Kirkuk University Journal /Scientific Studies (KUJSS)

Volume, Issue, 2018, pp. ( - )

ISSN –

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF HOME

SECURITY SYSTEM USING ZIGBEE & ARDUINO
CONTROLLER WITH SENSORS

Mohammed F. Abdulqader
Department of Electrical, College of Engineering, Kirkuk University, Kirkuk, Iraq
[email protected]

Received date: Accepted date:

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research is to design a home security system using Zigbee and
Arduino controllers with number of sensors. The security system is widely used at home,
institutes and factories. Zigbee is a communication protocol which is based on “IEEE
802.15.4 standard”. The physical and medium access control layers are defined by this
standard. Three communication topology type are supported by Zigbee; they are: mesh, star
and tree. Zigbee technology is characterized as having a low data rate, low power
consumption and low cost. Arduino platform has good specifications, cheap, easy to use and
wide varieties of shields have been emerged with many different purposes such as; Ethernet
and GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) support available.
This study utilizes motion, gas and temperature sensors as the end device for detecting
any intruder, gas or fire. Two Zigbee devices are used; one of them is used as a transmitter
and the other as a receiver. Receiver coupled to the Arduino UNO and connected by wire to a
computer to show the output using graphical user interface; also, Arduino Uno is connected to
a bluetooth module to show the output on a smart phone.
The results show that the designed system can send and receive data up to 100 meters of
distance between Zigbee sides (receiver – transmitter). The home security system using
Zigbee and Arduino controllers with sensors has been successfully designed and
implemented.

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 ‫)‪Kirkuk University Journal /Scientific Studies (KUJSS‬‬
‫) ‪Volume, Issue, 2018, pp. ( -‬‬
‫– ‪ISSN‬‬

‫‪Keywords: Zigbee, Arduino, motion sensor, gas sensor, temperature sensor.‬‬

‫تصميم وتنفيذ نظام األمن المنزلي بإستخدام ُمتحكمي الزيجبي‬

‫واألردينو مع أجهزة اإلستشعار‬

‫محمد فخرالدين عبدالقادر‬

‫قسم الكهرباء‪ / ،‬كلية الهندسة‪ ،‬جامعة كركوك‪ ،‬كركوك‪ ،‬العراق‬

‫‪[email protected]‬‬

‫تاريخ القبول‬ ‫‪:‬تاريخ االستالم‪:‬‬

‫الملخص‬

‫الغرض من هذا البحث هو تصميم نظام أمن منزلي بإستخدام أجهزة التحكم الزيجبي واألردينو مع ع**دد من أجه*زة‬

‫اإلستش*عار‪ .‬يس*تخدم النظ*ام األم*ني على نط*اق واس**ع في المن**ازل والمؤسس*ات والمص*انع‪ .‬زيج*بي ه**و بروتوك**ول اتص*ال‬

‫يس **تند إلى "معي **ار ‪ "IEEE 802.15.4‬ال **ذي يتم تعري **ف طبق **ات التحكم في الوص **ول المادي **ة والمتوس **طة بواس **طة ه **ذه‬

‫المواصفة القياسية‪ .‬ويدعم زيجبي ثالث*ة أن*واع طبولوجي*ا االتص*ال‪ .‬هم‪ :‬مش ‪ ،‬نجم*ة وش*جرة‪ .‬وتتم*يز تقني*ة زيج*بي بأنه*ا‬

‫ذات معدل بيانات منخفض واستهالك منخفض للطاقة وتكلفة منخفضة‪ .‬منصة اردوينو لديها مواصفات جيدة ‪ ،‬ورخيصة‬

‫‪ ،‬وس**هلة االس**تخدام ‪ ،‬وق**د ظه**رت أص**ناف واس**عة من ال**دروع م**ع العدي**د من األغ**راض المختلف**ة مث**ل ؛ دعم إي**ثرنت و‬

‫‪( GSM‬النظام العالمي لالتصاالت المتنقلة) المتاح‪.‬‬

‫تس**تخدم ه**ذه الدراس**ة أجه**زة استش**عار الحرك**ة والغ**از ودرج**ة الح**رارة كجه**از نه**ائي لكش**ف أي دخي**ل أو غ**از أو‬

‫حري **ق‪ .‬يتم اس **تخدام جه **ازين زيج **بي ‪ ،‬واح **د منهم يس **تخدم كمرس **ل واآلخ **ر كجه **از اس **تقبال‪ .‬اس **تقبال إلى ‪Arduino‬‬

