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Water Level Indicator and Control: Group Members

This project aims to build an automatic water level control system with an indicator. It will use sensors to detect the water level and control a pump motor accordingly. When the water is below the lower limit, the motor will turn on to pump water. It will turn off at the upper limit. An LED indicator will show the current water level. The system will be simulated and built in stages, with a working demonstration at the end. It will use common electronic components like transistors, gates, relays, and resistors.

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378 views

Water Level Indicator and Control: Group Members

This project aims to build an automatic water level control system with an indicator. It will use sensors to detect the water level and control a pump motor accordingly. When the water is below the lower limit, the motor will turn on to pump water. It will turn off at the upper limit. An LED indicator will show the current water level. The system will be simulated and built in stages, with a working demonstration at the end. It will use common electronic components like transistors, gates, relays, and resistors.

Uploaded by

Ali John
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EE-241L Introductory Circuits Lab Project Proposal

Water Level Indicator and Control


Group Members
Niha Afzal 21100123
Ali Samiq 21100023
Muhammad Ibrahim 20100113

Project Description
This project aims to implement an automatic water pump control system with water level indicator.

System Model
The motor gets automatically switched on when water in the tank falls below a lower limit. Similarly, it
gets switched off when the tank is filled up to an upper limit.

Components and their connections: The lower limit ‘A’ will be connected to the base of transistor-T1
and its emitter connected to relay RL1. Relay RL1 is connected to input pin of a NAND gate-N3.
Similarly, the upper-limit probe ‘B’ will be connected to the base of transistor T2 and its emitter is
connected to the input pins 1 and 2 of a NAND gate N1. The output pin of N2 is connected to i/p pin of
another NAND gate N3. The output of N3 is connected to input pin of N2 and the base of a transistor T3.
Relay RL2 connected to the emitter of transistor T3 is used to drive the motor.

Automatic water pump Circuit: If the tank is filled below probe A, transistors T1 and T2 do not
conduct and the output of N3 goes high. This high output energises relay RL2 to drive the motor and it
starts pumping water into the tank. When the tank is filled above probe A but below probe B, water
EE-241L Introductory Circuits Lab Project Proposal

inside the tank provides base voltage to drive transistor T1 and relay RL1 energises to make pin 13 of
gate N3 high. However, water inside the tank does not provide base voltage to transistor T2, so it does
not conduct and the logic built around NAND gates N1 and N2 outputs low to input of N3. The net effect
is that the output of N3 remains high and the motor continues pumping water into the tank. When the
tank is filled up to probe B level, water inside the tank still provides base voltage to transistor T1 and
relay RL1 energises to make pin 13 of gate N3 high. At the same time, water inside the tank also
provides base voltage to drive transistor T2 and the logic built around NAND gates N1 and N2 outputs
high to input of gate N3. The net effect is that the output of N3 goes low and the motor stops pumping
water into the tank. Then when water level falls below probe B but is above probe A the water inside
the tank still provides base voltage to transistor T1 and relay RL1 remains energised to make pin 13 of
gate N3 high. However, transistor T2 doesn’t conduct and the logic built around NAND gates N1 and N2
outputs high to input of N3. As a result, the output of N3 remains low and motor remains stopped.
When water level falls below probe A, both transistors T1 and T2 do not conduct. NAND gate N3 gives a
high output to drive relay RL2 and the motor restarts pumping water into the tank.

Water Indicator Circuit:


When water in the tank reaches the minimum at level C, transistor T7 conducts and LED1 glows. When
water level rises to one-fourth of the tank, transistor T6 conducts and LED1 and LED2 glow. When water
level rises to half of the tank, transistor T5 conducts and LED1, LED2 and LED3 glow. When water level
rises to three-fourth of the tank, transistor T4 conducts and LED1 through LED4 glow. When the tank is
full, transistor T3 conducts and all the five LEDs glow. So, from glowing of LEDs, one can know the water
level in the tank.
EE-241L Introductory Circuits Lab Project Proposal

Block Diagram Water


Reservoir

Water Level
Sensor

LED
Indicator
Water
Pump
Ground
water/Long
term reservoir

Project Timeline

Project Selection 23rd October 2019


Project Proposal Submission 28th October 2019
Simulation Deliverable 8th November 2019
Deliverable 1 15th November 2019
Deliverable 2 22nd November 2019
Deliverable 3 30th November 2019
Final Demonstration 6th December 2019
Report (Format would be uploaded) 8th December 2019
EE-241L Introductory Circuits Lab Project Proposal

Simulation Deliverable:
Simulation of the project on ISIS Proteus
Deliverable 1:
LED Water level indicator
Deliverable 2:
Water pump controller model
Deliverable 3:
Water pump controller model And LED Indicator
Final Demonstration:
Working model of automatic pump and indicator.

Components List
CD4011 Quad Two input NAND gate x1
BC547 Transistor x7
12V 200Ω 1C/O Relay x2
1N4001 Diode x2
1k Resistor x13
Water pump x1
LEDs x5

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