GAS LEAKAGE ALERT SERVICE

ABSTRACT:

There is a rapid development in technology which influencing the human life in several
aspects due to rapid development in different fields but we still need to adopt that
technology such that we can make human life easier to live. In our Country it is not
possible to supply LPG through Pipes to each and every home as production of LPG is
too short. At present we are having a system Advance LPG cylinder booking through
IVRS or online which is most difficult for the illiterate and busy schedule people to book
the LPG cylinder in advance. Another Major problem LPG cylinder users facing is “They
don’t know exactly the status of LPG gas completion” makes even more delay in
booking the cylinder which is uncomfortable most of the times. Now a days we are
having a IVRS system in which customer needs to go through few steps in
accordance with the Automatic voice which also includes selecting options. Most of
the illiterate people can’t even complete the booking due to this reason and also most of
the times these landline phones are either busy due to congested calls or phones not
working due to some technical issues. This paper proposes a system that will make
entire LPG cylinder booking procedure automated without human intervention. This
system continuously measures the weight of the cylinder and once it reaches
minimum threshold it will automatically sends message to the authorized LPG
Agent so that they can deliver the LPG cylinder in time. Along with the Automated
cylinder booking we also designed feature related to the safety of the user in which it
continuously monitor the leakage of LPG gas and alerts the user regarding leakage to
avoid major accidents which costs human lives mostly.

OBJECTIVE: The problem that the project focuses on is the inability to detect or
distinguish Leakage of gas. This project conducted to help solve the problem by
providing an alternative way to detect gas leakge to help person in his daily life.

MATERIALS REQUIRED:

• Methane gas sensor

There are approximately 30crore LPG users in the country in which mostly 40% of the
population. The Several standards have been implemented for the gas leakage
detection system. The existing systems provides an alarm system which is mainly
meant to detect an Gas leakage in the house and commercial premises The objective of
the proposed system is to continuously check the gas leakage of the cylinder and as
soon as it will automatically sends an SMS alert to the user so that they can act
accordingly. This system also designed to detect LPG gases such as propane and
butane. The allowed level for butane is 600ppm above which it is considered to be of
high level and poses a danger. The main aim of this project is to monitor for liquid
petroleum gas (LPG) leakage to avoid major fire accidents and also facilitating
safety precautions where security has been an important issue . The system
detects the leakage of the LPG using gas sensor and alerts the consumer about
the gas leakage by sending SMS. The proposed system uses the GSM Modem to alert
the person about the gas leakage via SMS. When the system identifies that LPG
concentration in the air reaches the specified level then it alertthe consumer by sending
SMS to registered mobile phone and alert the people at home by activating the alarm
which includes Buzzer simultaneously and also display the same message on LCD to
take the necessary action and switch on the exhaust fan or opening windows to
decrease the gas concentration in the air.

EXPLANATION

This proposed method consists of gas leakage detection system, microcontroller,

The main basic Arduino Mega2560 micro controller requires the power supply ranging
from 7-12 volts which can be built by using different components like step down
transformer, rectifier, filter and regulator which are readily available as adapters these
days. Supply can be either from an ac to dc adapter or battery. The board can operate
on at 7-12 volts. If voltage<7V then board becomes unstable. If voltage>12V then board
get damaged.
The Main platform we are using to build the project is Arduino Mega 2560 which
provides us the flexibility to write the code effectively in convenient way and also it will
provides us features like Inexpensive, Cross platform, Simpler and clear programming
environment, Open source and extensible software, Easy for beginners, The Arduino
Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560 (datasheet).It
contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a
computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC to-DC adapter or battery to get
started. With the above features it force us to use in our project design.
The Gas Sensor is also one of the components used to detect the leakage of the LPG
Gas (Methane &Propane) which converts one form of the signal into other form. There
are different type of sensors available in the market we make use of few of them in our
project such as Methane (MQ4) Sensor and Temperature Sensor (LM35).The MQ4 is
used in gas leakage detecting equipment’s are suitable for detecting of CH4,Natural gas
andto avoid the noise of alcohol and cooking fumes and cigarette smoke. The
MQ-4 can detect natural gas concentrations from 200 to 10000ppm.High sensitivity to
CH4，Natural gas. MQ 4 has Fast response, Stable and long life
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is used to show the output of the results of Different sensor
values and various results to show of size about 32 ASCII character in 2 lines
commonly used one is 16x2 LCD modules.
We are using GSM Modem to alert the user by sending SMS(Short Message
Service) about Gas Leakage and LPG Gas Completion Status’s (Global System for
Mobile communication) is a digital mobile telephony system that is widely used in
England and different parts of the world. GSM uses of time division multiple access
(TDMA) and is the most widely used of the technologies (TDMA, GSM, and CDMA).
GSM digitizes and syncs data, then sends it to a channel with two other streams of user
data, each in its own time slot. It operates at either the 800 MHz or 1800 MHz frequency
band.

