ICAO : Roles of ICAO, its structure, Contracting States, and Annexes

1. Roles of ICAO : To set uniformity of rules on governing civil aviation by obtaining max technical
Standardization, recommend certain practices that member should follow:
 To ensure safe growth of civil aviation sector
 Arts of aircraft and peaceful of its operation
 Encourage the development of airways, airports and etc.
For economic view, to prevent economic waste caused by unreasonable competition.

2. ICAO structure : 3 main structure

 Assembly
- make policy recommendation
- review works of ICAO
- guide other ICAO bodies
- determine budget
- elect council
- to amend ICAO constitution, need 2/3 majority votes

 Council
- 36 members elect by the assembly
- investigate any situation that existed and can be avoid for better development of international
air navigation
- elect Secretary General
- assisted by Air Navigation Commission (for technical), AirTransport Committee (for economical)
and the Joint of Air Navigation services and Finance Committee

 Secretariat -headed by Secretary General

-divided into 5 division :
i) Air Navigation Bureau
ii) Air Transport Bureau
iii) Technical Co-Operation Bureau
iv) Legal Bureau
v) Bureau of Administration and Services

3. Contracting States – Countries that agreed and will adhere to the Chicago Convention.

4. 18 Annexes (but only 4 related to aircraft maintenance engineers):

i) Annex 1 : Personal Licencing
-info regarding flight crew license, aircraft maintenance personnel, air traffic
controller
ii) Annex 6 : Operations of an aircraft
 -flight operation
-aircraft performance
-aircraft instruments
-aircraft communication
-aircraft maintenance
-flight and cabin crews
-manual, tech logs
-security
iii) Annex 8 : Airworthiness of aircraft
-type certificate
-C of A
-aircraft design
-production
-continuing airworthiness

iii) Annex 16 : Environmental Protection

-aircraft noise
-aircraft engine emission (jet blast)

Malaysia civil aviation regulatory framework: Acts, Regulations, and Airworthiness Notices
- After the Chicago Convention and forming of ICAO, it came to Malaysia as Civil Aviation Acts 1969 (CAA
1969) that nowdays known as Malaysia Civil Aviation RegulatioMCAR2016 (CAR2016).
- This CAR2016 consists of : 1) 209 regulations
2) 28 parts
3) 3 schedule - classification of aircraft
- air traffic controller ratings
- offences

- So what is Airworthiness Notices (AN) for?

It is to amplify what is inside the regulation. Which means to circulate information regarding the
airworthiness of civil aircraft.

For example, to register the aircraft, under the CAR2016 #5. If you want to know more detail about
the processes on how to register, what form do you use? (DCA/AW/7101-01) etc. You need to refer
its AN that is AN710.

Malaysia civil aviation administration : MOT, CAAM, AAIB, and MAVCOM

Ministry of Transport
(Minister YB. Anthony Loke)
|
CAAM
 (DGCA Dato' Sri Azharuddin Abd. Rahman)

-MOT responsible for industry policy-making and gov-to-gov discussions ( including negotiations on
traffic rights )
-CAAM responsible to regulate any technical and safety matters for Malaysia's civil aviation industry

Air Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB)

- An independent investigation entity
- Responsible for safety investigation of all accident/incident involving both Malaysia civil register
ed aircraft and foreign aircraft that occurred within Malaysia.

Malaysian Aviation Commission (MAVCOM)

- An independent entity
- Regulate economic matters
- Protection for consumers
- Resolution between aviation industry players
- Admin and manage air traffic
- Issuing ASL, ASP, STRC, Aerodrome Operator Licence, and Ground Handling Licence.

Foreign Airworthiness Authorities : EASA and FAA

-European Aviation Safety Agency : i) took over functions of JAA of EU countries
ii) drafting about aircraft safety legislation
(for European Nation) iii) provide technical advice to European Commission and EU states
iv) giving type certification for aircraft and aircraft parts for an
aircraft operating within EU
v) approval for aircraft design organisation world-wide, production
maintenance organisations inside and outside of EU

-Federal Aviation Administration : i) responsible for establishing aviation regulation in US ( Federal

Aviation Regulations )
( for US ) ii) responsible for airspace and air traffic management, maintenance
of air navigation sectors.
iii) do research and development of aviation systems and technologies

-In June 2018, FAA-EASA International Aviation Safety Conference was held to continue collaborating
and looking forward for more about safety and efficiency of air transportation world-wide instead of
discussing best practices in reducing accident/incident risks, sharing ideas, improving technologies, etc.

