• DECEMBER 2019

Release 2020 R2 Update

Structural Mechanics
Table of Contents
• Mechanical​ • Ansys Composite PrepPost (ACP)
o Core • Material Designer
o Mechanical Graphics/Post​ Processing • Explicit Dynamics​
o Linear Dynamics
o SMART Fracture​
• LS-DYNA (12.0 Release)
• External Model​ • Rigid Body Dynamics​
• MAPDL​ • Aqwa​
o Interface​ • Ansys Sherlock
o Contact • Distributed Compute Services (DCS)
o Elements • Beta Features
o Materials​ o Mechanical – Linear Dynamics
o Solver o Structural Optimization
• Structural Optimization o LS-DYNA 12.0
• Additive Solutions o Distributed Compute Services (DCS)

2
Ansys Mechanical
Mechanical Core
Mechanical Graphics/Post​ Processing
Linear Dynamics
SMART Fracture​
Mechanical Core
License Options in Mechanical
• Mechanical now supports configuration of license preferences
• Licenses can be move “Up/Down” and “Disabled”. Once changes are made, saving
and closing Mechanical enables the first relevant license in the list
Default License Options Modified License Options

5
Imported Element Orientations
• Import and map “Element Orientation” angles
from external data files
• Can be used in conjunction with orientation-
dependent materials

6
Trace Import Materials
• Easily set materials for traces, dielectric, and vias by using the context menu
• Quickly sets all rows to selected materials

7
 Assembly Hierarchy
• It is possible to enable Assembly Hierarchy in preferences which will automatically add
folders to match the CAD grouping of the geometry being imported into the product
Default set to “No”
New Menu entry
to restore the
structure after
After set to “Yes” user edits, if any

8
New Contact Trackers to Solution Information
• The following contact trackers types have been added:
‐ Contact Pair Force Convergence Norm
‐ Contact Pair Force Criterion
‐ Max Tangential Fluid Penetration Pressure on Contact Surface
‐ Max Tangential Fluid Penetration Pressure on Target Surface

9
Ability to Upload and Download User Defined Files

• Mechanical now enables:

‐ Uploading of additional files
to remote machines
‐ Downloading of additional
files from remote machines to
Solver Directory

10
Allow for Deletion of External Data
• Users can now delete imported collections of external data
• If the object has a Read Only tag, it must be set to “No” before deletion is allowed

11
Mass Objects now Accept Command Objects
• Command objects can be used for Point Mass, Thermal Point Mass, and Distributed
Mass Objects

• This is supported for the MAPDL and RBD solvers

• The Distributed Mass object now uses “_tid” and can be specified in the command
object

12
System Coupling Structural Enhancements
• System Coupling objects now supports volume scoping for structural environments

13
Optimizing Loading of the Tree in Mechanical

• Mechanical now enables loading of Tree Nodes such as geometry, contacts and
named selections on demand (when expanded)

14
LS-DYNA Option in Analysis
• Mechanical now supports
adding LS-DYNA analysis in
Mechanical. This option
becomes available when
the extension is loaded

15
Reference to Result File for Thermal Stress and Submodeling
• New option on the Environment context
tab/menu:
Imported Load (Result File)
• Users running thermal stress and submodeling
analyses now can directly select and import a
result file (.rst or .rth) as imported load instead of
having to link the systems in the project schematic
• The referencing result file can be anywhere on
disk, either from a separate analysis, or another
Workbench project, or Mechanical MAPDL

16
Support All Categories for Pane Toolbar Customization
• New UI Option for Toolbar Customization:
Show All Categories
• By default this option is turned off, only the
categories relevant to the specific pane are
listed
• When turned “On”, all categories are listed.
This covers toolbars from all panes,
commands from all ribbon tabs, user
buttons, external ACT extensions, which
gives user the maximized flexibility for
toolbar customization

17
Select All Coplanar Entities
• New option allows users
to find and select all coplanar
entities with the same X/Y/Z
location as the selected entity
• Because it requires a coplanar
relationship between the
entities, it is more exclusive than
the regular “Select By Same
Location” feature

The result of using “Select All Coplanar Entities With the Same X
Location” with faces

18
Shared Selection Conversions

• Convert To functionality performs

a union, selecting ALL related
entities
• New Shared option performs an
intersection, selecting ONLY 2 edges selected
entities that all selections share

Only shared faces selected

19
Mechanical Graphics
Post​ Processing
Working with Legends
• Legends that accompany Mechanical results, can now be modified through
the scripting console, to change their behavior and appearance

21
 Working with Legends
• Standalone Legend Settings objects can be created, which can be used to copy
legends from one result to another or apply the same legend settings to multiple
results

22
 Reinforcements using Mesh Independent Method
• Mechanical provides the ability to define reinforcements within a structure for 3D Static
structural and 3D steady-state thermal analysis. Thermal-stress system is also supported
• For an appropriate modeled geometry, Mechanical uses mesh independent method to
create specialized reinforcing elements to provide extra reinforcing to the standard
structural and thermal elements of the base structure
• Line bodies will be used for discrete reinforcing modeling and surface bodies for smeared
reinforcing modeling

Discrete Reinforcing Smeared Reinforcing

23
 Reinforcements using Mesh Independent Method
• To specify a geometric body as a reinforcement, select this body on the tree and then set
the Model Type property option to “Reinforcement”

Line Body
(Discrete)

Surface Body
(Smeared)

24
 Reinforcements using Mesh Independent Method
• For line bodies (discrete reinforcing), you also need to specify appropriate Cross Section
and Material Assignment
• For surface bodies (smeared reinforcing), the homogeneous membrane can be specified
as “Yes (default)” or “No”. Thickness and Material Assignment is needed for the
Homogeneous Membrane option

25
 Reinforcements using Mesh Independent Method
• Homogeneous membrane option enforce reinforcing with
plane stress state (structural) or anisotropic heat flow
(thermal). Homogeneous Membrane option, when set to
“No”, enforce uniaxial stress state (structural) or uniaxial
heat flow (thermal)
• Reinforcing fiber orientation can be specified using co-
ordinate system of the reinforcement body or using
element orientation object
• For Homogeneous Membrane option set to “No”, fiber
cross section area and fiber spacing is required to create
reinforcing layer with equidistant fibers

26
 Reinforcements using Mesh Independent Method
• The line body and surface body reinforcement representation in Mechanical is used to
create the reinforcing elements during the solution process and these reinforcing
elements are not present in Mechanical mesh, but rather present in the results file. Heat
generation load applied to reinforcement body will be mapped to the reinforcing
layers/fibers during solution process
• The results can be evaluated on reinforcing layers/fibers by scoping the results on either
all bodies or selected set of reinforcement bodies

27
 Direct Pressure without Surface Effect Elements
• Mechanical supports application of pressure and force directly on shell element
faces(3D)/edges(2D) instead of creating SURF154/SURF153 elements. It was
supported for solids in the prior release
• It is exposed using Applied By property for vector pressure, force and hydrostatic
pressure for shells
• Mechanical supports application of imported pressure on solids and shells through
element faces or corner nodes directly without creating surface effect elements
• It is exposed Applied By for imported pressure with two options “Surface Effect”
(default) and “Direct”. Direct option is the newly supported option in this release

28
 Direct Pressure without Surface Effect Elements
• Using “Direct” option, the loads are applied directly to element faces and hence improves
the solution time of the model as well as the memory footprint because surface effect
elements are not created. This is not supported option in the presence of Cracks, SMART
crack growth, Nonlinear Adaptive region, component mode synthesis and cyclic symmetry
features

29
Linear Dynamics
 On Demand Result Calculation in MSUP
• Improve performance by reading elemental results
from .rst file (expansion from harmonic is then
supported)
• Force to write modal coordinates in .rfrq and .rdsp files
to reduce their size
• Support frequency response charts in harmonic
• Support velocity and acceleration in transient
• Support Reaction Forces (probes in harmonic and
transient, frequency response charts in harmonic)

31
 E-Motor NVH Workflow Improvements
• Support interpolated RPMs (reduce the number of explicitly solved solutions) for remote
forces/moments, surface force density and body force density

32
Discovery Database Conversion
• Discovery allows Mechanical export as DSCODAT file
• Exported file can be imported using External Study Imported ACT App
‐ Geometry, materials, point masses, contact, joints, loads & BCs, divers analysis types (static, thermal,
modal)
• Double-clicking on the exported file runs the Mechanical import

33
 Importing Temperatures in Modal
• Mechanical supports importing temperatures from external data to modal analysis. It is
added as Imported Body Temperature load in modal analysis

34
 Importing Temperatures as Initial Condition in Thermal Analysis
• Mechanical supports application of imported temperatures as “Initial Condition”
for Transient Thermal, Thermal-Electric and Steady-State Thermal analyses
• Apply As property in “Imported Temperature” appears for these analysis and it can be set
to either “Boundary Condition” or “Initial Condition”. Analysis Time should be set to “0”
for it to be applied as “Initial Condition”

35
Mechanical
MAPDL migration to Mechanical
 Shell-Solid Contact Enhancement
• To enhance accuracy of solution,
Mechanical now issues SHSD MAPDL
command for shell-solid contact by
default for structural physics
• This command creates additional
contact elements to improve the
solution accuracy
• This feature is ONLY supported for
Bonded contact with “MPC”
formulation and the Constraint type
specified should be “Projected”,
“Displacement Only” or “Projected U
to ROT”

37
 Shell-Solid Contact Enhancement
• Shown below is an example of how shell solid contact interface when combined with
SHSD command improves the accuracy of the solution by creating smoothed results

Without SHSD With SHSD

38
 Named Selection Preserved during Non-linear Adaptive Remesh
• Mechanical can preserve named selections during the
solution process in the presence of a non-linear adaptive
region, which causes the remesh during solution
• This feature can help users to evaluate results on the
elemental named selection regions, which were defined
before the solution process and were modified due to
remeshing during the solution

