Model code of safe practice

Part 2

Design, construction and operation of petroleum

distribution installations

4th edition
 EI MODEL CODE OF SAFE PRACTICE

PART 2: DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION

OF PETROLEUM DISTRIBUTION INSTALLATIONS

4th edition

July 2013

Published by
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 MODEL CODE OF SAFE PRACTICE PART 2: DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF PETROLEUM DISTRIBUTION INSTALLATIONS

CONTENTS
Page
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.1 Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.2 Inclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.3 Exclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

2 Planning of installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.1.1 Legislative requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.1.2 Layout and design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.1.3 Hazardous area classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.1.4 Prevention of leakage and containment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.1.5 Risk assessments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.1.6 Emergency planning arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.2 Boundaries and security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.2.1 Boundary security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.2.2 Additional security measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.3 Tankage layout and safety distances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.3.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.3.2 Method of determining minimum separation distances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.3.3 Installations for Classes I, II (2) and III (2) petroleum products . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.3.4 Installations for Class II (1) petroleum products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.3.5 Installation for Class III (1) petroleum products and unclassified liquids . . 17
2.3.6 Storage of non-hydrocarbons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.4 Tank bunds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.4.1 Bunds - product containment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.4.2 Bund walls - fire protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.5 Loading and unloading facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.5.1 Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.5.2 Rail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.5.3 Jetties and wharves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.6 Roadways, parking areas and access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.6.1 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.6.2 Vehicular access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.6.3 Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.6.4 Pedestrian access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.7 Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.7.1 Occupied buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.7.2 Service buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.7.3 Boiler house, power plant and fire pump houses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.7.4 Road tanker workshops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.8 Storage of packed products in the open . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.8.1 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.8.2 Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.8.3 Spillage containment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

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 MODEL CODE OF SAFE PRACTICE PART 2: DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF PETROLEUM DISTRIBUTION INSTALLATIONS

2.9 Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.9.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.9.2 Areas where surface water may be contaminated with oil . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.9.3 Areas where surface water cannot be contaminated with oil . . . . . . . . . . 24
2.9.4 Oil/water separators (including interceptors) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2.9.5 Ethanol release to soil and groundwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2.9.6 Diesel release to soil and groundwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
2.9.7 Fire water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
2.9.8 Foul sewage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

3 Design and construction of plant, equipment and buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

3.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.2 Electrical and safety related control systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.2.2 Power distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2.3 Data transmission cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2.4 Area classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2.5 Electrical equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2.6 Circuits in hazardous areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2.7 Equipment and protective systems for use in potentially explosive
atmospheres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.2.8 Determination of the presence of dangerous substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.2.9 Safety-related control systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.2.10 Overfill protection systems for storage tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2.11 Application of LOPA to the overflow of an atmospheric tank . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2.12 Incorporation of SIL assessments into COMAH safety report . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.2.13 Construction/commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.2.14 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.2.15 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.2.16 Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.3 Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.3.1 Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.3.2 Design pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.3.3 Tank fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.3.4 Tank connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.3.5 Normal venting for fixed roof tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.3.6 Emergency venting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.3.7 Emissions control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.3.8 Tank overfill prevention and high level alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.3.9 Design of automatic tank overfill protection systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.3.10 Proof testing of overfill protection systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.3.11 Manlids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3.3.12 Stairways, gangways and ladders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3.3.13 Gauging, sampling and temperature measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.3.14 External floating roof tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.3.15 Internal floating roofs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.3.16 Earthing and bonding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.3.17 Buried and mounded tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.3.18 Foundations and supports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.3.19 Inspection and testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.3.20 Corrosion protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.3.21 Tank bunds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

2
 MODEL CODE OF SAFE PRACTICE PART 2: DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF PETROLEUM DISTRIBUTION INSTALLATIONS

