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Internal and External Factors Affecting Scheduling

This document discusses internal and external factors that affect scheduling. Internally, factors include finished goods inventory levels, production process intervals, machine availability, personnel availability, material availability, manufacturing facilities, and economic production runs. Externally, factors are consumer demand, consumer delivery dates, and dealer/retailer inventory levels. The production schedule must account for these various internal resources and capabilities as well as external market demands.

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283 views

Internal and External Factors Affecting Scheduling

This document discusses internal and external factors that affect scheduling. Internally, factors include finished goods inventory levels, production process intervals, machine availability, personnel availability, material availability, manufacturing facilities, and economic production runs. Externally, factors are consumer demand, consumer delivery dates, and dealer/retailer inventory levels. The production schedule must account for these various internal resources and capabilities as well as external market demands.

Uploaded by

Jonathan Sanchez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Internal and External Factors Affecting Scheduling

https://kalyan-city.blogspot.com/2013/05/factors-affecting-scheduling-internal.html

Factors Affecting Scheduling

The following chart depicts various factors affecting scheduling.

The factors that affect scheduling are grouped into two categories viz;

1. Internal factors : Affect an entity (e.g. a company) from within.


2. External factors : Influence an entity (e.g. an organisation) from outside.
Factors affecting scheduling internally are:

1. Stock of finished goods kept by company.


2. Process intervals of each product.
3. Type of machines available.
4. Availability of personnel.
5. Availability of materials.
6. Manufacturing facilities available in the company.
7. Economic production runs (EPR) or optimum lot size.

Factors that affect scheduling externally are:

1. Consumer demand.
2. Consumer delivery dates.
3. Inventories (stock of goods) with dealers and retailers.

Now let's discuss internal and external factors influencing scheduling.

Internal Factors Affecting Scheduling

Followings are the internal factors affecting scheduling:

1. Finished goods inventories : Scheduling depends on how much stock of finished goods is kept by
the company. Most companies keep, one month's supply of each product, as stock. If the company's
product is fast moving or slow moving, then scheduling will have to be changed.
2. Process intervals : It depends on the process intervals of each product. Process interval is the
time required to produce a product. Different products have different process intervals. For example,
the process interval of a car is more than that of a soap. Scheduling will be different for each process
interval.
3. Type of machines available : It also affected by the type of machines available. If the company
has old and outdated machines, the schedule must keep provisions for the breakdown of machines.
Modern and computerized machines makes scheduling very easy.
4. Availability of personnel : Scheduling also depends on the availability of personnel. If the
company has untrained and inexperienced employees, then they will take more time to produce a
product. So, the schedule must keep provisions for this. A faster schedule will be required for trained
and experienced employees.
5. Availability of materials : It is also affected by the availability of materials. If a regular supply of
materials is available, then the company can do normal-scheduling. However, if the supply of materials
is irregular, the schedule must be made flexible. That is, when the supply is good then the schedule will
be fast and vice versa.
6. Manufacturing facilities : Scheduling depends on the manufacturing facilities available in the
company. This includes space for new machines, employees, etc. It also includes the availability and
supply of electricity and water, which may be required for production. If all the required infrastructure is
available, then the production schedule can be fast and vice versa.
7. Economic production run (EPR) : It also depends on the economic production runs. Economic
production runs (EPR) means the optimum lot size. That is, how many items must be produced in one
lot in order to minimize the cost of production. If the company produces more or less than the optimum
lot size, then the cost of production will increase. There are many formulas for calculating optimum lot
size. Scheduling must be done only after calculating the optimum lot size.

External Factors Affecting Scheduling

The external factors affecting scheduling are as follows:

1. Consumer demand : Scheduling also depends on the consumer demand. Consumer demand can
be found out by sales forecast. So, the production schedule is prepared according to the sales forecast.
However, it has to be adjusted (changed) when the actual demand is different from the sales forecast.
2. Consumer delivery dates : The production schedule also depends on the consumer delivery
dates. The consumer is the most important person in a business. So, this factor must be given more
importance than other factors. The production schedule must be made in such a way that it will
guarantee timely delivery to the consumers. In case of seasonal goods, production must be spread out
throughout the year; so, there will not be too much pressure in demand season.
3. Dealers and retailers inventories : It also depends on the stock of goods (inventories) with dealers
and retailers. The production manager must find out how much stocks is held by dealers and retailers.
He must also know why they are keeping this stock. Are they keeping this stock to meet current
demand? If yes, then normal-scheduling can be done. However, if they are keeping stock in
anticipation of future demand, the scheduling will have to be slowed down because there will be fewer
orders in the future.

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