Methane gas sensor:

MQ-4 is a Sensor for Natural Gases Sensitive material. MQ-4 gas sensor is SnO2,
which has lower conductivity in clear air. When the target combined gas exist, the
sensor’s conductivity is heavier with the gas concentration rising. We used simple circuit
to convert respective output signal according to concentration level. MQ-4 gas sensor
has high sensitive to Methane, Propane and Butane. The sensor can be used to detect
different Combustible gas, especially Methane; it is with cost effective and useful for so
many applications.

LCD Display

LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display. They have become very common with industry
by clearly replacing the use of Cathode Ray Tubes (CRT). CRT consumes more power
than LCD and also bigger and heavier. We all know about LCD‟s, but no one knows the
exact working of it. LCD is finding wide spread use replacing LEDs (seven segments or
other multi segment LEDs)

Piezoelectric buzzer

Buzzer is an audio signaling device. The typical uses of buzzers are for alarms, timers
and confirmation of user input such as a mouse click or keystroke. The project used an
electronic type of buzzer which is a Piezoelectric element that driven by a micro-
controller signals.

Arduino UNO

In this proposed system Arduino UNO is used as a controller.Arduino is a well-equipped

SIM800L GSM/GPRS module is a miniature GSM modem, which can be integrated into
a great number of IoT projects. You can use this module to accomplish almost anything
a normal cell phone can; SMS text messages, Make or receive phone calls, connecting
to internet through GPRS, TCP/IP, and more! To top it off, the module supports quad-
band GSM/GPRS network, meaning it works pretty much anywhere in the world.
At the heart of the module is a SIM800L GSM cellular chip from SimCom. The operating
voltage of the chip is from 3.4V to 4.4V, which makes it an ideal candidate for direct
LiPo battery supply. This makes it a good choice for embedding into projects without a
lot of space.

All the necessary data pins of SIM800L GSM chip are broken out to a 0.1″ pitch
headers. This includes pins required for communication with a microcontroller
over UART. The module supports baud rate from 1200bps to 115200bps with Auto-
Baud detection.

The module needs an external antenna to connect to a network. The module usually
comes with a Helical Antenna and solders directly to NET pin on PCB. The board also
has a U.FL connector facility in case you want to keep the antenna away from the
board.

RESULT

In Arduino Based LPG gas Monitoring with Alert System MQ-4 gas sensor as
input devices and Piezoelectric buzzer,16x2 LCD display and GSM module used as
output devices.

CONCLUSION

As we shorted out the problems faced by LPG gas consumers so we come up with
some solutions to meet the few requirements of them, as we made our system is
completely automate. Our system is also reasoned to help customers to upgrade their
safety norms, act in accordingly with minimum requirements on environmental issues
and mostly the basic function being prevented by major disasters and protect life and
property from reputed Accidents. The objective is to provide any malfunctioning gas
servicing system in order to prevent damage or explosion of LPG. Thus the system
developed by us will somehow help the LPG Gas Consumers to lead a comfortable life.

FUTURE SCOPE

This monitoring system can be further enhanced by using Bluetooth in place of GSM to
send the alert messages to user, which supports the another real-time application. For
industrial purposes mobile robot can be developed for detecting multiple gas
concentrations. Addition of load cell can also be used as pressure sensor which detects
the amount of gas in the cylinder and also detects high pressure gas in cylinder pipe,
displaying the alert messages via SMS and LCD displays.