3.3.22 Tank bund construction for hydrocarbon storage and upgrading of existing
sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3.3.23 Change in use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.3.24 Tertiary containment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.3.25 Geodesic domes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.4 Piping, valves and fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.4.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.4.2 Piping code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.4.3 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.4.4 Pipe thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.4.5 Pipe joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.4.6 Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.4.7 Flanges and fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
3.4.8 Installation and flexibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
3.4.9 Thermal pressure relief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3.4.10 Inspection and testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3.4.11 Piping systems above or below ambient temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.4.12 Hoses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.4.13 Articulated pipe connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.4.14 Corrosion protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.4.15 Surge suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.4.16 Segregation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.4.17 Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
3.5 Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
3.5.1 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
3.5.2 Pump type and seal design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
3.5.3 Pump installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
3.5.4 Driving units for pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
3.6 Compressors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
3.6.1 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
3.7 Bulk road and rail loading and unloading facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
3.7.1 Construction materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
3.7.2 Loading arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
3.7.3 Layout of road tanker loading and unloading facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
3.7.4 Layout of railcar loading and unloading facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.7.5 Railcar loading and unloading areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
3.7.6 Loading and unloading equipment for railcars and road tankers . . . . . . . 57
3.7.7 Vapour recovery system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
3.7.8 Control for unloading operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
3.7.9 Platforms for top loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
3.7.10 Stray currents, earthing and bonding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
3.7.11 Loading island emergency systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
3.7.12 Automated shutdown valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
3.8 Marine loading and unloading facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
3.8.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
3.8.2 Equipment at jetties and wharves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
3.8.3 Submarine petroleum pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
3.8.4 Protection against static electricity, lightning and electric currents . . . . . . 66
3.8.5 Vapour recovery systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
3.9 Vapour recovery and handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
3.9.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
3.9.2 Flame arresters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

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3.9.3 Design considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

3.9.4 Vapour holding tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
3.9.5 Vapour blower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
3.9.6 Storage tank balancing systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
3.9.7 VRU reclaimed product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
3.9.8 Impact of gasoline-alcohol blends on VRUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
3.10 Additive injection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
3.10.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
3.10.2 Point of injection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
3.11 Blending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
3.12 Biofuel blending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
3.13 Package filling and package storage buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
3.13.1 General construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
3.13.2 Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
3.13.3 Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
3.13.4 Service doors, windows and skylights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
3.13.5 Packaging machinery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
3.14 Storage areas outside buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
3.14.1 Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
3.14.2 Spillage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
3.15 Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
3.15.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
3.15.2 Oil/water separators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
3.15.3 Tank water bottoms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
3.15.4 Loading island drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
3.16 Safety and directional signage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
3.17 Final project documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

4 Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
4.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
4.1.1 Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
4.1.2 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
4.1.3 Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
4.1.4 Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
4.1.5 Supervisory controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
4.2 Loading and unloading of road tankers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
4.2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
4.2.2 Use of a safe loading pass scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
4.2.3 Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
4.2.4 Emergency action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
4.3 Loading and unloading of railcars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
4.3.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
4.3.2 Loading procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
4.3.3 Discharge procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
4.3.4 Safety precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
4.3.5 Electrical earthing and electrical bonding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
4.3.6 Personnel safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
4.4 Transferring petroleum products to and from ships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
4.4.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
4.4.2 Testing of safety systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
4.4.3 Examination of pipework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
4.5 Storage tank operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

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4.5.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
4.5.2 Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
4.5.3 Tank gauging and sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
4.5.4 Drainage of water from tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
4.5.5 Floating roof tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
4.5.6 Internal floating covers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
4.5.7 Ethanol storage and handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
4.5.8 FAME/diesel storage and handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
4.5.9 Precautions to avoid static charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
4.5.10 Drainage of tank compounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
4.5.11 Precautions to be taken with tanks connected to vapour balancing
systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
4.6 Vapour recovery systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
4.6.1 Vapour recovery system checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
4.6.2 Vapour recovery units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
4.6.3 VRU maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
4.7 Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
4.7.1 Inspection and testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
4.7.2 Pump operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
4.7.3 Pump glands and seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
4.7.4 Suction conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
4.8 Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
4.8.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
4.8.2 Multi-product pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
4.8.3 Procedures for fuel transfer by pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
4.8.4 Operator responsibilities in pipeline receipt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
4.8.5 Line clearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
4.8.6 Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
4.9 Packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
4.9.1 Cleaning and gas-freeing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
4.9.2 Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
4.9.3 Filling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
4.9.4 Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
4.9.5 Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
4.9.6 Mechanical handling equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
4.9.7 Fork lift trucks, power trolleys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
4.10 General facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
4.10.1 Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
4.10.2 Hot oil heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
4.10.3 Compressed air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
4.10.4 Oil/water separators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
4.10.5 Additive injection equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
4.11 Emergency procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
4.11.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
4.11.2 Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
4.11.3 Accidents involving road tankers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
4.11.4 Spillages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
4.11.5 Contamination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
4.11.6 Personal injury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
4.11.7 Emergency exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

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5 Fire protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

5.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
5.1.1 Ethanol fires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
5.1.2 Tank overflow detection for fire prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

