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Pset 1 18.06 Spring 2020 Solution

This document contains solutions to 5 homework problems involving vectors, matrices, and trigonometry. Problem 1 involves defining vectors, finding the angle between two vectors, and interpreting a determinant. Problem 2 involves identifying vectors, spheres, and planes. Problem 3 addresses vector spaces and properties of matrices. Problem 4 examines constant functions and functions that equal 0 at a point. Problem 5 calculates values, angles, and multiplies matrices.

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60 views

Pset 1 18.06 Spring 2020 Solution

This document contains solutions to 5 homework problems involving vectors, matrices, and trigonometry. Problem 1 involves defining vectors, finding the angle between two vectors, and interpreting a determinant. Problem 2 involves identifying vectors, spheres, and planes. Problem 3 addresses vector spaces and properties of matrices. Problem 4 examines constant functions and functions that equal 0 at a point. Problem 5 calculates values, angles, and multiplies matrices.

Uploaded by

anotherser01
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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18.

06 Problem Set 1 Solution


HW1.
a. 1) By definition.
b. 2) 0 = v · v = |v|2 so that v = 0.
c. 4) By definition.
d. True. Notice that ||w|| = || − w||, so this is exactly the triangle inequality.
|v·w|
e. 2) Let the angle between the two vectors be θ. Then cos θ = ||v||·||w|| = √12 . So
we know θ = π/4.
f. 2. This is the geometric interpretation of determinant.

HW2.
a. 3). x = y = z = 0 does not satisfy this equation, so it does not pass through
0.
b. (2,3,4).
c. d). This is the sphere centered at 0, with radius 1.
d. (2x,2y,2z).
e. (2,3,4).
f. (2x,2y,2z).
g. This is one side of the space separated by the plane 2x + 3y + 4z = 2020 where
the origin lies in.

HW3.
a. Yes. For any two 3 × 3 matrices A, B, and any real numbers λ, µ, λA + µB is
also a 3 × 3 matrix by definition.
b. No. For any such a matrix A, 0 · A = 0 is not in this set.
P c. Yes. For P any two 3 × 3 matrices A = (Aij ), B = (Bij ) from this set, we have
1≤i,j≤3 Aij = 1≤i,j≤3 Bij = 0. For any real numbers λ, µ,P
λA+µB = (λAij +µBij )
also a 3 × 3 matrix,
is P P and that the sum of all entries is 1≤i,j≤3 (λAij + µBij ) =
λ 1≤i,j≤3 Aij + µ 1≤i,j≤3 Bij = 0.
d. Yes. There is only one element in this set, which is 0. This is a vector space,
as λ · 0 = 0 for any real number λ.
e. Yes. For any two diagonal matrices matrices A, B, entries are 0 except for the
entries on the main diagonal. For any real numbers λ, µ, entries of λA + µB are 0
except for the entries on the main diagonal, hence λA + µB is also a diagonal matrix.

HW4.

1
a. Yes. For any two constant functions f (x) = c1 , g(x) = c2 , and any real
numbers λ, µ, λf (x) + µg(x) = λc1 + µc2 is also a constant function.
b. Yes. For any two such functions f (x), g(x), and any real numbers λ, µ, λf (0)+
µg(0) = 0. So it is also a function in this set.
c. No. For any such function f (x), 0 · f (x) = 0 takes 0 at 0 instead of 17.
d. Yes. For any two such functions f (x), g(x), and any real numbers λ, µ, λf (17)+
µg(17) = 0. So it is also a function in this set.
e. No. For any such function f (x), 0 · f (x) = 0 takes 0 at 17 instead of 17.

HW5
a. 225
b. 7.416198487095663
31.28897569432403
225
c. cos θ = 7.416198487095663×31.28897569432403 = 0.9696384473317716.
θ = 0.24704836030593655
 = 14.154828622612804◦ .
30 36 42
g. A2 =  66 81 96 
 102 126 150
1 4 9
16 25 36
49 64  81 
0.0349648997349724
h. x =  0.251622660194788 
0.43773815598541144

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