0 1,528 0 1,392 1,814 2,362 2,210 3,213 3,961 2,453 3,462 2,221 1,613 26,229

South Carolina (SC) 5,815 4,282 5,527 5,539 4,597 0 0 1,309 1,241 1,108 1,493 1,606 1,358 1,501 1,221 36,597

South Dakota (SD) 1,376 1,348 1,192 1,604 1,674 1,614 1,829 1,590 1,611 2,170 1,543 1,320 1,313 0 1,457 21,641

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Number of Records by State and Year of Survey

Survey Site Name Year of Survey

(Sitecode) 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Total

Tennessee (TN) 0 3,234 0 0 0 0 1,940 1,540 2,069 2,220 2,635 1,904 4,138 2,043 2,228 23,951

Texas (TX) 0 0 0 0 0 7,067 0 4,130 3,389 3,506 4,209 3,181 0 2,113 2,032 29,627

Utah (UT) 4,579 4,420 3,291 1,388 1,509 1,071 1,451 1,549 1,976 1,598 1,729 2,195 0 1,848 1,537 30,141

Vermont (VT) 0 6,680 5,987 6,964 7,125 7,191 6,028 7,206 6,777 9,572 8,654 6,558 21,013 20,653 18,613 139,021

Virginia (VA) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,440 6,935 5,195 3,697 4,620 21,887

West Virginia (WV) 0 2,818 2,079 1,818 1,323 0 1,748 1,368 1,393 1,670 2,170 1,793 1,622 1,563 1,403 22,768

Wisconsin (WI) 0 3,314 0 1,325 1,336 2,120 2,121 2,389 2,094 2,434 3,043 2,843 0 2,067 1,829 26,915

Wyoming (WY) 0 0 1,687 2,081 1,619 2,770 1,552 2,500 2,244 2,902 2,519 3,015 2,424 0 0 25,313

Total 26,323 55,995 48,943 56,120 41,796 54,308 69,138 95,944 96,871 118,877 124,785 171,396 204,238 189,723 182,491 1,536,948

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Number of Records by District and Year of Survey

Year of Survey
Survey Site Name
(Sitecode)
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Total

Albuquerque (AB) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,216 3,216

Borough of Bronx
0 0 0 0 0 0 1,347 2,116 1,960 2,833 2,723 1,739 1,804 2,148 2,363 19,033
(NYG)

Borough of Brooklyn
0 0 0 0 0 0 1,454 1,695 1,980 2,530 2,713 1,686 2,337 2,890 2,289 19,574
(NYH)

Borough of
0 0 0 0 0 0 1,594 1,899 1,936 2,647 2,524 1,928 1,461 2,396 1,924 18,309
Manhattan (NYI)

Borough of Queens
0 0 0 0 0 0 1,526 1,143 1,573 2,311 1,893 1,929 1,603 1,544 1,510 15,032
(NYJ)

Borough of Staten
0 0 0 0 0 0 1,469 1,287 1,631 1,566 1,717 2,157 1,317 1,213 1,448 13,805
Island (NYK)

Broward County, FL
1,307 1,647 1,656 1,628 1,809 2,112 2,210 1,674 1,347 1,526 1,681 1,443 1,413 938 1,178 23,569
(FT)

Charlotte-
Mecklenburg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,755 1,484 1,713 1,555 1,417 0 0 0 7,924
County, NC (CM)

Chicago, IL (CH) 1,529 1,817 1,697 1,423 1,317 955 968 942 1,118 1,292 1,907 1,581 0 1,883 1,562 19,991

Clark County, NV
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,461 0 0 0 0 0 1,461
(CC)

Cleveland, OH (CE) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,705 1,860 1,241 4,806

Dallas, TX (DA) 3,331 3,279 3,146 1,583 1,622 1,719 1,797 1,126 1,134 965 1,152 0 0 0 0 20,854

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Number of Records by District and Year of Survey

Year of Survey
Survey Site Name
(Sitecode)
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Total

Duval County, FL
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,513 3,336 3,558 3,608 3,493 4,032 20,540
(DU)

Eaton Consortium,
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,058 1,058
MI (EA)

Fort Worth, TX
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,604 3,380 1,992 7,976
(FW)

Gaston County, NC
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,339 1,339
(GS)

Genesee Consortium,
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,077 1,077
MI (GE)

Hillsborough
0 0 0 0 0 0 1,771 2,354 1,606 0 0 0 0 0 1,552 7,283
County, FL (HL)

Los Angeles, CA
0 0 0 1,761 0 1,295 1,063 1,228 1,118 1,927 1,767 1,619 2,336 1,409 1,405 16,928
(LO)

Miami-Dade County,
2,150 1,602 1,746 2,029 1,813 2,052 1,953 2,399 2,305 2,256 2,302 2,426 2,728 2,863 0 30,624
FL (MM)

Milwaukee, WI
0 0 0 0 0 0 1,476 1,868 1,892 1,841 1,862 1,308 0 0 0 10,247
(ML)

New Orleans, LA
0 0 1,744 1,666 1,380 0 1,617 1,661 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8,068
(NO)

New York City, NY

0 0 0 2,014 1,580 1,616 7,390 8,140 9,080 11,887 11,570 9,439 8,522 10,191 9,534 90,963
(NYC)

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Number of Records by District and Year of Survey

Year of Survey
Survey Site Name
(Sitecode)
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Total

Newark, NJ (NW) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,171 1,171

Oakland, CA (OA) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,669 1,971 1,013 4,653

Orange County, FL
0 0 0 0 0 1,561 1,219 1,510 1,226 1,339 1,524 1,658 1,458 1,386 1,429 14,310
(OL)

Palm Beach County,

0 0 0 0 1,689 1,504 1,857 1,584 1,839 2,087 2,198 1,836 2,490 2,353 2,652 22,089
FL (PB)

Pasco County, FL
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,498 1,498
(PS)

Philadelphia, PA
1,429 0 1,816 1,729 1,422 1,037 1,471 0 2,450 1,328 1,539 1,280 1,717 1,585 1,217 20,020
(PH)

Portland, OR (PO) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,837 1,837

San Bernardino, CA
0 0 0 0 0 956 1,699 1,364 1,365 1,300 1,430 1,395 0 0 0 9,509
(SB)

San Diego, CA (SA) 658 1,788 1,997 2,445 1,715 1,814 1,811 1,695 1,542 1,667 1,529 1,357 2,333 2,452 1,388 26,191

San Francisco, CA
0 0 0 1,914 0 1,431 0 2,419 2,587 2,154 2,220 1,953 2,181 2,544 2,169 21,572
(SF)

Seattle, WA (SE) 0 2,517 2,405 0 1,643 0 0 0 0 1,821 1,896 1,773 0 0 1,296 13,351

Shelby County, TN
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,991 1,410 3,401
(ST)

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Number of Records by District and Year of Survey

Year of Survey
Survey Site Name
(Sitecode)
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Total

Spartanburg County,
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 970 970
SC (SP)

Total 10,404 12,650 16,207 18,192 15,990 18,052 35,692 39,859 41,173 50,964 51,038 43,482 43,286 50,490 56,770 504,249

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Appendix B: Surveys that Included Sexual Minority Questions

Appendix B Appendix B shows which surveys in the Combined Datasets included one or
the other of the sexual minority questions. An “x” indicates that the question
was asked for a given survey and year.

Notes:

1. Other YRBS state and district surveys have included the sexual
minority questions on their questionnaire but their data are not in the
Combined Datasets because the sponsoring health or education
agency that conducted the survey did not give CDC permission to
include the data.
2. The sexual minority questions were not asked in the national survey
YRBS until 2015.

National Surveys that Included Sexual Identity Question by Year of Survey

Survey Site Name

1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Count
(Sitecode)
United States (XX) x x x 3

Count 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 3

National Surveys that Included Sex of Sexual Contacts Question by Year of Survey

Survey Site Name

1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Count
(Sitecode)

United States (XX) x x x 3

Count 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 3

State Surveys that Included Sexual Identity Question by Year of Survey x

Survey Site Name

1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Count
(Sitecode)
Alabama (AL) x 1
Arizona (AZB) x x x x 4
Arkansas (AR) x x x 3
California (CA) x x x 3
Colorado (CO) x x 2
Connecticut (CT) x x x x x 5
Delaware (DE) x x x x x x x x 8

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State Surveys that Included Sexual Identity Question by Year of Survey x

Survey Site Name

1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Count
(Sitecode)
Florida (FL) x x x x 4
Hawaii (HI) x x x x x 5
Illinois (IL) x x x x x x 6
Iowa (IA) x x 2
Kentucky (KY) x x x 3
Maine (ME) x x x x x x x 7
Maryland (MD) x x x x 4
Michigan (MI) x x x x 4
Mississippi (MS) x 1
Missouri (MO) x 1
Nebraska (NE) x x 2
Nevada (NV) x x x 3
New Hampshire
x x x 3
(NH)
New Jersey (NJ) x 1
New Mexico (NM) x x x x 4
New York (NY) x x x 3
North Carolina
x x x x 4
(NC)
North Dakota
x x x x x x 6
(ND)
Oklahoma (OK) x x x 3
Pennsylvania (PA) x x x 3
Rhode Island (RI) x x x x x x x 7
South Carolina
x x 2
(SC)
Texas (TX) x x 2

Utah (UT) x 1

Vermont (VT) x x x x x x x x 8

Virginia (VA) x 1
West Virginia
x x x 3
(WV)
Wisconsin (WI) x x x x 4

Wyoming (WY) x 1

State Count 0 0 0 1 2 4 6 9 16 23 29 34 124

States Surveys that Included Sex of Sexual Contacts Question by Year of Survey

Survey Site Name

1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Count
(Sitecode)
Alabama (AL) x 1

Arkansas (AR) x x x 3

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States Surveys that Included Sex of Sexual Contacts Question by Year of Survey

Survey Site Name

1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Count
(Sitecode)
California (CA) x x x 3

Connecticut (CT) x x x x x x x 7

Delaware (DE) x x x x x x x x 8

Florida (FL) x x x x x 5

Hawaii (HI) x x x x x 5

Iowa (IA) x x 2

Illinois (IL) x x x x x x 6

Kentucky (KY) x x x x 4

Maine (ME) x x x x x x x x x 9

Maryland (MD) x 1

Michigan (MI) x x x x x 5

Mississippi (MS) x 1

Missouri (MO) x 1

Nebraska (NE) x x 2

Nevada (NV) x x x 3
New Hampshire
x x x x x 5
(NH)
New Jersey (NJ) x x 2
New Mexico
x x x x 4
(NM)
New York (NY) x x x 3
North Carolina
x x x x 4
(NC)
North Dakota
x 1
(ND)
Oklahoma (OK) x x x 3
Pennsylvania (PA) x x x 3

Rhode Island (RI) x x x x x x x 7

South Carolina
x x 2
(SC)
Texas (TX) x x 2
Vermont (VT) x x x x x x x x x x x 11

Virginia (VA) x 1
West Virginia
x x x 3
(WV)
Wisconsin (WI) x x x x x x 6

Wyoming (WY) x 1

State Count 2 1 2 3 3 6 7 11 15 21 25 28 124

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District Surveys that Included Sexual Identity Question by Year of Survey

Survey Site Name 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Count

Albuquerque , NM (AB) x 1

Borough of Bronx (NYG) x x x x x x x x 8

Borough of Brooklyn (NYH) x x x x x x x x 8

Borough of Manhattan (NYI) x x x x x x x x 8

Borough of Queens (NYJ) x x x x x x x x 8

Borough of Staten Island (NYK) x x x x x x x x 8

Broward County, FL (FT) x x x x 4

Charlotte-Mecklenburg County,
x 1
SC (CM)
Chicago, IL (CH) x x x x x x x x 8
Cleveland, OH (CE) x x x 3
Duval County, FL (DU) x x x x 4
Eaton Consortium, MI (EA) x 1
Fort Worth, TX (FW) x x x 3
Gaston County, NC (GS) x 1
Genesee Consortium, MI (GE) x 1
Hillsborough County, FL (HL) x 1
Los Angeles, CA (LO) x x x x x x 6
Miami-Dade County, FL (MM) x x 2
Milwaukee, WI (ML) x x 2
New York City, NY (NYC) x x x x x x x x 8
Newark, NJ (NW) x 1
Oakland, CA (OA) x x x 3
Orange County, FL (OL) x x x x 4
Palm Beach County, FL (PB) x x x x 4
Pasco County, FL (PS) x 1
Philadelphia, PA (PH) x x x 3
Portland, OR (PO) x 1
San Bernardino, CA (SB) x 1
San Diego, CA (SA) x x x x x 5
San Francisco, CA (SF) x x x x x x x x x 9
Seattle, WA (SE) x x x x x 5
Shelby County, TN (ST) x x 2

District Count 0 1 2 1 8 8 10 12 17 18 20 28 125

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District Surveys that Included Sex of Sexual Contacts Question by Survey Year

Survey Site Name 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Count

Albuquerque, NM (AB) x 1

Borough of Bronx (NYG) x x x x x x x x 8

Borough of Brooklyn (NYH) x x x x x x x x 8

Borough of Manhattan (NYI) x x x x x x x x 8

Borough of Queens (NYJ) x x x x x x x x 8

Borough of Staten Island (NYK) x x x x x x x x 8

Broward County, FL (FT) x x x x 4

Chicago, IL (CH) x x x x x x x x 8

Cleveland, OH (CE) x x x 3

Duval County, FL (DU) x x x 3

Easton Consortium, MI (EA) x 1

Fort Worth, TX (FW) x x x 3

Gaston County, NC (GS) x 1

Genesee Consortium, MI (GE) x 1

Hillsborough County, FL (HL) x x 2

Los Angeles, CA (LO) x x x x x x x 7

Miami-Dade County, FL (MM) x x 2

Milwaukee, WI (ML) x x x x 4
New York City (NYC) x x x x x x x x 8

Newark, NJ (NW) x 1

Oakland, CA (OA) x x x 3

Orange County, FL (OL) x x x x 4

Palm Beach County, FL (PB) x x x x 4

Pasco County, FL (PS) x 1

Philadelphia, PA (PH) x x x x x x x 7
Portland, OR (PO) x 1

San Diego, CA (SA) x x x x x x x x x 9

San Francisco, CA (SF) x x x x x 5

Seattle, WA (SE) x x x 3

Shelby County, TN (ST) x x 2

Spartanburg County, SC (SP) x 1

District Count 0 2 2 4 8 9 9 12 16 18 20 29 129

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Appendix C: 2019 Questionnaire Variable Specifications

Appendix C Appendix C contains q and qn specifications for question 6 through question

89 of the 2019 standard YRBS questionnaire.