6 Maintenance and modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

6.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
6.1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
6.1.2 Maintenance, planning and control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
6.1.3 Management of changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
6.1.4 Safe systems of work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
6.2 Safety of work on site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
6.2.1 Assessment of extent of hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
6.2.2 Safety precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
6.2.3 Safety distances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
6.2.4 Hot work in or near hazardous areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
6.2.5 Fire precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
6.2.6 Confined space entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
6.3 Repairs, alterations, tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
6.3.1 Detailed instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
6.3.2 Tanks and vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
6.3.3 Pipelines, pumps, valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
6.3.4 Electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
6.3.5 Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
6.3.6 Work on equipment in operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
6.3.7 Removal of equipment to workshops or outside the installation . . . . . . 113
6.4 Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
6.4.1 Planning and supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
6.4.2 Temporary personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
6.5 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

7 Tank cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

7.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
7.2 Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
7.3 Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
7.4 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

8 Closure, decommissioning and demolition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

8.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
8.2 Closure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
8.3 Decommissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
8.3.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
8.3.2 Risk assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
8.3.3 Tankage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
8.3.4 Pipelines and pipework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
8.3.5 Additive systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
8.3.6 Electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
8.3.7 Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
8.3.8 Soil and groundwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
8.4 Demolition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
8.4.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
8.4.2 Site safety supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

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8.4.3 Method statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

8.4.4 Demolition contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

9 Health, welfare and protection of personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

9.1 General responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
9.1.1 Management responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
9.1.2 Employees’ responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
9.2 Specific responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
9.2.1 Health and safety policy statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
9.2.2 Protection of employees and others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
9.2.3 Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
9.2.4 Protection of workers from the risk of explosive atmospheres . . . . . . . . 121
9.2.5 Arrangements to deal with accidents, incidents and emergencies . . . . . 124
9.3 Guidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
9.4 Visitors to site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

10 Training and competence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

10.1 Training requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
10.2 Training subjects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
10.3 Training records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
10.4 Roles, responsibilities and competence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

Annexes:
Annex A Glossary of terms & Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
A.1 Glossary of terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
A.2 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Annex B Recommended minimum separation distances for installations handling Class I, II
(2) and III (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Annex C Recommended list of records to be maintained at distribution installations . . . . . . 141
C.1 Statutory notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
C.2 Construction records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
C.3 Operational records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Annex D Classes and characteristics of petroleum products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Annex E Personal protective equipment requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
E.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
E.2 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
E.3 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
E.4 Precautions in use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Annex F References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

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 MODEL CODE OF SAFE PRACTICE PART 2: DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF PETROLEUM DISTRIBUTION INSTALLATIONS

FOREWORD

EI Model Code of Safe Practice Part 2: Design, construction and operation of petroleum
distribution installations has been developed to provide guidance and good practice in the
layout, design and construction of distribution installations and their equipment. It also
provides certain information on the operation of such installations, but is not intended to be
comprehensive in this regard.

This Model Code provides recommendations and good practice. It is stressed that design
and construction of plant and equipment should be carried out by experienced people and
that, in making provisions for safety, due consideration should be given to the effect of any
unusual circumstances, on which it is impossible to generalise. It is not intended that the
recommendations in this Model Code should be applied rigidly to existing premises, where
for a variety of reasons it may not be practicable to implement them.

It is primarily intended for use by those involved in the layout, design, construction and
operation of new distribution installations, and those undergoing significant redevelopment.

It is not meant to be a definitive guide to risk assessment techniques which are required within
the context of the planning, design and construction stages of distribution installations. It
assumes the reader has experience in this area and, when required, should follow up on the
references given for risk assessment methodologies in the relevant sections.

Whilst written in the context of the United Kingdom (UK) legislative and regulatory framework,
the principles set out in this publication can be similarly applied in other countries, providing
national and local statutory requirements are complied with. Where the requirements differ,
the more stringent should be adopted. A similar legislative and regulatory framework
generally applies elsewhere in the European Community.

Key technical changes in the fourth edition of this Model Code have been made in response
to the publication of HSE Safety and Environmental standards for fuel storage sites1. This was
the final report of the Process Safety Leadership Group (PSLG), convened to drive forward
standards in process safety leadership and to complete the implementation of the Buncefield
Major Incident Investigation Board's (MIIB) recommendations. The main purpose of this report
was to specify minimum standards of control which should be in place at all installations
storing large volumes of gasoline; however, recommendations can be inferred for the storage
of all hydrocarbon products. For existing facilities, a review should be undertaken against the
guidance in this Model Code for ‘in scope gasoline’ tanks.

