MATHEMATICS

Class 9th (KPK)

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 1
Chapter # 7

UNIT # 7
LINEAR EQUATIONS AND INEQULITIES
Ex # 7.1 Ex # 7.1
Linear equation 2𝑥 + 3 = −6𝑥 + 7
An equation the highest degree or exponent of a Subtract 3 from B.S
variable is one is called linear equation. 2𝑥 + 3 − 3 = −6𝑥 + 7 − 3
Linear equation in one variable 2𝑥 = −6𝑥 + 4
A linear equation in which one variable is used is 𝐴𝑑𝑑 6𝑥 𝑜𝑛 𝐵. 𝑆
called linear equation in one variable. 2𝑥 + 6𝑥 = −6𝑥 + 6𝑥 + 4
General form 8𝑥 = 4
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 = 0 Divide B.S by 8
Example: 8𝑥 4
2𝑥 + 3 = 0 =
8 8
5 1
𝑦−4=0 𝑥=
2 2
5𝑥 − 15 = 2𝑥 + 3 Verification
Solution of Linear Equation 1
Put 𝑥 = in equ (i)
To solve the linear equation, follow the following 2
steps. 1 1
2 ( ) + 3 = 1 − 6 ( − 1)
First solve the brackets if any 2 2
Now shift the constant term to other side of 1−2
1 + 3 = 1 − 6( )
equation by adding or subtracting to B.S 2
−1
Transfer all terms containing variable on one 4 = 1 − 6( )
2
side and simplify them if any.
4 = 1 − 3(−1)
Divide or multiply both sides of the equation by
4=1+3
the co – efficient of the variable.
4=4
At last, sing numerical value is obtained.
1
Verify by putting the value in original equation. Thus Solution Set = { }
2
Example # 3
‫رکںی۔‬Solve ‫ وک‬Brackets ‫ےلہپ‬ 𝒙 𝟏
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝟑𝒙 + − 𝟓 = + 𝟓𝒙
𝟓 𝟓
‫ رکےک‬Subtract ‫یا‬Add ‫رکںی‬Shift ‫وکدورسےرطف‬constant term‫رھپ‬ Solution:
‫ رکںی‬Shift ‫وکیھبایرطف‬Term ‫واےل‬Variable 𝑥 1
3𝑥 + − 5 = + 5𝑥 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
‫ ےک‬Co – efficient ‫ےک‬Variable ‫ےکدوونںرطف‬Equation 5 5
Separate the variable and constant
‫رکںی‬Divide‫یا‬Multiply‫اسھت‬ 𝑥 1
3𝑥 + − 5𝑥 = + 5
Example # 2 5 5
Solve 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 = 𝟏 − (𝒙 − 𝟏) 𝑥 1
3𝑥 − 5𝑥 + = + 5
Solution: 5 5
𝑥 1
2𝑥 + 3 = 1 − 6(𝑥 − 1) … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) + 3𝑥 − 5𝑥 = + 5
5 5
2𝑥 + 3 = 1 − 6𝑥 + 6 𝑥 1
2𝑥 + 3 = −6𝑥 + 1 + 6 − 2𝑥 = + 5
5 5
 2
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.1 Ex # 7.1
𝑥 − 10𝑥 1 + 25 Now shift the variable and constant
=
5 5 13𝑥 − 5𝑥 = 20 − 4
−9𝑥 26 8𝑥 = 16
=
5 5 Divide B.S by 8
Multiply B.S by 5 8𝑥 16
−9𝑥 26 =
5× =5× 8 8
5 5 𝑥=2
−9𝑥 = 26
Thus present age of daughter = 𝑥 = 2𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠
Divide B.S by -9
And present age of mother = 13 × 2
−9𝑥 26
= = 26𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠
−9 −9
26 Example # 5
𝑥=− A number consist of two digits. The sum of
9
Verification digits is 8. If digits are interchanged, then new
26 number becomes 36 less than the original
Put 𝑥 = − in equ (i) numbers. Find the number.
9
26 Solution:
26 − 1 26
3 (− ) + 9 − 5 = + 5 (− ) 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒 = 𝑥
9 5 5 9
26 26 1 130 𝐴𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒 = 𝑦
− + (− ) ÷ 5 − 5 = − 𝑆𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 = 10 × 𝑦 + 1 × 𝑥
3 9 5 9
26 26 1 1 130 = 10𝑦 + 𝑥
− − × −5= −
3 9 5 5 9 𝐼𝑓 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑑
26 26 1 130 𝑁𝑒𝑤 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 = 10 × 𝑥 + 1 × 𝑦
− − −5= −
3 45 5 9 = 10𝑥 + 𝑦
−390 − 26 − 225 9 − 650 According to given conditions
=
45 45 Sum of digits is 8
−641 −641
= So,
45 45
26 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 8 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
Thus Solution Set = { − } And
9
Example # 4 𝑁𝑒𝑤 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 = 𝑂𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 − 36
Age of mother is 13 time the age of her 10𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10𝑦 + 𝑥 − 36
daughter. It will be only five times after four 10𝑥 − 𝑥 = 10𝑦 − 𝑦 − 36
years. Find their present ages. 9𝑥 = 9𝑦 − 36
Solution: 9𝑥 = 9(𝑦 − 4)
Let the present age of daughter = 𝑥 years Divide B.S by 9
So the present age of mother = 13𝑥 years 9𝑥 9(𝑦 − 4)
=
After four years 9 9
Age of daughter = (𝑥 + 4)𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑥 = 𝑦 − 4 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖)
and age of mother = (13𝑥 + 4)𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠 Put 𝑥 = 𝑦 − 4in equ (i)
According to condition 𝑦−4+𝑦 =8
Add 4 on B.S
Age of mother = 5(Age of daughter)
13𝑥 + 4 = 5(𝑥 + 4) 𝑦−4+4+𝑦 =8+4
13𝑥 + 4 = 5𝑥 + 20 𝑦 + 𝑦 = 12
2𝑦 = 12
 3
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.1 Ex # 7.1
Divide B.S by 2 Add 10 on B.S
2𝑦 12 9𝑥 − 10 + 10 = 30 + 10
=
2 2 9𝑥 = 40
𝑦=6 Divide 9 on B.S
Put 𝑦 = 6in equ (ii) 9𝑥 40
𝑥 =6−4 =
9 9
𝑥=2 40
𝑥=
𝐴𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑂𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 = 10𝑦 + 𝑥 9
= 10(6) + 2 Verification
= 60 + 2 40
Put 𝑥 = in equ (i)
= 62 9
3 40 2
× − =2
Exercise # 7.1 5 9 3
1 8 2
Page # 177 × − =2
1 3 3
Q1: Find the solution sets of the following equations 8 2
and verify the answer. − =2
3 3
(i) 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟖 = 𝟐𝟑 8−2
Solution: =2
3
5𝑥 + 8 = 23 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) 6
=2
Subtract 8 from B.S 3
5𝑥 + 8 − 8 = 23 − 8 2=2
5𝑥 = 15 40
Thus Solution Set = { }
Divide 5 on B.S 9
5𝑥 15 (iii) 𝟔𝒙 − 𝟓 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟗
= Solution:
5 5
𝑥=3 6𝑥 − 5 = 2𝑥 + 9 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
Verification Add 5 on B.S
Put 𝑥 = 3 in equ (i) 6𝑥 − 5 + 5 = 2𝑥 + 9 + 5
5(3) + 8 = 23 6𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 14
15 + 8 = 23 Subtract 2𝑥 from B.S
23 = 23 6𝑥 − 2𝑥 = 2𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 14
Thus Solution Set = { 3 } 4𝑥 = 14
Divide B.S by 4
𝟑 𝟐 4𝑥 14
(ii) 𝒙− =𝟐 =
𝟓 𝟑 4 4
Solution: 7
𝑥=
3 2 2
𝑥 − = 2 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) Verification
5 3
9𝑥 − 10 7
=2 Put 𝑥 = in equ (i)
15 2
Multiply 15 on B.S 7 7
6( ) − 5 = 2( ) +9
9𝑥 − 10 2 2
× 15 = 2 × 15 3(7) − 5 = 7 + 9
15
9𝑥 − 10 = 30 21 − 5 = 16
16 = 16
 4
