INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

On

“INTERNET OF THING”

ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

MeeraBai Institute of Technology

Submitted By:
Vinita Kushwaha

1910083004
Certificate
 Content
1. Introduction of IOT
• How internet of things works ?
• Features of IOT
2. Arduino
• Led blink
• IR sensor
•
• Ultra sonic sensor
3. BLYNK APP
• Making of new project
4. THINGSPEAK
5. PROJECT
• Home automation
 What is an Internet of Things (IoT)
Let's us look closely at our mobile device which contains GPS Tracking, Mobile Gyroscope,
Adaptive brightness, Voice detection, Face detection etc. These components have their own
individual features, but what about if these all communicate with each other to provide a better
environment? For example, the phone brightness is adjusted based on my GPS location or my
direction.

Connecting everyday things embedded with electronics, software, and sensors to internet
enabling to collect and exchange data without human interaction called as the Internet of Things
(IoT).

The term "Things" in the Internet of Things refers to anything and everything in day to day life
which is accessed or connected through the internet.

IoT is an advanced automation and analytics system which deals with artificial intelligence,
sensor, networking, electronic, cloud messaging etc. to deliver complete systems for the product
or services. The system created by IoT has greater transparency, control, and performance.

As we have a platform such as a cloud that contains all the data through which we connect all the
things around us. For example, a house, where we can connect our home appliances such as air
conditioner, light, etc. through each other and all these things are managed at the same platform.
Since we have a platform, we can connect our car, track its fuel meter, speed level, and also track
the location of the car.
If there is a common platform where all these things can connect to each other would be great
because based on my preference, I can set the room temperature. For example, if I love the room
temperature to to be set at 25 or 26-degree Celsius when I reach back home from my office, then
according to my car location, my AC would start before 10 minutes I arrive at home. This can be
done through the Internet of Things (IoT).

How does Internet of Thing (IoT) Work?

The working of
IoT is different
for different
IoT echo system

(architecture). However, the key concept of there working are similar. The entire working
process of IoT starts with the device themselves, such as smartphones, digital watches, electronic
appliances, which securely communicate with the IoT platform. The platforms collect and
analyze the data from all multiple devices and platforms and transfer the most valuable data with
applications to devices.
 Features of IOT
The most important features of IoT on which it works are connectivity, analyzing, integrating,
active engagement, and many more. Some of them are listed below:

Connectivity: Connectivity refers to establish a proper connection between all the things of IoT
to IoT platform it may be server or cloud. After connecting the IoT devices, it needs a high speed
messaging between the devices and cloud to enable reliable, secure and bi-directional
communication.

Analyzing: After connecting all the relevant things, it comes to real-time analyzing the data
collected and use them to build effective business intelligence. If we have a good insight into
data gathered from all these things, then we call our system has a smart system.

Integrating: IoT integrating the various models to improve the user experience as well.

Artificial Intelligence: IoT makes things smart and enhances life through the use of data. For
example, if we have a coffee machine whose beans have going to end, then the coffee machine
itself order the coffee beans of your choice from the retailer.

Sensing: The sensor devices used in IoT technologies detect and measure any change in the
environment and report on their status. IoT technology brings passive networks to active
networks. Without sensors, there could not hold an effective or true IoT environment.

Active Engagement: IoT makes the connected technology, product, or services to active
engagement between each other.

Endpoint Management: It is important to be the endpoint management of all the IoT system
otherwise, it makes the complete failure of the system. For example, if a coffee machine itself
order the coffee beans when it goes to end but what happens when it orders the beans from a
retailer and we are not present at home for a few days, it leads to the failure of the IoT system.
So, there must be a need for endpoint management.
 What is Arduino?

Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and

software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a
Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing
something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions to the
microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino programming language (based
on Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on Processing.

Over the years Arduino has been the brain of thousands of projects, from everyday objects to
complex scientific instruments. A worldwide community of makers - students, hobbyists, artists,
programmers, and professionals - has gathered around this open-source platform, their
contributions have added up to an incredible amount of accessible knowledge that can be of great
help to novices and experts alike.

Arduino was born at the Ivrea Interaction Design Institute as an easy tool for fast prototyping,
aimed at students without a background in electronics and programming. As soon as it reached a
wider community, the Arduino board started changing to adapt to new needs and challenges,
differentiating its offer from simple 8-bit boards to products for IoT applications, wearable, 3D
printing, and embedded environments. All Arduino boards are completely open-source,
empowering users to build them independently and eventually adapt them to their particular
needs. The software, too, is open-source, and it is growing through the contributions of users
worldwide.
 Why Arduino?