‫‪ UNO‬ومتص *الً بالس**لك إلى كم**بيوتر إلظه**ار اإلخ**راج باس**تخدام واجه**ة المس**تخدم الرس**ومية ؛ أيض**ا ‪ ،‬متص**ل اردوين**و‬

‫أونو إلى وحدة بلوتوث إلظهار اإلخ*راج على اله*اتف ال*ذكي‪ .‬وأظه**رت النت**ائج أن النظ*ام المص**مم يمكن*ه إرس*ال واس*تالم‬

‫بيان*ات تص*ل إلى ‪ 100‬م*تر من المس*افة بين ج*انبي زيج**بي (جه*از االس**تقبال ‪ -‬المرس*ل)‪ .‬تم بنج*اح تص**ميم وتنفي**ذ نظ*ام‬

‫أمن المنزل باستخدام أجهزة التحكم الزيجبي واألردينو مع أجهزة االستشعار‪.‬‬

‫‪Web Site: www.uokirkuk.edu.iq/kujss E-mail: [email protected]‬‬

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 Kirkuk University Journal /Scientific Studies (KUJSS)
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.‫ مستشعر درجة الحرارة‬، ‫ مستشعر الغاز‬، ‫ جهاز استشعار الحركة‬، ‫ اردوينو‬، ‫ زيجبي‬:‫الكلمات الدالة‬

1. Introduction
Home security is a worldwide concerned issue. The security system has been enhanced
through applying various ways, for example, by employing many security officers, using
innovative weapons, alarms, control system, producing electronic hardware and software and
many more, currently, many studies on smart systems of home have been carried out covering
all aspects; for instance, multimedia, lighting, security monitoring, temperature control …
etc., in a smart system of home, the tendency is towards the use of an automated system
helping users to monitor the situation of home; accordingly, simplifying and accelerating
daily works. Hence, the effects of human errors can be avoided by utilizing automatic systems
and then saving electricity [1]. The advantages of using Zigbee & Arduino controllers
providing low data rate transmission, low energy consumption, ease in setting up the network
and low costs together with smaller sensor size. Zigbee is the most widely deployed
enhancement to the IEEE 802.15.4 standard where the organization maintains, supports, and
develops more protocols for advanced applications in defining additional communication
features [2]. The enhancements consist of authentication with valid nodes, encryption for
security and data routing that allows mesh networking. With Zigbee, all nodes are able to
communicate with each other and can be handled by a single Zigbee, wirelessly. Zigbee
devices are restricted through a rate of 250 Kbps that make it suitable for low data rate
transmission. Zigbee has many advantages; for example, its battery can stay up to few months
depending on applications, making it perfect for install and forget devices such as small
household systems [3]. Arduino is an open-source platform used for building electronics
projects. Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit board (often referred to as
a microcontroller) and a piece of software, or IDE (Integrated Development Environment)
that runs on your computer, used to write and upload computer code to the physical board [4].
This paper presents the development and implementation of a low cost system for home
security using two type of controllers (Zigbee & Arduino) and microcontroller development
board connected with three sensors, buzzers, display unit, Bluetooth devices and GUI
(Graphical User Interface). The system proposed is analyzed in terms of detectable range and
results to prove that the system is able to work perfectly for indoor environments and up to
100 meters of distance between the transmitter and the receiver. The rest of this paper is

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organized as follows; section 2 describes the methodology and approach, software and
hardware configuration and the experiment setup of the home security system using (Zigbee
& Arduino), followed by the results in section 3, then the discussion in section 4, in section 5,
the author concludes the findings of the paper. Finally, he illustrates the future work in section
6.