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.1 Ex # 7.1
7 −17
Thus Solution Set = { } Put 𝑥 = in equ (i)
2 14
1 2
=
−17
𝟐
=
𝟏 7( ) + 13 9
(iv) 14
𝒙−𝟏 𝒙−𝟐 1 2
Solution: =
−17 9
2 1 2 + 13
= … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
𝑥−1 𝑥−2 1 2
By Cross Multiplication =
−17 + 26 9
2(𝑥 − 2) = 1(𝑥 − 1) 2
2𝑥 − 4 = 𝑥 − 1 1 2
=
Add 4 on B.S 9 9
2
2𝑥 − 4 + 4 = 𝑥 − 1 + 4 9 2
2𝑥 = 𝑥 + 3 1÷ =
2 9
Subtract 𝑥 from B.S 2 2
1× =
2𝑥 − 𝑥 = 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 3 9 9
𝑥=3 2 2
=
Verification 9 9
−17
Put 𝑥 = 3 in equ (i) Solution Set = { }
2 1 14
= (vi) 𝟏𝟎(𝒙 − 𝟒) = 𝟒(𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏) + 𝟓
3−1 3−2
2 1 Solution:
= 10(𝑥 − 4) = 4(2𝑥 − 1) + 5 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
2 1
1=1 10𝑥 − 40 = 8𝑥 − 4 + 5
Solution Set = {3} 10𝑥 − 40 = 8𝑥 + 1
10𝑥 − 40 = 8𝑥 + 1
𝟏 𝟐 Add 40 on B.S
(v) =
𝟕𝒙 + 𝟏𝟑 𝟗 10𝑥 − 40 + 40 = 8𝑥 + 1 + 40
Solution:
10𝑥 = 8𝑥 + 41
1 2
= … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) Subtract 8𝑥 from B.S
7𝑥 + 13 9
By Cross Multiplication 10𝑥 − 8𝑥 = 8𝑥 − 8𝑥 + 41
2𝑥 = 41
1 × 9 = 2(7𝑥 + 13)
Divide B.S by 2
9 = 14𝑥 + 26
2𝑥 41
Subtract 26 from B.S =
2 2
9 − 26 = 14𝑥 − 26 41
−17 = 14𝑥 𝑥={ }
2
Divide B.S by 14 Verification
−17 14𝑥 41
= Put 𝑥 = in equ (i)
14 14 2
−17 41 41
=𝑥 10 ( − 4) = 4 (2 × − 1) + 5
14 2 2
−17 41 − 8
𝑥= 10 ( ) = 4(41 − 1) + 5
14 2
Verification 33
10 ( ) = 4(40) + 5
2
 5
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.1 Ex # 7.1
5(33) = 160 + 5 Subtract 1 from B.S
165 = 165 1 − 1 + 𝑦 = −4 − 1
41 𝑦 = −5
Solution Set =
2 𝑇ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 5
Q2: Awais thought of a number, add 3 with it. Then
he doubled the sum. He got 40. What was the Q4: The sum of three consecutive odd integers is
original number? 81. Find the numbers.
Solution: Solution:
Let the number = 𝑥 As the difference is 2 between two consecutive
As the given condition is defined as odd integers
Add 3 and double the sum got 40 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑜𝑑𝑑 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟 = 𝑥
So, we get 𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 𝑜𝑑𝑑 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟 = 𝑥 + 2
2(𝑥 + 3) = 40 𝐴𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑟𝑑 𝑜𝑑𝑑 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟 = 𝑥 + 4
Divide B.S by 2 According to given condition
2(𝑥 + 3) 40 The sum of three consecutive odd integers is 81
= So,
2 2
𝑥 + 3 = 20 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 2 + 𝑥 + 4 = 81
Subtract 3 from B.S 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 2 + 4 = 81
𝑥 + 3 − 3 = 20 − 3 3𝑥 + 6 = 81
𝑥 = 17 Subtract 6 from B.S
Thus, the original number = 17 3𝑥 + 6 − 6 = 81 − 6
Q3: The sum of two numbers is -4 and their 3𝑥 = 75
difference is 6. What are the numbers? Divide B.S by 3
Solution: 3𝑥 75
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 =
3 3
According to first condition 𝑥 = 25
The sum of two numbers is −4 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑜𝑑𝑑 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟 = 𝑥 = 25
So, 𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 𝑜𝑑𝑑 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟 = 𝑥 + 2
𝑥 + 𝑦 = −4 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
= 25 + 2
According to second condition
The difference of two numbers is 6 = 27
So, 𝐴𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑟𝑑 𝑜𝑑𝑑 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟 = 𝑥 + 4
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 6 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) = 25 + 4
Now add equ(i) and equ (ii) = 29
𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑥 − 𝑦 = −4 + 6 So the consecutive odd integers are 25, 27 and 29
𝑥+𝑥+𝑦−𝑦 =2
2𝑥 = 2
Divide B.S by 2
2𝑥 2
=
2 2
𝑥=1
Put 𝑥 = 1 in equ (i)
1 + 𝑦 = −4
 6
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.1 Ex # 7.1
Q5: A man is 41 year old and his son is 9 year old. In Compare equ (i) and (ii), we get
how many years will the father be three times 𝑥 + 4 = 2𝑥 − 1
as old as the son? 4 + 1 = 2𝑥 − 𝑥
Solution: 5=𝑥
𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑓𝑎𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟’𝑠 𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 41 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑥=5
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑜𝑛′ 𝑠𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 9 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠 Put 𝑥 = 5in equ (i)
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠 = 𝑥 𝑦 =5+4
𝑆𝑜 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑥 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑦=9
𝐹𝑎𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 ′ 𝑠 𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 41 + 𝑥 𝑇ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡 = 10𝑦 + 𝑥
𝑆𝑜𝑛′ 𝑠 𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 9 + 𝑥 = 10(9) + 5
According to given condition = 90 + 5
𝐴𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 = 3(𝐴𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑛) = 95
41 + 𝑥 = 3(9 + 𝑥)
Q7: The sum of two digits is 10. It the place of digits
41 + 𝑥 = 27 + 3𝑥
are changed then the new number is decreased
41 − 27 = 3𝑥 − 𝑥
by 18. Find the numbers.
14 = 2𝑥
Solution:
2𝑥 = 14
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒 = 𝑥
Divide B.S by 2
2𝑥 14 𝐴𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒 = 𝑦
= 𝑆𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 = 10 × 𝑦 + 1 × 𝑥
2 2
𝑥=7 = 10𝑦 + 𝑥
So the required number of years=7 If place of digits are interchanged
Thus after 7 years father’s age will be three New number = 10 × 𝑥 + 1 × 𝑦
times as his son = 10𝑥 + 𝑦
According to given conditions
Q6: The tens digit of a certain two – digitnumber
Sum of digits is 10
exceeds the unit digit by 4 and is 1 less than
So,
twice the ones digit. Find the number.