39
Remote Loads Supported with Non-linear Adaptivity

• Remote Displacement, Remote

Force and Moment Loads can
be scoped to parts belonging
to Non-linear Adaptive Region.
The deformable, coupled and
rigid behavior of remote
entities are supported

40
Quasi Static Solution in Static Structural Analysis
• Static structural analysis in Workbench Mechanical
now supports a property to solve the analysis as
quasi-static. The options for this property include
“Off” (Default) and “On”. This implies that there is no
need to create transient simulation set-ups for
analysis which have very slowly occurring transient
phenomenon
• For Quasi Static application-based settings, the
Backward-Euler algorithm is used. In addition,
damping energy and the work done by any external
loading condition is considered for quasi static
solution

41
Loaded Area Option for Pressure and Imported Pressure
• Pressure and Imported Pressure
objects in Workbench Mechanical
now support a property to specify the
area that should be considered during
pressure load application. Options
include “Deformed” and “Initial”
• Default option for pressure is
“Deformed” whereas default option
for imported pressure is “Initial” area

42
Loaded Area Option for Pressure and Imported Pressure
• The “Initial” option treats the scoped surface area as a constant throughout the
analysis
• Using the “Deformed” option, the application incorporates the change in the surface
area as a result of deformation throughout the analysis.
• The selection for this property can be of significance during large deflection problems

Results: Initial Area Selection Results: Deformed Area Selection

43
Restarts
• Restart controls in Mechanical supports generating restart points for a specific load
step. The user need to selection "Specify" option and then specify the Load Step
Number
• If a restart is performed using a restart point from within a load step, then the
Program Controlled Auto Time Stepping option for that load step will not set any
sub-step or time increment information. The restart solution in these cases uses the
sub-steps or time increment value specified for the solution done without restarts

44
Reverse Displacement Direction for Inverse Solving
• For inverse analysis in Static Structural, Mechanical now supports a new property
called Reverse Direction For Inverse Steps and is applicable when all steps are
inverse steps. It takes option of “No” (default) and “Yes”. When set to “Yes”, the
displacements are applied in reverse direction in inverse steps. This also reflects
on graphics with opposite arrow and reverse keyword in annotation
• Miscellaneous tab from Mechanical preferences can be used to change default

45
Constant Structural Damping coefficent for MSUP Harmonic
• In MSUP harmonic analysis, users can now choose to specify damping using a
“Damping Ratio” or “Constant Structural Damping Coefficient”. Default set to
“Damping Ratio”. When “Constant Structural Damping Coefficient” is selected, the
DMPSTR command will be sent to the MAPDL solver. In prior release, only DMPR
command associated to damping ratio property was supported

46
Cyclic Symmetry for Tabular Data Imported Loads
• All Tabular Loading options are now supported for
imported loads in the presence of cyclic symmetry

47
Miscellaneous Features
• Coupled Field analyses now support two-dimensional (2D) bodies with plane stress
behavior and non-unit thicknesses.
• Maximum residual force is supported under Solution Information
• Force Reaction and Moment Reaction Probes are now supported in presence of
Missing Mass and Rigid Response Effect for the available RS Base Excitations
• Pre-stressed modal analysis in the presence of cyclic symmetry will specify the range
of harmonic index for MAPDL solver to select the optimum distributed solver
option (based of frequency or mesh)

48
Mechanical
Scripting
Solver Data API – Imported Loads
• The imported loads supported are Imported Pressure, Imported Convection,
Imported Heat Flux and Imported Surface Force Density
• The solver data API example is shown:

50
Solver Data API – Imported Objects
• The imported object data collection is extracted using the command:
imported_object_data = solver_data.GetObjectData (imported_object)

• The example shown below is getting the collection of co-ordinate systems

51
Solver Data API – Imported Objects
• The Imported Contacts supports API for SourceId and TargetId
• The Imported Remote Connector supports API for NodeId

52
Solver Data API – Imported Objects
• The Imported Spring Connectors supports API for ElementId and RealConstantId
• The Imported Bolt Pretension supports API for RealConstantId
and PretensionNodeIds

53
 Fracture and SMART Crack
Growth

54
Fracture Mechanics New Features
• Fracture parameters calculation now support general traction load on crack surfaces
‐ Fracture parameters include J-Integral and Stress Intensity Factors (KI, KII, KIII)
‐ Support all the surface traction load options via SF,SFE with SFCONTROL
‐ Support solid elements 185, 186, and 187 with either UMM on or OFF Ti
• SMART mixed mode crack growth
‐ Mixed crack growth is based on maximum circumferential stress criterion
‐ Support both static and fatigue crack growth
• SMART robustness enhancement
‐ General enhancement to robustness including remeshing robustness, element reduction in the remeshing, memory usage, optimizing
remeshing volume
• SMART initial strain support 0
‐ Initial strain is now supported for SMART crack growth for both 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
static and fatigue crack growth -2
‐ Initial strain can be defined using INISTATE command
‐ Initial strain can be either nodes or element integrations base -4

• SMART advanced fatigue crack growth models support -6

‐ Walker option
‐ Forman option -8 Forman (R=0)
‐ Tabular table option Forman (R=0.25)
-10
‐ Fatigue crack growth law constants can be defined as temperature Forman (R=0.5)
Forman (R=0.9)
dependent data -12

55
Fracture – General Traction Load on Crack Surfaces
• Fracture parameters include J-Integral and Stress Intensity Factors (KI, KII, KIII)
‐ Fracture parameters calculation is defined via CINT command
• Support all the surface traction load options
‐ Surface traction can be defined via SF or SFE command for normal traction
‐ Surface tractions can be defined via SF and SFE with SFCONTROL
• Support solid elements 185, 186, and 187 with either UMM “On” or “Off”

Ti Ti

56
Fracture – General Traction Load on Crack Surfaces
Problem description
• Penny shape crack with circumferential shear a=10 ! radius of crack, mm
traction in an infinite medium q=10 ! max shear traction, N/mm2
local,11,1,,, ! cylindrical CS
sfcontrol,1,1,11 ! SF along 'theta' direction
sfgrad,pres,11,x,0,q/a ! SF gradient, q/a
cmsel,s,crack1_lower_surf,node
sf,all,pres,0
sfgrad,pres,11,x,0,-q/a ! SF gradient, -q/a
cmsel,s,crack1_upper_surf,node
sf,all,pres,0
sfgrad,,,,, ! remove SFGRAD specification
allsel,all

K3 (MPa JINT
mm0.5) (mJ/mm2)
Reference solution 23.8 3.68E-3
(infinite medium)
(The Stress Analysis of Cracks Handbook)

57
 Fracture – General Traction Load on Crack Surfaces
Problem description FE model and results
• Penny shape crack with circumferential shear
traction in an infinite medium
SOLID186 SOLID187

FE model

K3 (MPa mm0.5) JINT (mJ/mm2)

Reference solution
23.8 3.68E-3
(infinite medium)
SOLID186, UMM=off 21.2 (-10.9%) 3.44E-3 (-6.5%)
SOLID187, UMM=on 20.0 (-15.9%) 3.19E-3 (-13.3%)

58
 SMART – Mixed Mode Crack Growth Support
• SMART mixed mode crack growth Pressured T-joint pipe

‐ Support both static and fatigue crack growth

‐ Mixed crack growth is based on maximum circumferential
stress criterion
1  
K eqv = cos    K I (1 + cos  ) − 3K II sin  
2 2
 3K 2 + K K 2 + 8 K 2 
 c = − cos −1  II 2 I I II

 K I + 9 K II
2

 
Vector principal stress
For fatigue crack growth, an equivalent stress
intensity factor range, Keqv, is used:
a
= f ( K eq , R )
N
 
K eq = cos K I (1 + cos  ) − 3K II sin  
1
2 2
Prediction of crack growth direction

59
SMART – Initial Strain Support
• SMART crack growth analysis (static or fatigue) supports initial strain
• Initial strain may be node-based or element-based, defined via
INISTATE,SET,DTYP,EPEL
• As mesh changes due to remeshing during SMART analysis, the initial strains are
mapped from the old mesh to the new mesh.
• Generally, node-based initial strain offers better post-mapping accuracy than
does element-based initial strain.

60
 SMART – Initial Strain Support
Initial strain Example problem
S0 = 20 MPa
CCT specimen

y y
Plane strain

x x Sxx = 0
Syy = S0
Szz = v*S0

K I = S0  a f ( a / W )

exx = -v*(1+v)*S0/E 2W  a 
Plane strain eyy = (1-v2)*S0/E f (a / W ) = tan  
ezz = 0 a 2W

61
SMART – Initial Strain Support
FE model (CCT specimen)

SMART Static Crack Growth a = 10 mm

a/W = 1/6
Fracture parameter: SIFS (stress intensity factors) Initial strain
Critical SIF, KIC = 100 MPa mm0.5 E = 200 GPa
v = 0.3
Uz=0 at front and back face
(plane strain)
FE mesh
Result comparison

∆a a KI_ref KI_left_crack KI_right_crack

(mm) (mm) (MPa mm0.5) (MPa mm0.5) (MPa mm0.5)
0.00 10.00 113.41 111.67 111.67
1.30 11.30 120.94 118.65 118.60
2.60 12.60 128.17 125.50 125.60
3.89 13.89 135.18 131.72 132.00
5.19 15.19 142.01 137.98 138.22

62
SMART – Advanced Fatigue Crack Growth Models
• Advanced Fatigue Crack Growth Models
K

1. Walker equation △K

1 cycle

2. Forman equation Time

Stress ratio
3. Tabular table option (da/dN vs ∆K datapoints)
R = Kmin/Kmax

△K = Kmax (1 - R)

63
 SMART – Advanced Fatigue Crack Growth Models
Walker Equation

• Modified form of Paris law #

• Prediction of da/dN in stage-II of fatigue crack growth
• Incorporates the effect of stress ratio R
• ϒ is a material constant (typically around 0.5, but can
vary from 0.3 to 1*)
• Logarithmic temperature interpolation for constant C0

# Walker, K., 1970. The effect of stress ratio during crack propagation and fatigue for 2024-T3 and 7075-T6 aluminum. In Effects of
environment and complex load history on fatigue life. ASTM International.
*Dowling, N.E., 2012. Mechanical behavior of materials: engineering methods for deformation, fracture, and fatigue. Pearson.