Another key technical change is the inclusion of guidance on the storage and handling of
ethanol (as a blending component) and guidance on the storage and handling of diesel
containing Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME).

A number of research projects are currently under way in response to publication of the PSLG
Final Report, which highlighted areas of uncertainty with respect to large scale evaporating
hydrocarbon cascades. Reports detailing the findings of this research may provide further
guidance; however, no definitive recommendations have been developed from this research
so far which can be included in this Model Code.

1 http://www.hse.gov.uk/comah/buncefield/fuel-storage-sites.pdf

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The guidance in this Model Code should be considered as good practice. Operators of
distribution installations should adopt good practice measures so far as is reasonably
practicable. In the HSE publication Assessing compliance with the law in individual cases and
the use of good practice, it states:

‘When reviewing health or safety measures on an existing plant, installation or

situation (such as when considering retrofitting, safety reviews or upgrades), duty-holders
should compare existing measures against current good practice. The good practice
measures set out should be adopted so far as is reasonably practicable. It might not be
reasonably practicable to apply retrospectively to existing plant, for example, all the good
practice expected for new plant. However, there may still be ways to reduce the risk, e.g. by
partial solutions, alternative measures etc.’

Although it is anticipated that following this publication will assist those involved in the layout,
design, construction and operation of distribution terminals, the information contained in
this publication is provided as guidance only. While every reasonable care has been taken
to ensure the accuracy of its contents, the EI cannot accept any responsibility for any action
taken, or not taken, on the basis of this information. The EI shall not be liable to any person
for any loss or damage which may arise from the use of any of the information contained in
any of its publications.

The above disclaimer is not intended to restrict or exclude liability for death or personal injury
caused by own negligence.

Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Technical Department, Energy
Institute, 61 New Cavendish Street, London, W1G 7AR (e: [email protected]).

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The fourth edition of this Model Code has been prepared by Paul Atherton (Consultant), at
the request of the EI’s Distribution and Marketing Committee (DMC). It was subsequently
reviewed and amended by the DMC before being published.

It was reviewed by members of the DMC, at the time of project initiation comprising:

Tony Brown Federation of Petroleum Suppliers

Peter Davidson UKPIA
Dave De Halle Phillips 66 Limited
Ian Goldsworthy Valero Energy Ltd
Robert Harris Amber Engineering Consultants Ltd
Phil Lambeth BP Oil UK Limited
Rex May BP Oil UK Limited
Alec O’Beirne JOB Training & Consulting Ltd
Marc Palmer ExxonMobil Ltd
Jonathan Silk Tank Storage Association (Vopak)
Brian Smithers Consultant
Andrew Sykes Energy Institute
Terry Williams TOTAL UK Ltd

The EI wishes to record its appreciation of the work carried out by them, and to the other
individuals in industry who provided comments and feedback during the update to this
Model Code. In particular, the following individuals, in addition to DMC members, assisted in
drafting the guidance on buried and mounded tanks:

Matt Dearnley Phillips 66 Limited

Tony Lewis Oil and Pipelines Agency

Technical editing and project coordination was undertaken by Andrew Sykes (Energy Institute).

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 MODEL CODE OF SAFE PRACTICE PART 2: DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF PETROLEUM DISTRIBUTION INSTALLATIONS

1 SCOPE

1.1 OBJECT

The object of this Model Code is to provide guidance on the design, construction, operation,
maintenance and decommissioning of facilities at petroleum distribution installations.
It is not intended to preclude the use of alternative designs, materials and methods
where these provide equivalent standards of operation.

1.2 INCLUSIONS

This Model Code covers the receipt, storage and handling of petroleum products at all
locations and should be read in conjunction with the UK Health and Safety Executive (HSE)
publications HSG 51 The storage of flammable liquids in containers, HSG 176 The storage
of flammable liquids in tanks and HSG 186 The bulk transfer of dangerous liquids and
gases between ship and shore, and the Process Safety Leadership Group (PSLG) Safety and
Environmental standards for fuel storage sites (PSLG Final Report) or their equivalent in other
countries.

1.3 EXCLUSIONS

This Model Code does not cover retail filling stations, facilities for the storage of liquefied
petroleum gas (LPG) and bitumen, systems for the piped distribution and associated storage
of heating oil and certain aspects of fuel storage at airports: technical guidance for these
facilities/operations is provided in other EI publications (see Annex F).

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