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
Solution:
And
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒 = 𝑥
𝑁𝑒𝑤 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 = 𝑂𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 − 18
𝐴𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒 = 𝑦
10𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10𝑦 + 𝑥 − 18
𝑆𝑜 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 = 10 × 𝑦 + 1 × 𝑥
10𝑥 − 𝑥 = 10𝑦 − 𝑦 − 18
= 10𝑦 + 𝑥
9𝑥 = 9𝑦 − 18
According to given conditions
9𝑥 = 9(𝑦 − 2)
Tens digit exceeds the unit digit by 1
Divide B.S by 9
So,
9𝑥 9(𝑦 − 2)
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡 = 𝑂𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡 + 4 =
9 9
𝑦 = 𝑥 + 4 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) 𝑥 = 𝑦 − 2 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖)
And Put 𝑥 = 𝑦 − 2in equ (i)
Tens digit is 1 less than twice the ones digits 𝑦 − 2 + 𝑦 = 10
So, Add 2 on B.S
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡 = 𝑡𝑤𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡 − 1 𝑦 − 2 + 2 + 𝑦 = 10 + 2
𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 1 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) 𝑦 + 𝑦 = 12
2𝑦 = 12
 7
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.1 Ex # 7.2
Divide B.S by 2 Radical equation
2𝑦 12 An equation in which the variable occurs under
= a radical is called radical equation.
2 2
𝑦=6 Note:
Put 𝑦 = 6 in equ (ii) The radicand should be a variable (unknown).
𝑥 =6−2 √𝑥 + 5 = 9 is a radical equation but 2𝑥 + √5 = 9
𝑥=4 is not a radical equation.
𝐴𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑂𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 = 10𝑦 + 𝑥 The radical equation will be considered as
= 10(6) + 4 positive numbers.
= 60 + 4 √𝑥 + 6 = −11 has no real solution and is not
= 64 true for any value of 𝑥.
Q8: It the breadth of the room is one fourth of its Example # 5
length and the perimeter of the room is 20m. 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 √𝟐𝒙 + 𝟓 = 𝟗
Find length and breadth of the room. Solution:
Solution: √2𝑥 + 5 = 9 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑚 = 𝑥 𝑚 Subtract 5 from B.S
As breadth is one fourth of its length √2𝑥 + 5 − 5 = 9 − 5
𝑥
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑏𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑚 = 𝑚 √2𝑥 = 4
4
As Perimeter of room=20 m Taking square on B.S
2
As we know that (√2𝑥) = (4)2
𝑃 = 2(𝑙 + 2) 2𝑥 = 16
Put the values Divide B.S by 2
𝑥 2𝑥 16
20 = 2 (𝑥 + ) =
4 2 2
4𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑥=8
20 = 2 ( )
4 Verification
5𝑥
20 = Put 𝑥 = 8 in equ (i)
2
2 √2(8) + 5 = 9
𝑀𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦
5 √16 + 5 = 9
2 5𝑥 2 4+5=9
20 × = ×
5 2 5 9=9
4×2=𝑥 Thus Solution Set = {8}
8=𝑥
Example # 7
𝑥=8
√𝟑𝒙 − 𝟐 = √𝟓𝒙 + 𝟒
Thus
Solution:
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑚 = 𝑥 𝑚 = 8𝑚
𝑥 √3𝑥 − 2 = √5𝑥 + 4
𝑏𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑚 = 𝑚
4 √3𝑥 − 2 = √5𝑥 + 4 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
8 Take square root on B.S
= 𝑚
4 2 2
=2𝑚 (√3𝑥 − 2 ) = (√5𝑥 + 4 )
3𝑥 − 2 = 5𝑥 + 4
 8
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.2 Ex # 7.2
Subtract 5𝑥 from B.S √16 + 6 = 2
3𝑥 − 5𝑥 − 2 = 5𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 4 4+6=2
−2𝑥 − 2 = 4 10 = 2
Add 2 on B.S Hence
−2𝑥 − 2 + 2 = 4 + 2 10 ≠ 2
−2𝑥 = 6 Thus the given equation has no solution.
Divide B.S by −2 Solution Set = { }
−2𝑥 6
=
−2 −2
𝑥 = −3 Exercise # 7.2
Verification Page # 180
Put 𝑥 = −3 in equ (i) Q: Solve the following radical equation.
1. 𝟐√𝒂 − 𝟑 = 𝟕
√3(−3) − 2 = √5(−3) + 4
Solution:
√−9 − 2 = √−15 + 4
2√𝑎 − 3 = 7 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
√−11 = √−11
Add 3 on B.S
Thus Solution Set = {−3}
2√𝑎 − 3 + 3 = 7 + 3
Example # 8
2√𝑎 = 10
√𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐 + 𝟔 = 𝟐
Divide B.S by 2
Solution:
2√𝑎 10
√3𝑥 + 2 + 6 = 2 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) =
2 2
Subtract 6 from B.S
√𝑎 = 5
√3𝑥 + 2 + 6 − 6 = 2 − 6 Taking square on B.S
√3𝑥 + 2 = −4 2
(√𝑎) = (5)2
Taking square on B.S
2
𝑎 = 25
(√3𝑥 + 2) = (−4)2 Verification
3𝑥 + 2 = 16 Put 𝑎 = 25 in equ (i)
Subtract 2 from B.S 2√25 − 3 = 7
3𝑥 + 2 − 2 = 16 − 2 2(5) − 3 = 7
3𝑥 = 14 10 − 3 = 7
Divide B.S by 3 7=7
3𝑥 14 Thus Solution Set = {25}
=
3 3 2. 𝟖 + 𝟑√𝒃 = 𝟐𝟎
14
𝑥= Solution:
3
Solution Set = { } 8 + 3√𝑏 = 20 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
Verification Subtract 8 from B.S
14 8 − 8 + 3√𝑏 = 20 − 8
Put 𝑥 = in equ (i)
3 3√𝑏 = 12
14 Divide B.S by 3
√3 ( )+2+6 = 2
3 3√𝑏 12
=
√14 + 2 + 6 = 2 3 3
√𝑏 = 4
 9
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.2 Ex # 7.2
Taking square on B.S Divide B.S by 7
2
(√𝑏) = (4)2 7√𝑟 14
=
𝑏 = 16 7 7
Verification √𝑟 = 2
Taking square on B.S
Put 𝑏 = 16 in equ (i)
2
8 + 3√16 = 20 (√𝑟) = (2)2
8 + 3(4) = 20 𝑟=4
8 + 12 = 20 Verification
20 = 20 Put r = 4 in equ (i)
Thus Solution Set = {16} 7√4 − 5 = √4 + 9
3. 𝟕 − √𝟐𝒃 = 𝟑 7(2) − 5 = 2 + 9
Solution: 14 − 5 = 11
7 − √2𝑏 = 3 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) 11 = 11
Subtract 7 from B.S Thus Solution Set = {4}
5. 𝟐𝟎 − 𝟑√𝒕 = √𝒕 − 𝟒
7 − 7 − √2𝑏 = 3 − 7
Solution:
−√2𝑏 = −4
20 − 3√𝑡 = √𝑡 − 4 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
√2𝑏 = 4 Subtract 20 from B.S
Taking square on B.S
2
20 − 20 − 3√𝑡 = √𝑡 − 4 − 20
(√2𝑏) = (4)2 −3√𝑡 = √𝑡 − 24
2𝑏 = 16 Subtract √𝑡 from B.S
Divide B.S by 2 −3√𝑡 − √𝑡 = √𝑡 − √𝑡 − 24
2𝑏 16
= −4√𝑡 = −24
2 2
𝑏=8 4√𝑡 = 24
Verification Divide B.S by 4
Put 𝑏 = 8 in equ (i) 4√𝑡 24
=
4 4
7 − √2(8) = 3
√𝑡 = 6
