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Unit 4.2 Analysis of Statically Indeterminate Beams - Moment Distribution Method (Part 2)

The document provides instructional material on analyzing statically indeterminate frames using the moment distribution method. It discusses analyzing frames without sidesway where joint movements don't occur and with sidesway where joint movements affect the moments. The method is a multi-step process that involves distributing fixed-end moments and combined moments to obtain balanced moments at each joint. Several example problems are provided to illustrate applying the moment distribution process to analyze frames under different loading conditions.

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Joshua John Julio
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147 views

Unit 4.2 Analysis of Statically Indeterminate Beams - Moment Distribution Method (Part 2)

The document provides instructional material on analyzing statically indeterminate frames using the moment distribution method. It discusses analyzing frames without sidesway where joint movements don't occur and with sidesway where joint movements affect the moments. The method is a multi-step process that involves distributing fixed-end moments and combined moments to obtain balanced moments at each joint. Several example problems are provided to illustrate applying the moment distribution process to analyze frames under different loading conditions.

Uploaded by

Joshua John Julio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SAINT MARY’S ANGELS COLLEGE OF PAMPANGA

Olongapo-Gapan Road, Sta. Ana, 2022, Pampanga

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL
IN STRUCTURAL THEORY 2
(THEORY 2)

A.Y. 2020-2021

REFERENCES:
1. Hibbeler, R., 2015. Structural Analysis. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
2. Rajan, S., 2001. Introduction To Structural Analysis & Design. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
3. Utku, S., Norris, C. and Wilbur, J., 1991. Elementary Structural Analysis. New York: McGraw-Hill.
4. Kassimali, A., 2011. Structural Analysis SI Edition. 4th ed. Stamford, Connecticut: Cengage.
5. Leet, K., 2011. Fundamentals Of Structural Analysis. 5th ed. New York, USA: McGraw-Hill Education.
Unit 4: Analysis of Statically Indeterminate Frames – Moment
Distribution Method (Part 2)
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES

• Learn the procedure to analyze frames without sidesway and with sidesway.

FRAMES WITHOUT SIDESWAY

Analysis of statically determinate frames wherein no sidesway or joint movement occurs is similar to
that for beams discussed in previous chapter. However, in the case of frames two or more members
meet at one joint. The unbalanced moment at any joint is distributed to the ends of the members
meeting at the joint in proportion to their relative stiffnesses and distribution factors explained before.

LATERAL STIFFNESS

Lateral stiffness is a measure of resistance to lateral displacement of one end of a member when both
its ends are fixed against rotation. Figure below shown a beam, one of whose ends deflects by an
amount Δ relative to the other end, without any rotation. Thus, the tangents at both ends remain
horizonal. This can be accomplished by subjecting one of the ends to a force 𝑷 and a moment 𝑴.

We treat the effect of P and M separately. From the area moment propositions, we obtain
(Eq. 4.2.1)
PL2 ML
𝜃1 = and 𝜃2 =
2EI EI
(Eq. 4.2.2)

PL3 ML2
𝚫1 = and 𝚫2 =
3EI 2EI
Equating 𝜃1 and 𝜃2

PL2 ML
=
2EI EI
(Eq. 4.2.3)
2M 𝑃𝐿
P= 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀 =
𝐿 2
Using the definitions of deflection

Δ = Δ1 − Δ2
PL3 ML2
Δ= −
3EI 2EI
2M L3 ML2
Δ= ∙ −
𝐿 3EI 2EI
2𝑀L2 ML2
Δ= −
3EI 2EI
4𝑀L2 − 3ML2
Δ=
6EI
ML2
Δ=
6EI
(Eq. 4.2.3)
6EIΔ
M=
L2
Thus, from this equation the lateral stiffness can be defined as the moments developed by a unit
displacement Δ = 1 of one end. Hence,
(Eq. 4.2.4)
6EI 6EK
𝐿𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑆𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 = =
L2 L
FRAMES WITH SIDESWAY

The usual procedure applied to frames with sidesway does not yield accurate or consistent results,
because the joint movements affect the moments. The steps in the analysis by moment-distribution of
statically indeterminate frames with sidesway are as follows:

STEP 1: First assume that sidesway is prevented. Distribute the fixed-end moments due to the applied
loads in the usual manner to obtain a first set of balanced moments.

STEP 2: Next, disregarding the loads, assume the unloaded frame to undergo a certain amount of
sidesway which will cause fixed-end moments which are calculated using Eq. (4.2.3). Distribute these
fixed-end moments obtaining a second set of balanced moments.

STEP 3: The actual values of the end moments are determined by combining the first set of balanced
moments from step 1 and the product of a certain ratio and the second set. This ratio is obtained from a
shear condition.

When two or more unknown amounts of sidesway are present, consider each sidesway separately. Add
to the sum in step 2 the product of the ratio and an additional set of balanced moments due to second
joint movement, and so on. Values of the ratios are calculated from shear conditions.

ILLUSTRATIVE PROBLEMS

Situation 1 – A frame shown in the figure us fixed supported at A and B and is hinged at E. It is subjected
to a horizontal lateral load of 200 kN at the midspan of AC and a uniform load of 50 kN/m throughout
the span of CDE. The members of the frame have different moment of inertias as indicated in the figure.
Assume constant value of E. and use moment distribution method.

a. Compute the moment at A.


b. Compute the moment at B.
c. Compute the vertical reaction at E.
Situation 2 – The frame shown in the figure carries a uniform load of 25 kN/m along the span of CD and
a horizontal concentrated load of 75 kN acting at point B. Assume EI to be constant with E = 200 GPa and
I = 400 x 106 mm4. There is a settlement of 50 mm at support D. Using moment distribution method.

a. Compute the moment at A.


b. Compute the moment at C.
c. Compute the horizontal reaction at D.

Situation 3 – A frame shown carries a concentrated load of 40 kN at point E. Using moment distribution.
Assume EI constant:

a. Compute the moment at MAC.


b. Compute the moment at MCD.
c. Compute the moment at MBD.

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