64
SMART – Advanced Fatigue Crack Growth Models
Forman Equation

• Modified form of Paris law #

• Prediction of da/dN in stage-II and stage-III of fatigue
crack growth
• Incorporates the effects of stress ratio R and fracture
toughness KC
• Logarithmic temperature interpolation for constant C0

# Forman, R.G., Kearney, V.E. and Engle, R.M., 1967. Numerical analysis of crack propagation in cyclic-loaded structures.
J. Fluids Eng., 89, 459–463.

65
SMART – Advanced Fatigue Crack Growth Models
Tabular Table Option
Tabular table option allows user to directly specify fatigue crack growth as a tabular table
which crack growth increment per cycle, Da/DN, is function stress intensify factor range, DK.

Tabular Fatigue Law

a
= f (( Ci , a, K ,...)
N
DK DA/DN
DK1 (da/dN)1
DK2 (da/dN)2
DK DK3 (da/dN)3
da/dN

DKn (da/dN)n
Interpolation rule:
• Linear interpolation on LOG scale

66
 SMART – Advanced Fatigue Crack Equation
2. Forman Growth Models
Results

log(Kc)
0 0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
-1
-2
-2
C0 = 1E-10 C = 1E-10
-4
n = 2.5
log(da/dN)

-3 m = 2.5

log(da/dN)
-4 ϒ = 0.5 Kc = 1500
-6
Paris
-5
Walker (R=0) -8
Forman (R=0)
-6 Walker (R=0.25)
Forman (R=0.25)
Walker (R=0.5) -10
-7 Forman (R=0.5)
Walker (R=0.9) Forman (R=0.9)
-8 -12
log(∆K) log(∆K)

67
External Model
Import Abaqus Bushings
• The following set of commands from Abaqus input files define (nonlinear in this
example) bushings

69
Import Abaqus Bushings
• Bushings from Abaqus files are now imported as “Multi dof (Bushing)” Spring
Connectors with stiffness and Stop Coefficients matrices and tables

70
Support Abaqus *CHANGE FRICTION Command
• *CHANGE FRICTION in the first *STEP can now be used to change the friction
coefficient of a contact interaction

Frictionless contact

Frictionless contact

Changed to frictional contact

71
Import *.acmo Files
• Acmo files are binary files that can be written from Mechanical and that contain only
meshes
• External model now allows importing Acmo (*.acmo) files

72
Automatic Supporting Files Insertion
• Supporting files (includes for LS-DYNA/Abaqus/Nastran) are now automatically
populated for the user

73
Handling Input File Types
• Application Source is now automatically inferred based on the file extension and file
content

74
Performance Improvements
• LS-DYNA files are now imported as single part/many bodies models for better
performance
• Abaqus files with large quantity of *CLOAD/*DLOAD are now imported faster
• Input files specified in the external model system are now not copied in the
Workbench project. This allows faster imports and smaller project sizes for large files

75
Handling MAPDL files
• External model only supports Ansys MAPDL input files that are in the “Blocked CDB”
format
• Files that are not in the “Blocked CDB” format are automatically detected, and a
python script is provided to convert to “Blocked CDB” format.

76
MAPDL
Interface​
Contact
Elements​
​Materials​
Solver
Interface
Encryption and Decryption Enhancements
• /ENCRYPT and /DECRYPT commands
‐ Have been available for many releases
• Previously only listed in the Programmer’s Reference
• Documentation moved into Command Reference
‐ Now relies on OPENSSL’s cryptography library for
encryption and decryption using AES-GCM algorithm
• Provides increased protection
o Previous algorithm was insecure
o OPENSSL provides trusted strength against attempts to decipher
o Maximum password length has increased from 8 to 32 for even Encrypted input file sample
more security
• Adds defense against misuse via GCM Authentication
o Wrong password detection
o Data tampering detection

79
 Bulk Input Enhancements
BF vs. BFBLOCK
• New BFBLOCK and BFEBLOCK commands 4.E-6

Time/command [s]
3.E-6
‐ Coded database file commands for bulk input BF
2.E-6
‐ Faster input than existing BF and BFE commands BFBLOCK
when reading .cdb & .ldhi files 1.E-6
‐ Fields include nodal/element number, body force 0.E+0
load, and format descriptor 1.E+3 1.E+4 1.E+5 1.E+6 1.E+7
Number of Body Forces
‐ Supports both tabular and numerical input 4x faster

• These commands are now written by default 8.E-6

BFE vs. BFEBLOCK
when creating new .cdb & .ldhi files

Time/command [s]
6.E-6
BFE
• These commands follow similar design as 4.E-6 BFEBLOCK
NBLOCK/EBLOCK commands for consistency 2.E-6
and ease of use 0.E+0
1.E+3 1.E+4 1.E+5 1.E+6 1.E+7
Number of Body Forces

80
Contact
New Contact Modeling Technique
• Combine all three contact detection methods together:
‐ Contact detection at Gauss point – use Gaussian quadrature rule
‐ Contact detection at nodal point – use Gauss-Lobatto quadrature rule
‐ Surface projection – use Gaussian quadrature rule on overlapping cells
• The unified detection method in conjunction with using symmetric contact definition works robustly for
non-smoothing contact modeling: a contact pair mixing surfaces, edges and corners under large
deformations and displacements. Interference fit, press fit, snap fit, and snap through are typical use-
cases

Remote displacement is applied downward first, upward next Symmetric contact pair definition plays important role

82
New Improved Preload Technique
Traditional Pretension technique by PRETS179
Consistent definition in Mechanical as the
traditional pretension technique
• By default Z-axis cylindrical joint for 3D case
• Local cartesian coordinate system will be
generated at joint node
• Cylindrical co-ordinate system is allowed for
Preload method
• Beam nodes directly connect with joint Time =2
Time =1
element is created between two beam nodes; Pretension load applied
Rotated 60° about x axis

no surface-based constraints generated for this

case New Preload technique by MPC184

Pretension load applied Rotated 60° about x axis

83
Force-Distributed Constraint Improvements
• MPC based formulation is improved under the finite rotation framework so that much larger rotation increments
can be applied to achieve convergences than in those the prior releases. Large rotation-based pretension/pre-
torque will benefit
• The Lagrange multiplier method is developed by including stress stiffening matrix to improve convergence in
some situations where the MPC method has convergence difficulties. The Lagrange multiplier method can also
improve performance when a large number of force-distributed constraint pairs are defined in a model

Version nsub. Iter. Version nsub. Iter. Elapsed Time[s].

Version nsub. Iter.
2020R1 MPC 100 301 2020R1 MPC 100 200 1861
2020R1 MPC 18 137
2020R2 MPC 5 48 ~7x saving 2020R2 MPC 10 42 372
2020R2 MPC 12 59 ~5x saving
~2.3x saving 2020R2 LM 5 37 ~25% saving 2020R2 LM 10 34 240 ~1.5x saving

84
Contact Robustness Improvements
• The contact element settings for initial interference ramping options are no longer dependent on the
solution level KBC command setting. The initial penetration or gap is now ramped down even when
the solution level loads are step-applied (as the default in transient analysis)
• Improvement made for local contact searching logic to prevent missing contact detection
• Example: Electrical connector Assembly
‐ Total: 40 bodies
‐ Male part: 18 bodies
‐ Female part: 22 bodies
‐ 4 groups of terminal subassemblies
‐ Materials from rubber, thermoplastic, and copper alloy
• Assembly FEA Modeling
‐ To be followed by downstream thermal effects, vibration analysis and etc.

85
 Contact Robustness Improvements
• Nonlinear solution robustness is improved for problems involving
MPC generated by contact elements when the predictor is “On”.
Improvement shows especially for cases with large rotations, or
cases that bisects (ROPS model)
• Bisection logic is improved to prevent contact status errors and
unnecessary solution bisection (ROPS model)
• Contact damping logic is improved to prevent unexpected poor
convergence (bolted-joint models)

Force
convergence
pattern for a
contact
model with
MPC
2020 R1: diverges 2020 R2: converges

86
Contact Robustness Improvements
• Robustness improvement for projection contact by tightening surface projection tolerance (turbine
disc model)

2020 R1 convergence

2020 R2 convergence 1.3x faster

Representative image of a
Turbine Blade assembly

87
Shell-to-Solid Connection
• Mechanical now automatically creates additional virtual shell elements (SHSD command) for improved
solution accuracy for contact conditions between the edge of a surface body and the face of a solid body
• Fix bad virtual elements at intersected corners

Shell-solid assembly SHSD command

Virtual shell Virtual shell

elements in elements in
2020 R1 2020 R2

Wrong

88
Insulated Thermal Condition
• An insulated thermal condition TARGE169 TARGE169
(KEYOPT(3) = 2 of the target Keyopt(3)=0 Keyopt(3)=2
element) is now available for
thermal contact analyses
• Convection and radiation to the
environment are ignored when Far field contact
contact has a far-field status
• Only near-field convection and
near-field radiation between the
contact and target surfaces are
taken into account

No heat flux to
Heat flux to environment
environment

89
Quasi-Static Solution Extended to All Physics Types (Gas Turbine)
• The quasi-static (Backward Euler time integration) now supports all physics as well as coupled physics
• Coupled physics problems where static structure simulation is difficult to converge (RBM, local
buckling) will benefit