7 − √16 = 3 Taking square on B.S
7−4=3 2
3=3 (√𝑡) = (6)2
Thus Solution Set = {8} 𝑡 = 36
Verification
4. √𝒓 − 𝟓 = √𝒓 + 𝟗
Solution: Put 𝑡 = 36 in equ (i)
8√𝑟 − 5 = √𝑟 + 9 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) 20 − 3√36 = √36 − 4
Add 5 on B.S 20 − 3(6) = 6 − 4
20 − 18 = 2
8√𝑟 − 5 + 5 = √𝑟 + 9 + 5
2=2
8√𝑟 = √𝑟 + 14
Thus Solution Set = {36}
Subtract √𝑟 from B.S
8√𝑟 − √𝑟 = √𝑟 − √𝑟 + 14
7√𝑟 = 14
 10
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.2 Ex # 7.2
6. 𝟐√𝟓𝒙 − 𝟑 = 𝟕 Verification
Solution: Put 𝑥 = 8 in equ (i)
2√5𝑥 − 3 = 7 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) √2(8) − 7 + 8 = 11
Add 3 on B.S √16 − 7 + 8 = 11
2√5𝑥 − 3 + 3 = 7 + 3 √9 + 8 = 11
2√5𝑥 = 10 3 + 8 = 11
Divide B.S by 2 11 = 11
2√5𝑥 10 Thus Solution Set = {8}
=
2 2 8. 𝟐𝟐 = 𝟏𝟕 + √𝟒𝟎 − 𝟑𝒚
√5𝑥 = 5 Solution:
Taking square on B.S 22 = 17 + √40 − 3𝑦 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
2
(√5𝑥) = (5)2 Subtract 17 from B.S
5𝑥 = 25 22 − 17 = 17 − 17 + √40 − 3𝑦
Divide B.S by 5 5 = √40 − 3𝑦
5𝑥 25
= √40 − 3𝑦 = 5
5 5
𝑥=5 Taking square on B.S
2
Verification (√40 − 3𝑦) = (5)2
Put 𝑥 = 5 in equ (i) 40 − 3𝑦 = 25
2√5(5) − 3 = 7 Subtract 40 from B.S
2√25 − 3 = 7 40 − 40 − 3𝑦 = 25 − 40
2(5) − 3 = 7 −3𝑦 = −15
10 − 3 = 7 3𝑦 = 15
7=7 Divide B.S by 3
Thus Solution Set = {5} 3𝑦 15
=
7. √𝟐𝒙 − 𝟕 + 𝟖 = 𝟏𝟏 3 3
𝑦=5
Solution:
Verification
√2𝑥 − 7 + 8 = 11 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) Put 𝑥 = 5 in equ (i)
Subtract 8 from B.S
22 = 17 + √40 − 3(5)
√2𝑥 − 7 + 8 − 8 = 11 − 8
22 = 17 + √40 − 15
√2𝑥 − 7 = 3
22 = 17 + √25
Taking square on B.S
2 22 = 17 + 5
(√2𝑥 − 7) = (3)2 22 = 22
2𝑥 − 7 = 9 Thus Solution Set = {5}
Add 7 on B.S
2𝑥 − 7 + 7 = 9 + 7
2𝑥 = 16
Divide B.S by 2
2𝑥 16
=
2 2
𝑥=8
 11
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.3 Ex # 7.3
Absolute value Example # 10
The absolute value of a number is always be |𝟑𝒙 − 𝟓| + 𝟕 = 𝟏𝟏
non–negative. Solution:
Example |3𝑥 − 5| + 7 = 11
|5| = 5 Subtract 7 from B.S
And also |3𝑥 − 5| + 7 − 7 = 11 − 7
|−5| = 5 |3𝑥 − 5| = 4
Note: 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠
It should be noted that |𝑥| can never be 𝐸𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟
negative, that is |𝑥| ≥ 0 3𝑥 − 5 = 4 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
|0| = 0 𝑜𝑟
Solution of Absolute value equation 3𝑥 − 5 = −4 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖)
To solve equations involving absolute value in 𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) ⟹
one variable, we have to consider both the 3𝑥 − 5 = 4
possible values of the variable. Add 5 on B.S
Example 3𝑥 − 5 + 5 = 4 + 5
|𝑥| = 2 3𝑥 = 9
Then there is two possibilities 𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦 3
𝑥=2 3𝑥 9
Or =
3 3
𝑥 = −2 𝑥=3
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) ⟹
Example # 9 3𝑥 − 5 = −4
|𝒙 − 𝟏| = 𝟕
Add 5 on B.S
Solution:
3𝑥 − 5 + 5 = −4 + 5
|𝑥 − 1| = 7
3𝑥 = 1
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦 3
𝐸𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 3𝑥 1
𝑥 − 1 = 7 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) =
3 3
𝑜𝑟 1
𝑥 − 1 = −7 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) 𝑥=
3
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) ⟹ 1
Solution Set = {3, }
𝑥−1=7 3
Add 1 on B.S
𝑥−1+1=7+1
Exercise # 7.3
𝑥=8 Page # 182
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) ⟹ Q: Solve for 𝒙
1. |𝒙 + 𝟑| = 𝟓
𝑥 − 1 = −7
Solution:
Add 1 on B.S |𝑥 + 3| = 5
𝑥 − 1 + 1 = −7 + 1 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠
𝑥 = −6 𝐸𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟
Solution Set = {8, −6} 𝑥 + 3 = 5 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
𝑜𝑟
𝑥 + 3 = −5 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖)
 12
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.3 Ex # 7.3
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) ⟹ 𝟑
3. | 𝒙 − 𝟖| = 𝟏
𝑥+3=5 𝟒
Subtract 3 from B.S Solution:
𝑥 + 3 − 3−= 5 − 3 3
| 𝑥 − 8| = 1
𝑥=2 4
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) ⟹ 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠
𝑥 + 3 = −5 𝐸𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟
3
Subtract 3 from B.S 𝑥 − 8 = 1 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
4
𝑥 + 3 − 3−= −5 − 3
𝑜𝑟
𝑥 = −8 3
Solution Set = {2, −8} 𝑥 − 8 = −16 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖)
4
2. |−𝟓𝒙 + 𝟏| = 𝟔 𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) ⟹
3
Solution: 𝑥−8=1
4
|−5𝑥 + 1| = 6
Add 8 on B.S
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 3
𝐸𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑥−8+8=1+8
4
−5𝑥 + 1 = 6 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) 3
𝑜𝑟 𝑥=9
4
−5𝑥 + 1 = −6 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) 4
𝑀𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) ⟹ 3
−5𝑥 + 1 = 6 4 3 4
× 𝑥 = ×9
Subtract 1 from B.S 3 4 3
𝑥 =4×3
−5𝑥 + 1 − 1 = 6 − 1
𝑥 = 12
−5𝑥 = 5
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) ⟹
𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦 − 5
3
−5𝑥 5 𝑥 − 8 = −1
= 4
−5 −5
Add 8 on B.S
𝑥 = −1
3
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) ⟹ 𝑥 − 8 + 8 = −1 + 8
4
−5𝑥 + 1 = −6 3
Subtract 1 from B.S 𝑥=7
4
−5𝑥 + 1 − 1 = −6 − 1 4
𝑀𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦
−5𝑥 = −7 3
5𝑥 = 7 4 3 4
× 𝑥 = ×7
𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦 5 3 4 3
5𝑥 7 28
= 𝑥=
5 5 3
7 28
𝑥= Solution Set = {12, }
5 3
7
Solution Set = {−1, }
5
 13
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.3 Ex # 7.3
4. |𝒙 − 𝟒| = 𝟑 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟐
7. | |=𝟕
Solution: 𝟓
|𝑥 − 4| = 3 Solution:
