NAME Raquel E.

Linao SCORE
YEAR/SECTIO BSHM-1A DATE March 20,2020
N

QUIZ # 2
Instructions:

Read carefully the situations given below, then determine the hazards and risks involved.
Given a chance to become one of the participants of each situation, what suggestions can you give to
mitigate the risks, if not entirely avoid it?

Situation 1
The Philippines is known for celebrating different festivities in honoring their patron saints and
as a symbol of religious beliefs. We have Santacruzan which is being held in most of our
country, Panagbenga Festival in Baguio, Sinulog in Cebu, and the River Festival in Bocaue,
Bulacan.

An annual celebration of the Bocaue River Festival is being held every first Sunday of July in
Bocaue, Bulacan in respect to the Holy Cross, the Mahal na Poon ng Krus sa Wawa, which was
found in the river in 1850. During the festival, the replica of the holy cross is placed at the top of
the decorated pagoda on a barge. Small boats accompanying it surround the pagoda.

On July 02, 1993, a fatal accident occurred during the Bocaue River Festival which involved
the sinking of pagoda causing the drowning of more than two hundred devotees. An estimated
eight hundred to one thousand devotees boarded the pagoda before it sank in the middle of the
Bocaue River between the barangays Bunlo and Bambang.

According to the report, a skyrocket flying towards the pagoda caused the many people to
react and forced them to move to one side of the barge. Many people on board panicked upon
hearing the noise of crackling timber. The pagoda collapsed and eventually sank to the riverbed.
Based on the different testimonies, the power generator of the pagoda was still operational when
it sank. Many people were believed to be electrocuted as well.

NOTE: You can add extra sheet if necessary.

HAZARDS RISK

● Skyrockets ● Drowning
● Barge durability ● Panic to the devotees
● Crackling timber ● Power generator causes electrocution
● Power generator ● Sinking of pagoda along with the
devotees
● Collapsed of the pagoda
● Not enough safety precautions
 Situation 2
A bus carrying twenty-five people (twenty tourists, four Filipinos, and a tour guide) going to
Rizal Park, Manila on August 23 was hijacked by Rolando Mendoza, a disgruntled former PNP
officer. Mendoza had demanded a fair hearing to defend himself as he was claiming to have
been unfairly
WHAT dismissed
SUGGESTIONS CANfrom his GIVE
YOU service.
TO MITIGATE THE RISKS, IF NOT ENTIRELY AVOID IT?

The whole negotiation process was broadcast live on television. It broke down dramatically
into stand-off
Safety of everyfor about ten
individual hours.
should beThe
the police
prioritydecided to arrest
at all cost, safetythe
is abrother of the former
must. During police
this kind of
officer, thus forcing the latter to open fire. The bus driver took it a chance to escape, and he
occasions or celebrations the things that will be needed should make sure that is durable and
declared "everyone is dead" before he was taken away by the policemen. Mendoza, along with
strong enough to hold such a huge numbers of passengers. Accidents are unpredictable so
other eight hostages was killed, and several others were injured after the gun battle for ninety
therefore passengers should be well oriented and prepared. They should enforce a limit in
minutes.
related with the capacity of the barge to make sure that everything will be smooth as possible.
Every individual
The should
investigators be accountable
concluded with the
that Philippine responsibilities.
officials poorly handled the situation which caused
the death of eight hostages and injuries to some others. The Manila Police District (MPD) was
widely criticized as incompetent. This crisis led to the Hong Kong Government's issuance of
black travel alert for the Philippines.

NOTE: You can add extra sheet if necessary.

HAZARDS RISK

● Hostage taking ● Black travel alert

 ● Emotional state of the hijacker ● Casualties
● Armed officer ● Stay bullets
● Open fire ● A loss
● Arrestment of the officer's brother ● Hostages being shot
● Poor handling of the incident

WHAT SUGGESTIONS CAN YOU GIVE TO MITIGATE THE RISKS, IF NOT ENTIRELY AVOID IT?

They should have at least pay attention to rants and demands in order for him to feel sympathy
in a way that the casualties could be lessen and the hostages were not been harmed.
Communication is the key in this kind of situation, there shouldn't be people that surrounds the
area to lessen the injuries due to stray bullets. Another thing is they don't need to order open
fire since there is still hostages inside. They have to think wisely enough of their actions like
what happened they arrested the officer's brother that only worsen the situation.