Quasi-Static

Full transient
Coupled Structure-Thermal problem
(Newmark)
Quasi-Static: 271 iterations (only solved in 2020R2)
Full transient: 1652 iterations
Struct(static) and thermal(transient): diverges

90
Enhanced Displacement Convergence Check
• Displacement convergence
reference value improved for
cases with multiple load steps
• New option introduced that
uses the current substep High reference value due to one large increment in history-
incremental displacement to making displacement convergence check to be too loose
determine convergence
• Overall, expected to improve
non-linear problems solution
robustness and repeatability

Current increment displacement used to calculate the reference

91
Improved Diagnostics for Contact Force Convergence Norm and Criterion

For the purpose of solution monitoring, the program now uses a default tolerance
value of 0.1 to calculate the contact pair-based force convergence norm and the
contact pair-based force convergence criterion (requested via NLDIAG or NLHIST).
This is not a check for local convergence, but is a useful tool for nonlinear
diagnostics

92
Elements
Quad Dominant Meshing Option for 3D Smeared Reinforcing
• Triangular mesh only at With PRIME
2020 R1
• Greatly improved mesh 2020 R1
quality
• Reduced model size
• Better solution accuracy
• Applicable to both linear
and quadratic 3D
smeared reinforcing
elements
2020 R2

94
New Command BFPORT for Body Load Mapping
• Previously load on reinforcing elements can only be
applied/mapped via EREINF command during pre-
processing …
• BFPORT separates load application from meshing esel,,ename,,185
esel,a,ename,,200
• Allows for body load (HGEN) application to reinforcing EREINF
elements anywhere in pre-processing or solution
…
• Essential for successful Workbench Mechanical /solu
exposure of mesh-independent reinforcing features esel,s,ename,,200
bfe,all,hgen,1,%hg_reinf%,%hg_reinf%
• Completes functionalities required for PCB simulation BFPORT
with mesh-independent REINFs

95
2D Thermal Reinforcement (REINF263)
• Compatible with 2D thermal solid elements
− PLANE292 (2D, 4 Node) and PLANE293 (2D, 8 Node)
• Supported Element behavior
− 0: Plane
− 1: Axisymmetric
− 3: Plane with Z-depth, specified via real constant THK
• Supported load
− Heat generation as BFE
− Heat Flux
− Convection
• Completes the reinforcing element family for 2D/3D thermal analysis
Thickness Input for 2-D Coupled-Field Elements
• Coupled-field elements PLANE222 and PLANE223 now allow for thickness input
‐ 3-D coupled-field problems that can be solved more efficiently using 2-D plane or plane stress models
‐ Improved robustness with consistent handling of thickness changes

2D: Number of Equations = 9901 3D: Number of Equations = 29053

Electric current

Transient structural-thermal-electric analysis of a thin aluminum plate with in-plane electric current load

97
SOLID185 with Enhanced Strains in Inverse Analysis

• SOLID185 enhanced strain formulations,

both total and simplified, now supported
for inverse solving
• Enhanced strains with or without mixed u/P
formulation allowed
• Successfully addressed requests from gas
turbine industries
• Greatly extended inverse analysis
applicability, with improved accuracy for
bending dominant problems
Materials
Thermo-Mechanical Fatigue Materials Parameter Fitting
• Thermomechanical fatigue modeling involves materials that require multiple
constitutive behaviors to be modeled from the same experimental data or a
combination of experimental data modeling the individual behaviors separately IC Engines
• Parameter fitting is available the following plasticity models
‐ Chaboche Kinematic Hardening
‐ Bilinear Isotropic Hardening
‐ Rate Dependent Plasticity with Peryzna, Pierce and EVH models
‐ Kinematic Static Recovery
‐ Isotropic Static Recovery
‐ Isotropic Elasticity
• Uniaxial loading is supported in general and may involved data that
includes strain or stress cycling and stress/strain hold loading
Turbines
• AI based automatic initialization of parameters to improve the fitting
process and truncate the user learning curve
• Special Features Electronics
‐ Experimental Data weighting to improve accuracy in certain regions of experimental data as
needed by the user
‐ A Tcl/Tk based user interface to perform the fitting process
‐ General command framework to support fitting of other material model combinations as well in
the future
‐ Ability to turn on and off constitutive behavior to study and fit better
‐ Plotting capability from the command line

100
Examples of Parameter Fitting Process and GUI

Add Experimental Data Select Models and Solve

Stress Vs Time Plot Stress Vs Strain Plot

Chaboche Kinematic Hardening + Kinematic Static Recovery Chaboche Hardening + Kinematic Static Recovery

101
 Accelerated Fatigue Analysis using Cycle-Jump
• In industries such as aerospace, automotive, nuclear
power, electronics, etc. components experience fatigue
loading
‐ Low cycle fatigue (LCF) and thermo-mechanical fatigue (TMF)
‐ Fatigue analysis essential for accurate lifing analysis of components
• New cyclic-loading analysis tool allows for the definition Typical load cycle

of load cycle(s) and number of total cycles in a fatigue

analysis
• New cycle-jump analysis tool allows for the acceleration
of fatigue analysis by jumping across cycles based on
control function criteria
‐ Cycle-to-cycle results are tracked, and cycle jumps performed
when the cycle-to-cycle trend (global trend) is gradual
‐ Can potentially greatly reduce solve times Cycle by cycle evolution of typical
solution parameter

102
Example of Accelerated Fatigue Analysis using Cycle-Jump
• Thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) example
‐ Nonlinear kinematic hardening (Chaboche) viscoplastic material
‐ Specimen subject to pressure, displacement, and temperature cycles
‐ User can specify N number of cycles for fatigue analysis
• Reference: Jump-free cyclic-loading solution

Total cycles jumped: 57 out of 100

Cycle jumps occur based on control criteria Cycle-jump solution agrees with reference at final time
(equivalent stress shown)

103
Solver
PCG Solver Enhancements
• Improved support for PCGOPTION,,,,,,,LM_KEY
‐ This option allows PCG solver to be used with models containing MPC184 joint elements
‐ Lagrange multiplier equations are automatically converted to constraint equations
‐ Robustness and performance of this feature have been improved
‐ Support for distributed Ansys has been added
‐ This feature is now enabled by default when it applies
‐ Caveat: only rigid link/beam and slider joint types are supported at this release
‐ Other MPC184 joint element types require use of the sparse solver

105
Distributed Ansys Enhancements
• Improved scaling
– Improved scaling for models involving bonded (linear) contact pairs at higher core
counts
• MPI library support
– Intel MPI 2018 Update 3 support is unchanged at this release
– IBM MPI support is dropped at this release
– OpenMPI v3.1.5 support is new at this release → for Linux only
– Microsoft MPI support is upgraded from v7.1 to v10.0 → for Windows only

106
 Distributed Ansys Enhancements
• Improved scaling for models involving linear contact (turbine model)
DMP Scaling Performance
64
2020 R1
32
2020 R2

Solution Speedup
16

50 MDOF; Sparse direct solver 4

Nonlinear, static analysis involving large
deflections, 20 equilibrium iterations, bonded 2
contact pairs
Linux cluster; each compute node contains 2
Intel Xeon Platinum 8260L processors (48 1
cores), 192GB RAM, SSD, CentOS 7.7, 32 128 512 2048 8192
Mellanox HDR Infiniband Number of Cores
• Cluster data provided by Intel via the Endeavor cluster

107
Miscellaneous Enhancements
• Upgraded to the Intel 2020 MKL libraries
• Pulled memory manager code into a new component → ansMemManager
‐ Improved documentation of FORTRAN and C interfaces

108
Structural Optimization
Level-Set Based Topology Optimization, Parameter-
free Morphing and SIMP
About the Optimization Setup
New capabilities have been brought in order to formulate more complex
problems:
• Geometric constraint (volume, mass, center of gravity, moment of inertia)
‐ Scope as many bodies as needed
• Optimization Region (O.R.)
‐ Create as many optimization regions as components in the model
‐ Each O.R. may have its own set of manufacturing constraints
‐ Combine different design variables (e.g. level-set and morphing) in the same problem
• Static Linear Analysis
‐ UDF work with displacement and Reaction-Force (beta)
‐ New vector reduction is available in UDF: magnitude, face normal, directional, etc. (beta)
‐ New Spatial Reduction are also available: sum, average, max-approximation, etc. (beta)
‐ Compliance as a constraint or as an objective

110
Example #1 Find the minimal amount of
material that meets the
expected stiffness performance

 min Volume (  )
( 1 ) =(1 ,2 ,3 )
P
Volume = 3.46e −4 m3
 st : Compliance (  )  1.5C0
1
With manufacturing constraints

 min Volume (  )
=( 1 ,2 ,3 )
 st : Compliance (  )  1.5C
 0

3 2 ( P2 )  max Thickness on Ω1
 2-sided y-pullout, and Max Thickness on Ω
 2
Volume = 3.91e −4 m3 ( +13% )
 2-sided x-pullout on Ω3
 (Impact of the manufacturing constraints)

Mix of design variables: Morphing & Level-set

 min Volume (  )
=( 1 ,2 ,3 )
3 optimization regions with their  st : Compliance (  )  1.5C
own set of Manufacturing ( P3 )  0

constraints ( 1 ) managed by Morphing


(  2 , 3 ) managed by Level-set

111
Example #2
• 4 optimization regions managed by SIMP method
• User Defined Function for reaction force

112
 Example #3
• 2 bodies (one is 10 times smaller) 2 optimization 2 primary criteria
• 2 optimization regions (managed by the level set method)
regions + 1 composite
• 2 displacement-based UDF (vector reduction=magnitude)
• 2 primary criteria + 1 composite  min ( J1 + 10 J 2 ) / J1 = u A , J 2 = u B /
=( 1 ,2 )
• Body scoping for geometric criterion 
 st : vol ( 1 )  0.001 m
3


 vol (  2 )  0.000001 m
3

2 geometric criteria with

their own Body scoping

113
Distributed Reading
• During the optimization, the distributed .rst files are read
• This saves the computation time for combining the .rst file in every optimization
iteration
• We observed a performance improvement for the topology optimization by 0 – 50%
depending on the model
• We observed the highest performance improvement for a topology optimization
with a modal feeder system where 10 modes are computed