Q6. How tall are you without your shoes on?

Variable label: How tall are you

Dependence: Required by QNOWT and QNOBESE
Q7. How much do you weigh without your shoes on?

Variable label: How much do you weigh

Dependence: Required by QNOWT and QNOBESE
Q8. How often do you wear a seat belt when riding in a car driven by someone else?
A. Never
B. Rarely
C. Sometimes
D. Most of the time
E. Always

Variable label: Seat belt use

QN8: Numerator: Students who answered A or B for Q8

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E for Q8
Summary text: Percentage of students who rarely or never wore a seat belt (when riding in a car driven
by someone else)
Variable label: Rarely or never wore a seat belt
Q9. During the past 30 days, how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who had
been drinking alcohol?
A. 0 times
B. 1 time
C. 2 or 3 times
D. 4 or 5 times
E. 6 or more times

Variable label: Riding with a drinking driver

QN9: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, or E for Q9

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E for Q9
Summary text: Percentage of students who rode with a driver who had been drinking alcohol (in a car
or other vehicle, one or more times during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Rode with a driver who had been drinking alcohol

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Q10. During the past 30 days, how many times did you drive a car or other vehicle when you had been drinking
alcohol?
A. I did not drive a car or other vehicle during the past 30 days
B. 0 times
C. 1 time
D. 2 or 3 times
E. 4 or 5 times
F. 6 or more times

Variable label: Drinking and driving

Short response:
A. Did not drive
B. 0 times
C. 1 time
D. 2 or 3 times
E. 4 or 5 times
F. 6 or more times

QN10*: Numerator: Students who answered C, D, E, or F for Q10

Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F for Q10
Summary text: Percentage of students who drove a car or other vehicle when they had been drinking
alcohol (one or more times during the 30 days before the survey, among students who
had driven a car or other vehicle during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Drove a car or other vehicle when they had been drinking alcohol
Q11. During the past 30 days, on how many days did you text or e-mail while driving a car or other vehicle?
A. I did not drive a car or other vehicle during the past 30 days
B. 0 days
C. 1 or 2 days
D. 3 to 5 days
E. 6 to 9 days
F. 10 to 19 days
G. 20 to 29 days
H. All 30 days

Variable label: Texting and driving

Short response:
A. Did not drive
B. 0 days
C. 1 or 2 days
D. 3 to 5 days
E. 6 to 9 days
F. 10 to 19 days
G. 20 to 29 days
H. All 30 days

QN11*: Numerator: Students who answered C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q11

Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q11
Summary text: Percentage of students who texted or e-mailed while driving a car or other vehicle (on at
least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey, among students who had driven a car
or other vehicle during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Texted or e-mailed while driving a car or other vehicle

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Q12. During the past 30 days, on how many days did you carry a weapon such as a gun, knife, or club?
A. 0 days
B. 1 day
C. 2 or 3 days
D. 4 or 5 days
E. 6 or more days

Variable label: Weapon carrying

QN12: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, or E for Q12

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E for Q12
Summary text: Percentage of students who carried a weapon (such as a gun, knife, or club, on at least 1
day during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Carried a weapon
Q13. During the past 30 days, on how many days did you carry a weapon such as a gun, knife, or club on school
property?
A. 0 days
B. 1 day
C. 2 or 3 days
D. 4 or 5 days
E. 6 or more days

Variable label: Weapon carrying at school

QN13: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, or E for Q13

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E for Q13
Summary text: Percentage of students who carried a weapon on school property (such as a gun, knife,
or club, on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Carried a weapon on school property
Q14. During the past 12 months, on how many days did you carry a gun? (Do not count the days when you carried a
gun only for hunting or for a sport, such as target shooting.)
A. 0 days
B. 1 day
C. 2 or 3 days
D. 4 or 5 days
E. 6 or more days

Variable label: Gun carrying past 12 mos

QN14: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, or E for Q14

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E for Q14
Summary text: Percentage of students who carried a gun (not counting the days when they carried a gun
only for hunting or for a sport such as target shooting, on at least 1 day during the 12
months before the survey)
Variable label: Carried a gun
Q15. During the past 30 days, on how many days did you not go to school because you felt you would be unsafe at
school or on your way to or from school?
A. 0 days
B. 1 day
C. 2 or 3 days
D. 4 or 5 days
E. 6 or more days

Variable label: Safety concerns at school

QN15: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, or E for Q15

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E for Q15
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not go to school because they felt unsafe at school or on
their way to or from school (on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Did not go to school because they felt unsafe at school or on their way to or from school

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Q16. During the past 12 months, how many times has someone threatened or injured you with a weapon such as a
gun, knife, or club on school property?
A. 0 times
B. 1 time
C. 2 or 3 times
D. 4 or 5 times
E. 6 or 7 times
F. 8 or 9 times
G. 10 or 11 times
H. 12 or more times

Variable label: Threatened at school

QN16: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q16

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q16
Summary text: Percentage of students who were threatened or injured with a weapon on school
property (such as a gun, knife, or club, one or more times during the 12 months before
the survey)
Variable label: Were threatened or injured with a weapon on school property
Q17. During the past 12 months, how many times were you in a physical fight?
A. 0 times
B. 1 time
C. 2 or 3 times
D. 4 or 5 times
E. 6 or 7 times
F. 8 or 9 times
G. 10 or 11 times
H. 12 or more times

Variable label: Physical fighting

QN17: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q17

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q17
Summary text: Percentage of students who were in a physical fight (one or more times during the 12
months before the survey)
Variable label: Were in a physical fight
Q18. During the past 12 months, how many times were you in a physical fight on school property?
A. 0 times
B. 1 time
C. 2 or 3 times
D. 4 or 5 times
E. 6 or 7 times
F. 8 or 9 times
G. 10 or 11 times
H. 12 or more times

Variable label: Physical fighting at school

QN18: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q18

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q18
Summary text: Percentage of students who were in a physical fight on school property (one or more
times during the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Were in a physical fight on school property

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Q19. Have you ever been physically forced to have sexual intercourse when you did not want to?
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Forced sexual intercourse

QN19: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q19

Denominator: Students who answered A or B for Q19
Summary text: Percentage of students who were ever physically forced to have sexual intercourse
(when they did not want to)
Variable label: Were ever physically forced to have sexual intercourse
Q20. During the past 12 months, how many times did anyone force you to do sexual things that you did not want to
do? (Count such things as kissing, touching, or being physically forced to have sexual intercourse.)
A. 0 times
B. 1 time
C. 2 or 3 times
D. 4 or 5 times
E. 6 or more times

Variable label: Sexual violence

QN20: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, or E for Q20

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E for Q20
Summary text: Percentage of students who experienced sexual violence (being forced by anyone to do
sexual things [counting such things as kissing, touching, or being physically forced to
have sexual intercourse] that they did not want to, one or more times during the 12
months before the survey)
Variable label: Experienced sexual violence
Q21. During the past 12 months, how many times did someone you were dating or going out with force you to do
sexual things that you did not want to do? (Count such things as kissing, touching, or being physically forced to
have sexual intercourse.)
A. I did not date or go out with anyone during the past 12 months
B. 0 times
C. 1 time
D. 2 or 3 times
E. 4 or 5 times
F. 6 or more times

Variable label: Sexual dating violence

Short response:
A. Did not date
B. 0 times
C. 1 time
D. 2 or 3 times
E. 4 or 5 times
F. 6 or more times

QN21*: Numerator: Students who answered C, D, E, or F for Q21

Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F for Q21
Summary text: Percentage of students who experienced sexual dating violence (being forced by
someone they were dating or going out with to do sexual things [counting such things as
kissing, touching, or being physically forced to have sexual intercourse] that they did
not want to, one or more times during the 12 months before the survey, among students
who dated or went out with someone during the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Experienced sexual dating violence

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Q22. During the past 12 months, how many times did someone you were dating or going out with physically hurt
you on purpose? (Count such things as being hit, slammed into something, or injured with an object or weapon.)
A. I did not date or go out with anyone during the past 12 months
B. 0 times
C. 1 time
D. 2 or 3 times
E. 4 or 5 times
F. 6 or more times

Variable label: Physical dating violence

Short response:
A. Did not date
B. 0 times
C. 1 time
D. 2 or 3 times
E. 4 or 5 times
F. 6 or more times

QN22*: Numerator: Students who answered C, D, E, or F for Q22

Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F for Q22
Summary text: Percentage of students who experienced physical dating violence (being physically hurt
on purpose by someone they were dating or going out with [counting such things as
being hit, slammed into something, or injured with an object or weapon] one or more
times during the 12 months before the survey, among students who dated or went out
with someone during the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Experienced physical dating violence
Q23. During the past 12 months, have you ever been bullied on school property?
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Bullying at school

QN23: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q23

Denominator: Students who answered A or B for Q23
Summary text: Percentage of students who were bullied on school property (ever during the 12 months
before the survey)
Variable label: Were bullied on school property
Q24. During the past 12 months, have you ever been electronically bullied? (Count being bullied through texting,
Instagram, Facebook, or other social media.)
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Electronic bullying

QN24: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q24

Denominator: Students who answered A or B for Q24
Summary text: Percentage of students who were electronically bullied (counting being bullied through
texting, Instagram, Facebook, or other social media, ever during the 12 months before
the survey)
Variable label: Were electronically bullied

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Q25. During the past 12 months, did you ever feel so sad or hopeless almost every day for two weeks or more in a
row that you stopped doing some usual activities?
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Sad or hopeless

QN25: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q25

Denominator: Students who answered A or B for Q25
Summary text: Percentage of students who felt sad or hopeless (almost every day for >=2 weeks in a
row so that they stopped doing some usual activities, ever during the 12 months before
the survey)
Variable label: Felt sad or hopeless
Q26. During the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Considered suicide

QN26: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q26

Denominator: Students who answered A or B for Q26
Summary text: Percentage of students who seriously considered attempting suicide (ever during the 12
months before the survey)
Variable label: Seriously considered attempting suicide
Q27. During the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Made a suicide plan

QN27: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q27

Denominator: Students who answered A or B for Q27
Summary text: Percentage of students who made a plan about how they would attempt suicide (during
the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Made a plan about how they would attempt suicide
Q28. During the past 12 months, how many times did you actually attempt suicide?
A. 0 times
B. 1 time
C. 2 or 3 times
D. 4 or 5 times
E. 6 or more times

Variable label: Attempted suicide

QN28: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, or E for Q28

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E for Q28
Summary text: Percentage of students who attempted suicide (one or more times during the 12 months
before the survey)
Variable label: Attempted suicide

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Q29. If you attempted suicide during the past 12 months, did any attempt result in an injury, poisoning, or overdose
that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse?
A. I did not attempt suicide during the past 12 months
B. Yes
C. No

Variable label: Injurious suicide attempt

QN29: Numerator: Students who answered B for Q29

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, or C for Q29
Summary text: Percentage of students who had a suicide attempt that resulted in an injury, poisoning, or
overdose that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse (during the 12 months before the
survey)
Variable label: Had a suicide attempt that resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdose that had to be treated
by a doctor or nurse
Q30. Have you ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs?
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Ever cigarette use