Thanks to its simple and accessible user experience, Arduino has been used in thousands of
different projects and applications. The Arduino software is easy-to-use for beginners, yet
flexible enough for advanced users. It runs on Mac, Windows, and Linux. Teachers and students
use it to build low cost scientific instruments, to prove chemistry and physics principles, or to get
started with programming and robotics. Designers and architects build interactive prototypes,
musicians and artists use it for installations and to experiment with new musical instruments.
Makers, of course, use it to build many of the projects exhibited at the Maker Faire, for example.
Arduino is a key tool to learn new things. Anyone - children, hobbyists, artists, programmers -
can start tinkering just following the step by step instructions of a kit, or sharing ideas online
with other members of the Arduino community.

There are many other microcontrollers and microcontroller platforms available for physical
computing. Parallax Basic Stamp, Netmedia's BX-24, Phidgets, MIT's Handyboard, and many
others offer similar functionality. All of these tools take the messy details of microcontroller
programming and wrap it up in an easy-to-use package. Arduino also simplifies the process of
working with microcontrollers, but it offers some advantage for teachers, students, and interested
amateurs over other systems:

• Inexpensive - Arduino boards are relatively inexpensive compared to other

microcontroller platforms. The least expensive version of the Arduino module can be
assembled by hand, and even the pre-assembled Arduino modules cost less than $50
• Cross-platform - The Arduino Software (IDE) runs on Windows, Macintosh OSX, and
Linux operating systems. Most microcontroller systems are limited to Windows.
• Simple, clear programming environment - The Arduino Software (IDE) is easy-to-use
for beginners, yet flexible enough for advanced users to take advantage of as well. For
teachers, it's conveniently based on the Processing programming environment, so
students learning to program in that environment will be familiar with how the Arduino
IDE works.
• Open source and extensible software - The Arduino software is published as open
source tools, available for extension by experienced programmers. The language can be
expanded through C++ libraries, and people wanting to understand the technical details
can make the leap from Arduino to the AVR C programming language on which it's
based. Similarly, you can add AVR-C code directly into your Arduino programs if you
want to.
• Open source and extensible hardware - The plans of the Arduino boards are published
under a Creative Commons license, so experienced circuit designers can make their own
version of the module, extending it and improving it. Even relatively inexperienced users
can build the breadboard version of the module in order to understand how it works and
save money.
 LED BLINK
Code-:

void setup() {
// initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.
pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever

void loop() {
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
delay(1000); // wait for a second
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
delay(1000); // wait for a second
}
 IR SENSOR
CODE-:

const int ProxSensor=2;

int inputVal = 0;

void setup()
{
pinMode(13, OUTPUT); // Pin 13 has an LED connected on most Arduino
boards:
pinMode(ProxSensor,INPUT); //Pin 2 is connected to the output of proximity
sensor
Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop()
{
if(digitalRead(ProxSensor)==HIGH) //Check the sensor output
{
digitalWrite(13, HIGH); // set the LED on
}
else
{
digitalWrite(13, LOW); // set the LED off
}
inputVal = digitalRead(ProxSensor);
Serial.println(inputVal);
delay(1000); // wait for a second
}
 ULTRASONIC SENSOR
CODE-:
// defines pins numbers
const int trigPin = 9;
const int echoPin = 10;

// defines variables
long duration;
int distance;

void setup() {
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); // Sets the trigPin as an Output
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); // Sets the echoPin as an Input
Serial.begin(9600); // Starts the serial communication
}

void loop() {
// Clears the trigPin
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);

// Sets the trigPin on HIGH state for 10 micro seconds

digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

// Reads the echoPin, returns the sound wave travel time in microseconds
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

// Calculating the distance

distance= duration*0.034/2;

// Prints the distance on the Serial Monitor

Serial.print("Distance: ");
Serial.println(distance);
}

IOT PLATFORM ( BLYNK APP )

How Blynk Works

Blynk was designed for the Internet of Things. It can control hardware remotely, it can display
sensor data, it can store data, vizualize it and do many other cool things.
There are three major components in the platform:
• Blynk App - allows to you create amazing interfaces for your projects using various widgets
we provide.
• Blynk Server - responsible for all the communications between the smartphone and
hardware. You can use our Blynk Cloud or run your private Blynk server locally. It’s open-
source, could easily handle thousands of devices and can even be launched on a Raspberry Pi.
• Blynk Libraries - for all the popular hardware platforms - enable communication with the
server and process all the incoming and outcoming commands.
Now imagine: every time you press a Button in the Blynk app, the message travels to the Blynk
Cloud, where it magically finds its way to your hardware. It works the same in the opposite
direction and everything happens in a blynk of an eye.
 Features
• Similar API & UI for all supported hardware & devices
• Connection to the cloud using:
o WiFi
o Bluetooth and BLE
o Ethernet
o USB (Serial)
o GSM
o …
• Set of easy-to-use Widgets
• Direct pin manipulation with no code writing
• Easy to integrate and add new functionality using virtual pins
• History data monitoring via SuperChart widget
• Device-to-Device communication using Bridge Widget
• Sending emails, tweets, push notifications, etc.
• … new features are constantly added!
You can find example sketches covering basic Blynk Features. They are included in the library.
All the sketches are designed to be easily combined with each other.

