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Reading Skills

This document discusses various reading skills: 1. Scanning involves quickly finding specific information without reading the entire text. 2. Skimming allows obtaining the main ideas or essence of a text by reading quickly and looking for keywords. 3. Synonyms are words that have similar meanings to the word in question. 4. Antonyms are words that mean the opposite. 5. Making inferences involves drawing conclusions not directly stated in the text. 6. Referencing identifies words that refer back to something already mentioned. 7. Deducing meaning from context uses clues to understand the meaning of expressions.

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Afra Afifah
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37 views

Reading Skills

This document discusses various reading skills: 1. Scanning involves quickly finding specific information without reading the entire text. 2. Skimming allows obtaining the main ideas or essence of a text by reading quickly and looking for keywords. 3. Synonyms are words that have similar meanings to the word in question. 4. Antonyms are words that mean the opposite. 5. Making inferences involves drawing conclusions not directly stated in the text. 6. Referencing identifies words that refer back to something already mentioned. 7. Deducing meaning from context uses clues to understand the meaning of expressions.

Uploaded by

Afra Afifah
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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READING SKILLS

Lecture: Rini Intansari Meilani, S.Pd., M.Pd.

GROUP 4:

Afra Afifah Ghaliyah (1804243)


Indi Darajati (1803800)
M. Fahmi Faturochman (1804802)
Nadia Putri Mulya Sulistyo (1805162)
Nasrihati Ika Riastu Ningsih (1804541)
Putri Winda Manalu (1803937)
Riana Marlisa (1804749)

CLASS OF OFFICE MANAGEMENT EDUCATION-B / 2018


FACULTY OF ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS EDUCATION
UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA
1. Scanning

Scanning is a speed reading technique to obtain information without reading


anything else, but directly to the problem being sought, which is in the form of specific
facts or certain information. If in the case of participants being asked to find one specific
information such as number, year or someone’s name, this method can be applied to find
the answer so that there is no need to read the entire text in detail. Scanning means
knowing what information you need to find before you read. Scanning is looking for a
fact or a detail or a particular vocabulary word.
In daily activities scanning is usually used to look up telephone numbers,
words in dictionaries, entries on indexes, statistics, TV broadcasts, and lesson lists.

How to use Scanning:


1) Decide what information you need
2) Identify key words to help find this information
3) Remember the key words and quickly move your eyes down the page. Don’t read as you
scan. Just look for the key words.
4) Read the sentences around the key words to be sure you have found the correct
information.

Example:
Questions: according to Reading 2, how often is there a fire drill?
Information needed: how often there is a fire drill
Key words: how often and fire drill
Answer: three Times a year

2. Skimming
Skimming is an attempt to take the essence of a reading, in the form of a key
idea or important detail that is at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end. Skimming
means reading the entire text quickly, look for keywords, topics, tables, and illustrations
to get the essence of the reading. Skimming means reading quickly for general meaning.
Skimming is to figurate out about the topic, the main ideas, and the general organization
of a passage.
To get detailed information, we just enough to know the perspective of the
writer or to locate the general idea. The technique of skim reading or ‘skimming’ can be
used for this purpose.

How to use Skimming:


1) Running your eyes over a text to get a quick idea of the gist of a text to get general
understanding, not looking for details.
2) Find content word, which is a word that determines the meaning or purpose of a sentence,
which can be noun, verb, adjective.
3) In skimming you read sections only, skipping to find the next section of interest.
concentrate on following the main ideaa and blocking out detail

3. Synonyms
Synonym namely words or groups of words that have similar meanings that
are very close to the meaning in the context of the sentence. A synonym is a word that is
close in meaning to the word in question. The sentence uses a similar word to help
explain the meaning of the word The INTERPOL figured out the spy’s duplicity or
deceitfulness after he admitted to steal the country’s confidential information.

How to use Synonyms:


1) Must always see the answer choices when listening and reading to capture words that
have the same meaning.
2) Remember that synonyms are not exactly the same meaning, but also synonyms that
resemble their meanings.
3) Note that there are words that are the same but their meanings are different.
4) Practice listening and reading words and thinking about their synonyms.
4. Antonyms
Antonym is a word that means the opposite of the one you are unsure of. The
sentence uses a word with an opposite definition to give the meaning of the word.

How To Use Antonyms :


Watch out for tricky words, Antonym tests may have words that may appear
to be related to another word, causing you to infer that the meaning of both the words is
similar. Words such as ‘passive’ might appear to be related to ‘pass’ or ‘passable’, and
may mislead you into thinking that these convey the same meaning, which is not the case
here.

5. Making Inference
Making inference is to draw conclusions from what is not stated (not directly
or not explictly stated in the passage).

How to use Making Inference.


1) The keyword might be repeated so that it can help determine the inference.
2) Inference questions may ask for ideas or opinions in part or in whole reading.
3) Sometimes the questions in the reading section ask you to decide what the author
means, even though the author did not mention it.
4) You have to guess what the author implies. Remember, the author does not state it in
other statements but implies it.
5) Because the answer is not written directly in the reading, the choice of answers
contained in the reading must be wrong.

6. Referencing

The reference word is usually a noun, referring back to something already


mentioned in the reading, both in the same sentence or before, maybe even in earlier
reading. This word can refer back to the previous paragraph. And also can, though
rarely, refer to something that comes after the reference word.
The reference word is used by the author as a link between two words and
ideas, helps the writing run smoothly without the need to repeat words along the
sentence

How to use Referencing


1) Decide who refers to the reference word (person, something, plural words).
2) Look for references on the reading line mentioned in the question and look back at the
same sentence to find the main subject.
3) In other cases the main subject might be a keyword or details.

7. Deducing meaning from the context

Deducing meaning from the context is guessing from context refers to the ability
to infer the meaning of an expression using contextual clues.

How To Use :

1) Read the conntents of the entire text


2) Understand the contents of the entire text
3) Draw conclusions from the main topics / themes of the reading

 Book Source:
1. English for Academy Purpose (2007)

By Sutanto Leo, Dkk

PENERBIT ANDI
2. Persiapan TOEFL 101 (2007)

By Arief Rahman

Kesaint Blanc

3. Reading and Study Skills (2001)


By John Langan
McGraw-Hill Higher Education

4. Improving Reading Skills (2004)


By Deanne Spears
McGraw-Hill Higher Education
5. Read Ahead Reading and Like Skills Divelopment (2004)
By JO McENTIRE
LONGMAN

6. The master TOEFL Upgrade Skor Target 677 (2016)


By Iisrohli Irawati, S.S., S.Pd., M.Hum. Dkk
Mizan Media Utama

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