QN30: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q30

Denominator: Students who answered A or B for Q30
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever tried cigarette smoking (even one or two puffs)
Variable label: Ever tried cigarette smoking
Q31. How old were you when you first tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs?
A. I have never tried cigarette smoking, not even one or two puffs
B. 8 years old or younger
C. 9 or 10 years old
D. 11 or 12 years old
E. 13 or 14 years old
F. 15 or 16 years old
G. 17 years old or older

Variable label: Initiation of cigarette smoking

Short response:
A. Never tried cigarette smoking
B. 8 years old or younger
C. 9 or 10 years old
D. 11 or 12 years old
E. 13 or 14 years old
F. 15 or 16 years old
G. 17 years old or older

QN31: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, or D for Q31

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q31
Summary text: Percentage of students who first tried cigarette smoking before age 13 years (even one
or two puffs)
Variable label: First tried cigarette smoking before age 13 years

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Q32. During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke cigarettes?
A. 0 days
B. 1 or 2 days
C. 3 to 5 days
D. 6 to 9 days
E. 10 to 19 days
F. 20 to 29 days
G. All 30 days

Variable label: Current cigarette use

QN32: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q32

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q32
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently smoked cigarettes (on at least 1 day during the 30
days before the survey)
Variable label: Currently smoked cigarettes
Dependence: Required by QN33, QNFRCIG, QNDAYCIG, QNTB2, QNTB3, QNTB4, and QNTB5
Q33. During the past 30 days, on the days you smoked, how many cigarettes did you smoke per day?
A. I did not smoke cigarettes during the past 30 days
B. Less than 1 cigarette per day
C. 1 cigarette per day
D. 2 to 5 cigarettes per day
E. 6 to 10 cigarettes per day
F. 11 to 20 cigarettes per day
G. More than 20 cigarettes per day

Variable label: Smoked > 10 cigarettes

Short response:
A. Did not smoke cigarettes
B. Less than 1 cigarette
C. 1 cigarette
D. 2 to 5 cigarettes
E. 6 to 10 cigarettes
F. 11 to 20 cigarettes
G. More than 20 cigarettes

QN33*: Numerator: Students who answered F or G for Q33

Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q32 and answered B, C, D, E, F, or G
for Q33
Summary text: Percentage of students who smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day (on the days they
smoked during the 30 days before the survey, among students who currently smoked
cigarettes)
Variable label: Smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day
Dependence: Depends on Q32
Q34. Have you ever used an electronic vapor product?
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Electronic vapor product use

QN34: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q34

Denominator: Students who answered A or B for Q34
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever used an electronic vapor product
Variable label: Ever used an electronic vapor product

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Q35. During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use an electronic vapor product?
A. 0 days
B. 1 or 2 days
C. 3 to 5 days
D. 6 to 9 days
E. 10 to 19 days
F. 20 to 29 days
G. All 30 days

Variable label: Current electronic vapor use

QN35: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q35

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q35
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently used an electronic vapor product (on at least 1 day
during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Currently used an electronic vapor product
Dependence: Required by QN36, QNTB4, QNTB5, QNFREVP, and QNDAYEVP
Q36. During the past 30 days, how did you usually get your own electronic vapor products? (Select only one
response.)
A. I did not use any electronic vapor products during the past 30 days
B. I bought them in a store such as a convenience store, supermarket, discount store, gas station, or
vape store
C. I got them on the Internet
D. I gave someone else money to buy them for me
E. I borrowed them from someone else
F. A person who can legally buy these products gave them to me
G. I took them from a store or another person
H. I got them some other way

Variable label: EVP from store

Short response:
A. Did not use EVP
B. Store or gas station
C. I got them on the Internet
D. Someone else bought them
E. Borrowed them
F. Legal person gave them to me
G. Took them from a store/family
H. Some other way

QN36*: Numerator: Students who answered B for Q36

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F for Q1 and answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for
Q35 and answered B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q36
Summary text: Percentage of students who usually got their own electronic vapor products by buying
them in a store (such as a convenience store, supermarket, discount store, gas station, or
vape store, during the 30 days before the survey, among students who currently used
electronic vapor products and who were aged <18 years)
Variable label: Usually got their own electronic vapor products by buying them in a store
Dependence: Depends on Q1 and Q35

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Q37. During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use chewing tobacco, snuff, dip, snus, or dissolvable
tobacco products, such as Copenhagen, Grizzly, Skoal, or Camel Snus? (Do not count any electronic vapor
products.)
A. 0 days
B. 1 or 2 days
C. 3 to 5 days
D. 6 to 9 days
E. 10 to 19 days
F. 20 to 29 days
G. All 30 days

Variable label: Current smokeless tobacco use

QN37: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q37

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q37
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently used smokeless tobacco (chewing tobacco, snuff,
dip, snus, or dissolvable tobacco products [such as Copenhagen, Grizzly, Skoal, or
Camel Snus], not counting any electronic vapor products, on at least 1 day during the 30
days before the survey)
Variable label: Currently used smokeless tobacco
Dependence: Required by QNTB3 and QNTB4
Q38. During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars?
A. 0 days
B. 1 or 2 days
C. 3 to 5 days
D. 6 to 9 days
E. 10 to 19 days
F. 20 to 29 days
G. All 30 days

Variable label: Current cigar use

QN38 Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q38

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q38
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently smoked cigars (cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars,
on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Currently smoked cigars
Dependence: Required by QNFRCGR, QNDAYCGR, QNTB2, QNTB3, and QNTB4
Q39. During the past 12 months, did you ever try to quit using all tobacco products, including cigarettes, cigars,
smokeless tobacco, shisha or hookah tobacco, and electronic vapor products?
A. I did not use any tobacco products during the past 12 months
B. Yes
C. No

Variable label: All tobacco product cessation

Short response:
A. Did not use tobacco products
B. Yes
C. No

QN39*: Numerator: Students who answered B for Q39

Denominator: Students who answered B or C for Q39
Summary text: Percentage of students who tried to quit using all tobacco products (including cigarettes,
cigars, smokeless tobacco, shisha or hookah tobacco, and electronic vapor products,
ever during the 12 months before the survey, among students who used any tobacco
products during the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Tried to quit using all tobacco products

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Q40. How old were you when you had your first drink of alcohol other than a few sips?
A. I have never had a drink of alcohol other than a few sips
B. 8 years old or younger
C. 9 or 10 years old
D. 11 or 12 years old
E. 13 or 14 years old
F. 15 or 16 years old
G. 17 years old or older

Variable label: Initiation of alcohol use

Short response:
A. Never drank alcohol
B. 8 years old or younger
C. 9 or 10 years old
D. 11 or 12 years old
E. 13 or 14 years old
F. 15 or 16 years old
G. 17 years old or older

QN40: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, or D for Q40

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q40
Summary text: Percentage of students who had their first drink of alcohol before age 13 years (other
than a few sips)
Variable label: Had their first drink of alcohol before age 13 years
Q41. During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have at least one drink of alcohol?
A. 0 days
B. 1 or 2 days
C. 3 to 5 days
D. 6 to 9 days
E. 10 to 19 days
F. 20 to 29 days
G. All 30 days

Variable label: Current alcohol use

QN41: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q41

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q41
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently drank alcohol (at least one drink of alcohol, on at
least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Currently drank alcohol
Dependence: Required by QN44

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Q42. During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have 4 or more drinks of alcohol in a row, that is, within a
couple of hours (if you are female) or 5 or more drinks of alcohol in a row, that is, within a couple of hours (if
you are male)?
A. 0 days
B. 1 day
C. 2 days
D. 3 to 5 days
E. 6 to 9 days
F. 10 to 19 days
G. 20 or more days

Variable label: Current binge drinking

QN42: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q42

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q42
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently were binge drinking (had four or more drinks of
alcohol in a row for female students or five or more drinks of alcohol in a row for male
students, within a couple of hours, on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the
survey)
Variable label: Currently were binge drinking
Dependence: Depends on Q2
Q43. During the past 30 days, what is the largest number of alcoholic drinks you had in a row, that is, within a couple
of hours?
A. I did not drink alcohol during the past 30 days
B. 1 or 2 drinks
C. 3 drinks
D. 4 drinks
E. 5 drinks
F. 6 or 7 drinks
G. 8 or 9 drinks
H. 10 or more drinks

Variable label: Largest number of drinks

Short response:
A. Did not drink alcohol in past 30 days
B. 1 or 2 drinks
C. 3 drinks
D. 4 drinks
E. 5 drinks
F. 6 or 7 drinks
G. 8 or 9 drinks
H. 10 or more drinks

QN43: Numerator: Students who answered H for Q43

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q43
Summary text: Percentage of students who reported that the largest number of drinks they had in a row
was 10 or more (within a couple of hours, during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Reported that the largest number of drinks they had in a row was 10 or more

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Q44. During the past 30 days, how did you usually get the alcohol you drank?
A. I did not drink alcohol during the past 30 days
B. I bought it in a store such as a liquor store, convenience store, supermarket, discount store, or gas
station
C. I bought it at a restaurant, bar, or club
D. I bought it at a public event such as a concert or sporting event
E. I gave someone else money to buy it for me
F. Someone gave it to me
G. I took it from a store or family member
H. I got it some other way

Variable label: Source of alcohol

Short response:
A. Did not drink in past 30 days
B. Bought in store
C. Bought in restaurant
D. Bought at public event
E. I gave someone money to buy
F. Someone gave it to me
G. Took from a store/family
H. Some other way

QN44*: Numerator: Students who answered F for Q44

Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q41 and answered B, C, D, E, F, G, or H
for Q44
Summary text: Percentage of students who usually got the alcohol they drank by someone giving it to
them (during the 30 days before the survey, among students who currently drank
alcohol)
Variable label: Usually got the alcohol they drank by someone giving it to them
Dependence: Depends on Q41
Q45. During your life, how many times have you used marijuana?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 to 99 times
G. 100 or more times

Variable label: Ever marijuana use

QN45: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q45

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q45
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever used marijuana (one or more times during their life)
Variable label: Ever used marijuana

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Q46. How old were you when you tried marijuana for the first time?
A. I have never tried marijuana
B. 8 years old or younger
C. 9 or 10 years old
D. 11 or 12 years old
E. 13 or 14 years old
F. 15 or 16 years old
G. 17 years old or older

Variable label: Initiation of marijuana use

Short response:
A. Never tried marijuana
B. 8 years old or younger
C. 9 or 10 years old
D. 11 or 12 years old
E. 13 or 14 years old
F. 15 or 16 years old
G. 17 years old or older

QN46: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, or D for Q46

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q46
Summary text: Percentage of students who tried marijuana for the first time before age 13 years
Variable label: Tried marijuana for the first time before age 13 years
Q47. During the past 30 days, how many times did you use marijuana?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Current marijuana use

QN47: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F for Q47

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F for Q47
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently used marijuana (one or more times during the 30
days before the survey)
Variable label: Currently used marijuana
Q48. During your life, how many times have you used synthetic marijuana?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Ever synthetic marijuana use

QN48: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F for Q48

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F for Q48
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever used synthetic marijuana (one or more times during
their life)
Variable label: Ever used synthetic marijuana

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Q49. During your life, how many times have you taken prescription pain medicine without a doctor's prescription or
differently than how a doctor told you to use it?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Ever prescription pain medicine use

QN49: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F for Q49

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F for Q49
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever took prescription pain medicine without a doctor's
prescription or differently than how a doctor told them to use it (one or more times
during their life)
Variable label: Ever took prescription pain medicine without a doctor's prescription or differently than how a
doctor told them to use it
Q50. During your life, how many times have you used any form of cocaine, including powder, crack, or freebase?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Ever cocaine use

QN50: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F for Q50

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F for Q50
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever used cocaine (any form of cocaine, including powder,
crack, or freebase, one or more times during their life)
Variable label: Ever used cocaine
Q51. During your life, how many times have you sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled
any paints or sprays to get high?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Ever inhalant use

QN51: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F for Q51

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F for Q51
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever used inhalants (sniffed glue, breathed the contents of
aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high, one or more times during
their life)
Variable label: Ever used inhalants

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Q52. During your life, how many times have you used heroin (also called smack, junk, or China White)?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Ever heroin use

QN52: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F for Q52

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F for Q52
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever used heroin (also called "smack," "junk," or "China
White," one or more times during their life)
Variable label: Ever used heroin
Q53. During your life, how many times have you used methamphetamines (also called speed, crystal meth, crank,
ice, or meth)?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Ever methamphetamine use

QN53: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F for Q53

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F for Q53
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever used methamphetamines (also called "speed," "crystal
meth," "crank," "ice," or "meth," one or more times during their life)
Variable label: Ever used methamphetamines
Q54. During your life, how many times have you used ecstasy (also called MDMA)?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Ever ecstasy use

QN54: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F for Q54

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F for Q54
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever used ecstasy (also called "MDMA," one or more times
during their life)
Variable label: Ever used ecstasy

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Q55. During your life, how many times have you taken steroid pills or shots without a doctor's prescription?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Ever steroid use

