Safety Standard For Portable Automotive Service Equipment: ASME PASE-2014
Safety Standard For Portable Automotive Service Equipment: ASME PASE-2014
Safety Standard
for Portable
Automotive
Service
Equipment
A N A M E R I C A N N AT I O N A L STA N DA R D
Safety Standard
for Portable
Automotive
Service
Equipment
The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2019. This Standard will become
effective 1 year after the Date of Issuance.
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Standard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at
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ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.
Copyright © 2014 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All rights reserved
Printed in U.S.A.
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Committee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
Part 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
iii
Copyright c 2014 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
Part 23 Oil and Antifreeze Handlers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Figures
4-1.3-1 Typical Single-Stage Hydraulic Hand Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4-1.3-2 Typical Wheeled Pneumatic/Hydraulic Hand Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4-1.3-3 Typical Pneumatic/Hydraulic Hand Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4-1.3-4 Typical Multiple-Stage Hydraulic Hand Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5-1.3-1 Typical Hydraulic Transmission Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5-1.3-2 Typical Pneumatic/Hydraulic Transmission Jacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6-1.3-1 Typical Single-Post Engine Stands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
6-1.3-2 Typical Twin-Post Engine Stand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
7-1.3-1 Typical Vehicle Support Stands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
7-1.3-2 Horizontal Dimensions and Vertical Heights for Stability
Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7-1.3-3 Typical High-Reach Fixed Stand, Saw Horse Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7-1.3-4 Typical High-Reach Fixed Stand, Tripod Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7-4.1.1-1 Application of Load for Off-Center Load Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7-4.1.1-2 Application of Load for Centered Load Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
8-1.3-1 Typical Screw Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
8-1.3-2 Typical Bumper Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
8-1.3-3 Typical Scissors Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
8-1.3-4 Typical Frame Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
8-4.1.4-1 Stability Test — Compound Slope (Downgrade) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
8-4.1.4-2 Stability Test — Compound Slope (Upgrade) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
9-1.3-1 Typical Upright-Type Mobile Lift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
9-1.3-2 Typical Scissors-Type Mobile Lift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
10-1.3-1 Typical Hydraulic Service Jacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
10-1.3-2 Typical Pneumatic/Hydraulic Service Jacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
10-2.7-1 Lift Arm Parallel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
10-2.7-2 Saddle Periphery Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
10-4.1.4-1 Saddle Periphery Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
11-1.3-1 Typical Wheel Dollies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
12-1.3-1 Typical Shop Cranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
13-1.3-1 Typical Auxiliary Stands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
13-4.1.1-1 Application of Load for Proof Load Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
14-1.3-1 Typical Automotive Ramps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
14-4.1.1-1 Typical Test Area for Off-Center Load Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
14-4.1.2-1 Typical Test Area for Proof Load Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
15-1.3-1 Typical High-Reach Supplementary Stand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
15-2.6-1 Stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
15-4.1.1-1 Proof Load Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
16-1.3-1 Typical Forklift Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
17-1.3-1 Typical Vehicle Transport Lifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
18-1.3-1 Typical Vehicle-Moving Dollies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
19-1.3-1 Typical Wheel Lift Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
19-4.1-1 Example Measurement Location for Dimension X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
20-1.3-1 Shop Press, Air or Hydraulic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
20-1.3-2 Shop Press, Manual Hydraulic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
20-1.3-3 Shop Press, Manual Hydraulic Bench . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
21-1.3-1 Oil Filter Crushers, Pneumatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
21-1.3-2 Oil Filter Crushers, Hydraulic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
22-1.3-1 Fixed Strut Spring Compressor (Wall Mounted) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
22-1.3-2 Portable Strut Spring Compressor (Stand Mounted) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
22-1.3-3 Clamshell Strut Spring Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
22-1.3-4 Individual-Screw Strut Spring Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
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Copyright c 2014 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
23-1.3-1 Oil or Antifreeze Handlers, Pneumatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
24-1.3-1 Typical Portable Hydraulic Power Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
24-1.3-2 Standard Kit Fit-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
24-1.3-3 Standard Kit Set for Applying Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
v
Copyright c 2014 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
FOREWORD
This ASME Standard, Safety Standard for Portable Automotive Service Equipment, has been
developed under the procedures for ASME Codes and Standards development committees. This
Standard had its beginning in June 1979 when the Jack Institute addressed the B30 Committee
on Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings. The Jack Institute requested
the B30 Committee either to develop a standard for automotive jacks or to include this equipment
as part of the revision of ASME B30.1, Jacks. The B30 Committee declined this request.
As a result, the Jack Institute petitioned the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in
July 1979 for the formation of a committee to promulgate safety and/or performance standards
for portable automotive lifting devices, requesting the designation of ASME as sponsor of the
project.
In September 1979, ASME’s Policy Board, Codes and Standards, approved sponsorship of the
committee to operate under the procedures developed by ASME and accredited by ANSI. A
nominating committee was appointed to recommend a proposed membership to the ASME Safety
Codes and Standards Committee for approval. The membership was approved at the beginning
of May 1980.
The inaugural meeting of the ASME Committee on Portable Automotive Lifting Devices (PALD)
was held in July 1980. The Committee determined that the format of this Standard would be
such that separate volumes, each complete as to design, marking, identification, testing, operation,
inspection, and maintenance, would cover the different types of equipment included in the PALD
scope. In the 1993 edition, the various volumes were combined into one Standard with common
requirements in one place and the information specific to a particular type of equipment set
out in succeeding Parts. This allowed for greater consistency in requirements and eliminated
redundancy.
In April 2007, the ASME Committee on PALD recognized the need to develop a standard for
PALD-related equipment not covered under the ASME PALD Standard. As a result, an ASME
PALD subcommittee was appointed by members currently serving on the ASME PALD Committee
to propose a new standard for these products. This subcommittee then drafted a basic scope and
outline of this new Standard and petitioned the ASME Council of Codes and Standards for
permission to proceed with the development of this Standard to cover equipment described in
the charter of the ASME PALD Committee. The Standard was approved by the American National
Standards Institute on February 3, 2010, as the Safety Standard for Automotive Service and
Maintenance Products (ASP).
In July 2011, the PALD Committee approved changing the name and charter of the PALD
Committee to the Portable Automotive Service Equipment (PASE) Committee to encompass both
the ASME PALD and ASME ASP published Standards. As a result of this change, the Committee
decided to combine the two Standards into this new Safety Standard for Portable Automotive
Service Equipment. This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide
to manufacturers, to government and other regulatory bodies, to municipal authorities, and to
commercial users responsible for the inspection, maintenance, and instruction in the use of the
equipment falling within its scope.
Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public health and safety. Revisions result
from Committee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing
environmental and industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.
This Standard was approved by the American National Standards Institute on October 30, 2014.
vi
Copyright c 2014 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
ASME PASE COMMITTEE
Portable Automotive Service Equipment
(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)
F. G. Heath, Chair
R. Nuttall, Vice Chair
D. R. Alonzo, Secretary
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Copyright c 2014 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
PREFACE
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Copyright c 2014 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
proprietary design or situation. The in- which may inadvertently change the intent of the origi-
quirer also may include any plans or nal request.
drawings that are necessary to explain ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any
the question; however, they should not interpretation when or if additional information that
contain proprietary names or might affect an interpretation is available. Further, per-
information. sons aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to the
cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. ASME
Requests that are not in this format will be rewritten does not “approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any
in this format by the Committee before being answered, item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
ix
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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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Copyright c 2014 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
ASME PASE-2014
Part 1
Introduction
1
Copyright c 2014 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.