1.1. Statement of Problem

The system of security monitoring involves data transmission system, fast receiving data
and accurate at a certain distance to facilitate placing devices freely at significant locations for
the receiver of data display. This means that this system has to be transportable and used
easily. Concerning display system, it should be straight forward and understandable enabling
users to take important immediate action. The system should not be hacked by any person,
regardless of different ways comprising: on input source power, data transmission content,
receiving data content and the location of main processor of security sensor device [3]. Also,
there is a number of important characteristics that must be contained in this system, including:
resistance to water and high temperature and durable to avoid failure of transmission and
receiving processes of data. There are some problems exist in several security systems
concerning the use of sensor devices. Limitations in the security system will be caused by
these problems. Inevitably, extensive use of sensors is required for home security system due
to their importance in security systems. Sensors should be sensitive to human motion and
working on the most appropriate range, i.e., not too close or too far, to detect movement. In
addition, they must be consistent with the human nature [5], [6]. According to this situation, a
new intelligent household monitoring system designed in this research. Several high-precision
wireless sensor terminal nodes are adopted with Zigbee protocol. On the basis of “Open
System Interconnection (OSI) model”, Zigbee protocol had been developed and built on
“IEEE standard 802.15.4” which defines “the physical and Medium Access Control (MAC)
layers” [7]. Three communication topologies types are supported by Zigbee, they are: star,
tree and mesh topologies. Operation of Zigbee wireless device requires very-low power
consumption making it the most preferable wireless device to be used in Wireless Sensor
Network (WSN). Zigbee has multi-hop capability of communication; therefore, it provides an
unlimited communication range [8].

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1.2. Limitations of the Existing System

- Most of earlier systems have used star topology. This topology consists of a central node to
which all other nodes are connected. But if the central node fails then the entire system is
affected [1].
- The remote station of monitoring is represented by GUI, while the controlling device is
represented by microcontroller. Though monitoring and controlling of devices can be done
remotely from any part of the world wherever Internet access is available, additional cost is
incurred by this system because of computer requirement [6].
- Supplier dependency due to the need of using separate systems for different appliances of
companies [8].

2. Methodology and Approach

The basic flowchart of research methodology and approach is shown in Fig. 1. This
research comprises two parts, namely hardware and software. The implementation of
hardware requires designing research circuit and the development of a PCB.
The implementation of software involves code writing besides programming the “Arduino
and Zigbee”. After completing both parts, the next process is to test and debug the system.
The block diagram of the proposed security system of home is shown in Fig. 2.
This block diagram comprises two sides, namely transmitter and receiver. A WSN standard
is used to connect all components. When the sensor detects any change it sends a signal to the
controller (Arduino Mega) which analyzes this signal and transmits it to the second controller
(Arduino Uno) wirelessly using Zigbee. After that, the Arduino Uno transmits the data to the
GUI.

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tratS

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nilipmoc dna gnimmargorp gnitirW noitcennoc cisab
oniudr A ot margorp eht
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dnE atad yalpsiD

Fig. 1 Flowchart of Methodology.

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Volume, Issue, 2018, pp. ( - )
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Fig. 2 Block Diagram of Home Security System

.Transmitter Side, (b) Receiver Side )a(

2.1. Hardware implementation

This section discusses the design and function of components connected to Arduino for
constructing the security system. Moreover, it describes the process of making the circuitry
connection between microcontroller and components.

 Hardware Circuit:
1. PIR Sensor:
The PIR (Passive Infrared) sensors allow you to sense motion, almost always used to
detect whether a human has moved in or out of the sensors range. They are small,
inexpensive, low-power, easy to use and don't wear out. For that reason they are commonly
found in appliances and gadgets used in homes or businesses. They are often referred to as
"Pyroelectric", or "IR motion" sensors. PIR are basically made of a pyroelectric sensor, which
can detect levels of infrared radiation. Everything emits some low level radiation, and the
hotter something is, the more radiation is emitted. The sensor in a motion detector is actually
split in two halves. The reason for that is that we are looking to detect motion (change) not
average IR levels. The two halves are wired up so that they cancel each other out. If one half
sees more or less IR radiation than the other, the output will swing high or low.

- PIR Sensor Features:

 Wide range on input voltage varying from 4.V to 12V (+5V recommended).
 Output voltage is High/Low (3.3V TTL).
 Can distinguish between object movement and human movement.
 Has to operating modes – Repeatable (H) and Non- Repeatable (H).
 Cover distance of about 120° and 7 meters.
 Low power consumption of 65mA.
 Operating temperature from -20° to +80° Celsius.

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The PIR sensor itself has two slots in it, each slot is made of a special material that is
sensitive to IR. The lens used here is not really doing much and so we see that the two slots
can 'see' out past some distance (basically the sensitivity of the sensor). When the sensor is
idle, both slots detect the same amount of IR, the ambient amount radiated from the room or
walls or outdoors. When
a warm body like a human or
animal passes by, it first
intercepts one half of the PIR
sensor, which causes a
positive differential
change between the
two halves. When the warm
body leaves the sensing area, the reverse happens, whereby the sensor generates a negative
differential change. These change pulses are what is detected [9], as shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 How PIR Sensor Work.