114
From Topology Result to Validation
3. Export the model 4. Transfer to design
1. Prepare analysis
validation and edit
2. Define and
… run the optim

Criteria Initial Final (Validation) 5. Mesh, solve and compare

2.2362e-2 kg
Mass 9.2329e-2 kg
2.2489e-2 kg
0.2997 J
Compliance LC1 0.171 J
0.30751 J
0.0995 J
Compliance LC2 0.058 J
0.10501 J
20 069 Hz
1st Eigen Freq 17’699 Hz
19 639 Hz

115
Lattice Validation with a Homogenization Model
3. Export the model 4. Transfer Data to new static structural
1. Prepare analysis
2. Define and
… run the optim

Density Result

5. Solve
Back to SpaceClaim

Homogenization Deformation Result

116
 Level-Set based Topology
Optimization
Parameter-Free Morphing

117
Parameter-Free Morphing
• Improvements
‐ Faster and better convergence rate
min compliance (  )
• Mesh Deformation Control 


 st : vol (  )  50%
‐ Additional parameter (besides move limit
Optimizable faces in blue
control) permits to control the strain energy of MDC = 0.05
the mesh, in order not to go too far
‐ Ranges from 0 to 1 (default: 0.01)
‐ Smaller, the larger the deformation
• Manufacturing constraint compliance (  *) = 9.12
‐ Max thickness control is now available
MDC = 0.01
min compliance (  ) 
min compliance (  )


 
 st : vol (  )  50%  st : max T  0.03m


compliance (  *) = 8.70

118
Minimum and Maximum Member Size Control
min Compliance


Volume  Vmax

min Compliance
 
Volume  Vmax
 MaxThick  0.012


min Compliance
 
Volume  Vmax

 MaxThick  0.012
 MinThick  0.008


119
 Discovery
Multi-part optimization, generalized compliance, 1-sided pullout
Prescribed displacement Prescribed disp & accel. Static linear
& modal analysis

1-sided pullout
Force & acceleration

The generalized compliance

permits to handle many
contexts

non
optimizable non Load & thermal expansion
optimizable

Non
optimizable

120
SIMP Based Topology
Optimization
Scoping for Geometry Constraints
• Support body selection for
‐ Volume/mass constraint
‐ Minimum/maximum member size
‐ Extrusion
‐ Center of gravity
‐ Moment of inertia

122
Center of Gravity, Moment of Inertia
• Density-based topology optimization supports the MoI and the CoG as a constraint.
This feature is already available for level set

123
 Cyclic Region
• Also solution of topology optimization will be cyclic symmetric.

Solution of 2020 R1:

124
 Scoping for Geometry Constraints
• Extrusion on one body, pull out on the other body

125
Two Bug Fixes for Pure Thermal
• The first bug appeared for the combination of convection and thermal
compliance
• The second bug appeared for the combination of several temperatures with
different values, one other heat source and thermal compliance
• Without the fixes sometimes bad convergence behavior and early termination

126
Additive Solutions
 Feature Lists
Additive Prep Workbench Additive Additive Print Additive Science
• CLI Export for Prep • AM Wizard Updates • EOS Build Files • User-Defined Materials
• No-build Zones in Prep • VTK File Writing in MAPDL • MAPDL for Cutoff • Material Tuning Wizard
• Manually Modify STL • Voxelizer in Mesh Options • UI Improvements • Opening Process Parameters
Support Regions
• Body Connection for AM • Hanging Voxel Fix • 316L Material Added to
• Create Multiple Support Models Microstructure (beta)
• PCG Fix (impacts Cutoff)
Types in One Region
• Wizard to Transfer Results • Added Grain Boundary Map
• Scripting Support in Prep from AP to WA to Microstructure
• Wizard for Maraging Steel • Column of elements all
Material Model solidified (helps porosity)
• Incorrect Material Tuning
Corrected (helps porosity)
• Improved Grain Boundary
Morphology Prediction

128
Additive Prep
 Export CLI via EOS Build File or Quick CLI

Export CLI Files via EOS Build File Export CLI Files via Quick Export Button

130
 No-build Zones

• User Defines No-build Zones

‐ Size
‐ Location
‐ Quantity
‐ Each Independently Defined
• If part interferes with no-build zone user
is notified

131
Manually Modify STL Support Regions
Manually Define Support Regions
Subtract Selection from a Region

Add Selection to Region Region Manually Modified

132
Add Multiple Supports in a Single Region

• Add multiple types to a single region

• Only one support per type per region
• Example:
‐ Tree to support major surface
‐ Jogged rod to support edges of surface

133
Scripting Enabled
• Create scripts for repetitive tasks
• Create scripts for common workflows
• Create scripts for complicated
workflows
• Create tools to automatically run
scripts

134
Additive Print
EOS Build File
• Simulate directly from EOS Build File
• Connect with EOSPrint through API
• EOSPrint license required for Build File Upload

136
User Experience Improvements
• Use Ansys Help instead of PDF User Guide
• Coordinate Legend
• Simulation ID
• Max Amount of Storage for Layer by Layer Output

137
Additive Print Transfer Extension
• Extension to enable a smooth workflow for importing a completed Additive Print
simulation into Workbench Mechanical for additional post processing steps

138
VTK File Writing Capability Added to MAPDL
• New command implemented to write MAPDL deformations to vtk files
• This work allows Additive Print to maintain the distortion compensation workflow for
parts removed with the new cutoff implementation

MAPDL output vtk-file visualized in paraview Same result visualized in Mechanical APDL

139
Additive Science
User-defined Material and Tuning Wizard
• Modify all parameters in existing
materials
• User-defined materials for simulations
• Users must provide all material data in
correct file and format
• Support in developing new materials
• Added a Material Tuning Wizard to
help users automate their data tuning
to experimental data
• Added mode for Manual Tuning
‐ “Characteristic Width Calculation Mode”

141
Opening Process Parameter Ranges
Parameter 2020 R1 2020 R2
• Process parameters ranges
Beam Diameter 80 – 120 𝜇𝑚 10 – 140 𝜇𝑚
extended to enable
Laser Wattage 50 – 500 W 50 – 700 W
simulation of broader levels
of energy input Scan Speed 500 – 2500 mm/s 350 – 2500 mm/s

• Enables users to Heater Temperature 20 – 200 C 20 – 500 C

experiment with wider
range of scenarios
• Wider range of validation Melt Pool
may now be performed

142
Single Bead on Plate Added
• Users can now predict meltpool
dimensions with no powder layers
• Helps with tuning for User-defined No powder
materials input Preheat base layer Single bead
Print pads scan
plate
Spread a
AlSi10Mg Single Beads powder layer
• 885mm/s laser speed
• 220W laser power

Bead on Powder Bead on Plate

143
Microstructure Enhancements (Beta)
• 316 L (Beta): New material is added to Microstructure solver
• Added New Grain boundary plot which represent the boundary of each grain

144
Microstructure Improvements (Beta)
• Improved the overall grain morphology • Fixed the large gap issue in the grain
prediction boundary and grain number plot
‐ Example of vertical plane grain morphology
scanned using 0-90 scan pattern
2020 R1 2020 R2
2020 R1 2020 R2

145
Workbench Additive
Voxelization Cartesian Mesh Method
• Use the Additive Print voxelization technology
• Generate continuous cartesian meshes between
build parts and their supports
• Found on the Cartesian Mesh Method
• Especially useful for AM workflows

147
 MAPDL for Instantaneous and Directional Cutoff
• MAPDL used for cutoff in Additive print with rst and vtk
output
‐ rst output can be viewed in Mechanical
• Option available to do directional cutoff to model the
part being removed in a defined direction

Before Cutoff After Directional Cutoff

148
 Body Connection for AM Models (Beta)
• Beta capabilities for connections between parts and supports in AM simulations
• Particularly useful with layered tetrahedral meshes or stl supports
• Simplifies setup of complex AM models

149
 Voxelizer Mesh Option (Subset of Cartesian)
• New option to voxelize AM parts and supports using the AP voxelizer
• Option available in the Cartesian mesh method
• No additional connection between part and support is needed

150
Additive Wizard Updates
• Additive wizard updated:
‐ stl supports
‐ Voxel meshing
‐ Expanded use of layered tet meshing

151
Maraging Steel for AM Extension (Beta)
• Allow has unique distortions compared to other alloys when additively manufactured
due to a low temperature transformation from austenite to martensite
• Extension to model Maraging Steel for additive manufacturing simulations put
together to capture the effects of the transformation

152
 Other Significant Enhancements Supporting Additive Market
• Min Thickness (Beta)
Without min thickness
• Min and Max Member Size Control
• Back to CAD

min Compliance
  WITH min thickness
Volume  Vmax

 MaxThick  0.012
 MinThick  0.008


153
Composites
ACP and ACCS
3D Ply - Surface Mesh Independent Lay-up Mapping
• The 3D Ply is a new feature in Volume
ACP that allows to model 3D lay-
ups independently of a shell
reference surface
• 3D ply geometries can be Solid mesh 3D Plies
imported as CAD geometry or via
the HDF5 Composite CAE MAPPING
exchange format
• Use case: import of lay-up Transfer to
definitions directly from any CAD Analysis
system and map them onto an
independent solid mesh
Courtesy
of 9T Labs

155
Support of True Batch Mode
• ACP now has a “True Batch Mode” which
enables it to run on machines without any
installed graphics support
• Automatic updates which are performed in the
background now run in true batch mode
• To support screenshot generation a new
Workbench property has been added allowing
the user to run ACP in a hidden GUI mode

156
Lay-up Mapping - Various Enhancements
• The performance of the lay-up mapping
(Imported Solid Model) has been
improved. In addition, the robustness of
the lay-up mapping algorithm has been
enhanced
• Imported Solid Models can now be post-
postprocessed in ACP Post. Previously that
was only possible in Mechanical via the
Composite Failure Tool. This was made
possible through a minor refactoring of the
plots in ACP (strains, stresses, failures etc.)