What do I need to Blynk?

1. Hardware

An Arduino, Raspberry Pi, or a similar development kit.

Blynk works over the Internet. This means that the hardware you choose should be able to
connect to the internet. Some of the boards, like Arduino Uno will need an Ethernet or Wi-Fi
Shield to communicate, others are already Internet-enabled: like the ESP8266, Raspberri Pi with
WiFi dongle, Particle Photon or SparkFun Blynk Board. But even if you don’t have a shield, you
can connect it over USB to your laptop or desktop (it’s a bit more complicated for newbies, but
we got you covered). What’s cool, is that the list of hardware that works with Blynk is huge and
will keep on growing.
2. A Smartphone.

The Blynk App is a well designed interface builder. It works on both iOS and Android,

HOW TO GET STARTED

Let’s get you started in 5 minutes (reading doesn’t count!). We will switch on an LED connected
to your Arduino using the Blynk App on your smartphone.
Connect an LED as shown here:
1. Create a Blynk Account
After you download the Blynk App, you’ll need to create a New Blynk account. This account is
separate from the accounts used for the Blynk Forums, in case you already have one.
We recommend using a real email address because it will simplify things later

Why do I need to create an account?

An account is needed to save your projects and have access to them from multiple devices from
anywhere. It’s also a security measure.
You can always set up your own Private Blynk Server and have full control.

2. Create a New Project

After you’ve successfully logged into your account, start by creating a new project.
 3. Choose Your Hardware
Select the hardware model you will use. Check out the list of supported hardware!

4. Auth Token
Auth Token is a unique identifier which is needed to connect your hardware to your
smartphone. Every new project you create will have its own Auth Token. You’ll get Auth Token
automatically on your email after project creation. You can also copy it manually. Click on
devices section and selected required device :
CODE-
#define BLYNK_PRINT SwSerial
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial SwSerial(10, 11); // RX, TX
#include <BlynkSimpleStream.h>
// You should get Auth Token in the Blynk App.
// Go to the Project Settings (nut icon).
char auth[] = "2957944d79664ca0b994591d6b811a4a";
void setup()
{
// Debug console
SwSerial.begin(9600);

// Blynk will work through Serial

// Do not read or write this serial manually in your sketch
Serial.begin(9600);
Blynk.begin(Serial, auth);
}
void loop()
{
Blynk.run();
// You can inject your own code or combine it with other sketches.
// Check other examples on how to communicate with Blynk. Remember
// to avoid delay() function!
}
 THINGSPEAK

ThingSpeak™ is an IoT analytics platform service that allows you to aggregate, visualize and
analyze live data streams in the cloud. ThingSpeak provides instant visualizations of data posted
by your devices to ThingSpeak. With the ability to execute MATLAB® code in ThingSpeak you
can perform online analysis and processing of the data as it comes in. ThingSpeak is often used
for prototyping and proof of concept IoT systems that require analytics.
Internet of Things (IoT) describes an emerging trend where a large number of embedded devices
(things) are connected to the Internet. These connected devices communicate with people and other
things and often provide sensor data to cloud storage and cloud computing resources where the
data is processed and analyzed to gain important insights. Cheap cloud computing power and
increased device connectivity is enabling this trend.
IoT solutions are built for many vertical applications such as environmental monitoring and
control, health monitoring, vehicle fleet monitoring, industrial monitoring and control, and home
automation.
At a high level, many IoT systems can be described using the diagram below:
On the left, we have the smart devices (the “things” in IoT) that live at the edge of the network.
These devices collect data and include things like wearable devices, wireless temperatures sensors,
heart rate monitors, and hydraulic pressure sensors, and machines on the factory floor.
In the middle, we have the cloud where data from many sources is aggregated and analyzed in real
time, often by an IoT analytics platform designed for this purpose.
The right side of the diagram depicts the algorithm development associated with the IoT
application. Here an engineer or data scientist tries to gain insight into the collected data by
performing historical analysis on the data. In this case, the data is pulled from the IoT platform
into a desktop software environment to enable the engineer or scientist to prototype algorithms
that may eventually execute in the cloud or on the smart device itself.
An IoT system includes all these elements. ThingSpeak fits in the cloud part of the diagram and
provides a platform to quickly collect and analyze data from internet connected sensors.

ThingSpeak Key Features

ThingSpeak allows you to aggregate, visualize and analyze live data streams in the cloud. Some
of the key capabilities of ThingSpeak include the ability to:

• Easily configure devices to send data to ThingSpeak using popular IoT protocols.
• Visualize your sensor data in real-time.
• Aggregate data on-demand from third-party sources.
• Use the power of MATLAB to make sense of your IoT data.
• Run your IoT analytics automatically based on schedules or events.
• Prototype and build IoT systems without setting up servers or developing web software.
• Automatically act on your data and communicate using third-party services like Twilio® or
Twitter®.