PIR sensor’s circuit diagram is shown in Fig. 4. This sensor has three pins, they are:
“reference voltage pin (VCC)”, “ground pin (GND)” and the “output voltage pin”. Connect
pin (VCC) with 5V, ground to ground and connect the output to a digital input pin.

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Fig. 4 Circuit Diagram for PIR Sensor.

2. Gas Sensor:
Electrochemical gas sensors are gas detectors that measure the concentration of a target gas
by oxidizing or reducing the target gas at an electrode and measuring the resulting current.
The sensors contain two or three electrodes, occasionally four, in contact with an electrolyte.
The electrodes are typically fabricated by fixing a high surface area precious metal on to the
porous hydrophobic membrane. The working electrode contacts both the electrolyte and the
ambient air to be monitored usually via a porous membrane. The electrolyte most commonly
used is a mineral acid, but organic electrolytes are also used for some sensors. The electrodes
and housing are usually in a plastic housing which contains a gas entry hole for the gas and
electrical contacts.
The gas sensor’s circuit diagram is shown in Fig. 5. This sensor has three pins, namely:
“reference voltage pin (VCC)”, “ground pin (GND)” and the “output voltage pin”. Connect
pin (VCC) with 5V, ground to ground and connect the output to an anlage pin. RL is
adjustable resistance.

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Fig. 5 Circuit Diagram for Gas Sensor.

3. NTC Thermistor Sensor:
NTC stands for (Negative Temperature Coefficient). NTC thermistors are resistors with a
negative temperature coefficient, which means that the resistance decreases with increasing
temperature. They are primarily used as resistive temperature sensors and current-limiting
devices. The temperature sensitivity coefficient is about five times greater than that of silicon
temperature sensors and about ten times greater than those of resistance temperature detectors
(RTDs). NTC sensors are typically used in a range from −55°C to 200°C. The non-linearity of
the relationship between resistance and temperature exhibited by NTC resistors posed a great
challenge when using analog circuits to accurately measure temperature, but rapid
development of digital circuits solved that problem enabling computation of precise values by
interpolating lookup tables or by solving equations which approximate a typical NTC curve.

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The circuit diagram of NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) Sensor shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 6 Circuit Diagram for NTC Thermistor Sensor.

4. Buzzer:
Buzzer is an audio signaling device. The typical uses of buzzers are for alarms, timers and
confirmation of user input such as a mouse click or keystroke. The project used an electronic
type of buzzer which is a piezoelectric element that driven by an Arduino microcontroller
signals.

2.2. The development of Circuit Board

This research utilized donut board. Before connecting all components on the board, and for
the purpose of ensuring the functional connection between each component, bread board was

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used in this research. Donut board was not connected to each hole as in the strip board. For
making the connection, solder method was employed to connect all components. The
development circuit diagram is shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 7 The Development Circuit Diagram.

2.3. Hex Keypad
Hex key pad is essentially a collection of 16 keys arranged in the form of a 4×4 matrix.
Hex key pad usually have keys representing numeric 0 to 9 and characters A to F. The hex
keypad has 8 communication lines namely R1, R2, R3, R4, C1, C2, C3 and C4.  R1 to R4
represents the four rows and C1 to C4 represents the four columns. When a particular key is
pressed the corresponding row and column to which the terminals of the key are connected
gets shorted. For example if key 1 is pressed row R1 and column C1 gets shorted and so on.
The program identifies which key is pressed by a method known as column scanning. In this

method a particular row is kept low (other rows are kept high) and the columns are checked

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for low. If a particular column is found low then that means that the key connected between
that column and the corresponding row (the row that is kept low) is been pressed. For
example if  row R1 is initially kept low and column C1 is found low during scanning, that
means key 1 is pressed. The simplified diagram of a typical hex keypad is shown in Fig. 8.

Fig. 8 Hex Keypad.

2.4. Bluetooth
Module
Bluetooth is a
standardized protocol for
sending and receiving data
via a 2.4 GHz wireless link.
It’s a perfect for short-range,
wireless transmissions between electronic devices.

2.5. Software Implementation

This section discusses the methodology to interface the sensor and hardware module. The
most significant part is to enable the analog sensor to send analog data to Arduino, and then to
transfer data to the GUI.