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 3𝑥 − 2
| |=7
𝐸𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 5
𝑥 − 4 = 3 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠
𝑜𝑟 𝐸𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟
3𝑥 − 2
𝑥 − 4 = −3 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) = 7 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
5
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) ⟹
𝑜𝑟
𝑥−4=3 3𝑥 − 2
Add 4 on B.S = −7 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖)
5
𝑥−4+4=3+4 𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) ⟹
𝑥=7 3𝑥 − 2
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) ⟹ =7
5
𝑥 − 4 = −3 Multiply B.S by 5
Add 4 on B.S 3𝑥 − 2
5× =5×7
𝑥 − 4 + 4 = −3 + 4 5
𝑥=1 3𝑥 − 2 = 35
Solution Set = {7, 1} Add 2 on B.S
3𝑥 − 2 + 2 = 35 + 2
5. |𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒| = −𝟐
3𝑥 = 37
Solution:
𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦 3
|3𝑥 + 4| = −2
3𝑥 37
As there is no such a number whose absolute =
3 3
value is negative 37
Thus Solution Set = { } 𝑥=
3
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) ⟹
6. |𝟐𝒙 − 𝟗| = 𝟎 3𝑥 − 2
Solution: = −7
5
|2𝑥 − 9| = 0 Multiply B.S by 5
|𝑥| = 0 ⟹ 𝑥 = 0 3𝑥 − 2
So 5× = −7 × 5
5
2𝑥 − 9 = 0 3𝑥 − 2 = −35
Add 9 on B.S Add 2 on B.S
2𝑥 − 9 + 9 = 0 + 9 3𝑥 − 2 + 2 = −35 + 2
2𝑥 = 9 3𝑥 = −33
𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦 2 𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦 3
2𝑥 9 3𝑥 −33
= =
2 2 3 3
9 𝑥 = −11
𝑥=
2 37
9 Solution Set = { , −11}
Solution Set = { } 3
2
 14
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.3 Ex # 7.3
8. 𝟒|𝟓𝒙 − 𝟐| + 𝟑 = 𝟏𝟏 2
|4𝑥 − 3| = 8
Solution: 5
4|5𝑥 − 2| + 3 = 11 5
𝑀𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦
Subtract 3 from B.S 2
5 2 5
4|5𝑥 − 2| + 3 − 3 = 11 − 3 × |4𝑥 − 3| = × 8
2 5 2
4|5𝑥 − 2| = 8 |4𝑥 − 3| = 5 × 4
Divide B.S by 4 |4𝑥 − 3| = 20
4|5𝑥 − 2| 8 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠
=
4 4 𝐸𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟
|5𝑥 − 2| = 2
4𝑥 − 3 = 20 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠
𝑜𝑟
𝐸𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟
4𝑥 − 3 = −20 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖)
5𝑥 − 2 = 2 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) ⟹
𝑜𝑟
4𝑥 − 3 = 20
5𝑥 − 2 = −2 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖)
Add 3 on B.S
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) ⟹
4𝑥 − 3 + 3 = 20 + 3
5𝑥 − 2 = 2
4𝑥 = 23
Add 2 on B.S
𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦 4
5𝑥 − 2 + 2 = 2 + 2 4𝑥 23
5𝑥 = 4 =
4 4
𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦 5 23
5𝑥 4 𝑥=
= 4
5 5 𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) ⟹
4 4𝑥 − 3 = −20
𝑥=
5 Add 3 on B.S
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) ⟹
4𝑥 − 3 + 3 = −20 + 3
5𝑥 − 2 = 2
4𝑥 = −17
Add 2 on B.S
𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦 4
5𝑥 − 2 + 2 = −2 + 2 4𝑥 −17
5𝑥 = 0 =
4 4
𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐵. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦 5 −17
5𝑥 0 𝑥=
= 4
5 5 23 −17
𝑥=0 Solution Set = { , }
4 4
4
Solution Set = { , 0}
5
𝟐
9. |𝟒𝒙 − 𝟑| − 𝟗 = −𝟏
𝟓
Solution:
2
|4𝑥 − 3| − 9 = −1
5
Add 9 on B.S
2
|4𝑥 − 3| − 9 + 9 = −1 + 9
5
 15
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.4 Ex # 7.4
Example # 11
Linear Inequality Show −𝟐 < 𝒙 < 𝟓 on a number line.
Inequality Solution:
The relation which compares two real numbers −2 < 𝑥 < 5
e.g. 𝑥 and 𝑦 but 𝑥 ≠ 𝑦. −2 < 𝑥 < 5 means the set of real numbers which
Following symbols of inequality as under: are greater than −2 but less than 5.
< less than −2 < 𝑥 < 5 means the set of real numbers which
> greater than are between −2 and 5
≤ less than or equal to Geometrical −2 < 𝑥 < 5 means the set of real
≥ greater than or equal to numbers lying to the right of −2 and left to 5.
We have the following possibilities Note:
𝑥 < 𝑦 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑥 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑦 Here −2 and 5 are not included.
𝑥 > 𝑦 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑥 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑦
𝑥 ≤ 𝑦 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑥 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜 𝑦
𝑥 ≥ 𝑦 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜 𝑦
Solution of Linear Inequalities Properties of Inequality of Real Numbers
The set of all possible values of the variable which Trichotomy Property
makes the inequality a true statement is called Trichotomy property means when comparing two
solution set of the inequality. numbers, one of the following must be true:
It is simple to represent the solution of an (a) 𝑎=𝑏
inequality with the help on real number line. (b) 𝑎<𝑏
Real Number Line (c) 𝑎>𝑏
A line whose points are represented by real Examples:
number is called real number line. (i) 5=5
Geometrical representation with examples (ii) 3<5
Example: 𝒙<𝟒 (iii) 3>5
𝑥 < 4, it means that all real numbers less than 4. Transitive Property
Geometrically all real numbers lying to the left of (a) If 𝑎 > 𝑏 and 𝑏 > 𝑐 then 𝑎 > 𝑐
4 but 4 is not included. Example:
This is represented by using hollow circle around If 7 > 5 and 5 > 3 then𝟕 > 3
4. (b) If 𝑎 < 𝑏 and 𝑏 < 𝑐 then 𝑎 < 𝑐
Example:
If 3 < 5 and 5 < 7 then𝟑 < 7
Additive Property
Example: 𝒙≤𝟒 (a) If 𝑎 < 𝑏 then 𝑎 + 𝑐 < 𝑏 + 𝑐
(b) If 𝑎 < 𝑏 then 𝑎 − 𝑐 < 𝑏 − 𝑐
𝑥 ≤ 4, it means that all real numbers less than or Examples:
equal to 4. Geometrically all real numbers lying 3 < 5 then 3 + 2 < 5 + 2
(i)
to the left of 4 and also including 4.