QN55: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F for Q55

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F for Q55
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever took steroids without a doctor's prescription (pills or
shots, one or more times during their life)
Variable label: Ever took steroids without a doctor's prescription
Q56. During your life, how many times have you used a needle to inject any illegal drug into your body?
A. 0 times
B. 1 time
C. 2 or more times

Variable label: Illegal injected drug use

QN56: Numerator: Students who answered B or C for Q56

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, or C for Q56
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever injected any illegal drug (used a needle to inject any
illegal drug into their body, one or more times during their life)
Variable label: Ever injected any illegal drug
Q57. During the past 12 months, has anyone offered, sold, or given you an illegal drug on school property?
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Illegal drugs at school

QN57: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q57

Denominator: Students who answered A or B for Q57
Summary text: Percentage of students who were offered, sold, or given an illegal drug on school
property (during the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Were offered, sold, or given an illegal drug on school property
Q58. Have you ever had sexual intercourse?
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Ever sexual intercourse

QN58: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q58

Denominator: Students who answered A or B for Q58
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever had sexual intercourse
Variable label: Ever had sexual intercourse

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Q59. How old were you when you had sexual intercourse for the first time?
A. I have never had sexual intercourse
B. 11 years old or younger
C. 12 years old
D. 13 years old
E. 14 years old
F. 15 years old
G. 16 years old
H. 17 years old or older

Variable label: Sex before 13 years

Short response:
A. Never had sex
B. 11 years old or younger
C. 12 years old
D. 13 years old
E. 14 years old
F. 15 years old
G. 16 years old
H. 17 years old or older

QN59: Numerator: Students who answered B or C for Q59

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q59
Summary text: Percentage of students who had sexual intercourse for the first time before age 13 years
Variable label: Had sexual intercourse for the first time before age 13 years
Q60. During your life, with how many people have you had sexual intercourse?
A. I have never had sexual intercourse
B. 1 person
C. 2 people
D. 3 people
E. 4 people
F. 5 people
G. 6 or more people

Variable label: Multiple sex partners

Short response:
A. Never had sex
B. 1 person
C. 2 people
D. 3 people
E. 4 people
F. 5 people
G. 6 or more people

QN60: Numerator: Students who answered E, F, or G for Q60

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q60
Summary text: Percentage of students who had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during
their life
Variable label: Had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life

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Q61. During the past 3 months, with how many people did you have sexual intercourse?
A. I have never had sexual intercourse
B. I have had sexual intercourse, but not during the past 3 months
C. 1 person
D. 2 people
E. 3 people
F. 4 people
G. 5 people
H. 6 or more people

Variable label: Current sexual activity

Short response:
A. Never had sex
B. None during past 3 months
C. 1 person
D. 2 people
E. 3 people
F. 4 people
G. 5 people
H. 6 or more people

QN61: Numerator: Students who answered C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q61

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q61
Summary text: Percentage of students who were currently sexually active (had sexual intercourse with
at least one person, during the 3 months before the survey)
Variable label: Were currently sexually active
Dependence: Required by QN62, QN63, QN64, QNIUDIMP, QNOTHHPL, QNDUALBC, and
QNBCNONE
Q62. Did you drink alcohol or use drugs before you had sexual intercourse the last time?
A. I have never had sexual intercourse
B. Yes
C. No

Variable label: Alcohol/drugs and sex

Short response:
A. Never had sex
B. Yes
C. No

QN62*: Numerator: Students who answered B for Q62

Denominator: Students who answered C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q61 and answered B or C for Q62
Summary text: Percentage of students who drank alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse
(among students who were currently sexually active)
Variable label: Drank alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse
Dependence: Depends on Q61

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Q63. The last time you had sexual intercourse, did you or your partner use a condom?
A. I have never had sexual intercourse
B. Yes
C. No

Variable label: Condom use

Short response:
A. Never had sex
B. Yes
C. No

QN63*: Numerator: Students who answered B for Q63

Denominator: Students who answered C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q61 and answered B or C for Q63
Summary text: Percentage of students who used a condom during last sexual intercourse (among
students who were currently sexually active)
Variable label: Used a condom during last sexual intercourse
Dependence: Depends on Q61
Required by QNDUALBC
Q64. The last time you had sexual intercourse, what one method did you or your partner use to prevent pregnancy?
(Select only one response.)
A. I have never had sexual intercourse
B. No method was used to prevent pregnancy
C. Birth control pills
D. Condoms
E. An IUD (such as Mirena or ParaGard) or implant (such as Implanon or Nexplanon)
F. A shot (such as Depo-Provera), patch (such as Ortho Evra), or birth control ring (such as NuvaRing)
G. Withdrawal or some other method
H. Not sure

Variable label: Birth control pill use

Short response:
A. Never had sex
B. No method was used
C. Birth control pills
D. Condoms
E. IUD or implant
F. A shot, patch, or birth control ring
G. Withdrawal/some other method
H. Not sure

QN64*: Numerator: Students who answered C for Q64

Denominator: Students who answered C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q61 and answered B, C, D, E, F, G, or H
for Q64
Summary text: Percentage of students who used birth control pills before last sexual intercourse (to
prevent pregnancy, among students who were currently sexually active)
Variable label: Used birth control pills before last sexual intercourse
Dependence: Depends on Q61
Required by QNIUDIMP, QNOTHHPL, QNDUALBC, and QNBCNONE

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Q65. During your life, with whom have you had sexual contact?
A. I have never had sexual contact
B. Females
C. Males
D. Females and males

Variable label: Sex of sexual contacts

Short response:
A. Never had sexual contact
B. Females
C. Males
D. Females and males
Q66. Which of the following best describes you?
A. Heterosexual (straight)
B. Gay or lesbian
C. Bisexual
D. Not sure

Variable label: Sexual identity

Q67. How do you describe your weight?
A. Very underweight
B. Slightly underweight
C. About the right weight
D. Slightly overweight
E. Very overweight

Variable label: Perception of weight

QN67: Numerator: Students who answered D or E for Q67

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E for Q67
Summary text: Percentage of students who described themselves as slightly or very overweight
Variable label: Described themselves as slightly or very overweight
Q68. Which of the following are you trying to do about your weight?
A. Lose weight
B. Gain weight
C. Stay the same weight
D. I am not trying to do anything about my weight

Variable label: Weight loss

Short response:
A. Lose weight
B. Gain weight
C. Stay the same weight
D. Not trying to do anything

QN68: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q68

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, or D for Q68
Summary text: Percentage of students who were trying to lose weight
Variable label: Were trying to lose weight

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Q69. During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink 100% fruit juices such as orange juice, apple juice, or
grape juice? (Do not count punch, Kool-Aid, sports drinks, or other fruit-flavored drinks.)
A. I did not drink 100% fruit juice during the past 7 days
B. 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days
C. 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

Variable label: Fruit juice drinking

Short response:
A. Did not drink fruit juice
B. 1 to 3 times
C. 4 to 6 times
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

QN69: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q69

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q69
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not drink fruit juice (100% fruit juices one or more times
during the 7 days before the survey)
Variable label: Did not drink fruit juice
Dependence: Required by QNFR0, QNFR1, and QNFR2
Q70. During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat fruit? (Do not count fruit juice.)
A. I did not eat fruit during the past 7 days
B. 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days
C. 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

Variable label: Fruit eating

Short response:
A. Did not eat fruit
B. 1 to 3 times
C. 4 to 6 times
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

QN70: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q70

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q70
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not eat fruit (one or more times during the 7 days before
the survey)
Variable label: Did not eat fruit
Dependence: Required by QNFR0, QNFR1, and QNFR2

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Q71. During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat green salad?
A. I did not eat green salad during the past 7 days
B. 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days
C. 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

Variable label: Green salad eating

Short response:
A. Did not eat green salad
B. 1 to 3 times
C. 4 to 6 times
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

QN71: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q71

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q71
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not eat green salad (one or more times during the 7 days
before the survey)
Variable label: Did not eat salad
Dependence: Required by QNVEG0, QNVEG1, QNVEG2, and QNVEG3
Q72. During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat potatoes? (Do not count french fries, fried potatoes, or
potato chips.)
A. I did not eat potatoes during the past 7 days
B. 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days
C. 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

Variable label: Potato eating

Short response:
A. Did not eat potatoes
B. 1 to 3 times
C. 4 to 6 times
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

QN72: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q72

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q72
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not eat potatoes (one or more times during the 7 days
before the survey)
Variable label: Did not eat potatoes
Dependence: Required by QNVEG0, QNVEG1, QNVEG2, and QNVEG3

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Q73. During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat carrots?
A. I did not eat carrots during the past 7 days
B. 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days
C. 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

Variable label: Carrot eating

Short response:
A. Did not eat carrots
B. 1 to 3 times
C. 4 to 6 times
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

QN73: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q73

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q73
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not eat carrots (one or more times during the 7 days
before the survey)
Variable label: Did not eat carrots
Dependence: Required by QNVEG0, QNVEG1, QNVEG2, and QNVEG3
Q74. During the past 7 days, how many times did you eat other vegetables? (Do not count green salad, potatoes, or
carrots.)
A. I did not eat other vegetables during the past 7 days
B. 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days
C. 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

Variable label: Other vegetable eating

Short response:
A. Did not eat other vegetables
B. 1 to 3 times
C. 4 to 6 times
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

QN74: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q74

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q74
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not eat other vegetables (one or more times during the 7
days before the survey)
Variable label: Did not eat other vegetables
Dependence: Required by QNVEG0, QNVEG1, QNVEG2, and QNVEG3

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Q75. During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop, such as Coke,
Pepsi, or Sprite? (Do not count diet soda or diet pop.)
A. I did not drink soda or pop during the past 7 days
B. 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days
C. 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

Variable label: No soda drinking

Short response:
A. Did not drink soda or pop
B. 1 to 3 times
C. 4 to 6 times
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

QN75: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q75

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q75
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not drink a can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop (such as
Coke, Pepsi, or Sprite, not counting diet soda or diet pop, during the 7 days before the
survey)
Variable label: Did not drink a can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop
Dependence: Required by QNSODA1, and QNSODA2
Q76. During the past 7 days, how many glasses of milk did you drink? (Count the milk you drank in a glass or cup,
from a carton, or with cereal. Count the half pint of milk served at school as equal to one glass.)
A. I did not drink milk during the past 7 days
B. 1 to 3 glasses during the past 7 days
C. 4 to 6 glasses during the past 7 days
D. 1 glass per day
E. 2 glasses per day
F. 3 glasses per day
G. 4 or more glasses per day

Variable label: No milk drinking

Short response:
A. Did not drink milk
B. 1 to 3 glasses
C. 4 to 6 glasses
D. 1 glass per day
E. 2 glasses per day
F. 3 glasses per day
G. 4 or more glasses per day

QN76: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q76

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q76
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not drink milk (during the 7 days before the survey)
Variable label: Did not drink milk
Dependence: Required by QNMILK1 and QNMILK3

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Q77. During the past 7 days, on how many days did you eat breakfast?
A. 0 days
B. 1 day
C. 2 days
D. 3 days
E. 4 days
F. 5 days
G. 6 days
H. 7 days

Variable label: Breakfast eating

QN77: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q77

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q77
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not eat breakfast (during the 7 days before the survey)
Variable label: Did not eat breakfast
Dependence: Required by QNBK7DAY
Q78. During the past 7 days, on how many days were you physically active for a total of at least 60 minutes per day?
(Add up all the time you spent in any kind of physical activity that increased your heart rate and made you
breathe hard some of the time.)
A. 0 days
B. 1 day
C. 2 days
D. 3 days
E. 4 days
F. 5 days
G. 6 days
H. 7 days

Variable label: Physical activity >= 5 days

QN78: Numerator: Students who answered F, G, or H for Q78

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q78
Summary text: Percentage of students who were physically active at least 60 minutes per day on 5 or
more days (in any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made them
breathe hard some of the time during the 7 days before the survey)
Variable label: Were physically active at least 60 minutes per day on 5 or more days
Dependence: Required by QNPA0DAY and QNPA7DAY

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Q79. On an average school day, how many hours do you watch TV?
A. I do not watch TV on an average school day
B. Less than 1 hour per day
C. 1 hour per day
D. 2 hours per day
E. 3 hours per day
F. 4 hours per day
G. 5 or more hours per day

Variable label: Television watching

Short response:
A. No TV on average school day
B. Less than 1 hour per day
C. 1 hour per day
D. 2 hours per day
E. 3 hours per day
F. 4 hours per day
G. 5 or more hours per day

QN79: Numerator: Students who answered E, F, or G for Q79

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q79
Summary text: Percentage of students who watched television 3 or more hours per day (on an average
school day)
Variable label: Watched television 3 or more hours per day
Q80. On an average school day, how many hours do you play video or computer games or use a computer for
something that is not school work? (Count time spent playing games, watching videos, texting, or using social
media on your smartphone, computer, Xbox, PlayStation, iPad, or other tablet.)
A. I do not play video or computer games or use a computer for something that is not school work
B. Less than 1 hour per day
C. 1 hour per day
D. 2 hours per day
E. 3 hours per day
F. 4 hours per day
G. 5 or more hours per day

