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Chapter 4 Energy Conversion

The document contains questions and problems related to armature windings and generator operation. It discusses the rules for determining reentrancy in lap windings, the number of parallel paths, and machine ratings for multiplex-lap windings. It also addresses why wave coil ends cannot be connected exactly 360 degrees apart on the commutator, and the rules for determining commutator pitch in simplex-lap and wave windings. The document solves problems involving generator voltage, current, power calculations for both short-shunt and long-shunt compound generator connections.

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LuelsonCordovaDeclarador
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110 views3 pages

Chapter 4 Energy Conversion

The document contains questions and problems related to armature windings and generator operation. It discusses the rules for determining reentrancy in lap windings, the number of parallel paths, and machine ratings for multiplex-lap windings. It also addresses why wave coil ends cannot be connected exactly 360 degrees apart on the commutator, and the rules for determining commutator pitch in simplex-lap and wave windings. The document solves problems involving generator voltage, current, power calculations for both short-shunt and long-shunt compound generator connections.

Uploaded by

LuelsonCordovaDeclarador
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Luelson Jay C.

Declarador BSECE 5A
Chapter 4
Questions:

31. State the general rule for determining the reentrancy of a multiplex-lap winding.
-The degree of reentrancy of lap windings is equal to the highest common factor between the number of
commutator segment and the “plex” of the winding.

32. What general rule can be used to determine the number of parallel paths in a multiplex-lap winding?
- Commutator pitch (Yc) multiplied by the no. of poles (P) determines the no. of parallel paths.

33. To what values of machine ratings are multiplex-lap windings restricted?


-Multiplex-lap windings are generally restricted to low-voltage high-=current machines because, practically
speaking, it is desirable to limit the current pr path to values no greater than about 250 to 300 amp.

34. Why must the ends of wave coils are never be connected to the commutator exactly 360 electrical degrees
apart?
-For if the ends of the coil is connected to the commutator exactly 360 degrees apart it will cause a complete
closure, which violates the first property of the commutator that the entire winding must be trace from segment
to segment, and from coil side to coil side. For tracing winding once around the commutator the last coil end
should arrive one segment behind or one segment ahead to the starting segment.

35. State the general rule for determining the commutator pitch in a simplex-lap winding.
-In a simplex-lap winding the commutator pitch is always equal to one.

36. Explain why only two brush sets need be used in a machine in which the armature is awave wound.
The use of two sets of brushes is often very convenient, particularly in installation in which brushes cannot
be replaced without difficulty. Furthermore, in wave-wound machine equipped with as many brush sets as
poles, if one or more of the brush sets develop poor contact with the commutator, satisfactory operations still
possible.

37. How are the conductors in each path of a lap winding distributed around the armature?
-The conductors in each of the P paths of a lap winding are distributed under two poles, a north and a south
pole.

38. How are the conductors in each path of a wave winding distributed around the armature winding?
-The conductors in each of the two paths of a wave winding are distributed under all the poles.

39. Under what conditions is it desirable to use two brush sets in machines having wave-wound armatures?
-In a multi-polar machine two sets of brushes where used with convenience particularly in installation in which
brushes cannot be replaced without difficulty.

40. Under what conditions is it desirable to use as many brush sets as poles in machines having wave-wound
armatures?
-When a machine is equipped with many brush sets as poles it is still possible to have satisfactory operation
beside when more of the brush develops poor contact with the commutator.

41. What are multiplex-wave windings?


-It is a type of armature winding with more than two even parallel paths.

42. Under what circumstances would it be desirable to use multiplex-wave windings?


-In such situation where current rating is too high, specifically above 600 amps, it is necessary to use armature
winding having more than parallel path (Multiplex- wave winding).

43. Why is it possible to have circulating currents in lap-wound armatures?


-The circulating currents can flow in lap-wound armature only because the conductors of each path are not
distributed completely around the circumference, as in wave-windings, but occupy position under one pair of
poles at a time.

44. Why is it impossible to have circulating currents flowing in wave-wound armatures?


-The circulating currents cannot flow in the wave-wound armatures, it can only flow in lap-wound armatures
because the conductors of each path are not distributed completely around the circumference but occupy
positions under one pair of poles at a time.
Problem solving:

9.) continue of problem 8


By ratio and proportion

Vn.L - V240 = Vn.L -V120

180 120

270 - 240 = 270 - V120

180 120

(30)(120)
V120 =
180

V120 = 250 Volts

10.) A 150 - KW 250 Volt compound generator is connected long shunt if the shunt field resistance is 20
ohms what is the series field current at the full load?
Given:
P = 150 KW, 250 Volt
Rf = 20 OHMs

Required
What is the series-field current at full load ?
Solution:
LET:

Is = is the series field current


IA = is the armature current
Since the connection is long shunt
IA = Is = IL + If

But IL = FL/Vt = 150,000W/250V

IL = 600 AMP
If = Vt/Rf = 250/20
If = 12.5 AMP

Therefore
Is = 600 + 12.5
Is = 615.5 AMP
Also this is the value of IA

11.) If the generator of problem 10 is connected short-shunt, what is the full load series field current?
Solution:
In short shunt compound generator, the “Is” or series field current is equal to the load current “It”
Then:
Is = PL/Vt
= 150 000 W/ 250 V
Is = 600 Amperes

12.) A long shunt compound generator has a shunt field with 1,200 turns per pole and a series-field with 41/2
turns per pole if the shunt field and series field ampere-turns are, respectively, 1200 and 196, calculate the
power delivered to a load when the terminal voltage is 230.

Given:
Shunt-field turns = 1200 turns
Series-field turns = 4 and 1/2
Shunt-field AMP-turns=1200 AMP-turns
Shunt-field AMP-turns=196 AMP-turns
Required.
Power delivered to the load when the terminal voltage is 230 volts .

Solution:
If = NI shunt-field/Nshunt-field
If = 1200 AMP/1200
If =1 AMP
For Is
Is = 196 AMP/4.5
Is = 43.55 AMP

Then:
IL = IA-If
IL = 43.55-1
IL = 42.55 AMP
PL =(IL)(ET)
PL =(42.55)(230)
PL=9786 Watts(power delivered to the load )

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