(ii) 3 < 5 then 3 − 2 < 5 − 2
This is represented by using thick, filled or solid
circle around 4. (iii) 𝒙−𝟑>𝟓
Add 3 on B.S
𝑥−3+3=5+3
𝑥=8
 16
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.4 Ex # 7.4
(c) If 𝑎 > 𝑏 then 𝑎 + 𝑐 > 𝑏 + 𝑐 𝟏𝟓 > 𝟖 ⟹ 𝟐𝟐 > 𝟏𝟓
(d) If 𝑎 > 𝑏 then 𝑎 − 𝑐 > 𝑏 − 𝑐 Solution:
Example: 15 > 8 ⟹ 15 + 7 > 8 + 7
(i) 5 > 3 then 5 + 2 > 3 + 2 Hence 15 > 8 ⟹ 22 > 15
(ii) 5 > 3 then 5 − 7 > 3 − 7 So −2 > −4 Additive Property
(iii) 𝒙+𝟑>𝟓 𝟏𝟎 < 𝟐𝟎 ⟹ 𝟑𝟎 < 𝟔𝟎
Subtract 3 from B.S Solution:
𝑥+3−3=5−3 10 < 20 ⟹ 10 × 3 < 20 × 3
𝑥=2 Hence 10 < 20 ⟹ 30 < 60
Multiplicative Property Multiplicative Property
1. When 𝒄 > 𝟎: −𝟏𝟐 > −𝟏𝟓 ⟹ 𝟐𝟒 < 𝟑𝟎
(a) If 𝑎 < 𝑏 then 𝑎𝑐 < 𝑏𝑐 Solution:
(b) If 𝑎 > 𝑏 then 𝑎𝑐 > 𝑏𝑐 −12 > −15 ⟹ −12 × −2 < −15 × −2
Example: Hence − 12 > −15 ⟹ 24 < 30
(i) 5 > 3 then 5 × 2 > 3 × 2 Multiplicative Property
𝒙 𝐈𝐟 𝒙 > 𝟒 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝟒 > 𝒛 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝒙 > 𝒛
(ii) >𝟓
𝟑 Solution:
Multiply B.S by 3 𝑥 > 4 and 4 > 𝑧 ⟹ 𝑥 > 𝑧
𝑥 Transitive Property
×3>5×3
3 Solution of Linear Inequalities
𝑥 > 15 Linear inequalities are solved in almost the same
(iii) 𝟐𝒙 > 𝟐𝟒 way as linear equations.
2𝑥 24 Principles in Inequalities
>
2 2 (i) If 𝑎 > 𝑏, then
Divide B.S by 2 𝑎 + 𝑐 > 𝑏 + 𝑐 ,𝑎 − 𝑐 > 𝑏 − 𝑐 ,𝑎 − 𝑏 > 0
𝑥 > 12 (ii) If 𝑎 > 𝑏 and 𝑘 > 0, then
2. When 𝒄 < 𝟎: 𝑎 𝑏
𝑘𝑎 > 𝑘𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 >
(a) If 𝑎 < 𝑏 then 𝑎𝑐 > 𝑏𝑐 𝑘 𝑘
(b) If 𝑎 > 𝑏 then 𝑎𝑐 < 𝑏𝑐 (iii) If 𝑎 > 𝑏 and 𝑘 < 0, then
Example: 𝑎 𝑏
𝑘𝑎 < 𝑘𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 <
(i) 5 > 3 then 5 × −2 < 3 × −2 So −10 < −6 𝑘 𝑘
𝑥 Example # 13
(ii) <5
−3 You are checking a bag at an airport. Bags can
Multiply B.S by −3 weigh no more than 50 Kgs. Your bag weighs
𝑥 16.8 kg. Find the possible weight w (in Kg) that
× −3 > 5 × −3
−3 you can add to the bag.
𝑥 > −15 Solution:
Example # 12 𝐵𝑎𝑔’𝑠 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 + 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑦𝑜𝑢 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑑𝑑 ≤ 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡
Write the names of properties used in the
following statements. 16.8 + 𝑊 ≤ 50
21 < 31 ⟹ 31 < 41 Subtract 16.8 from B.S
21 < 31 ⟹ 21 + 10 < 31 + 10 16.8 − 16.8 + 𝑊 ≤ 50 − 16.8
Hence 21 < 31 ⟹ 31 < 41 𝑊 ≤ 33.2
Additive Property So we can add upto 33.2 Kg
 17
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.4 Ex # 7.4
Example # 14 (i) Example # 15 (i)
𝒙 𝟑 𝟓 𝟏𝟓 + 𝟐𝒙
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝟐 ( + 𝟏) < 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒙 − ≤
𝟒 𝟐 𝟕 𝟕
𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝒙 𝒊𝒔 𝒂 𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝒙 𝒊𝒔 𝒂 𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓
Solution: Solution:
𝑥 3 5 15 + 2𝑥
2 ( + 1) < 𝑥− ≤
4 2 7 7
𝑥+4 3 7𝑥 − 5 15 + 2𝑥
2( )< ≤
4 2 7 7
𝑥+4 3 Multiply B.S by 7
<
2 2 7𝑥 − 5 15 + 2𝑥
Multiply B.S by 2 7× ≤7×
7 7
𝑥+4 3 7𝑥 − 5 ≤ 15 + 2𝑥
2× <2×
2 2 Add 5 on B.S
𝑥+4<3 7𝑥 − 5 + 5 ≤ 15 + 5 + 2𝑥
Subtract 4 from B.S 7𝑥 ≤ 20 + 2𝑥
𝑥+4−4<3−4 Subtract 2𝑥 from B.S
𝑥 < −1 7𝑥 − 2𝑥 ≤ 20 + 2𝑥 − 2𝑥
𝐴𝑠 𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑏𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 − 1, 5𝑥 ≤ 20
𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑖𝑡 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑛𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 Divide B.S by 5
Thus, Solution Set = { } 5𝑥 20
≤
5 5
Example # 14 (ii) 𝑥≤4
𝒙 𝟑 𝐴𝑠 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜 4
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝟐 ( + 𝟏) <
𝟒 𝟐 Thus Solution Set = {1, 2, 3, 4}
𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝒙 𝒊𝒔 𝒂 𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒍 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓
Solution:
𝑥 3
2 ( + 1) <
4 2
𝑥+4 3
2( )<
4 2
𝑥+4 3 Example # 15 (ii)
< 𝟓 𝟏𝟓 + 𝟐𝒙
2 2 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒙 − ≤
Multiply B.S by 2 𝟕 𝟕
𝑥+4 3 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝒙 𝒊𝒔 𝒂 𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒍 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓
2× <2× Solution:
2 2
𝑥+4<3 5 15 + 2𝑥
𝑥− ≤
Subtract 4 from B.S 7 7
7𝑥 − 5 15 + 2𝑥
𝑥+4−4<3−4 ≤
𝑥 < −1 7 7
Multiply B.S by 7
Thus it consists of all real numbers less than − 1
7𝑥 − 5 15 + 2𝑥
Thus Solution Set = {𝑥 ∶ 𝑥 𝜖 𝑅 Ʌ 𝑥 < −1} 7× ≤7×
7 7
7𝑥 − 5 ≤ 15 + 2𝑥
Add 5 on B.S
7𝑥 − 5 + 5 ≤ 15 + 5 + 2𝑥
7𝑥 ≤ 20 + 2𝑥
 18
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.4
Subtract 2𝑥 from B.S Exercise # 7.4
7𝑥 − 2𝑥 ≤ 20 + 2𝑥 − 2𝑥 Page # 188
5𝑥 ≤ 20 Q1: Show the following inequalities on number line.