Licensing of air services : ASL, ATRC and ASP

1. Air Service License -scheduled journey between two places (one is Malaysia) and have
transit agreement with Malaysia
 -validity of 5 years
2. Air Service Permit -non-scheduled journey between two places (one is Malaysia) need to
apply for permit (chartered flight)

3. Air Traffic Right Certification -scheduled journey between two or more places of which at
least one place is in Malaysia awarded by MAVCOM, based on
available capacity on each route, to airlines which have successfully
apply for them

Air Operator Certificate and Operations Specification

1. AOC -to certify that the airlines can operate flight safely
-approved by the DGCA of CAAM
-validity of 2 years
-before CAAM issued the AOC, CAAM first must satisfied with the applicant that he :
i) competent to secure that aircraft oprated by him is safe
ii) is competent by his previous conduct and experience, equipment, facilities,
organisation, staff, maintenance and etc. in order to secure aircraft safety
iii) valid ASL or ASP that is issued by MAVCOM
iv) has place of bussiness and it is in Malaysia
v) establish procedures for the operations
vi) provide documents that meets the certificate requirement
vii) employs adequate and suitably qualified personnel
viii) has a valid C of A for all operated aircraft

-information on AOC :
i) AOC number
ii) Operator’s name, trading name and address
iii) Date of issue and name, signature and title of authority representative (DGCA)
iv) State of the Operation and issuing authority
v) Effective date
vi) Expiry date

-for renewing the AOC, applicants need to provide :

i) name, address, location of bussiness organisation and base of operations
ii) description regarding applicant's bussiness organisation, corporate, its entities and
individual having major financial interest
iii) identity of key management heads (the bosses of all department)
iv) nature of proposed operations ; paasenger, cargo, mail VFR IFR, dangerous goods, etc.
v) desired date to commence the operation
 -documents for renew :
i) identification of operation's specification
ii) schedule of events
iii) detailed description of how applicant intends to show compliance with each provision
of air navigation regulations
iv) management structure
v) details of SMS ( Appendix 12 of FOD 60OR-16 )
vi) list of designated destination
vii)list of aircraft to be operated
viii)documents of purchase, leases or contract
ix) arrangements of crew and ground personnel training
x) the OM ( Operational Manual )
xi) Maintenance Control Manual
xii) methods of operation control to be used
xiii) status of financial, economic and legal matters

- before CAAM gives the AOC, they first will investigate thoroughly the operating ability by
applicant. So, the applicant need to demonstrate day-by-day including proving flights over
the proposed routes. And all equipments, facilities and etc. are as per mentioning by the
applicant.

2. Operations Specification (OS)

- after the AOC had been issued, the operator at the same time need to provide copies of
approved operations specification :

-this is to explain the capability of an aircraft

-whether it is EDTO or not, if EDTO what is its threshold time, maximum diversion time
-all specification of an aircraft is stated in OS
Registration of aircraft
- a person shall not fly an aircraft unless that aircraft are registered in Malaysia or any other state
that have an agreement with the Government of Malaysia to fly over Malaysia eventhough that
aircraft are registered in his state
- a person shall fly an unregistered aircraft but if the flight only begins in and ends in Malaysia or
other case is that aircraft already issued a permit to fly
- an aircraft can't be registered in Malaysia if :

i) the aircraft are already registered outside Malaysia or

ii) that aircraft more suitably to be registered in other Contracting State for some reason
iii) unqualified person

- then who is qualified to register the aircraft?

the Government of Malaysia, citizen of Malaysia or body incorporated registered office in Malaysia
*if a person that is not a citizen or body incorporated but he residing/having a business in Malaysia, in
this case the Authority may register the aircraft but the aircraft shall not fly for commercial/aerial
*if an aircraft chartered by demise or hired to qualified person, Authority may register the aircraft

-what evidence to show that he/she is an eligible owner?