2.6. Programming of Arduino

Programming of Arduino is the core of current research because Arduino controls all the
data from sensors to the GUI and alarm system. Arduino programming language (based
on Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE) “Integrated Development Environment”, based

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on processing. Processing is an open source computer programming language and IDE.

Processing is built for new media art, the electronic arts, and visual design communities for
teaching computer programming fundamentals in a visual context, and to function as the
foundation for electronic sketchbooks. Java language is the basis of processing language [10].
Fig. 9 show the flowchart for Arduino programming for any sensor in system.

Start

Defi ne and initiate

Input variables

Switch to
Active
System No

Yes

Yes Sensor
Turn on Alarm
Detect
No

Enter
Password
times 3
Detect No detect
=
Pass word
False

True

Send data to
Graphical User
Turn off alarm
Interface

.Fig. 9 Flowchart for Arduino Programming for the Sensors in System

2.7. Zigbee Programming

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Zigbee connection diagram is shown in Fig. 10. To have successful transference of data
from Arduino, both Zigbee transmitter and receiver should be set up with the programming.
In order to read the port, “driver microchip 210x for USB port” should be installed in the
computer. Then, “XCTU software” is required to run the programming with Zigbee.

Fig. 10 Zigbee Connection to USB

Port.

2.8. Zigbee Programming:

The XCTU software is installed and executed in the computer, each COM for each Zigbee
must be tested by clicking on the button Test/Query as shown in Fig. 11. XCTU software is
support for programming and configuring Zigbee, WI-FI modules. After that a dialog box will
popped up to inform that the COM connection is successful. Fig.12 shows the result output
for Com test.

Fig. 11 Test the COM of Zigbee.

Fig. 12 Result Output for Com Test.

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The set up for the Zigbee data transfer is done by opening the modem configuration at the
up right corner of the window XCTU. This step is very important to make sure that the data
has been transfer to the exact location. There were four items that need to be considered. First
is PAN ID. This is to show the location number of the port. The value of the ID must be the
same. As shown in Fig. 13, the ID for this Zigbee is 111. Then set the destination address
high as 0 and the destination address low as FFFF. Serial interfacing will also be the most
important things in this step. As we set the bound rate at the Arduino at 9600, the interfacing
data rate also must be 9600.

Fig 13 Setting the Programming 1.

Fig. 14 show the interfacing data rate at 3 which is equal to 9600.

Fig. 14 Setting the Programming 2.

The last step is to test the connection between two Zigbee. As shown in Fig. 15, the writing in
blue color is the data transfer at COM40. Meanwhile, the red color in COM44 is the receiver

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and vice versa. Therefore, both of the Zigbee can be used as the receiver & transmitter
terminal.
Fig. 15 Test the Connection of Both Zigbee.
3. Results
The prototype of the home security system is presented and the performance analyses of
the sensors for various distances of the completed home security system using Zigbee &
Arduino controllers. As shown Fig. 16 & 17 the system consists of two parts as a transmitter
side consist of: power supply, hex keypad, two limit switches, TFT LCD, buzzer and three
sensors namely, motion detector circuit gas or fire detector and temperature detector,
connected to Arduino Mega. Motion, gas and temperature sensors as the end device for
detecting any intruder, gas or fire. Two Zigbee devices are used; one of them is used as a
transmitter and the other as a receiver. Receiver side consist of a Zigbee coupled to the
Arduino UNO and connected by wire to a computer to show the output using graphical user
interface; also, Arduino Uno is connected to a bluetooth module to show the output on a smart
phone, which also behave as transmitters.

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PIR Sensor
Gas Sensor
NTC Sensor

TFT LCD

HEX Keypad

Limit
Switch2 Limit
Switch1
Arduino Mega
Buzzer

Power Supply

XBee
(Zigbee)

Fig. 16 Experiment Diagram of the Research for Transmitter Side.

Bluetooth

Arduino Uno

XBee

Fig. 17 Experiment Diagram of the Research for Receiver Side.

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When the system is activated and if the window or the door opened or any movement is
detected on the motion sensor, an alarm will be triggered to inform the house owner. The
responses will be recorded on the GUI. Three types of messages will appear on the personal
computer, which are ‘Window is detected’, ‘Door is detected’ or ‘Motion is detected’
depending on the signal received as shown in Fig. 18.

