13/02/2020 biology

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Biology
Syllabus
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure
Microscopes, and other techniques in cytology
The cell membrane; lipids and phospholipids
Movement of substances across cell membranes: diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis,
active transport
Protein structure and function
Enzyme action and factors affecting the rate of reaction; enzyme inhibitors.
Metabolic pathways as sites of enzyme action and of feedback control
The key features of mitosis – maintenance of genetic uniformity in growth and repair of
cells
Meiosis – haploid and diploid numbers in the life-cycle; creating genetic variation
Carbohydrates as energy molecules
Cellular metabolism – including aerobic and anaerobic respiration; Krebs’ cycle and
glycolysis, the electron transfer system
Respiratory system: lungs, and the mechanism of breathing; control of breathing rate
Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport in the blood; the oxygen dissociation curve and
the Bohr shift
Circulatory system: the cardiac cycle, and its control; pressure and other changes in the
circulation
Blood – especially the immune response and other defences against disease
Digestive system: physical and chemical digestion, followed by absorption; the control
of digestive secretions
Homeostasis and negative feedback: illustrated by e.g. thermoregulation
Kidney function in excretion and osmoregulation, including the countercurrent
multiplier
Endocrine system: thyroxine and the hormones of the pancreas as examples of negative
feedback control
Nervous system – nerve impulse and synapse; nerve pathways; the autonomic nervous
system
Receptors, and the generator potential; eye and ear as sense organs
The neuromuscular junction, and the mechanism of muscle contraction – the sliding
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13/02/2020 biology

Structure and function of nucleic acids

Molecular genetics, and the mechanism of protein synthesis; genetic engineering
Mendelian genetics, and exceptions to Mendelian laws: prediction of genetic
ratios/probabilities, and analysis of family pedigrees
Population genetics – the Hardy-Weinberg equation
Taxonomy – an outline of the main taxonomic groups, and the relationship between
evolution and a natural classification system
Bacteria and viruses – overview of treatments for infectious diseases
Population growth, and its analysis
These topics are covered in a problem-solving context, to develop an approach for dealing
effectively with new situations. The more mathematical aspects of Biology, such as analysing
and interpreting graphs, are an essential part of the GAMSAT Exam and they will be covered
throughout the course

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13/02/2020 chemistry

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General Chemistry
Syllabus
Basics of nuclear structure and hybridisation
Bonding and structure, H-bonding in organic systems and electronegativity
Oxidation number and usage in inorganic and organic chemistry
Equilibria, Le Chatelier’s principle and its applications
Solubility and Ksp calculations
Solubility curves and phase diagrams
Depression of freezing point and general colligative properties
Acid Base equilibria, application to proteins and other biological systems, buffering, pKa
usage and Indicators
Buffering in the bloodstream
Rates – the rate equation and determination of rate law
Relation of rate law to mechanism
Arrhenius equation, activation energy, relationship to biological mechanism
Enzyme kinetics and development and use of Michaelis Menten equation
Raoult’s law
Entropy as a concept and Gibbs Free Energy
Use of ΔG=ΔH-TΔS to predict reaction
Chemical potential and application to biological systems
Gibbs Free Energy profiles
Osmotic pressure, Osmolarity and finding protein RMM
Redox equilibria introduction
Use of electrode potentials in predicting reaction, Nearnst equation, Electrode potentials
in biological systems
Stiff Diagrams
A range of other degree level areas are introduced, and application to simulated questions
will enforce concepts, as they are covered on the course

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13/02/2020 gamsat chemistry

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Organic Chemistry
Syllabus
Principles of organic chemistry – Naming, Structure and Hybridisation
Isomerism in organic chemistry - Optical, Geometric, Conformational and Structural
Reactions of common groups and their properties
Chirality and its implications
Organic reaction mechanisms
Carbocation rearrangements
Substitution and Elimination reactions SN1, SN2 and E1, E2
Resonance structures – Hemiacetals, Hemiketals and acid salts
Transamination
Peptide hydrolysis
Fatty acids and iodine number
The 4n+2 rule and aromatic systems and Huckel’s rules
E / Z notation
Effect of substituent groups on the benzene ring
Fischer projections, Newman projections and other 3D considerations
Conformational isomerism
Cahn-Ingold-Prelog convention and the application to stereoisomerism
Assignment of true configuration to optical isomers R and S
Diels-Alder and related reactions
Sigmatropic rearrangements
Aldol formation and the Aldol condensation
The terpene structure as a base of larger organic molecules
Weiner Index
Bicyclic Nomenclature
Infrared Spectroscopy and NMR
Beer-Lambert Law
Ternary Diagrams 
Morphine rules
A range of other degree level organic areas are introduced, and application to simulated
questions will enforce concepts, as they are covered during the course

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13/02/2020 gamsat physics

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Physics
Syllabus
Basics - S.I. system of units, scalars and vectors.
Rectilinear Motion - velocity and acceleration, graphs of motion, equations of motion.
Forces - resultant forces, weight and mass, resolving forces, centres of gravity, upthrust
and flotation, moments, Newton’s laws.
Dynamics - projectiles, momentum, circular motion.
Energy - forms of energy, energy transfers, conservation of energy, KE and PE and
associated formulae, power.
Gases - The gas laws, ideal gas, absolute temperature scale, meaning of temperature.
Thermal energy - transfer (conduction, convection and radiation), heat capacity, latent
heat, thermodynamics.
Electric circuits - current and potential difference, combinations of resistances, resistivity,
EMF, internal resistance, capacitors and capacitor equations.
Electric fields - Coulomb’s law, comparison with gravitational fields.
Magnetic fields - electromagnetism (uses and formula), mass spectrometry.
Waves - mechanical waves, wave phenomena
Optics - refractive index, lenses and lens formulae, focal lengths, real and virtual images,
the eye (application of the above topic to the eye and defects of vision).
Simple Harmonic Motion - formulation, resonance, damped oscillations.
Sound - intensity, logarithm dB scale.
Radioactivity - nuclear decay (alpha, beta, gamma), exponential decay, half-life
Nuclear reactions - mass-energy equivalence, fission and fusion.
Medical physics - x-rays, ultrasound, optics in medicine, radio-isotopes, Magnetic
Resonance Imaging.
Where possible, topics are covered so that the following aspects are stressed
Analysis and interpretation of graphs
Mathematical patterns (direct and inverse proportionality, exponential changes, log
scales etc).
Quick approaches to solutions.
Conversions of simple (eg: µA to mA) and more complex units (eg: g cm-3 to kg m-3).
It is important to note that these cross-curricular techniques will also serve to reinforce your
work in the other sciences. CONTACT US
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13/02/2020 gamsat maths

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Mathematics For Science

Syllabus
Percentages and percentage calculations
Algebra and equations
Changing the subject of an equation
What an equation tells us
Indices and calculations involving indices
Standard form and conversions involving standard form
Physical quantities in science
Converting units
Finding units of a new term
Scale factors
Volumes and areas
Basic trigonometry
Proportionality in graphs
Inverse proportionality
Straight line graphs, gradients and intercepts
Power law graphs and equations
Curved graphs
Logarithms and the log scale
Natural logs
Examples of using log scales
Exponential equations
Linearising equations
Further examples
Half-Life
The mathematics of radioactive and exponential decay
Other mathematical skills are introduced through analysis of sample questions during the
course

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