*if it is Goverment of Malaysia, certification that the owner is Goverment of Malaysia
*if it was Malaysia citizen, certified true copy from National Registration ID
*if it was from others applicant, certified of true document, establishment (company), evidence of
residing in Malaysia or having place of business in Malaysia

-what kind of aircraft that can be registered in Malaysia (eligible)?

*aircraft that its type has been accepted by the Authority through Aircraft Certificate Acceptance
*is airworthy
*not registered in any state (applicant shall submit confirmation of unregistration from aviation
authority in country of export if aircraft not registered yet (aircraft bill of purchases), but if already
registered, submit to that aviation authority the de-registration)
*the applicant must submit : i) manufacturer, designation and serial number
ii) name and address of the owner
iii) name of charterer or hirer
iv) proper description of an aircraft

-what informations need to register an aircraft? (DCA/AW/7101-01)

i) nationality and registration mark
ii) manufacturer and its designation
iii) serial number of aircraft
iv) name and address of the owner
v) number of C of R
vi) date of registration
vii) C of R expiry date
- aircraft C of R validity for 3 years, to renew shall be made within 30 days via form
DCA/AW/7101-02
- to change the ownership of an aircraft, must to inform the Authority within 28 days, and aircraft
shall not fly until it get its new C of R
*old owner need to first return the C of R
*C of R shall expire on the same date as the process of transferring the ownership
- if after aircraft been registered in Malaysia and unqualified person become entitled, the registra
tion of aircraft will be automatically cancel
- for deregistration submit form DCA/AW/7101-4 but if the aircraft is subjected to mortgage, Auth
ority will not deregister the aircraft until the mortgage entry has been removed

 any changes in information after the registration, submit form DCA/AW/7101-05 and return the
C of R

Aircraft design certification : CS and FAR

-this certification is to show all required design standards are satisfied by both manufacturer and NAA
-Certification Specification is a design standards that specify aerodynamics, engineering, construction
and performance requirement are met before an aircraft be produced
-same as FAR, if CS are from EASA, FAR are from FAA (US). All same numbering except for engine and
propeller. CS-E and FAR-33 both is for engine while CS-P and FAR-35 is for propeller
-our company standards CS 25. There is no weight limit for CS 25
-CS 23 is used for aeroplane in normal, utility and aerobatics categories that is max take-off weight is
less than 5670kg / 12500lb and also for propeller driven twin-engine aeroplanes 8616kg / 19000lb
CS 23
______________________________|_________________________________
| | | |
Normal Utility Aerobatic Com muter
-non-aerobatics -limited to any ops -no restriction -limited to any maneuver
-normal flying under normal cat. -required for flight test when normal fly
-lazy eights -lazy eights -less than 60º angle of ban
k
-chandelles -chandelles

-main aspects when designing : i) flight characteristics

ii) structural performance
iii) design and contruction
iv) engine
v) system and equipment
vi) operating limitation
vii) cabin safety
viii) security
-before certificate been given, it must demonstrated that all aspects fulfilled in normal, abnormal or
emergency conditions with sufficient margin for safety

Type Certificate (aircraft, engine, and propeller), Type Acceptance, and STC
-Type Certificate : i) issued by CAAM
ii) to signify the airworthiness of an aircraft manufacturing design
iii) the aircraft are manufactured based on approved design, and that must comply
with the airworthiness requirement
iv) CAAM then will compare the document of design and manufacturing process,does
it meets the requirement as stated in its document of design
v) once issued, cannot be change unless by STC
vi) required for aircraft, engine and propeller
vii) do refer to the Tech Services

-Type Acceptance : i) Malaysia does not issue Type Certificate for imported aircraft
ii) so that, Design Investigation issue a Type Acceptance for granting them a
Malaysia Certificate of Airworthiness

-Supplemental Type Certificate : issuing after a major design changes to a Type Certificate, as it is not
too excessive as to require a new Type Certificate

Certification of airfraft partx (TSO/FAA-PMA)

-TSO and PMA stamped is mandatory or that parts considered not airworthy
-Technical Standards Order : i) TSO is an FAA order directing to manufacturer to do a test that including
high/low temperature test, vibration and crash survival test, etc.
ii) then it will be reviewed by a several department of FAA
iii) TSO are surely costly

