1.

Pregunta 1
[Q#5501]

Watch the following video: Hans Rosling: The Magic Washing Machine (TED Talk). Hans
Rosling, the presenter, is a demographer. He points out that population will increase by 2
billion by 2050, but he makes the argument that energy needs will double from today. Why
does he say this? Check any and all that apply.

1 punto

Richer people will have less kids.

Richer people will eat less carbohydrates.

Richer people will use less efficient labor-saving devices.

Richer people will eat more meat.

Richer people will use labor-saving, but energy-using devices.

Richer people will have more kids.

Richer people will cook less with wood stoves.

2.
Pregunta 2
[Q#5502]

According to the speaker in the video from Question 1, the average person who is in the
richest billion (more than $80 per day) uses how much more energy than the average person
in the poorest 2 billion (less than $2 per day) in 2010?

1 punto

About 3 times more

About 12 times moreSIIIIIII

About twice as much NOOOO

About the same

About 6 times more

3.
Pregunta 3
[Q#5504]

Watch the following video, Stewart Brand: 4 Environmental 'Heresies' (TED Talk), in particular
focusing on the part between 9:00 and 12:40, in which the speaker talks about nuclear energy.
(The whole thing is interesting, and don’t miss the train video at 6:00 – incredible). List some
advantages of nuclear energy, as suggested by the speaker (check all that apply).

1 punto

Nuclear energy can be useful with existing technology.

Nuclear power is cost competitive.

Mined uranium is a secure energy source for nuclear energy production.

Nuclear energy produces few sulfate aerosols.

Nuclear energy is a sustainable energy source.

Secure storage sites for nuclear waste exist.

Nuclear energy produces a small amount of controllable waste.

Nuclear energy produces relativity little carbon dioxide.

Nuclear power is energy dense, so is useful for transport systems.

4.
Pregunta 4
[Q#5505]

What are some problems with renewable energy, as suggested by the speaker in the video
from Question 3 (check all that apply)?

1 punto

Hydropower has too large a carbon footprint.

Wind and solar power can’t be easily stored, and so can’t provide baseload electricity.

Solar power will never be enough for industrialized countries.

Hydropower doesn’t have scope to increase.

Baseload electricity requires large infrastructure that renewable energy cannot provide.

Wind power takes up too much land area.

Acuerdo de Código de honor

EXAMEN MODULO 555555555555555555555
1.
Pregunta 1
The Green Revolution led to large increases in crop yields. True or false?

1 punto

False

True SIIIII

2.
Pregunta 2
Today, millions of people have consumed food made from genetically modified plants. True or
false?

1 punto

True SIIIII

False

3.
Pregunta 3
Which of the following is a major storage component of the hydrologic system?

1 punto

Ocean evaporationNOOOO

Terrestrial precipitation

Ice sheets and glaciers SIIIIIIII

Irrigation
Subsurface runoff

4.
Pregunta 4
Which of the following describes a water flux in the hydrologic system?

1 punto

The precipitation of water over land SIIIIII

The contamination of groundwater by salt leaching

A flat-lying water table

The existence of an aquifer in the subsurface

A stagnant lake in the mountains

5.
Pregunta 5
Which of the following is an important driver in the hydrologic cycle?

1 punto

Trade

SunlightSIIIIIIII

Capital investment

The Milankovitch Cycle

Aquifers

6.
Pregunta 6
Over the last decade, food production has __________________.

1 punto

been decreasing in the Northern hemisphere and increasing in the Southern

hemisphereNOOO

been stable globally

decreased globally NOOOO

been equally increasing, decreasing, and stable, depending on the country

increased globally

7.
Pregunta 7
What is a known disadvantage of the production and/or use of biofuels?

1 punto

It increases global food prices.SIIIIII

It increases the United States fuel prices.

It increases the amount of carbon dioxide produced.

It decreases genetic variability.

It decreases the demand for liquid fuels.

8.
Pregunta 8
Which of the following statements about soil is true?

1 punto

Soil loss has been negligible over the 20th century.NOOOO

Soil is being lost at an accelerating rate in the United States.NOO

No-till agriculture is increasing the rate of soil loss in China.

No-till agriculture is reducing the rate of soil loss in the United States.

Soil is being used sustainably in most countries, including China and the US.

9.
Pregunta 9
Virtual water is _________________.

1 punto

tradable online

embedded in traded products

a problem that arises from unsustainable water useNOOO

All of the other options are correct.NOOO

a contributor to water stress

10.
Pregunta 10
Why might pollution lead to water stress?

1 punto

Contamination might lower the cost of water.NOOOO

Contamination implies that incoming fluxes decrease relative to outgoing fluxes.NOOO

Contamination implies that use outstrips supply.

Contamination lowers the water table.

Contamination implies that sources have limited use.

11.
Pregunta 11
I have developed a new genetically modified strain of rice that is resistant to herbicides.
According to the precautionary principle, I should not sell the seeds of this variety unless
__________________.

1 punto

it makes money for the farmers

it is used in the same place it was developed

it is shown to be safeSIIIIIII
a risk management study indicates that the benefits outweigh the costs

it is better than the alternative varieties according to a cost/benefit analysis

12.
Pregunta 12
Why is food production required to increase at a faster rate than population growth as a
consequence of increased economic wealth?

1 punto

Richer people tend to eat more meat.

Genetically modified food will cost less to make.NOOO

The number of people who are willing to farm will decrease.

There is increasing waste in the food system.NOOO

Organic food requires more inputs.

13.
Pregunta 13
Thanks to the original Green Revolution __________________.

1 punto

most US agriculture is now organic (does not use pesticides and herbicides)

the Malthusian catastrophe did not occur in the 20th century

the total number of malnourished people in the world is at its lowest point in two centuriesNO

food production yields have decreased globally

GMO agriculture was able to prevent famines in the 60s and 70s NOOO

14.
Pregunta 14
If access to water begins to limit the spread of high-yield agriculture so that global agricultural
yields stop increasing, what might we confidently predict will happen to food consumption,
based on current trends? Assume that the world population continues to increase.

1 punto

Carbohydrate consumption will continue to increase in the more developed economies.

Protein consumption will increase in most parts of the world.

Protein consumption will be unchanged in most parts of the world.

Carbohydrate consumption will continue to decrease in the more developed economies.

Protein consumption will decrease in most parts of the world.SIIIIIII

15.
Pregunta 15
Imagine that the high-yielding agriculture of developed countries quickly spreads to all
countries and that this rapidly increases the global average agricultural yield. Based on current
trends, we could confidently predict that this would _______________.

1 punto

reduce developed economy water use

reduced developing country water use NOOO

reduce global water use

significantly increase the average individual consumption of proteinNOOO

significantly increase the average individual consumption of carbohydrates

16.
Pregunta 16
Some philosophers of science argue that science cannot prove anything. If we take this
position and also wish to strictly apply the precautionary principle, what does this imply for new
technology?

1 punto

Only technologies that did not arise from scientific research could be allowed.

No new technologies could be allowed.

Only technologies with benefits that are higher than their costs could be allowed.NOO

Only technologies arising out of scientific research could be allowed.NOOO

Only technologies arising out of practice could be allowed.

17.
Pregunta 17
Imagine that future agricultural crops are genetically modified so that they require less water to
grow than current crops do. In this situation, we could confidently suggest that
________________________.

1 punto

the precautionary principle had been applied

the amount of proteins as a percentage of total calories will have declined relative to
todayNOO

the amount of imbedded water in meat will have declined relative to today NOO
rates of soil loss will be higher relative to today

total virtual water use will be higher than it would be without the change

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