Divide B.S by 5
5𝑥 20 (i) 𝒙 > 𝟎
≤
5 5 Solution:
𝑥≤4 𝑥>0
𝑇ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑖𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠
𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜 4
Thus Solution Set = {𝑥 ∶ 𝑥 𝜖 𝑅 Ʌ 𝑥 ≤ 4}
(ii) 𝒙 < 𝟎
Solution:
𝑥<0

Example # 16
𝒙+𝟑 𝒙−𝟓
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒚 ≤
𝟐 𝟑 𝒙−𝟑
(iii) ≤ −𝟏
𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝒙 ∈ 𝑹 𝟐
Solution: Solution:
𝑥+3 𝑥−5 𝑥−3
≤ ≤ −1
2 3 2
Multiply B.S by 6 Multiply B.S by 2
𝑥+3 𝑥−5 𝑥−3
6× ≤6× 2× ≤ −1 × 2
2 3 2
3(𝑥 + 3) ≤ 2(𝑥 − 5) 𝑥 − 3 ≤ −2
3𝑥 + 9 ≤ 2𝑥 − 10 Add 3 on B.S
Subtract 9 from B.S 𝑥 − 3 + 3 ≤ −2 + 3
3𝑥 + 9 − 9 ≤ 2𝑥 − 10 − 9 𝑥≤1
3𝑥 ≤ 2𝑥 − 19
Subtract 2𝑥 from B.S
3𝑥 − 2𝑥 ≤ 2𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 19
𝑥 ≤ −19
(v) 𝒙 ≤ −𝟓
𝑇ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑖𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠
Solution:
𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜 − 19 𝑥 ≤ −5
Thus Solution Set = {𝑥 ∶ 𝑥 𝜖 𝑅 Ʌ 𝑥 ≤ −19}

𝒙 ≥ −𝟑
Solution:
𝑥 ≥ −3
 19
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.4 Ex # 7.4
𝟑𝒙 − 𝟐 𝟓 Add 4
(vi) >
𝟔 𝟐 0+4<𝑥−4+4<2+4
Solution: 4<𝑥<6
3𝑥 − 2 5
>
6 2
Multiply B.S by 6
3𝑥 − 2 5 𝒙+𝟑 𝟑
6× >6× (x) 𝟎 < <
6 2 𝟐 𝟐
3𝑥 − 2 > 3 × 5 Solution:
3𝑥 − 2 > 15 𝑥+3 3
0< <
Add 2 on B.S 2 2
3𝑥 − 2 + 2 > 15 + 2 Multiply by 2
3𝑥 > 17 𝑥+3 3
2×0<2× <2×
Divide B.S by 3 2 2
3𝑥 17 0<𝑥+3<3
> Subtract 3
3 3
𝑥 > 5.67 0−3<𝑥+3−3<3−3
−3 < 𝑥 < 0

(vii) −𝟓 ≤ 𝒙 ≤ 𝟔
Solution: Q2: Find the solution set of the following inequalities.
−5 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 6 (i) 𝟕 − 𝟐𝒙 ≥ 𝟏 , 𝒙𝝐𝑵
Solution:
7 − 2𝑥 ≥ 1 , 𝑥𝜖𝑁
Now
(viii) 𝟑 ≥ 𝒙 ≥ −𝟐 7 − 2𝑥 ≥ 1
Solution: Subtract 7 from B.S
3 ≥ 𝑥 ≥ −2 7 − 7 − 2𝑥 ≥ 1 − 7
−2𝑥 ≥ −6
Divide B.S by −2
−2𝑥 −6
≤
𝒙 𝟏 −2 −2
(ix) 𝟎 < −𝟏 < 𝑥≤3
𝟒 𝟐
Solution: 𝐴𝑠 𝑥 𝜖 𝑁 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 ≤ 3
𝑥 1 Thus Solution Set = {1, 2, 3}
0< −1<
4 2 (ii) 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟒 < 34 , 𝑥𝜖𝑁
Multiply by 4 Solution:
𝑥 1 5𝑥 + 4 < 34 , 𝑥𝜖𝑁
4 × 0 < 4 ( − 1) < 4 ×
4 2 Now
𝑥
0<4× −4×1<2×1 5𝑥 + 4 < 34
4
0<𝑥−4<2 Subtract 4 from B.S
5𝑥 + 4 − 4 < 34 − 4
5𝑥 < 30
 20
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.4 Ex # 7.4
Divide B.S by 5 (v) 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟏
5𝑥 30 ≥ 𝟏𝟑 − 𝒙 , 𝒙 𝝐 {−𝟐, −𝟏, 𝟎, 𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑, 𝟒, 𝟓}
<
5 5 Solution:
𝑥<6 5𝑥 + 1 ≥ 13 − 𝑥 , 𝑥 𝜖 {−2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
𝐴𝑠 𝑥 𝜖 𝑁 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 < 6 Now
Thus Solution Set = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} 5𝑥 + 1 ≥ 13 − 𝑥
𝟖𝒙 + 𝟏 Now
(iii) < 2𝒙 − 𝟏. 𝟓 , 𝒙𝝐𝑹
𝟐 5𝑥 + 𝑥 ≥ 13 − 1
Solution:
6𝑥 ≥ 12
8𝑥 + 1
< 2𝑥 − 1.5 , 𝑥𝜖𝑅 Divide B.S by 6
2
6𝑥 12
Now ≥
8𝑥 + 1 6 6
< 2𝑥 − 1.5 𝑥≥2
2
Multiply B.S by 2 𝐴𝑠 𝑥 𝜖 {−2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 ≥ 2
8𝑥 + 1 Thus Solution Set = {2, 3, 4, 5}
2× < 2(2𝑥 − 1.5) 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟔 𝒙 − 𝟗
2 (vi) ≤ , 𝒙𝝐𝑹
8𝑥 + 1 < 4𝑥 − 3 𝟐 𝟑
Solution:
Now
2𝑥 + 6 𝑥 − 9
8𝑥 − 4𝑥 < −3 − 1 ≤ , 𝑥𝜖𝑅
2 3
4𝑥 < −4 Now
Divide B.S by 4 2𝑥 + 6 𝑥 − 9
4𝑥 −4 ≤
< 2 3
4 4 Multiply B.S by 6
𝑥 < −1 2𝑥 + 6 𝑥−9
𝐴𝑠 𝑥 𝜖 𝑅 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 < −1 6× ≤6×
2 3
Thus Solution Set = {𝑥 ∶ 𝑥 𝜖 𝑅 Ʌ 𝑥 < −1} 3(2𝑥 + 6) ≤ 2(𝑥 − 9)
6𝑥 + 18 ≤ 2𝑥 − 18
Now
(iv) (𝟒𝒙 + 𝟑) ≥ 𝟐𝟑 , 𝒙 𝝐 {𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑, 𝟒, 𝟓, 𝟔}
6𝑥 − 2𝑥 ≤ −18 − 18
Solution:
4𝑥 ≤ −36
(4𝑥 + 3) ≥ 23 , 𝑥 𝜖 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
Divide B.S by 4
Now
4𝑥 −36
4𝑥 + 3 ≥ 23 ≤
4 4
Subtract 3 from B.S 𝑥 ≤ −9
4𝑥 + 3 − 3 ≥ 23 − 3 𝐴𝑠 𝑥 𝜖 𝑅 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 ≤ −9
4𝑥 ≥ 20 Thus Solution Set = {𝑥 ∶ 𝑥 𝜖 𝑅 Ʌ 𝑥 ≤ −9}
Divide B.S by 4 𝒙−𝟏 𝟏−𝒙
4𝑥 20 (vii) ≤ , 𝒙𝝐𝒁
≥ 𝟑 𝟐
4 4 Solution:
𝑥≥5 𝑥−1 1−𝑥
𝐴𝑠 𝑥 𝜖 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 ≥ 5 ≤ , 𝑥𝜖𝑍
3 2
Thus Solution Set = {5, 6} Now
𝑥−1 1−𝑥
≤
3 2
 21
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.4 Ex # 7.4
Multiply B.S by 6 (iii) 𝟑(𝒙 − 𝟐) > 15
𝑥−1 1−𝑥 Solution:
6× ≤6×
3 2 3(𝑥 − 2) > 15
2(𝑥 − 1) ≤ 3(1 − 𝑥) 3𝑥 − 6 > 15
2𝑥 − 2 ≤ 3 − 3𝑥 Add 6 on B.S
Now 3𝑥 − 6 + 6 > 15 + 6
2𝑥 + 3𝑥 ≤ 3 + 2 3𝑥 > 21
5𝑥 ≤ 5 Divide B.S by 3
Divide B.S by 5 3𝑥 21
5𝑥 5 >