157
Miscellaneous
• The HDF5 Composite CAE interface has
been refactored to support the new 3D
Ply workflow (Imported Modeling Plies)
• The new “Extract Materials From” action
located under Tools allows a direct
conversion of the materials from a HDF5
Composite CAE into an XML (matml) for
Engineering Data
• The color interpolation of the
deformation plot has been improved and
therefore the color bands look more
natural now

158
ACCS - New Material Models
• Implementation of Karkanas-Partridge cure kinetic model:
The new cure kinetic and diffusion limitation model allows the
simulation of more complex epoxy curing processes. See IMA-
M21 in the Cure Simulation material library
• New visco-elastic material model:
The new release of ACCS brings viscoelasticity to describe
epoxy behavior during cure and cool-down from cure
temperature
• First release of Cure Simulation of Thermo Plastic Materials:
For instance, supports the cure simulation of PEEKs and
Polyamides. The thermoplastic material model can be used in
combination with the thermosetting curing model. This is
particularly important for over-molding processes

159
ACCS - Miscellaneous
• The new release supports the “Element Birth and
Death” option which is handy to model multi-step
processes
• The new “Copy Analysis Settings” button can be used
to copy the solution step properties of the thermal
analysis to the structural analysis
• The IMA – M21 has been added to the material library
Cure Simulation
• Separate fibre and matrix properties in Engineering
Data while keeping also lamina property definitions as
before:
This feature allows the simulation of process variability
and volume fraction gradients during composite
production

160
Material Designer
Analytical Homogenization for Short Fiber Composites
• Material Designer can now compute homogenized
material data for short fiber composites using an
analytical approach
• Based on Mori-Tanaka homogenization combined
with orientations averaging
• Efficient alternative to finite element-based
homogenization
• Compute temperature, volume fraction and
orientation dependent elasticity, thermal
expansion and thermal conductivity properties in
a matter of seconds

162
Short Fiber RVE Improvements

New algorithm for the generation of short

fiber RVEs:
• It optimizes the fiber orientations such
that the target orientation tensor is
matched more exactly.
• Up to 10 times faster for large RVEs.
• Achieves slightly higher fiber volume
fractions.

Note: the “Chopped Fiber RVE” was renamed to “Short Fiber

RVE” to be more aligned with the literature.

163
Variable Material Improvements
• New custom sampling strategy to specify
arbitrary parameter values.
• For short fiber composites:
‐ A new wizard guides you through the
generation of a suitable sampling of the
parameter space
‐ You can now generate a variable material with
fewer evaluations by exploiting the symmetry
of the material data with respect to the
orientation tensor

164
Explicit Dynamics
Mechanical Explicit Dynamics Systems
Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics
• Workbench LS-DYNA and Explicit Dynamics now support SPH
• Particle Objects
• Particle Mesh method
• Visualization:
‐ Meshing
‐ Post processing
• Solver specific
analysis settings

166
Miscellaneous
• Linux has a new default for MPI: Intel MPI – IBM MPI has been discontinued
• Command snippet option:
‐ Penaltyfactor,Bonded,<value>
‐ May be used to overcome stability issues by reverting to values lower than 0.1 (default)

167
Workbench LS-DYNA
 Workbench LS-DYNA is now LS-DYNA
• The two systems (Workbench LS-DYNA and Restart Workbench LS-DYNA) have been
renamed to LS-DYNA and LS-DYNA Restart
• LS-DYNA simulation can now be created directly from within Mechanical

169
Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics
• Workbench LS-DYNA and Explicit Dynamics now support SPH
• Particle Objects
• Particle Mesh method
• Visualization:
‐ Meshing
‐ Post processing

• Solver specific
analysis settings

170
New Analysis Settings
• In support of the new SPH method, various SPH Controls have added to the GUI to
maximize flexibility in the definition of the SPH simulation
• The Invariant Node Numbering and the Second Order Stress Update can now be
defined by the user, to improve accuracy of the calculation

171
LS-DYNA
12.0 Release
Pacemaker+ Valve On A Ventricle
Electrophysiology (EP) = ElectroMagnetics + InCompressible Fluid Dynamics + Mechanics

Iso-Surface fluid velocity Section plane fluid velocity

173
Battery Module
Module
crush
4 models depending on scale/detail
• Solid elements: internal/external shorts, cell
• Composite Tshells: internal/external shorts, cell/module
• Macro model: internal/external shorts, pack/battery
• Meshless model: external shorts, module/pack/battery

Battery crush Nail penetration Battery cooling

174
Implicit Incompressible SPH (IISPH)
• Implicit, incompressible SPH formulation allows larger timestep size
• Tailored for wading-type problems

175
Porous Media Through Parachute and Membranes

• 2D and 3D FSI porous/permeable parachutes and membranes modeling

• Pressure drop through the fabric thickness is modeled
• A flexible user interface to define the porous parameters
Face mask simulation

176
 Electromagnetics: Other Important Additions
• Added EM Mortar types to improve accuracy in RSW and other applications
• Support of eroding conductors
• Added coupling with the ICFD solver. ICFD meshes can be defined as conductors. This can be useful for applications
such as electrostatics or the study of external shorts caused by water ingress.​
• Addition of monolithic solver for FEM+BEM solve (higher time steps and improved stability for ferromagnetic
materials)
• Support of erosion of conductors
• Addition of LLT factorization as a preconditioner for BEM solver in MPP

Coupled EM+ICFD simulation : battery

connectors shorted by water
Resistive spot welding simulation

177
ICFD - Sliding Mesh
• For rotating machinery. Flow properties for transient or steady state. Used
to avoid mesh distortions
Blood pump Wind turbine

Fluid Structure Interaction

Flow
Structural response

178
 ICFD - Immersed Interface Solver, Sliding Mesh Etc.

Immersed
Periodic • A first version of the immersed interface solver, SMP Interface
Boundary Cond. and no FSI for this first release
• Sliding mesh
• Periodic boundary conditions: Various improvements
and fixes in FSI, conjugate heat, meshing, etc.

Immersed Interface
Overset meshes
Sliding mesh

179
 ICFD - Parachute Simulation and Irregular Ocean Waves
• Parachute Simulation: porous
media on fabric materials.
• A complete set of 2D and 3D
regular and Irregular wave shapes
for deep/intermediate/shallow
water flows
Irregular Ocean waves + high end rendering post

2nd Order Stokes

Solitons+FSI

180
Electrochemistry Li-Ion Battery Solver

1. Dual insertion Model

2. LixC6 | LiyMn2O4 3. LixC6 | NMC811 4. Open circuit potentials

181
Electrochemistry-Thermal-Mechanical Coupling

182
 Moment-Consistent Smoothed Particle Galerkin Method
• MC-SPG Has a wide application in material failure and large deformation analyses
• An explicit dynamics method, initiated in 2018, released for the first time in 12
• Improved the accuracy and efficiency of original SPG method developed in 2015
• Thermal-mechanical coupled; Allow immersion of beam elements
Manufacturing Defense and Civil

Joining composite ALE air in SPG SPH water jet frilling Penetration of a rebar
Metal cutting Metal grinding
and steel plates Joint strength analysis metal explosion of SPG rocks concrete

Automotive Consumer Goods Biomedical

Expansive
FEM-Shells MC-SPG Solid

Courtesy of JSOL Courtesy of JSOL Courtesy of Ming Xu, Ansys

Sever deformation of orthotropic foam barrier Failure of a composite tray Bone Drilling Simulation

183
Structured-ALE: Bird strike – Mesh motion + trimming

AWG ERIF Test Case 5: Bird Strike on Rigid Plate http://awg.lstc.com/

METHODS # of SMP 1 SMP MPP 4 MPP

Elements Core Savings Core Savings
ALE 84800 1204 s 321 s
S-ALE 84800 675 s 44% 191 s 40%
S-ALE trim 43219 426 s 65% 112 s 65%

184
 Structured-ALE: Low Speed Flow – Dam Break
*EOS_MURNAGHAN:

Long duration, low speed flow. We scale up

the timestep by reducing the sound speed.
This approach is physically sound as long as
the reduced sound speed is still 10 times
larger than the flow speed.

Compression ratio vs Pressure

(gamma=7)
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5
Fast: 2.5 million ALE elements; 4s simulation time finished in 3hrs with 48 cores

185
NVH - More Options to Compute Radiated Acoustic Power
Based on SSD (*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_SSD), three options to compute radiated acoustic power are provided
• Classic ERP (based on plane wave theory)
• Corrected ERP (with radiation factor correction)
• Radiated power by Rayleigh integral
Radiation efficiency can be
computed based on A and C

ERP density plot

186
Fatigue - Fatigue damage growth simulation
*DATABASE_D3FTG With predefined time step in writing d3ftg database, the fatigue damage development
process in a model can be animated and visualized by a series of plots at different time
Card 1 1 2
points. Additionally, with the multi-state d3ftg, one can plot the cumulative damage
Variable BINARY DT
Type I F ratio vs. time curve for an element and estimate when the element reaches failure
Default 1 none point due to fatigue.

187
 Fatigue - Fatigue Failure Simulation
With predefined threshold fatigue failure damage ratio , failed elements
*FATIGUE_FAILURE (cumulative damage ratio reaches ) can be removed from the structure for
Card 1 1 2
Variable IFAILURE DRATIO
subsequent computation. With this feature, structural mechanical analysis and
Type I F fatigue analysis are seamlessly coupled.
Default 0 1.0

188
Dual-mesh CESE Solver - A Significant Improvement over CESE
• Regular CESE
‐ Flow variables are solved & stored at one set of solution points of element centers
• New dual CESE
‐ Flow variables are solved & stored at two sets of solution points of element centers
& element vertices in two successive time steps
‐ More accurate if the same mesh is used
‐ More stable, especially for 2D triangle & 3D tetrahedron meshes; *MESH cards can be used.