Variable label: Computer use

Short response:
A. No playing video/computer game
B. Less than 1 hour per day
C. 1 hour per day
D. 2 hours per day
E. 3 hours per day
F. 4 hours per day
G. 5 or more hours per day

QN80: Numerator: Students who answered E, F, or G for Q80

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q80
Summary text: Percentage of students who played video or computer games or used a computer 3 or
more hours per day (counting time spent on things such as playing games, watching
videos, texting, or using social media on your smartphone, computer, Xbox,
PlayStation, iPad, or other tablet, for something that was not school work, on an average
school day)
Variable label: Played video or computer games or used a computer 3 or more hours per day

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Q81. In an average week when you are in school, on how many days do you go to physical education (PE) classes?
A. 0 days
B. 1 day
C. 2 days
D. 3 days
E. 4 days
F. 5 days

Variable label: PE attendance

QN81: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F for Q81

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F for Q81
Summary text: Percentage of students who attended physical education (PE) classes on 1 or more days
(in an average week when they were in school)
Variable label: Attended physical education (PE) classes on 1 or more days
Dependence: Required by QNDLYPE
Q82. During the past 12 months, on how many sports teams did you play? (Count any teams run by your school or
community groups.)
A. 0 teams
B. 1 team
C. 2 teams
D. 3 or more teams

Variable label: Sports team participation

QN82: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, or D for Q82

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, or D for Q82
Summary text: Percentage of students who played on at least one sports team (counting any teams run
by their school or community groups, during the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Played on at least one sports team
Q83. During the past 12 months, how many times did you have a concussion from playing a sport or being
physically active?
A. 0 times
B. 1 time
C. 2 times
D. 3 times
E. 4 or more times

Variable label: Concussion

QN83: Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, or E for Q83

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E for Q83
Summary text: Percentage of students who had a concussion from playing a sport or being physically
active (one or more times during the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Had a concussion from playing a sport or being physically active
Q84. Have you ever been tested for HIV, the virus that causes AIDS? (Do not count tests done if you donated blood.)
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure

Variable label: HIV testing

QN84: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q84

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, or C for Q84
Summary text: Percentage of students who were ever tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
(not counting tests done if they donated blood)
Variable label: Were ever tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

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Q85. During the past 12 months, have you been tested for a sexually transmitted disease (STD) other than HIV, such
as chlamydia or gonorrhea?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure

Variable label: STD testing

QN85: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q85

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, or C for Q85
Summary text: Percentage of students who were tested for a sexually transmitted disease (STD) other
than HIV, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea (during the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Were ever tested for a sexually transmitted disease (STD)
Q86. When was the last time you saw a dentist for a check-up, exam, teeth cleaning, or other dental work?
A. During the past 12 months
B. Between 12 and 24 months ago
C. More than 24 months ago
D. Never
E. Not sure

Variable label: Oral health care

QN86: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q86

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E for Q86
Summary text: Percentage of students who saw a dentist (for a check-up, exam, teeth cleaning, or other
dental work, during the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Saw a dentist
Dependence: Required by QNNODNT
Q87. Has a doctor or nurse ever told you that you have asthma?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure

Variable label: Asthma

QN87: Numerator: Students who answered A for Q87

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, or C for Q87
Summary text: Percentage of students who had ever been told by a doctor or nurse that they had asthma
Variable label: Had ever been told by a doctor or nurse that they had asthma
Q88. On an average school night, how many hours of sleep do you get?
A. 4 or less hours
B. 5 hours
C. 6 hours
D. 7 hours
E. 8 hours
F. 9 hours
G. 10 or more hours

Variable label: Sleep

QN88: Numerator: Students who answered E, F, of G for Q88

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F or G for Q88
Summary text: Percentage of students who got 8 or more hours of sleep (on an average school night)
Variable label: Got 8 or more hours of sleep

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Q89. During the past 12 months, how would you describe your grades in school?
A. Mostly A's
B. Mostly B's
C. Mostly C's
D. Mostly D's
E. Mostly F's
F. None of these grades
G. Not sure

Variable label: Grades in school

QN89: Numerator: Students who answered A or B for Q89

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q89
Summary text: Percentage of students who described their grades in school as mostly A's or B's (during
the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Described their grades in school as mostly A's or B's

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Appendix D: 2019 Supplemental Variable Specifications

Appendix D Appendix D contains the specifications for 2019 supplemental dichotomous

variables. Supplemental variables are calculated based on data from one or
sometimes more than one question.

QNFRCIG:
Numerator: Students who answered F or G for Q32
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q32
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently smoked cigarettes frequently (on 20 or more days
during the 30 days before the survey)

Variable label: Currently smoked cigarettes frequently

Dependence: Depends on Q32
SAS code: if q32 in (‘6’,’7’) then QNFRCIG=1;
else if q32 in (‘1’,’2’,’3’,’4’,’5’) then QNFRCIG=2;
QNDAYCIG:
Numerator: Students who answered G for Q32
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q32
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently smoked cigarettes daily (on all 30 days during the
30 days before the survey)

Variable label: Currently smoked cigarettes daily

Dependence: Depends on Q32
SAS code: if q32=’7’ then QNDAYCIG =1;
else if q32 in (‘1’,’2’,’3’,’4’,’5’,’6’) then QNDAYCIG=2;
QNFREVP:
Numerator: Students who answered F or G for Q35
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q35
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently used electronic vapor products frequently (on 20 or
more days during the 30 days before the survey)

Variable label: Currently smoked electronic vapor products frequently

Dependence: Depends on Q35
SAS code: if q35 in (‘6’,’7’) then QNFREVP=1;
else if q35 in (‘1’,’2’,’3’,’4’,’5’) then QNFREVP=2;
QNDAYEVP:
Numerator: Students who answered G for Q35
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q35
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently used electronic vapor products daily (on all 30
days during the 30 days before the survey)

Variable label: Currently used electronic vapor products daily

Dependence: Depends on Q35
SAS code: if q35=’7’ then QNDAYEVP =1;
else if q35 in (‘1’,’2’,’3’,’4’,’5’,’6’) then QNDAYEVP=2;

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QNFRCGR:
Numerator: Students who answered F or G for Q38
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q38
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently smoked cigars frequently (cigars, cigarillos, or
little cigars on 20 or more days during the 30 days before the survey)

Variable label: Currently smoked cigars frequently

Dependence: Depends on Q38
SAS code: if q38 in (‘6’,’7’) then QNFRCGR=1;
else if q38 in (‘1’,’2’,’3’,’4’,’5’) then QNFRCGR=2;
QNDAYCGR:
Numerator: Students who answered G for Q38
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q38
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently smoked cigars daily (cigars, cigarillos, or little
cigars on all 30 days during the 30 days before the survey)

Variable label: Currently smoked cigars daily

Dependence: Depends on Q38
SAS code: if q38=’7’ then QNDAYCGR =1;
else if q38 in (‘1’,’2’,’3’,’4’,’5’,’6’) then QNDAYCGR=2;
QNTB2:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q32 or Q38
Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q32 or Q38 or answered A for Q32 and
Q38
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently smoked cigarettes or cigars (on at least 1 day
during the 30 days before the survey)

Variable label: Currently smoked cigarettes or cigars

Dependence: Depends on Q32 and Q38
SAS code: if q32 in ('2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7') or q38 in ('2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7') then QNTB2=1;
else if q32='1' and q38='1' then QNTB2=2;
QNTB3:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q32, Q37, or Q38
Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q32, Q37, or Q38 or answered A for
Q32, Q37, and Q38
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently smoked cigarettes or cigars or used smokeless
tobacco (on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey)

Variable label: Currently smoked cigarettes or cigars or used smokeless tobacco

Dependence: Depends on Q32, Q37, and Q38
SAS code: if q32 in ('2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7') or q37 in ('2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7')
or q38 in ('2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7') then QNTB3=1;
else if q32='1' and q37='1' and q38='1' then QNTB3=2;
QNTB4:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q32, Q35, Q37, or Q38
Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q32, Q35, Q37, or Q38 or answered A
for Q32, Q35, Q37, and Q38
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently smoked cigarettes or cigars or used smokeless
tobacco or electronic vapor products (on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the
survey)

Variable label: Currently smoked cigarettes or cigars or used smokeless tobacco or electronic vapor
products
Dependence: Depends on Q32, Q35, Q37, and Q38
SAS code: if q32 in ('2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7') or q35 in ('2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7')
or q37 in ('2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7') or q38 in ('2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7') then QNTB4=1;
else if q32='1' and q35='1' and q37='1' and q38='1' then QNTB4=2;

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QNTB5:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q32 or Q35
Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q32 or Q35 or answered A for Q32 and
Q35
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently smoked cigarettes or used electronic vapor
products (on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey)

Variable label: Currently smoked cigarettes or used electronic vapor products

Dependence: Depends on Q32 and Q35
SAS code: if q32 in ('2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7') or q35 in ('2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7') then QNTB5=1;
else if q32='1' and q35='1' then QNTB5=2;
QNIUDIMP:
Numerator: Students who answered E for Q64
Denominator: Students who answered C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q61 and answered B, C, D, E, F, G, or H
for Q64
Summary text: Percentage of students who used an IUD (such as Mirena or ParaGard) or implant (such
as Implanon or Nexplanon) before last sexual intercourse (to prevent pregnancy, among
students who were currently sexually active)

Variable label: Used an IUD (such as Mirena or ParaGard) or implant (such as Implanon or Nexplanon)
before last sexual intercourse
Dependence: Depends on Q61 and Q64
SAS code: if q61 in (‘3’,’4’,’5’,’6’,’7’,’8’) then do;
if q64=’5’ then QNIUDIMP = 1;
else if q64 in (‘2’,’3’,’4’,’6’,’7’,’8’) then QNIUDIMP = 2;
end;
QNOTHHPL:
Numerator: Students who answered C, E, or F for Q64
Denominator: Students who answered C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q61 and answered B, C, D, E, F, G, or H
for Q64
Summary text: Percentage of students who used birth control pills; an IUD (such as Mirena or
ParaGard) or implant (such as Implanon or Nexplanon); or a shot (such as Depo-
Provera), patch (such as OrthoEvra), or birth control ring (such as NuvaRing) before last
sexual intercourse (to prevent pregnancy, among students who were currently sexually
active)

Variable label: Used birth control pills; an IUD (such as Mirena or ParaGard) or implant (such as
Implanon or Nexplanon); or a shot (such as Depo-Provera), patch (such as OrthoEvra),
or birth control ring (such as NuvaRing) before last sexual intercourse
Dependence: Depends on Q61 and Q64
SAS code: if q61 in ('3','4','5','6','7','8') then do;
if q64 in ('3','5','6') then QNOTHHPL=1;
else if q64 in ('2','4','7','8') then QNOTHHPL=2;
end;

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QNDUALBC:
Numerator: Students who answered B for Q63 and C, E, or F for Q64
Denominator: Students who answered C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q61 and answered B or C for 63 and
answered B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q64
Summary text: Percentage of students who used both a condom during last sexual intercourse and birth
control pills; an IUD (such as Mirena or ParaGard) or implant (such as Implanon or
Nexplanon); or a shot (such as Depo-Provera), patch (such as OrthoEvra), or birth
control ring (such as NuvaRing) before last sexual intercourse (to prevent pregnancy,
among students who were currently sexually active)

Variable label: Used both a condom during last sexual intercourse and birth control pills; an IUD (such
as Mirena or ParaGard) or implant (such as Implanon or Nexplanon); or a shot (such as
Depo-Provera), patch (such as OrthoEvra), or birth control ring (such as NuvaRing)
before last sexual intercourse
Dependence: Depends on Q61, Q63, and Q64
SAS code: if q61 in ('3','4','5','6','7','8') then do;
if q63='2' and q64 in ('3','5','6') then QNDUALBC=1;
else if q63 in ('3') or q64 in ('2','4','7','8') then QNDUALBC=2;
if q63 in(' ') or Q64 in (' ') then QNDUALBC=.;
end;
QNBCNONE:
Numerator: Students who answered B for Q64
Denominator: Students who answered C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q61 and answered B, C, D, E, F, G, or H
for Q64
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not use any method to prevent pregnancy during last
sexual intercourse (among students who were currently sexually active)

Variable label: Did not use any method to prevent pregnancy during last sexual intercourse
Dependence: Depends on Q61 and Q64
SAS code: if q61 in (‘3’,’4’,’5’,’6’,’7’,’8’) then do;
if q64=’2’ then QNBCNONE=1;
else if q64 in (’3’,’4’,’5’,’6’,’7’,’8’) then QNBCNONE=2;
end;
QNOBESE:
Summary text: Percentage of students who had obesity (students who were >= 95th percentile for body
mass index, based on sex- and age-specific reference data from the 2000 CDC growth
charts)

Variable label: Had obesity

Dependence: Depends on Q1, Q2, Q6, and Q7
QNOWT:
Summary text: Percentage of students who were overweight (students who were >= 85th percentile but
<95th percentile for body mass index, based on sex- and age-specific reference data
from the 2000 CDC growth charts)