3 3
≤
5 5 𝑥>7
𝑥≤1
𝐴𝑠 𝑥 𝜖 𝑍 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 ≤ 1
Thus Solution Set = {1, 0, −1, −2, −3 … … }
Q3: Solve the following inequalities and plot the
solution on the number line. 𝟏 𝒙
(iv) > > −2
𝒙 𝟏 𝟐 𝟒
(i) ≤ Solution:
𝟏𝟐 𝟒
Solution: 1 𝑥
> > −2
𝑥 1 2 4
≤ Multiply by 4
12 4
Multiply B.S by 12 1 𝑥
4 × > 4 × > −2 × 4
𝑥 1 2 4
12 × ≤ 12 × 2 × 1 > 𝑥 > −8
12 4
𝑥 ≤3×1 2 > 𝑥 > −8
𝑥≤3

𝒙
(v) 𝟐. 𝟓 ≤ + 𝟏 ≤ 𝟒. 𝟓
𝟐
Solution:
(ii) 𝒙 + 𝟕 ≥ 𝟐 𝑥
Solution: 2.5 ≤ + 1 ≤ 4.5
2
𝑥+7≥2 Multiply B.S by 2
Subtract 7 from B.S 𝑥
2 × 2.5 ≤ 2 ( + 1) ≤ 2 × 4.5
𝑥+7−7≥2−7 2
𝑥 ≥ −5 5≤𝑥+2≤9
Subtract 2 from them
5−2≤𝑥+2−2≤9−2
3≤𝑥≤7
 22
Chapter # 7
Ex # 7.4 Review Ex # 7
(vi) −𝟐 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟐 5𝑥 − 25 + 25 = 0 + 25
Solution: 5𝑥 = 25
−2 ≤ 𝑥 < 2 Divide B.S by 5
5𝑥 25
=
5 5
𝑥=5
Verification
Put 𝑥 = 5 in equ (i)
Review Ex # 7 5−8 5−3
3
+
2
=0
Page # 190 −3 2
Q2: Solve the following equation for 𝒙 + =0
3 2
(i) 𝟓(𝟑𝒙 + 𝟏) = 𝟐(𝒙 − 𝟒) −1 + 1 = 0
Solution: 0=0
5(3𝑥 + 1) = 2(𝑥 − 4) … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) Solution Set = {5}
15𝑥 + 5 = 2𝑥 − 8
(iii) √𝟐(𝟓𝒙 − 𝟏) = √𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏𝟒
Subtract 5 from B.S
Solution:
15𝑥 + 5 − 5 = 2𝑥 − 8 − 5
√2(5𝑥 − 1) = √2𝑥 + 14
15𝑥 = 2𝑥 − 13
Subtract 2𝑥 from B.S √2(5𝑥 − 1) = √2𝑥 + 14 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
15𝑥 − 2𝑥 = 2𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 13 Take square root on B.S
2 2
13𝑥 = −13 (√2(5𝑥 − 1)) = (√2𝑥 + 14)
Divide B.S by 13
2(5𝑥 − 1) = 2𝑥 + 14
13𝑥 −13
= 10𝑥 − 2 = 2𝑥 + 14
13 13
Now
𝑥 = −1
Verification 10𝑥 − 2𝑥 = 14 + 2
Put 𝑥 = −1 in equ (i) 8𝑥 = 16
Divide B.S by 4
5(3(−1) + 1) = 2(−1 − 4)
5(−3 + 1) = 2(−5) 8√𝑥 16
=
5(−2) = −10 8 8
−10 = −10 √𝑥 = 2
Solution Set = {−1} Taking square on B.S
2
𝒙−𝟖 𝒙−𝟑 (√𝑥) = (2)2
(ii) + =𝟎
𝟑 𝟐 𝑥=4
Solution: Verification
𝑥−8 𝑥−3
+ = 0 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) Put 𝑥 = 2 in equ (i)
3 2
Multiply all terms by 6 √2(5(2) − 1) = √2(2) + 14
𝑥−8 𝑥−3 √2(10 − 1) = √4 + 14
6× +6× =6×0
3 2 √2(9) = √18
2(𝑥 − 8) + 3(𝑥 − 3) = 0
√18 = √18
2𝑥 − 16 + 3𝑥 − 9 = 0
√9 × 2 = √9 × 2
2𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 16 − 9 = 0
5𝑥 − 25 = 0 3√2 = 3√2
Add 25 on B.S Solution Set = {36}
 23
Chapter # 7
Review Ex # 7 Review Ex # 7
(iv) |𝟐𝒙 + 𝟕| = 𝟗 𝒙−𝟒
(ii) −𝟏 < <𝟎
Solution: 𝟓
|2𝑥 + 7| = 9 Solution:
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑥−4
−1 < <0
𝐸𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 5
Multiply by 5
2𝑥 + 7 = 9 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖)
𝑥−4
𝑜𝑟 −1 × 5 < 5 × <5×0
5
2𝑥 + 7 = −9 … … 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖)
−5 < 𝑥 − 4 < 0
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖) ⟹
Add 4
2𝑥 + 7 = 9
−5 + 4 < 𝑥 − 4 + 4 < 0 + 4
Subtract 7 from B.S
−1 < 𝑥 < 4
2𝑥 + 7 − 7 = 9 − 7
2𝑥 = 2
Divide B.S by 2
2𝑥 2
=
2 2
𝑥=1
(iii) 𝟕 < −𝟑𝒙 + 𝟏 ≤ 𝟏𝟑
𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑒𝑞𝑢(𝑖𝑖) ⟹
Solution:
2𝑥 + 7 = −9
Subtract 7 from B.S 7 < −3𝑥 + 1 ≤ 13
Subtract 1
2𝑥 + 7 − 7 = −9 − 7
7 − 1 < −3𝑥 + 1 − 1 ≤ 13 − 1
2𝑥 = −16
Divide B.S by 2 6 < −3𝑥 ≤ 12
2𝑥 −16 Divide B.S by 3
= 6 −3𝑥 12
2 2 > ≥
𝑥 = −8 −3 −3 −3
Solution Set = {1, −8} −2 > 𝑥 ≤ −4
Q3: Solve the following inequalities and graph the
solution on the number line.
𝒙−𝟑
(i) −𝟏 < <𝟎
𝟐
Solution:
𝑥−3
−1 < <0
2
Multiply by 2
𝑥−3
−1 × 2 < 2 × <2×0
2
−2 < 𝑥 − 3 < 0
Add 3
−2 + 3 < 𝑥 − 3 + 3 < 0 + 3
1<𝑥<3
 24
Chapter # 7
Review Ex # 7
Q4: A father is 4 times older than his son. In 20 years,
he will be twice as old as his son. What ages
have they now?
Solution:
Let the present age of son = 𝑥 years
So the present age of father = 4𝑥 years
After twenty years
Age of son = (𝑥 + 20)𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠
and age of son = (4𝑥 + 20)𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠
According to condition
Age of father = 2(Age of son)
4𝑥 + 20 = 2(𝑥 + 20)
4𝑥 + 20 = 2𝑥 + 40
Now shift the variable and constant
4𝑥 − 2𝑥 = 40 − 20
2𝑥 = 20
Divide B.S by 2
2𝑥 20
=
2 2
𝑥 = 10
Thus present age of son = 𝑥 = 10 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠
And present age of father = 4𝑥 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠
= 4 × 10 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠
= 40 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