Situation 3
Resorts World Manila is an entertainment complex located in Pasay, Metro Manila,
Philippines. Dozens of people were killed on the said entertainment complex on June 02, 2017
when a confused gunman set fire to casino tables and slot machines around midnight causing a
stampede. Casino chips were stolen from the venue when the gunman moved to the storage
room. The gunman killed himself after the confrontation with the arriving police. All the deaths
and injuries were results of the initial stampede and smoke suffocation from the fire, and not
directly from the gunman.

The Resorts World Manila management had admitted lapse of security in one of the house
probes as some security personnel were not in the posting area when the attacker entered the
casino. They countered, however, through their President that they were able to execute
emergency protocol which led to the evacuation of thousands of people from the establishment.
It was pointed out that there were thirteen fire exits on the second floor of the casino, nine of
which are in the gaming area. People have decided to stay put although the outside area is
already burning on the belief that it would be more dangerous to go out as they thought there
were many gunmen.

It was discovered during one of the probes that the credentials and pieces of training of the
security chief of the Resorts World Manila were questionable. It must be noted that before the
crisis, the PAGCOR had issued a security advisory to its licensee casinos to provide additional
precautionary measures in the wake of recent terrorist incidents and the martial law declaration
in Mindanao.
NOTE: You can add extra sheet if necessary.
HAZARDS RISK

● Stampede ● Casualties
● Smoke suffocation ● Injuries
● Gunman ● Life at risk
● Lapse of security ● Communication failure
● Fire
● Lack of coordination
● Questionable credentials of the security
chief
WHAT SUGGESTIONS CAN YOU GIVE TO MITIGATE THE RISKS, IF NOT ENTIRELY AVOID IT?

Prioritize the improvement of the coordination of the assigned security team to avoid incidents
like this they should implement high security system in this kind of establishment. Proper
training and orientation to the personnels is a must along with the other staffs and employees of
the establishment so that they are able to assist other people in case of emergency also to avoid
panic and stampede. Coordination and communication should not be absent to know the
possible things to do.

Situation 4
On December 20, 1987, MV Dona Paz, a Philippine-registered passenger ferry sank after it
had collided with MT Vector, an oil tanker. It was considered as the deadliest peacetime
maritime disaster in the Philippine history as it had an estimated death toll of 4,386 people and
only 24 survivors.

The following were considered as essential pieces of the story based on reports and
testimonies of the survivors:
1. The MV Dona Paz was then en route to Manila from Leyte island. It was overcrowded, with at
least two thousand passengers not listed on the records. It was also discovered that the ship
carried no radio and the life-jackets were locked away.

2. The officials of MV Dona Paz, however, contended that it was Vector that should have been
blamed. According to them, Vector was unseaworthy and operating without a license, lookout or
qualified master.

3. Based on the testimonies of the survivors, the weather at sea that night was clear, but the sea
was choppy.

4. Most of the passengers were sleeping when the Dona Paz collided with MT Vector, an oil
tanker en route from Bataan to Masbate. Vector was carrying 1,050,000 liters (8,800 US bbl) of
gasoline and other petroleum products owned by Caltex Philippines.

5. Vector's cargo ignited and spread the fire onto Doña Paz. It caused panic on the vessel.

6. The flames spread rapidly throughout the ship, and that the sea all around the ship itself was
on fire.

7. Minutes after the collision, lights on board went out. No life vests to be found on Dona Paz and
all the crewmen were at lost as they were all in panic. None of the crew attempted to pacify the
passengers as they were so confused as well.

8. The lifejacket lockers had been locked based on the investigation.

9. The survivors were forced to jump off the ship and swim among charred bodies in flaming
waters, with some using suitcases as makeshift flotation devices.

10. Dona Paz sank within two hours after the collision.

11. Vector sank four hours after that.

12. Both the Dona Paz and Vector sank in the shark-infested Tablas Strait.
NOTE: You can add extra sheet if necessary.
HAZARDS RISK

● Absence of radio ● Identity confusion

● Locked life jackets ● Panic attacks
● Overcrowding of passengers ● Casualties
● Lack of license ● Drowning
● Lack of qualified master ● Fire
● Sinking of ferry
● Carriage of gasoline and petroleum
 ● Fire
● Loss of crewmen
● No records on the list

WHAT SUGGESTIONS CAN YOU GIVE TO MITIGATE THE RISKS, IF NOT ENTIRELY AVOID IT?

They've should perform proper protocols and follow safety guidelines from the first place. They
should consider the capacity of the ferry, they should not let the passengers aboard the ferry
without listing them on the record. Communication is the key which this situation lacks because
they don't have any means of communication since there is absence of radio and it really made
the situation worsen because the life jackets are not available during the incident. First thing
foremost proper and complete documents should provide and meet before operating.