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Languages Q) How Successful Has Been The Promotion of The Regional Languages in Pakistan Between 1947 and 1999? Explain Your Answer. (14) Pushto

The promotion of regional languages in Pakistan between 1947 and 1999 was moderately successful. Pushto saw strong promotion through literary and cultural organizations that helped develop the language. Balochi was in decline but saw revival through radio, publications, and cultural programs. Sindhi benefited from new organizations that published works and promoted the language. Punjabi continued strong folk and poetic traditions while also receiving institutional support. Urdu became the national language and saw growth in education and media through new organizations and works of prominent poets. Overall, each regional language received some institutional support and promotional efforts that helped develop literature and culture.

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123 views

Languages Q) How Successful Has Been The Promotion of The Regional Languages in Pakistan Between 1947 and 1999? Explain Your Answer. (14) Pushto

The promotion of regional languages in Pakistan between 1947 and 1999 was moderately successful. Pushto saw strong promotion through literary and cultural organizations that helped develop the language. Balochi was in decline but saw revival through radio, publications, and cultural programs. Sindhi benefited from new organizations that published works and promoted the language. Punjabi continued strong folk and poetic traditions while also receiving institutional support. Urdu became the national language and saw growth in education and media through new organizations and works of prominent poets. Overall, each regional language received some institutional support and promotional efforts that helped develop literature and culture.

Uploaded by

zainab billal
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Languages

Q) How successful has been the promotion of the regional languages in Pakistan between 1947
and 1999? Explain your answer. [14]

Pushto:
• In post independence era, Pushto language and literature received great boast and promotion.
• Pushto writers and poets participated in freedom movement, also contributing to its progress
and development.
• Sahibzada Abdul Qayyam worked hard to create political consciousness among people through
his speeches and lectures in Pushto.
• In 1954, Pushto academy established for promotion of language and literature. It prepared a
Pushto dictionary.
• In 1962, department set up in Peshawar university-arrangements made to teach people up to
MA level.
• Modern poets like Ajmal Khattak, Amir Hamza Shinwari and Samundar Khan had contributed
to its development by retaining the interest of readers in Pushto poetry and writing.
• Prose writers didn’t lack behind, like Mulana Abdul Qadir, Fazl-e-Haq Shaida etc.
• Magazines and newspapers in Pushto had increased circulation and readership.
• PTV Peshawar contributed by presenting programs, cultural shows and Pushto dramas.
• Pushto music is as rich as ever and Pushto theatre and films also popular.
• Taught as a compulsory language in NWFP till primary levels.

Balouchi:
• It was on the verge of decline by Independence.
• After independence, received a little boast when Radio Pak. Karachi began its broadcast in
Balouchi language.
• In 1960, first Balouchi journal published, setting a new trend in Balouchi literature.
• In 1962, Balouchi Literary Association set up. It published magazines, journals and articles in
Balouchi.
• A weekly magazine ‘Nan Kessan’ published. A monthly ‘Olassis’ also started.
• Balouchi poets also contributed greatly to its promotion – Atta Shad, Ishaq Shamim, Azad
Jameli etc.
• A poem ‘Dulhan’ of Ishaq Shamim very famous.
• Politician Gul Naseer Khan also has his share in the progress of the language.
• Bible also translated into Balouchi language.
• PTV Quetta center has also richly contributed to its development.
• Thus, it can be said that Balouchi made a real come back, revival and has reemerged after
independence.

Sindhi:
• Effective steps taken for its progress and development after independence.
• Sindh literary board set up in 1948.
• Sindh literary society in 1949 – it translated many authentic books into Sindhi and printed a
number of magazines and journals in Sindhi.
• Also many unpublished works of Shah Abdul Latif, Qadir Baksh etc have been published.
• 1954 ‘Bazm-e-Talib-ul-Mula’ and Sindh provincial provincial library set up.
• Dr Ali Akbar established ‘Sarmast Academy’ publishing several books in the memory of Sachal
Sarmast.
• Works of sufi poets like Hazrat Sachal Sarmast, Shah Abdul Latif very popular.
• Institute of Sindhiology set up in 1962.


• Apart from these newspapers, journals, Sindhi poets of post independence generation, political
speeches – all have contributed to the richness and popularity of Sindhi language.

Punjabi:
• After independence it is being patronized.
• Folk tales like ‘Sasi Panooh’, ‘Mirza Shahiban’, ‘Soni Mahiwal’ and mystic poetry of Bulleh Shah
and Ghulam Farid still read with interest.
• Punjab academy and Majlis-e-Shah Hussain working for the progress of the language.
• Modern Punjabi poets like Munir Niazi, Atta Ullah Qasimi and Ahmad Rahi greatly appreciated.
• PTV Lahore center presenting Punjabi shows and dramas.
• Newspapers and magazines published.
• Regional politicians give speeches in Punjabi.
• Taught as compulsory language in Punjab till primary level.
• Punjabi department in Punjab University, where it’s taught up till MA level.
• Punjabi songs, theatre and films very popular.
• Translation of Quran in Punjabi by M. Ali Faiz a new step in the progress of Punjabi.

Urdu:
• Adopted as national language after independence.
• Before 1947, it came to be recognized as the language of the Muslims of the Sub-continent.
• Ghalib and Iqbal’s poetry is still read with interest, even today.
• After independence, Faiz Ahmed Faiz, Ahmed Faraz and poets like Habib Jalib contributed to
Urdu with their rich poetry.
• Federal Urdu University has been established for its education till Ph.D. and post-graduate
level.
• Urdu academy and Iqbal academy also publishing useful works in Urdu.
• Many newspapers and magazines of Urdu are in circulation in all the provinces of Pakistan.
• PTV, Radio Pakistan and many private TV channels and radio stations are presenting programs
in Urdu.

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