Regular CESE mesh dual CESE mesh

189
Dual-mesh CESE Solver - A Significant Improvement over CESE
• More major features of dual CESE solvers:
‐ Mesh can be broken up into regions/parts with a different solver per region,
to help optimize solver performance.
‐ Complex fluid EOS are available through access to the REFPROP and COOLPROP EOS libraries.
• We are continuing to add *CESE features to the new *DUALCESE solver.
• FSI example: fold bag deployment by high pressure & high velocity inflows

190
LS-OPT 6.1 - Curve Matching for Material Calibration
Addressing incompatible curves using DTW-p

Partial Dynamic
Time Warping
(DTW with
iterative
remeshing).
Patent pending
Test end point
Test end point
GISSMO material model
(commonly used in the
automotive industry for
damage modeling). Note Truncated curves and final
incompatibility with calibration match
Baseline computed curve lengths 10 Iterations

191
Material Calibration (DIC) - Optimal Strain Contours (DTW map)

Computed Difference

Difference (magnified)
Experiment (DTW map)

192
LS-TaSC - Constrained Multidisciplinary Design Optimization
• Aiming to address constrained MDO problems in combination with crash, NVH, and statics load cases
𝐿
min ෍ 𝑤𝑙 𝑓𝑙 (𝒙ሻ
𝒙 𝑙=1

s. t. 𝑔𝑙𝑗 𝒙 ≤ 0 (𝑗 = 1, 2, … ൯

Example: MDO of an Automotive Crash Box

• Objective: Minimize mass
• Constraints: (1) Max. energy absorption;
(2) 1st bending frequency in Y-direction;
(3) 1st bending frequency in Z-direction.

Bumper parts

Crash box

baseline: solid block

optimum design top section view

193
Rigid Body Dynamics
Simplified Analysis Settings
• More automatic settings driven by the program
• Program controlled settings are recall in the log file
• Reduced choice of time integration
‐ Schematically, RK4 rigid mechanism, Implicit (stabilized) Generalized-Alpha flexible, MJ Time
stepping contact

195
Friction In

• Friction was already available in translational, cylindrical and revolute joint

• Now also available in universal, spherical, slot, point-on-curve joint and imperfect
joints (in-plane radial gap, spherical gap, radial gap)

196
Improved Contact Points Computation
• New computation strategy for penetrated points: improved contact robustness in
ambiguous configuration

197
Aqwa
Improved Definition of Graphical Results in Aqwa Workbench Editor
• Previously the user was limited to 4 lines per
graphical result
• All lines were defined in the same Details
panel – inconvenient to use
• Now the user creates a graph result object,
which defines the abscissa for the graph axes
• Up to 20 line input objects are added to this,
defining the result type, subtype, component
etc.
• Inputs can be duplicated within their parent
graph
• Graphs can be duplicated within the Solution
• Graphs can be copied/pasted between
Solutions within the same project, where
applicable (e.g. between time domain
systems)

199
 Time Domain Pressure Mapping from Hydrodynamic Response to Static Structural
• We can now map time domain nonlinear hydrodynamic pressures in severe waves
on to an FEM model for stress analysis
• New linkage on the Project Schematic allows a Hydrodynamic Response system to
share pressures and accelerations with a Static Structural system

Hydrodynamic Response

• The AqwaLoadMapping ACT extension reads in the external surface and internal
tank pressures, as well as the structure accelerations, from a time domain HR
system which includes Time Domain Pressure Output (.PRS file from Aqwa)
• The user selects a single time step, a range of time steps or all time steps from those
available in the PRS file
• The ACT extension rotates the structure accelerations from the instantaneous
position in the time domain HR system to the definition position in the Static
Structural system Static Structural

200
Incorporate Aqwa Legacy Documentation into the Ansys Online Help Build
• Provides easier access to Aqwa documentation for products outside of Workbench
• All the Aqwa documentation (exception AqwaGS) is available in the Online Help

201
Ansys Sherlock
Ansys Electronics Simulation Workflow

Power and Signal

Electrical Simulation
Integrity Analysis
JOULE HEATING
LOSSES
TEMPERATURE FIELD

Thermal Simulation Thermal Analysis

TEMPERATURE FIELD

Mechanical Simulation Stress Analysis

LIFETIME PREDICTION

Reliability Analysis

203
Sherlock Export of
Reinforcements
Sherlock Export of Reinforcements
• Helps model electronics more accurately
‐ Captures metal, trace, plane, pad, via, and microvia geometry
‐ Can be used to model chip, substrate, and PCB layout

• Important because increasing number of test and field

failures are driven by the exact layout
‐ Extreme Low-K (ELK) fracture
‐ Joule Heating, Warpage
‐ Microvia separation, Solder dewetting
‐ Thermo-mechanical fatigue (solder joints)

• Part of a broad, Ansys-unique portfolio in modeling electronics

‐ All these pre-processing techniques are available in Sherlock

205
Reinforcements – Technical
• Reinforcements are 2D or 1D elements that are embedded
in 3D structural elements (‘base’ elements)
‐ Strain in the reinforcements is computed from the displacement
field of the embedding elements
‐ Implies a strong bond between the reinforcement and the
surrounding material

• Sherlock passes along the 1D, 2D, and 3D geometry to

SpaceClaim (traces, vias, etc.)
Meshed PCB with Trace Modeling Approach

• Benefit of reinforcements is that layout does not influence

the overall mesh
‐ Without being forced to conform to the complex geometry of
traces, the mesh can consist almost entirely of hexahedral
elements (‘bricks’)
‐ Bricks are preferred over tetrahedral elements for mechanical
simulation because ‘tets’ tend to be too stiff

Meshed PCB with Reinforcement Approach

206
Reinforcement Value – Case Study
• PCBs with buried vias can see unique solder failures
‐ PCB expands non-uniformly (buried via acts like a rivet), causing
solder separation
‐ Buried via also conducts more heat to the solder joint, which may
cause partial melting and solder dewetting
• This mechanism can only be captured through trace
reinforcements

207
Reinforcements Workflow

Ansys SpaceClaim Ansys Mechanical

General modifications (if needed) Assign traces/vias as reinforcements
Vias modelling Setup simulation and solve
Sherlock
SpaceClaim
Mechanical
Efficient workflows for trace
reinforcement models

Ansys Sherlock Ansys Mechanical

Export Traces and Vias Post-process results on traces
Export PCB and components

208
Workbench Integration
 Workbench Integration
• Simplifies, accelerates, and expands mechanical,
thermal, and reliability simulations of electronics
‐ Automates export of geometry and properties from
Sherlock to SpaceClaim and Ansys Mechanical
‐ Automates import of simulation results from Ansys
Mechanical to Sherlock
‐ Allows Sherlock to be utilized within larger electro-mechanical systems

• Important because time = money

‐ Customers find value in anything that accelerates simulations

• This is the first step in expanding electronics simulation in Ansys (2021 R1)
‐ One-click/non-UI process for simulation-ready models from ECAD files
‐ Run batch simulations to create reliability design of experiments (DoE)

210
Workbench Integration – Technical
• For mechanical analysts that perform simulation of electronics inside Workbench,
they can now access built-in strain-based failure models without leaving their
environment
‐ This is a significant improvement over gut-feel/design rules based evaluation of mechanical
simulation results

• Implementing Sherlock into large-scale, multi-board systems outside of Workbench

was challenging
‐ Required importing and exporting very large models
‐ Within Workbench, separate Sherlock models can be assigned to the larger system

211
Workbench Value – Case Study
• Rapid creation of ball grid array (BGA)/chip scale package (CSP) models based on
GDSII or ODB files
• Prediction of warpage, extreme low-K (ELK) fracture, and solder fatigue
• Vibration workflow that includes PCBA and case/enclosure
• Streamlines ability to model and predict reliability of a multi-board automotive
autonomous electronic control unit (ECU)
• Trace modeling for via stress

212
Sherlock Export to Ansys
Icepak
Sherlock Export to Classic Icepak
• Drives more accurate thermal simulation
‐ Automatically assigns material properties and
provides detailed package geometries
• Power, consumer, and automotive electronics
increasingly need more detailed package models to
accurately capture temperature rise
‐ Simple approaches, like two-resistor, are no longer
sufficient
• Expansion of seamless ECAD-to-CAE/CFD workflow
offered by Ansys

214
Export to Classic Icepak - Technical
• Classic Icepak can import IDF and Gerber
‐ Neither file type provides detailed package information; only
keep-out zones and component heights
‐ Neither file type provides material properties

• Sherlock exports geometry and material properties to

Classic Icepak
‐ Geometry in the form of a .STL file
‐ Exported material property islumped conductivity

• Leverages Sherlock’s unique pre-processing ability

‐ Import wide range of ECAD files (Gerber, ODB, IPC-2581)
‐ Extract information using embedded libraries

215
Icepak Export - Case Study
• The locations of autonomous sensors, such as lidar,
are highly variable
‐ Under hood, headlight cavity, roof, etc.