Variable label: Were overweight

Dependence: Depends on Q1, Q2, Q6, and Q7

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QNFR0:
Numerator: Calculated
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q69 and Q70
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not eat fruit or drink 100% fruit juices (such as orange
juice, apple juice, or grape juice, during the 7 days before the survey)

Variable label: Did not eat fruit or drink 100% fruit juices
Dependence: Depends on Q69 and Q70
SAS code: TOTALf=0;
array fruitq0a (*) q69 q70;
array summ0a (*) q69n q70n;
do i = 1 to dim(fruitq0a);
if fruitq0a{i} = '1' then summ0a{i} = 0;
else if fruitq0a{i} = '2' then summ0a{i} = 2/7;
else if fruitq0a{i} = '3' then summ0a{i} = 5/7;
else if fruitq0a{i} = '4' then summ0a{i} = 1;
else if fruitq0a{i} = '5' then summ0a{i} = 2;
else if fruitq0a{i} = '6' then summ0a{i} = 3;
else if fruitq0a{i} = '7' then summ0a{i} = 4;
else summ0a{i}=.;
TOTALf=TOTALf+summ0a{i};
end;
if TOTALf = 0 then QNFR0=1;
else if TOTALf > 0 then QNFR0=2;
QNFR1:
Numerator: Calculated
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q69 and Q70
Summary text: Percentage of students who ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices one or more times per
day (such as orange juice, apple juice, or grape juice, during the 7 days before the
survey)

Variable label: Ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices one or more times per day
Dependence: Depends on Q69 and Q70
SAS code: TOTALf=0;
array fruitq1a (*) q69 q70;
array summ1a (*) q69n q70n;
do i = 1 to dim(fruitq1a);
if fruitq1a{i} = '1' then summ1a{i} = 0;
else if fruitq1a{i} = '2' then summ1a{i} = 2/7;
else if fruitq1a{i} = '3' then summ1a{i} = 5/7;
else if fruitq1a{i} = '4' then summ1a{i} = 1;
else if fruitq1a{i} = '5' then summ1a{i} = 2;
else if fruitq1a{i} = '6' then summ1a{i} = 3;
else if fruitq1a{i} = '7' then summ1a{i} = 4;
else summ1a{i}=.;
TOTALf=TOTALf+summ1a{i};
end;
if TOTALf GE 1 then QNFR1=1;
else if 0 LE TOTALf LT 1 then QNFR1=2;

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QNFR2:
Numerator: Calculated
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q69 and Q70
Summary text: Percentage of students who ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices two or more times per
day (such as orange juice, apple juice, or grape juice, during the 7 days before the
survey)

Variable label: Ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices two or more times per day
Dependence: Depends on Q69 and Q70
SAS code: TOTALf=0;
array fruitq2a (*) q69 q70;
array summ2a (*) q69n q70n;
do i = 1 to dim(fruitq2a);
if fruitq2a{i} = '1' then summ2a{i} = 0;
else if fruitq2a{i} = '2' then summ2a{i} = 2/7;
else if fruitq2a{i} = '3' then summ2a{i} = 5/7;
else if fruitq2a{i} = '4' then summ2a{i} = 1;
else if fruitq2a{i} = '5' then summ2a{i} = 2;
else if fruitq2a{i} = '6' then summ2a{i} = 3;
else if fruitq2a{i} = '7' then summ2a{i} = 4;
else summ2a{i}=.;
TOTALf=TOTALf+summ2a{i};
end;
if TOTALf GE 2 then QNFR2=1;
else if 0 LE TOTALf LT 2 then QNFR2=2;
QNVEG0:
Numerator: Calculated
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q71, Q72, Q73, and Q74
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not eat vegetables (green salad, potatoes [excluding
french fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips], carrots, or other vegetables, during the 7
days before the survey)

Variable label: Did not eat vegetables

Dependence: Depends on Q71, Q72, Q73, and Q74
SAS code: TOTALv=0;
array vegq0a (*) q71 q72 q73 q74;
array summ0a (*) q71n q72n q73n q74n;
do i = 1 to dim(vegq0a);
if vegq0a{i} = '1' then summ0a{i} = 0;
else if vegq0a{i} = '2' then summ0a{i} = 2/7;
else if vegq0a{i} = '3' then summ0a{i} = 5/7;
else if vegq0a{i} = '4' then summ0a{i} = 1;
else if vegq0a{i} = '5' then summ0a{i} = 2;
else if vegq0a{i} = '6' then summ0a{i} = 3;
else if vegq0a{i} = '7' then summ0a{i} = 4;
else summ0a{i}=.;
TOTALv=TOTALv+summ0a{i};
end;
if TOTALv = 0 then QNVEG0=1;
else if TOTALv > 0 then QNVEG0=2;

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QNVEG1:
Numerator: Calculated
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q71, Q72, Q73, and Q74
Summary text: Percentage of students who ate vegetables one or more times per day (green salad,
potatoes [excluding french fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips], carrots, or other
vegetables, during the 7 days before the survey)

Variable label: Ate vegetables one or more times per day

Dependence: Depends on Q71, Q72, Q73, and Q74
SAS code: TOTALv=0;
array vegq1a (*) q71 q72 q73 q74;
array summv1a (*) q71n q72n q73n q74n;
do i = 1 to dim(vegq1a);
if vegq1a{i} = '1' then summv1a{i} = 0;
else if vegq1a{i} = '2' then summv1a{i} = 2/7;
else if vegq1a{i} = '3' then summv1a{i} = 5/7;
else if vegq1a{i} = '4' then summv1a{i} = 1;
else if vegq1a{i} = '5' then summv1a{i} = 2;
else if vegq1a{i} = '6' then summv1a{i} = 3;
else if vegq1a{i} = '7' then summv1a{i} = 4;
else summv1a{i} = .;
TOTALv=TOTALv+summv1a{i};
end;
if TOTALv ge 1 then QNVEG1=1;
else if 0 le TOTALv lt 1 then QNVEG1=2;
QNVEG2:
Numerator: Calculated
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q71, Q72, Q73, and Q74
Summary text: Percentage of students who ate vegetables two or more times per day (green salad,
potatoes [excluding french fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips], carrots, or other
vegetables, during the 7 days before the survey)

Variable label: Ate vegetables two or more times per day

Dependence: Depends on Q71, Q72, Q73, and Q74
SAS code: TOTALv=0;
array vegq2a (*) q71 q72 q73 q74;
array summv2a (*) q71n q72n q73n q74n;
do i = 1 to dim(vegq2a);
if vegq2a{i} = '1' then summv2a{i} = 0;
else if vegq2a{i} = '2' then summv2a{i} = 2/7;
else if vegq2a{i} = '3' then summv2a{i} = 5/7;
else if vegq2a{i} = '4' then summv2a{i} = 1;
else if vegq2a{i} = '5' then summv2a{i} = 2;
else if vegq2a{i} = '6' then summv2a{i} = 3;
else if vegq2a{i} = '7' then summv2a{i} = 4;
else summv2a{i} = .;
TOTALv=TOTALv+summv2a{i};
end;
if TOTALv ge 2 then QNVEG2=1;
else if 0 le TOTALv lt 2 then QNVEG2=2;

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QNVEG3:
Numerator: Calculated
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q71, Q72, Q73, and Q74
Summary text: Percentage of students who ate vegetables three or more times per day (green salad,
potatoes [excluding french fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips], carrots, or other
vegetables, during the 7 days before the survey)

Variable label: Ate vegetables three or more times per day

Dependence: Depends on Q71, Q72, Q73, and Q74
SAS code: TOTALv=0;
array vegq3a (*) q71 q72 q73 q74;
array summv3a (*) q71n q72n q73n q74n;
do i = 1 to dim(vegq3a);
if vegq3a{i} = '1' then summv3a{i} = 0;
else if vegq3a{i} = '2' then summv3a{i} = 2/7;
else if vegq3a{i} = '3' then summv3a{i} = 5/7;
else if vegq3a{i} = '4' then summv3a{i} = 1;
else if vegq3a{i} = '5' then summv3a{i} = 2;
else if vegq3a{i} = '6' then summv3a{i} = 3;
else if vegq3a{i} = '7' then summv3a{i} = 4;
else summv3a{i} = .;
TOTALv=TOTALv+summv3a{i};
end;
if TOTALv ge 3 then QNVEG3=1;
else if 0 le TOTALv lt 3 then QNVEG3=2;
QNSODA1:
Numerator: Students who answered D, E, F, or G for Q75
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q75
Summary text: Percentage of students who drank a can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop one or more times
per day (such as Coke, Pepsi, or Sprite, not counting diet soda or diet pop, during the 7
days before the survey)

Variable label: Drank a can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop one or more times per day
Dependence: Depends on Q75
SAS code: if q75 in ('4','5','6','7') then QNSODA1=1;
else if q75 in ('1','2','3') then QNSODA1=2;
QNSODA2:
Numerator: Students who answered E, F, or G for Q75
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q75
Summary text: Percentage of students who drank a can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop two or more
times per day (such as Coke, Pepsi, or Sprite, not counting diet soda or diet pop, during
the 7 days before the survey)

Variable label: Drank a can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop two or more times per day
Dependence: Depends on Q75
SAS code: if q75 in ('5','6','7') then QNSODA2=1;
else if q75 in ('1','2','3','4') then QNSODA2=2;
QNMILK1:
Numerator: Students who answered D, E, F, or G for Q76
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q76
Summary text: Percentage of students who drank one or more glasses per day of milk (counting the milk
they drank in a glass or cup, from a carton, or with cereal and counting the half pint of
milk served at school as equal to one glass, during the 7 days before the survey)

Variable label: Drank one or more glasses per day of milk

Dependence: Depends on Q76
SAS code: if q76 in ('4','5','6','7') then QNMILK1=1;
else if q76 in ('1','2','3') then QNMILK1=2;

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QNMILK3:
Numerator: Students who answered F or G for Q76
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q76
Summary text: Percentage of students who drank three or more glasses per day of milk (counting the
milk they drank in a glass or cup, from a carton, or with cereal and counting the half pint
of milk served at school as equal to one glass, during the 7 days before the survey)

Variable label: Drank three or more glasses per day of milk

Dependence: Depends on Q76
SAS code: if q76 in ('6','7') then QNMILK3=1;
else if q76 in ('1','2','3','4',’5’) then QNMILK3=2;
QNBK7DAY:
Numerator: Students who answered H for Q77
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, G or H for Q77
Summary text: Percentage of students who ate breakfast on all 7 days (during the 7 days before the
survey)

Variable label: Ate breakfast on all 7 days

Dependence: Depends on Q77
SAS code: if q77 in ('8') then QNBK7DAY=1;
else if q77 in ('1','2','3','4','5','6','7') then QNBK7DAY=2;
QNPA0DAY:
Numerator: Students who answered A for Q78
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q78
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not participate in at least 60 minutes of physical activity
on at least 1 day (in any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made
them breathe hard some of the time during the 7 days before the survey)

Variable label: Did not participate in at least 60 minutes of physical activity on at least 1 day
Dependence: Depends on Q78
SAS code: if q78=’1’ then QNPA0DAY=1;
else if q78 in (‘2’,’3’,’4’,’5’,’6’,’7’,’8’) then QNPA0DAY=2;
QNPA7DAY:
Numerator: Students who answered H for Q78
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H for Q78
Summary text: Percentage of students who were physically active at least 60 minutes per day on all 7
days (in any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made them
breathe hard some of the time during the 7 days before the survey)

Variable label: Were physically active at least 60 minutes per day on all 7 days
Dependence: Depends on Q78
SAS code: if q78=’8’ then QNPA7DAY=1;
else if q78 in (‘1’,‘2’,’3’,’4’,’5’,’6’,’7’) then QNPA7DAY=2;
QNDLYPE:
Numerator: Students who answered F for Q81
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F for Q81
Summary text: Percentage of students who attended physical education (PE) classes on all 5 days (in an
average week when they were in school)

Variable label: Attended physical education (PE) classes on all 5 days

Dependence: Depends on Q81
SAS code: if Q81=’6’ then QNDLYPE=1;
else if Q81 in (‘1’,’2’,’3’,’4’,’5’) then QNDLYPE=2;

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QNNODNT:
Numerator: Students who answered D for Q86
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E for Q86
Summary text: Percentage of students who never saw a dentist (for a check-up, exam, teeth cleaning, or
other dental work)
Variable label: Never saw a dentist
Dependence: Depends on Q86
SAS code: if Q86=’4’ then QNNODNT=1;
else if Q86 in (‘1’,’2’,’3’,’5’) then QNNODNT =2;

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Appendix E: Selected Additional Risk Behavior Variable

Specifications

Appendix E Appendix E contains the specifications for selected additional risk behavior
variables in original and dichotomized formats. These variables come from
questions that are not on the standard 2019 YRBS questionnaire but they are
considered to be of broad interest and so are included in the Combined
Datasets.