-Parts Manufacturing Approval : i) usually for simple parts and instruments

ii) only normal test can be done
iii) granted only by single FAA department
iv) CAAM provide FAA Form 8130-3 to issue it
Certificate of Airworthiness ( C of A ), and C of A EXPORT

- 'Airworthiness' is a term that is used to describe whether the aircraft has been certified or not fo
r verifying that it is suitably and safe to operate
- which means, the ability of an aircraft itself, system and equipment can operate without harmin
g to any air crew, ground crew and passengers
- this certification initially given by NAA that then its performance is to be maintained by LAE
- an operator/owner must ensure that :
i) C of A must valid
ii) aircraft is maintained in airworthy condition
iii) all operational and emergency equipment must be fitted properly and it is serviceable
iv) maintenance done in accordance with approved maintenance programme

-and it should not fly if : i) the type design is not approved by the CAAM
ii) component fitted not meet the requirement of airworthiness
iii) involves in accident/incident that affect the airworthiness of aircraft
iv) aircraft operated beyond limitation of approved Flight Manual
v) modification/repair not approved by CAAM

-C of A renewal : i) Form JPA-AP2

ii) Airworthiness Review Report (ARR)
iii) 30 days of submission before the expiry date
iv) as per AN6101

-C of A Export is issued by the CAAM so that the aircraft can be delivered to its destination
-this is to notify the confirmation of satisfactory review of aircraft airworthiness
-the current C of A are cancelled

Permit to fly
-issued for aircraft that has failed to satisfy the applicable airworthiness requirements
-Form CAAM/AW/8305-01
-and it is issued by CAAM or CAMO that has been granted the priviledge to issue any permit to fly

____________________<Permit-to-fly>______________________
| |
with Flight conditions with conditions
-temporary loss of C of A -C of A not issued yet
-maintenance not performed in applicable -maintenance test flight
maintenance programme
-operation beyond applicable operating limit
-certain equipment outside MEL is unserviceable
Flight manual
- is a parts of C of A
- a manual that associated with C of A containing limitation for an aircraft to be considered
airworthy *instructions and informations to flight crew for safe operation*
- reviewed by the Operator to make sure it is current and up-to-date
- after a satisfactory review by the Operator, then it is submitted to the CAAM for approval
*must be accompanied with Statement of Compliance*
- if there are any amendments/changes to be made :
i) only be made by CAAM
ii) any originating amendments made by their State of Design and apprived by their State of Design
authority does not require CAAM approval anymore
iii) mandatory instructions/modifications changes in AFM such as Airworthiness Directive or STC shall
be accompanied with AFM Listing documents (2 copies)
iv) originating AFM changes by Operator need to accompany with List of Effective Pages, Change of
Sheets and/or Supplement

-existing AOC holders or new holders must ensure that :

i) approval of AFM is properly documented
ii) any AFM amendments by CAAM are properly documented
iii) aboves matter properly documented prior to CAAM's review when apply AOC
-the Operator shall provide CAAM with current and up-to-date AFM for C of A issue or renewal

Airworthiness Directive ( Malaysian / CAA and other authorities' procedure)

-AD is a document issued by the CAAM to mandates actions to be performed on aircraft to restore the
level of safety
-it is been issued when CAAM determined that this unsafe conditions are from the deficiency of parts
installed on aircraft, and it is likely to exist jn others aircraft also
-and it is also been raised due to change of aviation legislation
-AD effectively alter the original certification or in other words, against the Type Certificate
-CAAM AD procedures divided by 2 that is :

CAAM AD Procedure
_________________________|_____________________________
| |
CAM AD VAM AD
-for aircraft, engines, propeller installed -for aircraft, engines, propeller install
which Malaysia is the State of Design and which Malaysia is the Validating Autho
-the Certifying Authority - rity and State of Registry
-CAAM will issue this AD -CAAM will issue this AD
-AN4 APP 2 -AN4 APP 3
-it is an obligation for Malaysia as a State -intend to introduce requirements which
of Design in matters that affect safety affect airworthiness and operations
 - CAA UK AD Procedures normally annoted with statement, "THIS MODIFICATION/INSPECTION HA
S BEEN CLASSIFIED MANDATORY BY THE...."
- its publication is CAP 747
- mandatory requirements maybe applied by the CAA under European regulations, national regul
ations or both, depend on the particular circumstance
- for US products, publication is FAA Summary of AD that divides into 2 volume, volume 1 for aircr
aft less than 12500 lb and volume 2 for aircraft more than 12500 lb
- it relates to foreign constructed aircraft and includes all modifications and inspections as
mandatory by the Authority
- this AD can be obtained by which country that products were produced. Either EASA or FAA
- Emergency AD indicates short timescale to clear the unsafe condition