• A key determining factor is thermal loads (how hot?)

and reliability (how long?)
Natural Convection
• System designers can optimize performance and cost
early in the design cycle only through a tight linkage

GRAVITY
between Sherlock and Icepak and back to Sherlock

216
DCS
Distributed Compute Services
Modifying Files via the DPS Web User Interface
• It is now possible to modify files associated with a process steps through the DPS web UI

• Add input or output files • Edit text input files in-place

• Replace files in process steps
• Remove files

218
Propagation of Process Step Requirements to Simulation Runs
Option 1: Via the execution command Option 2: Via input files
• Specify placeholder in execution command of • Specify parameter locations to replace process step
properties in input files
process step
• Functionality exposed via REST/python client
• Example for a MAPDL command • For projects sent by Workbench a num_cores parameter
location is automatically generated and replaced in the
WB update script
• Python code example for a project generated with
Workbench:

cfg.add_parameter_location(
• Supported placeholders: key_string="number_of_cores",
%num_cores%(*), %memory%, tokenizer="=",
%disk_space%, %platform% process_step_property="num_cores",
file_id=wbjn.id
)

• Supported process step properties:

name, application_name, application_version,
execution_command, execution_level, num_cores(*),
memory, disk_space, num_trials, cpu_core_usage,
max_execution_time

(*) num_cores is derived from cpu_core_usage as num_cores=round(cpu_core_usage) if round(cpu_core_usage)>0 else 1

219
DCS support for Material Selection Parameter in Mechanical
• Material Assignment in Mechanical can now be exposed as a string parameter
• This allows to run design point studies using different materials with DCS

Mechanical / Workbench

DCS

220
Beta Features
Ansys Mechanical
Linear Dynamics Beta Features
 One-way Vibro-acoustics with Skip (Beta)
• Allow one-way vibro-acoustics for a Harmonic Response solved with Skip Expansion

Skip Expansion

223
 Component Mode Synthesis (CMS) using RSM (Beta)
• Generation pass and use pass using Component Mode Synthesis (CMS) method can now
be solved using Remote Solve Manager (RSM)
• Generation Pass and use pass uses the same solve process settings as shown below
• Generation pass uses the RSM solution by solving it in synchronous mode even if the user
does not select this option

224
 Imported CFD Pressure (Beta)
• Mechanical supports adding Imported Pressure (Beta) load in Harmonic Acoustics analysis
which read the CGNS file and map the pressure load in Mechanical. The CGNS file is
written by Fluent

225
CABLE Element (Beta)
• For line bodies in Workbench Mechanical which
have their Model Type property set as “Cable”,
the application now supports a new element
type CABLE280
• This element type is automatically sent to the
solver, if the mesh created for those line bodies
are of higher order and the feature flag “Use
cable higher order element” is selected from
project schematic
• The use of this element not only produces
higher rates of convergence but also increases
result accuracy

226
Contact Interface Treatment (Beta)
• Workbench Mechanical now supports
additional contact interface treatment
options as beta and with these additional
options, Mechanical now covers all
possible combinations of different choices
users can make about inclusion or
exclusion of the following while simulating
a contact condition:
1. Gaps / Penetrations
2. Offsets
3. Initial Contact Status
4. Ramping

227
Recording (Beta through feature flag)
• To enable recording, turn on the Beta feature and enable the Recording feature flag
from project schematic

228
Recording (Beta through feature flag)
• Recording of Additive Manufacturing Process Worksheet actions: The add step,
delete step, drag and drop (swap) step and reset all actions are supported

229
Recording (Beta through feature flag)
• Recording of Expansion Settings Worksheet actions (Expansion Pass using CMS)

230
Recording (Beta through feature flag)
• Recording of Condensed Part
Worksheet actions (Generation Pass
using CMS)
• The supported actions
are Clear, Add, Delete, Type, Named
Selection and Remote Point Selection

231
Bottom Up CMS (Beta)
• To activate the Bottom Up CMS feature, turn “On” the Beta feature and enable
“Bottom Up Substructuring” feature flag on project schematic

232
Bottom Up CMS (Beta)
• Export the Condensed Part after performing the generation pass. Export Condensed
Part (Beta) option is available on Condensed part

233
Bottom Up CMS (Beta)
• The exported condensed part can then be imported to any Mechanical session by
inserting an Imported Condensed Part (Beta) object and using Import Condensed
Part (Beta) operation. You can also select multiple Imported Condensed Parts to
perform import operation

234
Bottom Up CMS (Beta)
• From the interfaces generated from Imported Condensed Part, the corresponding
element or nodal named selections can then be created from worksheet by explict
user action shown below
• These named selections can then be used in defining connections and boundary
conditions for the use pass. Expansion pass is not supported with Bottom Up CMS

235
Coupled Field Harmonic and Modal Analysis with Piezoelectric
Coupling (Beta)
• In order to create Coupled Field Harmonic and Modal Analysis from Workbench
Project Schematic, the user need to turn “On” the beta feature and activate the
feature flag "Allow Coupled Field Harmonic and Modal for Piezo Electric" from
Tools-> Options

236
Coupled Field Harmonic and Modal Analysis
with Piezoelectric Coupling (Beta)
• Physics region can select bodies with both Structural and Electric Physics enabled.
The Electric Physics has options of “Charge Based” or “Off”. When both Structural
and Electric physics is enabled, the Peiezoelectric coupling is turned “On” and will be
in read only

237
Coupled Field Harmonic and Modal
Analysis with Piezoelectric Coupling (Beta)
• Apart from Structural boundary conditions, Electric Charge and Voltage is available
under Electric menu option. Coupling (beta) object can be used for voltage coupling

238
Coupled Field Harmonic and Modal
Analysis with Piezoelectric Coupling (Beta)
• Apart from structural results, electrical results
such as Voltage, Electric Flux Intensity and
Electric Field Intensity are available through
toolbar and context menu. “All Electric Bodies”
expression is used for applicable Electric results

239
Coupled Field Harmonic
and Modal Analysis with Piezoelectric Coupling (Beta)
• In Coupled Field Modal analysis, apart from
the structural constraints, Voltage is available
under Electric group. Upon solving under
solution, the frequencies and corresponding
mode shapes are available

240
Pull Operation to Create 3D Mesh from 2D Surface (Beta)
• Pull (beta) object can be inserted under Mesh Edit folder and can be used with
extrude or revolve method to create 3D Mesh from 2D geometry. It is available with
lower order mesh

241
Structural Optimization
Level-Set Based Topology Optimization,
Parameter-free Morphing and SIMP
Beta Features
From Topology Result to CAD (Beta) 4. Transfer to design validation and
edit the geometry
3. Export the model
1. Prepare analysis
2. Define and
… run the optim

5. Run the AutoSkin

243
 Level-Set based Topology
Optimization, Parameter-Free
Morphing Beta Features

244
Min Thickness (Beta)
Without min thickness
• Motivation
‐ Sometimes required for casting or AM processes
• About the method
‐ Minthick is managed via a 2-step optimization process
‐ A 1st run is performed without this constraint
‐ A 2nd run is then launched with MinThick if it is not yet satisfied
‐ This 2-step strategy avoids to fall into an irrelevant local
minimum min Compliance


• Recommendations Volume  Vmax
‐ Do only activate this constraint if your process requires it
‐ Minthick may sometimes force to keep unnecessary material
that will then limit the gain on the objective function

WITH min thickness

min Compliance
 
Volume  Vmax
 MinThick  6dx


245
Static Linear Analysis - Stress Criterion (Beta)
• Motivations
‐ Stress criterion is asked by many industrial sectors (automotive, aeronautic, heavy industry, etc.)
‐ It aims to take into account yield strength concern during the optimization process
‐ It is then expected to dilute stress peak
• Remarks
‐ By contrast to the scalar criteria values, stress is a pointwise criterion (i.e. defining on each element)
‐ This criterion requires very dedicated numerical scheme
• Recommendation and notes
‐ It is strongly recommended to combine this criterion with a stiffness criterion (e.g. compliance,
displacement or reaction force)
‐ Stress criterion can be used as a constraint or as an objective
‐ Stress is available for SIMP, Level-set and Morphing
‐ Only Von Mises is currently managed

246
Example #1 (Academic LBeam) Expected stress peak
due to this sharp
edge
Without
stress constraint
min Volume


 s.t. Compliance  Cmax

Impact of the stress constraint

WITH stress
constraint Round re-intrant
corner removes
the stress peak

min Volume
 
 s.t. Compliance  Cmax
 Stress   , x  
 max

247
 With Stress Without Stress Static Analysis

248
Other Examples
With Parameter-free Morphing
min  max Stress ( x ) 
   x 

 s.t. Volume  Vmax
 compliance  C
 max

(stress minimization)

Optimizable faces in blue

min Volume
 
 s.t. Compliance  Cmax
 stress  S
 max

(stress constraint)

min Volume
 
 s.t. Complaince  Cmax
 stress  S
 max

249
SIMP Based Topology Optimization
Beta Features
Combination Pull-Out and Symmetry (Beta)

251
Advanced Filter (Beta)
• Currently the results might depend on the design space. The boundary can become
dominant
• Improvement of basis algorithm for density-based topology optimization to avoid this
boundary dominance
• Can be activated in the Analysis Settings by setting the option Filter (beta) to Non-
Linear

252
Advanced Filter (Beta)

253
LS-DYNA
12.0 Release Beta Features
Coupled - Electro-Physiology (Beta)
Cardiac electro-physiology (EP): study of the heart • Monodomain, Bidomain and bath loading
electrical system models
• FitzHugh-Nagumo, Fenton-Karma, ten Tusscher
• Help diagnostic (ECG)
and Panfilov and user defined ionic models
• Understand abnormal heart beat, arrhythmia • Automatic generation of beams Purkinje
• Assist therapy planning (medicine, pacemaker, Network for coupling with the volumic mono or
surgery, …) bidomain models
And coupling with mechanics and FSI for heart • EP benchmarks including FDA benchmark
simulations successfully performed

EP wave propagation in Purkinje

Mono+bi-domain+bath coupling
Spiral wave in a ventricle network coupled with monodomain

255
DCS
Distributed Compute Services
Beta Features
DCS-optiSlang Integration (Beta)
• New DPS (veta) system in optiSLang allows for seamless connection between
optiSLang and DCS. This enables application of optiSLang algorithms in DCS projects
optiSLang
Workbench / Mechanical

DCS

257