qbikehelmet:
When you rode a bicycle during the past 12 months, how often did you wear a helmet?
A. I did not ride a bicycle during the past 12 months
B. Never wore a helmet
C. Rarely wore a helmet
D. Sometimes wore a helmet
E. Most of the time wore a helmet
F. Always wore a helmet

Variable label: Bicycle helmet use

Short response:
A. Did not ride a bicycle
B. Never wore a helmet
C. Rarely wore a helmet
D. Sometimes wore a helmet
E. Most of the time wore a helmet
F. Always wore a helmet

qnbikehelmet:
Numerator: Students who answered B or C
Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F
Summary text: Percentage of students who rarely or never wore a bicycle helmet (during the past 12 months
before the survey, among those who had ridden a bicycle)
Variable label: Rarely or never wore a bicycle helmet

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qdrivemarijuana:
During the past 30 days, how many times did you drive a car or other vehicle when you had been
using marijuana (also called grass, pot, or weed)?
A. I did not drive a car or other vehicle during the past 30 days
B. 0 times
C. 1 time
D. 2 or 3 times
E. 4 or 5 times
F. 6 or more times

Variable label: Drive when using marijuana

Short response:
A. Did not drive
B. 0 times
C. 1 time
D. 2 or 3 times
E. 4 or 5 times
F. 6 or more times

qndrivemarijuana:
Numerator: Students who answered C, D, E, or F
Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F
Summary text: Percentage of students who drove a car or other vehicle when they had been using
marijuana (one or more times during the 30 days before the survey, among students
who had driven a car or other vehicle during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Drove a car or other vehicle when they had been using marijuana

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qcelldriving:
During the past 30 days, on how many days did you talk on a cell phone while driving a car or other
vehicle?
A. I did not drive a car or other vehicle during the past 30 days
B. 0 days
C. 1 or 2 days
D. 3 to 5 days
E. 6 to 9 days
F. 10 to 19 days
G. 20 to 29 days
H. All 30 days

Variable label: Cell phone use while driving

Short response:
A. Did not drive
B. 0 days
C. 1 or 2 days
D. 3 to 5 days
E. 6 to 9 days
F. 10 to 19 days
G. 20 to 29 days
H. All 30 days

qncelldriving:
Numerator: Students who answered C, D, E, F, G, or H
Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, G, or H
Summary text: Percentage of students who talked on a cell phone while driving (on at least 1 day
during the 30 days before the survey, among students who drove a car or other
vehicle)
Variable label: Talked on cell phone while driving
qpropertydamage:
During the past 12 months, how many times has someone stolen or deliberately damaged your
property such as your car, clothing, or books on school property?
A. 0 times
B. 1 time
C. 2 or 3 times
D. 4 or 5 times
E. 6 or 7 times
F. 8 or 9 times
G. 10 or 11 times
H. 12 or more times

Variable label: Property stolen at school >= 1 time

qnpropertydamage:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, G, or H
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H
Summary text: Percentage of students who reported that their property had been stolen or
deliberately damaged on school property one or more times (such as their car,
clothing, or books, during the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Reported that their property had been stolen or deliberately damaged on school
property one or more times

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qbullyweight:
During the past 12 months, have you ever been the victim of teasing or name calling because of your
weight, size, or physical appearance?
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Victim of teasing b/c of physical appearance

qnbullyweight:
Numerator: Students who answered A
Denominator: Students who answered A or B
Summary text: Percentage of students who have been the victim of teasing or name calling because
of their weight, size, or physical appearance (during the 12 months before the
survey)
Variable label: Have been the victim of teasing or name calling because of their weight, size, or
physical appearance
qbullygender:
During the past 12 months, have you ever been the victim of teasing or name calling because of your
gender?
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Victim of gender teasing

qnbullygender:
Numerator: Students who answered A
Denominator: Students who answered A or B
Summary text: Percentage of students who have been the victim of teasing or name calling because
of their gender (during the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Have been the victim of teasing or name calling because of their gender
qbullygay:
During the past 12 months, have you ever been the victim of teasing or name calling because
someone thought you were gay, lesbian, or bisexual?
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Ever been teased b/c labeled GLB

qnbullygay:
Numerator: Students who answered A
Denominator: Students who answered A or B
Summary text: Percentage of students who have been the victim of teasing or name calling because
someone thought they were gay, lesbian, or bisexual (during the 12 months before
the survey)
Variable label: Have been the victim of teasing or name calling because someone thought they
were gay, lesbian, or bisexual

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qchokeself:
Have you ever been choked by someone or tried to choke yourself on purpose, such as with a belt,
towel, or rope, for the feeling or experience it caused? (This is also called the Choking Game, Knock
Out, Space Monkey, Flatlining, or the Fainting Game.)
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Ever been choked/choked self on purpose

qnchokeself:
Numerator: Students who answered A
Denominator: Students who answered A or B
Summary text: Percentage of students who have ever been choked by someone or tried to choke
themselves on purpose (such as with a belt, towel, or rope, for the feeling or
experience it caused, also called the Choking Game, Knock Out, Space Monkey,
Flatlining, or the Fainting Game)
Variable label: Have ever been choked by someone or tried to choke themselves on purpose
qcigschool:
During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke cigarettes on school property?
A. 0 days
B. 1 or 2 days
C. 3 to 5 days
D. 6 to 9 days
E. 10 to 19 days
F. 20 to 29 days
G. All 30 days

Variable label: Currently smoke at school >=1 days

qncigschool:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who smoked cigarettes on school property (on at least 1 day
during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Smoked cigarettes on school property
qchewtobschool:
During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on school
property?
A. 0 days
B. 1 or 2 days
C. 3 to 5 days
D. 6 to 9 days
E. 10 to 19 days
F. 20 to 29 days
G. All 30 days

Variable label: Current snuff @ school

qnchewtobschool:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip (on school property
on one or more of the past 30 days)
Variable label: Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on school property

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qalcoholschool:
During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have at least one drink of alcohol on school
property?
A. 0 days
B. 1 or 2 days
C. 3 to 5 days
D. 6 to 9 days
E. 10 to 19 days
F. 20 to 29 days
G. All 30 days

Variable label: Current drink at school

qnalcoholschool:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently had at least one drink of alcohol on school
property (on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: currently had at least one drink of alcohol on school property
qtypealcohol2:
During the past 30 days, what type of alcohol did you drink most often? (Select only one response.)
A. I did not drink alcohol during the past 30 days
B. Beer
C. Wine
D. Vodka
E. Some other liquor, such as rum, scotch, bourbon, whiskey, or tequila
F. Flavored alcoholic beverages, such as Smirnoff Ice, Bacardi Silver, Mike's Hard Lemonade,
Four Loko, Blast, or Hard Apple Cider
G. Some other type of alcohol

Variable label: Type of alcohol drink most often

Short response:
A. Did not drink in past 30 days
B. Beer
C. Wine
D. Vodka
E. Some other liquor
F. Flavored alcoholic beverages
G. Some other type of alcohol

qntypealcohol2:
Numerator: Students who answered D or E
Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, G, or H
Summary text: Percentage of students who reported liquor as the type of alcohol they drank most
often (such as vodka, rum, scotch, bourbon, whiskey, or tequila during the 30 days
before the survey, among students who drank alcohol)
Variable label: Reported liquor as the type of alcohol they drank most often

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qhowmarijuana:
During the past 30 days, how did you usually use marijuana?
A. I did not use marijuana during the past 30 days
B. I smoked it in a joint, bong, pipe, or blunt
C. I ate it in food such as brownies, cakes, cookies, or candy
D. I drank it in tea, cola, alcohol, or other drinks
E. I vaporized it
F. I used it some other way

Variable label: Usual use of marijuana

Short response:
A. Did not use marijuana
B. Smoked it
C. Ate in food
D. Drank in tea or other drink
E. Vaporized
F. Some other way

qnhowmarijuana;
Numerator: Students who answered B
Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F
Summary text: Percentage of students who usually used marijuana by smoking it in a joint, bong,
pipe, or blunt (during the 30 days before the survey, among students who used
marijuana)
Variable label: Usually used marijuana by smoking it in a joint, bong, pipe, or blunt
qmarijuanaschool:
During the past 30 days, how many times did you use marijuana on school property?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Marijuana use at school

qnmarijuanaschool:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F
Summary text: Percentage of students who used marijuana on school property (one or more times
during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Used marijuana on school property

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qcurrentopioid:
During the past 30 days, how many times have you taken prescription pain medicine without a
doctor's prescription or differently than how a doctor told you to use it?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Times take pain medicine w/o prescription 30d

qncurrentopioid:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently took prescription pain medicine without a
doctor's prescription or differently than how a doctor told them to use it (one or
more times during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Currently took prescription pain medicine without a doctor's prescription or
differently than how a doctor told them to use it
qcurrentcocaine:
During the past 30 days, how many times did you use any form of cocaine, including powder, crack,
or freebase?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Current cocaine use

qncurrentcocaine:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently used any form of cocaine (including powder,
crack, or freebase, one or more times during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Currently used any form of cocaine

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qcurrentheroin:
During the past 30 days, how many times did you use heroin (also called smack, junk, or China
White)?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Current heroin use

qncurrentheroin;
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently used heroin (also called "smack," "junk," or
"China White," one or more times during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Currently used heroin
qcurrentmeth:
During the past 30 days, how many times did you use methamphetamines (also called speed, crystal,
crank, or ice)?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Current meth use

qncurrentmeth:

Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F

Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently used methamphetamines (also called “speed,”
“crystal,” “crank,” or “ice,” one or more times during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Currently used methamphetamines

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qhallucdrug:
During your life, how many times have you used hallucinogenic drugs, such as LSD, acid, PCP, angel
dust, mescaline, or mushrooms?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Ever used hallucinogenic drugs

qnhallucdrug:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever used hallucinogenic drugs (such as LSD, acid,
PCP, angel dust, mescaline, or mushrooms, one or more times during their life)
Variable label: Ever used hallucinogenic drugs
qprescription30d:
During the past 30 days, how many times did you take a prescription drug (such as OxyContin,
Percocet, Vicodin, codeine, Adderall, Ritalin, or Xanax) without a doctor's prescription?
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Times take drug w/o prescription 30d

qnprescription30d:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F
Summary text: Percentage of students who currently took a prescription drug without a doctor's
prescription (such as OxyContin, Percocet, Vicodin, codeine, Adderall, Ritalin, or
Xanax, one or more times during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Currently took a prescription drug without a doctor's prescription

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QNILLICT:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q50, Q51, Q52, Q53, Q54, or
qhallucdrug
Denominator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, F, or G for Q50, Q51, Q52, Q53, Q54, or
qjallucdrug and A for Q50, Q51, Q52, Q53, Q54, and qhalluncdrug
Summary text: Percentage of students who ever used select illicit drugs (counting cocaine,
inhalants, heroin, methamphetamines, ecstasy, or hallucinogens, one or more
times during their life)

Variable label: Ever used select illicit drugs

Dependence: Depends on Q50, Q51, Q52, Q53, Q54, and qhallucdrug
SAS code: if q50 in ('2','3','4','5','6') or q51 in ('2','3','4','5','6') or q52 in ('2','3','4','5','6') or
q53 in ('2','3','4','5','6') or q54 in ('2','3','4','5','6') or qhallucdrug in
('2','3','4','5','6')
then QNILLICT=1;
else if q50 in ('1') and q51 in ('1') and q52 in ('1') and
q53 in ('1') and q54 in ('1') and qhallucdrug in ('1')
then QNILLICT=2;
qgenderexp:
A person's appearance, style, dress, or the way they walk or talk may affect how people describe
them. How do you think other people at school would describe you?
A. Very feminine
B. Mostly feminine
C. Somewhat feminine
D. Equally feminine and masculine
E. Somewhat masculine
F. Mostly masculine
G. Very masculine

Variable label: Others description of your masc/fem

qngenderexp:
Numerator: Students who answered D
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who think other people at school would describe them as
equally feminine and masculine
Variable label: think other people at school would describe them as equally feminine and
masculine
qtaughtHIV:
Have you ever been taught about AIDS or HIV infection in school?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure

Variable label: Ever taught about AIDS/HIV at school

qntaughtHIV:
Numerator: Students who answered A
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, or C
Summary text: Percentage of students who have been taught about AIDS or HIV infection in
school
Variable label: Have been taught about AIDS or HIV infection in school

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qtaughtsexed:
Have you ever had sex education in school?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure

Variable label: Ever had sex education in school

qntaughtsexed:
Numerator: Students who answered A
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, or C
Summary text: Percentage of students who have had sex education in school
Variable label: Have had sex education in school
qtaughtstd:
Have you ever been taught in school about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure

Variable label: Ever been taught in school about STDs

qntaughtstd:
Numerator: Students who answered A
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, or C
Summary text: Percentage of students who have been taught in school about sexually transmitted
diseases (STDs)
Variable label: Have been taught in school about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
qtaughtcondom:
Have you ever been taught in school about how to use a condom to prevent pregnancy or sexually
transmitted diseases (STDs), including HIV?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure

Variable label: Ever been taught in school about how to use condom

qntaughtcondom:
Numerator: Students who answered A
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, or C
Summary text: Percentage of students who have ever been taught in school about how to use a
condom to prevent pregnancy or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) (including
HIV)
Variable label: Have ever been taught in school about how to use a condom to prevent pregnancy
or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)

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qtaughtbc:
Have you ever been taught in school about birth control methods?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure

Variable label: Ever been taught about BC methods in sch

qntaughtbc:
Numerator: Students who answered A
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, or C
Summary text: Percentage of students who have been taught in school about birth control methods
Variable label: Have been taught in school about birth control methods
qdietpop:
During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of diet soda or pop, such
as Diet Coke, Diet Pepsi, or Sprite Zero?
A. I did not drink diet soda or pop during the past 7 days
B. 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days
C. 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

Variable label: Diet soda drinking >=1 time/day

Short response:
A. Did not drink diet soda or pop
B. 1 to 3 times
C. 4 to 6 times
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

qndietpop:
Numerator: Students who answered D, E, F, or G
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students drank a can, bottle, or glass of diet soda or pop (such as Diet
Coke, Diet Pepsi, or Sprite Zero one or more times per day, during the 7 days
before the survey)
Variable label: Drank a can, bottle, or glass of diet soda or pop

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qcoffeetea:
During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a cup, can, or bottle of coffee, coffee drinks, or
any kind of tea?
A. I did not drink coffee, coffee drinks, or tea during the past 7 days
B. 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days
C. 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

Variable label: Coffee/tea drinking >=1 time/day

Short response:
A. Did not drink coffee or tea
B. 1 to 3 times
C. 4 to 6 times
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

qncoffeetea:
Numerator: Students who answered D, E, F, or G
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who drank a cup, can, or bottle of coffee, coffee drinks, or
any kind of tea (one or more times per day, during the 7 days before the survey)
Variable label: Drank a cup, can, or bottle of coffee, coffee drinks, or any kind of tea

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qsportsdrink:
During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of a sports drink such as
Gatorade or PowerAde? (Do not count low-calorie sports drinks such as Propel or G2.)
A. I did not drink sports drinks during the past 7 days
B. 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days
C. 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

Variable label: Sports drinks

Short response:
A. Did not drink sports drinks
B. 1 to 3 times
C. 4 to 6 times
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

qnsportsdrink:
Numerator: Students who answered A
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not drink a can, bottle, or glass of a sports drink
(such as Gatorade or PowerAde, not including low-calorie sports drinks such as
Propel or G2, during the 7 days before the survey)
Variable label: Did not drink a can, bottle, or glass of a sports drink

qnspdrk1:
Numerator: Students who answered D, E, F, or G
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who drank a can, bottle, or glass of a sports drink one or
more times per day (such as Gatorade or PowerAde, not including low calorie
sports drinks such as Propel or G2, during the 7 days before the survey)
Variable label: Drank a can, bottle, or glass of a sports drink one or more times per day

qnspdrk2:
Numerator: Students who answered E, F, or G
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who drank a can, bottle, or glass of a sports drink two or
more times per day (such as Gatorade or PowerAde, not including low calorie
sports drinks such as Propel or G2, during the 7 days before the survey)
Variable label: Drank a can, bottle, or glass of a sports drink two or more times per day

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qenergydrink:
During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of an energy drink, such
as Red Bull or Jolt? (Do not count diet energy drinks or sports drinks such as Gatorade or PowerAde.)
A. I did not drink energy drinks during the past 7 days
B. 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days
C. 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

Variable label: Energy drink >=1 time/day

Short response:
A. Did not drink energy drinks
B. 1 to 3 times
C. 4 to 6 times
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

qnenergydrink:
Numerator: Students who answered D, E, F, or G
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who drank a can, bottle, or glass of an energy drink (such as
Red Bull or Jolt, not including diet energy drinks or sports drinks such as Gatorade
or PowerAde, one or more times per day during the 7 days before the survey)
Variable label: Drank a can, bottle, or glass of an energy drink

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qsugardrink:
During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a can, bottle, or glass of a sugar-sweetened
beverage such as lemonade, sweetened tea or coffee drinks, flavored milk, Snapple, or Sunny
Delight? (Do not count soda or pop, sports drinks, energy drinks, or 100% fruit juice.)
A. I did not drink sugar-sweetened beverages during the past 7 days
B. 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days
C. 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

Variable label: Sugar-sweetened beverage >=1 time/day

Short response:
A. Did not drink sugar drinks
B. 1 to 3 times
C. 4 to 6 times
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

qnsugardrink:
Numerator: Students who answered D, E, F, or G
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who drank a can, bottle, or glass of a sugar-sweetened
beverage (such as lemonade, sweetened tea or coffee drinks, flavored milk,
Snapple, or Sunny Delight, not counting soda or pop, sports drinks, energy drinks,
or 100% fruit juice, one or more times per day during the 7 days before the survey)
Variable label: Drank a can, bottle, or glass of a sugar-sweetened beverage

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qwater:
During the past 7 days, how many times did you drink a bottle or glass of plain water? (Count tap,
bottled, and unflavored sparkling water.)
A. I did not drink water during the past 7 days
B. 1 to 3 times during the past 7 days
C. 4 to 6 times during the past 7 days
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

Variable label: Plain water

Short response:
A. Did not drink water
B. 1 to 3 times
C. 4 to 6 times
D. 1 time per day
E. 2 times per day
F. 3 times per day
G. 4 or more times per day

qnwater:
Numerator: Students who answered A
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not drink a bottle or glass of plain water
(counting tap, bottled, and unflavored sparkling water, during the 7 days before
the survey)
Variable label: Did not drink a bottle or glass of plain water

qnwater1:
Numerator: Students who answered D, E, F, or G
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who drank one or more glasses per day of plain water
(counting tap, bottled, and unflavored sparkling water, during the 7 days before
the survey)
Variable label: Drank one or more glasses per day of plain water

qnwater2:
Numerator: Students who answered E, F, or G
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who drank two or more glasses per day of plain water
(counting tap, bottled, and unflavored sparkling water, during the 7 days before
the survey)
Variable label: Drank two or more glasses per day of plain water

qnwater3:
Numerator: Students who answered F or G
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who drank three or more glasses per day of plain water
(counting tap, bottled, and unflavored sparkling water, during the 7 days before
the survey)
Variable label: Drank three or more glasses per day of plain water

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qfastfood:
During the past 7 days, on how many days did you eat at least one meal or snack from a fast food
restaurant such as McDonald's, Taco Bell, or KFC?
A. 0 days
B. 1 day
C. 2 days
D. 3 days
E. 4 days
F. 5 days
G. 6 days
H. 7 days

Variable label: Meal/snack fast food >= 3 days

qnfastfood:
Numerator: Students who answered D, E, F, G, or H
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H
Summary text: Percentage of students who ate at least one meal or snack from a fast food
restaurant (such as McDonald's, Taco Bell, or KFC, on three or more days during
the 7 days before the survey)
Variable label: Ate at least one meal or snack from a fast food restaurant
qfoodallergy:
Are there any foods that you have to avoid because eating the food could cause an allergic reaction,
like skin rashes, swelling, itching, vomiting, coughing, or trouble breathing?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure

Variable label: Food allergies

qnfoodallergy:
Numerator: Students who answered A
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, or C
Summary text: Percentage of students who have to avoid some foods because eating the food
could cause an allergic reaction (such as skin rashes, swelling, itching,
vomiting, coughing, or trouble breathing)
Variable label: Have to avoid some foods because eating the food could cause an allergic
reaction

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qwenthungry:
During the past 30 days, how often did you go hungry because there was not enough food in your
home?
A. Never
B. Rarely
C. Sometimes
D. Most of the time
E. Always

Variable label: How often went hungry

qnwenthungry:
Numerator: Students who answered D or E
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E
Summary text: Percentage of students who most of the time or always went hungry because there
was not enough food in their home (during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: Most of the time or always went hungry because there was not enough food in their
home
qmusclestrength:
During the past 7 days, on how many days did you do exercises to strengthen or tone your
muscles, such as push-ups, sit-ups, or weight lifting?
A. 0 days
B. 1 day
C. 2 days
D. 3 days
E. 4 days
F. 5 days
G. 6 days
H. 7 days

Variable label: Muscle strengthening

qnmusclestrength:
Numerator: Students who answered D, E ,F , G, or H
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H
Summary text: Percentage of students who did exercises to strengthen or tone their muscles on
three or more days (such as push-ups, sit-ups, or weight lifting, during the 7 days
before the survey)
Variable label: Did exercises to strengthen or tone their muscles on three or more days

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qsunscreenuse:
When you are outside for more than one hour on a sunny day, how often do you wear sunscreen with
an SPF of 15 or higher?
A. Never
B. Rarely
C. Sometimes
D. Most of the time
E. Always

Variable label: Sunscreen use outside

qnsunscreenuse:
Numerator: Students who answered D or E
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E
Summary text: Percentage of students who most of the time or always wear sunscreen (with an SPF
of 15 or higher when they are outside for more than one hour on a sunny day)
Variable label: Most of the time or always wear sunscreen
qindoortanning:
During the past 12 months, how many times did you use an indoor tanning device such as a sunlamp,
sunbed, or tanning booth? (Do not count getting a spray-on tan.)
A. 0 times
B. 1 or 2 times
C. 3 to 9 times
D. 10 to 19 times
E. 20 to 39 times
F. 40 or more times

Variable label: Indoor tanning

qnindoortanning:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, or F
Summary text: Percentage of students who used an indoor tanning device (such as a sunlamp,
sunbed, or tanning booth [not including getting a spray-on tan], one or more times
during the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Used an indoor tanning device

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qsunburn:
During the past 12 months, how many times have you had a sunburn? (Count the number of times
even a small part of your skin turned red or hurt for 12 hours or more after being outside in the sun or
after using a sunlamp or other indoor tanning device.)
A. 0 times
B. 1 time
C. 2 times
D. 3 times
E. 4 times
F. 5 or more times

Variable label: Sunburn

qnsunburn:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, or E
Summary text: Percentage of students who had a sunburn (counting even a small part of the
skin turning red or hurting for 12 hours or more after being outside in the sun
or after using a sunlamp or other indoor tanning device, one or more times
during the 12 months before the survey)
Variable label: Had a sunburn
qconcentrating:
Because of a physical, mental, or emotional problem, do you have serious difficulty concentrating,
remembering, or making decisions?
A. Yes
B. No

Variable label: Difficulty concentrating

qnconcentrating:
Numerator: Students who answered A
Denominator: Students who answered A or B
Summary text: Percentage of students who have serious difficulty concentrating, remembering,
or making decisions (because of a physical, mental, or emotional problem)
Variable label: Have serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions
qcurrentasthma:
Do you still have asthma?
A. I have never had asthma
B. Yes
C. No
D. Not sure

Variable label: Current asthma

qncurrentasthma:
Numerator: Students who answered B
Denominator: Students who answered A to “Has a doctor or nurse ever told you that you
have asthma?”
Summary text: Percentage of students who had been told by a doctor or nurse that they had
asthma and who still have asthma
Variable label: Had been told by a doctor or nurse that they had asthma and who still have asthma

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qwheresleep:
During the past 30 days, where did you usually sleep?
A. In my parent's or guardian's home
B. In the home of a friend, family member, or other person because I had to leave my
home or my parent or guardian cannot afford housing
C. In a shelter or emergency housing
D. In a motel or hotel
E. In a car, park, campground, or other public place
F. I do not have a usual place to sleep
G. Somewhere else

Variable label: Homelessness

Short response:
A. Parent's or guardian's home
B. Home of friend/family/other
C. Shelter or emergency housing
D. Motel or hotel
E. Car, park, campground
F. No usual place to sleep
G. Somewhere else

qnwheresleep:
Numerator: Students who answered B, C, D, E, or F
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, D, E, F, or G
Summary text: Percentage of students who did not usually sleep in their parent's or guardian's
home (during the 30 days before the survey)
Variable label: did not usually sleep in their parent's or guardian's home
qspeakenglish:
How well do you speak English?
A. Very well
B. Well
C. Not well
D. Not at all

Variable label: How well speak English

qnspeakenglish:
Numerator: Students who answered A or B
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, or D
Summary text: Percentage of students who speak English well or very well
Variable label: Speak English well or very well

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qtransgender:
Some people describe themselves as transgender when their sex at birth does not match the way they
think or feel about their gender. Are you transgender?
A. No, I am not transgender
B. Yes, I am transgender
C. I am not sure if I am transgender
D. I do not know what this question is asking

Variable label: Transgender

Short response:
A. No
B. Yes, I am transgender
C. Not sure if I am transgender
D. DK what question is asking

qntransgender:
Numerator: Students who answered B
Denominator: Students who answered A, B, C, or D
Summary text: Percentage of students who are transgender
Variable label: Are transgender

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