MMEL, MEL and CDL

-MEL is derived from the MMEL that comes from the manufacturer
-MEL is a medium to release the aircraft with inop equipment
-but it depends on pilot in command, he may require that item to be cleared before flight
-MEL normally related to inoperative equiments while CDL normally related with external panels,
missing or broken that next will get penalty such as extra fuel
-any items that are not mention in the MEL are COMPULSORY TO OPERATING otherwise aircraft no-go
-MEL repair interval : i) Category A :
ii) Category B : 3 days
iii) Category C : 10 days
iv) Category D : 120 days

-deferral procedures : i) properly secure the deferred item

ii) place a placard
iii) make entry on aircraft tech log with appropriate MEL/CDL subject title
iv) notify the pilot in command that the item being deferred
v) notify others related regarding deferral items such as line maintenance, stores
and central maintenance control

-Dispatch Deviation Guide (DDG) is a guide to assist the operator in developing flight operation and
maintenance procedures associated with MEL

-Why do we use MEL instead of MMEL eventhough it is more accurate and comes from manufacturer?
*because maybe MEL is more suit with our operations
Maintenance : Corrective maintenance and preventive maintenance
- Corrective maintenance is maintenance task performed to identify, isolate or rectify a fault so th
at the failed component or instrument can be fixed out. In other works is maintenance carried
out AFTER the failure detection
- Preventive maintenance is task performed while the equipment is still properly working in order
to prevent any faults from occuring. In other works is servicing. It is being planned on schedule
so that any source can properly prepared
- this task including by doing test, adjustment, and etc.

Maintenance processes : Hard Time, On-Condition, and Condition Monitoring

Hard Time is involving periodic overhaul and replacement to prevent failure (preventative) :-

 it is a life-based concept which is assumption that realibility decrease with an increase of

operating age
 applies fixed time / cycles for that aircraft part need to discard

On-Condition also same apply preventative process :-

 but can only be done by inspecting/test that parts on specified periods whether it can continue
service or not
 this test need to remove/repair but still don't have a defined standards of performance
 performance tolerance and wear or deterioration are defined on schedule maintenance but still
in service

Condition Monitoring is not a preventative process :-

 it collects information of items based on its operational experiences
 then the information is analyzed and interpreted (monitoring)
 economical since highly-cost parts such as engine parts no need to disassembly, removed or
replaced

Maintenance schedule : MSG-3 and its process, MRB Report, and MPD
 Maintenance Steering Group (MSG-3) is bodies to analyse in determining the types and
frequency of tasks based on component and system failure that visible to the operating crew
 MSG-3 has separated these two major items :
1) Types of task
i) lubrication/servicing
ii) operational checks
iii) visual check
iv) discard/replacement
 2) Maintenance significant item (MSI) - ( items which is failed can effect airworthiness )
i) Systems/Engine + APU
ii) aircraft structure
iii) zonal inspection
iv) HIRF
-all these above uses such as flight-hours, cycles, number of landing when developing task interval
-all the maintenance tasks by MSG-3 are published in MRB Report that then goes to MPD
-from this, MPD will be the source for operator to follow when making a Maintenance Schedule
-for particularly advanced design, customer do not have suffient of knowledge, what MRB do?
*MRB will invite specialist to parcipate, in line oc that MRB put together 'Policy and Procedures
Handbook' to describe how does the process going on. Final outcome will be MRB Report Proposal
that is approved by the chairman of MRB
-if the aircraft subject to MRB process already modified by STC, what should we do?
*the relevant system, powerplant, structure must be reviewed to determine maintenance requirement