Fig. 18 Window Sensor Detected, Door Sensor Detected or Motion Sensor Detected.
Then as shown in Fig. 19 if any gas or smoke is detected through gas sensor, an alarm will
be triggered to inform the house owner. The responses will be recorded ‘Gas is detected’ on
the GUI.

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Fig. 19 Gas
Sensor Detected.

Finally if
any abnormal increase in environment temperature is detected through NTC thermister
sensor, an alarm will be triggered to inform the house owner. The responses will be recorded
‘Fire is detected’ on the GUI with display the temperature shown in Fig. 20.

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Fig. 20 Fire Sensor Detected.

4. Discussion
Four different types of sensors are:
1. Successfully used together without any missing/losing of data/information to sense the
most important situations/status, especially in small place/area like kitchen at home or
any location requires security systems by using Zigbee standard wireless
communication without using any wire and between transmitter and receiver sides.
2. With distance range cover about 100 meters.
3. Without any interference with other radio signals.
4. This means that the proposed system is characterized with low cost.
5. Less power.
6. With best security.

But other previous models/kits have used only one or two types of sensor, or its model/kit
might be made separately, each model for a specific situation/status. Some have used RF like
Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, while others have used wired systems.

5. Conclusion
The implementation of Home Security System using Zigbee & Arduino standards with
Sensors is done successfully. The communication is properly done without any interference
between different modules in the design. It is found that the implemented design in this study
provides portability. In addition, data transmission is performed with low power consumption.
By using .NET technology, the sensor information is read successfully from serial port,
operations are performed, and the information is displayed in the GUI.

References
[1] Mohammad Syuhaimi, Ab-Rahman and Mohd Ariff Razaly "A Review of Security
System for Smart Home Applications", Journal of Computer Science, 8(7), 1165 –
1169 (2012).

Web Site: www.uokirkuk.edu.iq/kujss E-mail: [email protected]

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Volume, Issue, 2018, pp. ( - )
ISSN –

[2] Norlezah Hashim, Mohd Amir Hafifi Abdul Razak and Fakrulradzi Idris, "Home Security
System Using Zigbee", Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences and Engineering), 74(10), 29 – 34 (2015) .
[3] Nidhi Patel, Hiren Kathiriya and Arjav Bavarva, "Wireless Sensor Network Using
Zigbee", International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 2(6), 1038 –
1042 (2013).
[4] Dr. Subhi R. M. Zeebaree and Hajar M. Yasin, "Arduino Based Remote Controlling for
Home: Power Saving, Security and Protection", International Journal of Scientific &
Engineering Research, 5(8), 2229 – 5518 (2014).
[5] Subhankar Chattoraj, "Smart Home Automation based on different sensors and
Arduino as the master controller", International Journal of Scientific and Research
Publications, 5(10), 1 (2015).
[6] Fei Ding Guangming, Song Jianqing Li and Aiguo Song, "Remote Measuring and
Control Key Lab of Jiangsu Province", School of Instrument Science and Engineering
Southeast University, China, IEEE Conf., 1566, 40 (2009).
[7] Gutierrez, Jose .A, “Wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer
(PHY) Specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-
WPANs)”, 1st Edition, The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York,
USA (2003).
[8] Ajinkya Kumar Jadhav and Snehal Gaherwar, "Development of Wireless Ordering
System for Hotel", Certified Journal, 5(1), 2250 – 2459 (2015).
[9] Zipporah Tarus, "PIR Sensor Based Security System", Bachelor of Engineering Thesis,
University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki Metropolia, (2017).
[10] https://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/Introduction.
[11] http://www.resistorguide.com/ntc-thermistor/.

AUTHOR:
Mohammed Fakhrulddin Abdulqader: received B.Sc. in Computer Software Engineering
from Technical Faculty Kirkuk / Kirkuk-Iraq in 2003 and M.S. degrees in
Computer Engineering from Sam Higginbottom Institute / Allahabad-India, in
2014. During 2004-2006, he worked as an engineer in Ministry of Kirkuk

Web Site: www.uokirkuk.edu.iq/kujss E-mail: [email protected]

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University, then in 2005 joined to the Engineering College / Kirkuk University. He now
lecturer in Engineering College / Kirkuk University / Kirkuk-Iraq.

Web Site: www.uokirkuk.edu.iq/kujss E-mail: [email protected]

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