Maintenance programme and hangar checks packages

-maintenance programme is a document containing maintenance schedule, procedures and standard
practices in order to maintain aircraft airworthiness
-maintenance programme should contain these basic information :
i) type/model and registration number
ii) name and address owner
iii) issue number for this maintenace programme
iv) revision documents
v) etc.
-block maintenance is known as check, this check divided into 4 :

Schedule Checks
__________________________________|__________________________________
| | | |
Service | Phased Calendar
-lowest level | -schedule maintenance for -repackage from
-travel under several | large airplane normally flight-time based to
common names such | extensive and require calendar based
as post-flight, pre-flight, | extended period of time -daily checks, weekly
overnight and etc. | -so to divide C and D checks, checks, etc.
| phase checks apply
| -thus lower-level check will
| go to other group of C checks
|
Letter
_______________|_______________________________________________
| | | |
A check B check C check D check
-next high level -more detailed -detailed check for -structural check
schedule maintenance -defined as between system and component -detailed visual inspect
-includes of daily checks A and C checks functional check on other non-destructi
v
i) lubrication -use extensive tooling -involves extensively
ii) general visual -'A' checks + daily check disassembly for access
iii) ops check i) RAT system check i) inspect stabilizer
iv) brake pressure ii) engine for any crack attach bolts
iii) AC BPCU operation ii) detailed inspection
on the wing box

CMR, ALI, CDCCL and LLP

-Certificate Maintenance Requirements are arised from the aircraft Type Certificate (TC) process
-it is required for periodic task
-intend to detect safety significant failures
-CMR* means such task are mandatory and shall not be changed
-CMR** means changes of task must be supported by an approved procedure
-Airworthiness Limitation Items include mandatory replacement times and structural inspection interval
which may be changing with permission of applicable airworthiness authority
-it is a task with time interval for inspection or replacement

-Critical Design Configuration Control Limitation identified as critical to the integrity of fuel system and
possibly a source of ignition in a fuel tank
-so that it must be maintained to ensure any unsafe condition cannot develop
-it will be specified in jobcard task
-it can be identified by a WARNING procedures, mandatory requirement to follow the instruction
correctly

-Limited Life Parts is a part of (ALIs) which is its condition of their type certificate may not exceed
specified time or number of cycles, in service
-its airworthiness could be compromised if aircraft, engine or propeller does not comply with inspection

Journey and Technical Log

i) Tech Log (MR1)
ii) Flight Log
ii) Deferred Log (MR2) /Status Report
iii) Fuel Log
iv) Cabin Condition Log
v) Note-to-Crew
vi) Red file ( C of R, C of A, AOC, Ops Spec, LEEL, CRS-BMR and etc.)
-where to refer document to be carried on board?
*Aircraft Document Listing Enggineering (red file)

Maintenance release : Regulation

-MCAR 30 Part 3
-based on MCAR2016 regulation 30, no person shall fly a Malaysia aircraft to which a C of A has been or
to be issued under Regulation 26(CofA) If any part of the aircraft has been inspect, overhaul, repair etc.
until a maintenance release is issued by the approval holder under the regulation of 35 (AML)

Critical tasks and duplicate inspection

-Critical tasks MOE 2-23-00
-definition is a maintenance task that assembly or disturbance to a system or any parts of an aircraft if
occured can endangered the flight safety :
i) Fuel feed system
ii) Engine system
-to rectify that the critical task related task had being carried out, another entry must be made. For
example, after the entry of engine oil top-up, make another entry 'OIL FILLER CAP FOUND SECURED AS
PER AMM...'.
-either certified different approval holder or just the same approval that make the first entry (oil top-up)
-Duplicate Inspection is an inspection first made by one certified person then next re-inspected again by
second certified person
-any tasks that related to propulsion system, flight control, aircraft heading, navigation, altitude,attitude
-must be made before CRS has been issued
-if when an aircraft is away from base, and there is on 1 LAE, the next who can make a duplicate is pilot

-CRS and CRS-BMR

-CRS only be issued before flight after overhaul, repairs, replacements, maintenance and etc.
-contain certification confirming that the maintenance work have been done in a satisfactory manner

-CRS-BMR (Base Maintenance Release) is issued after the completion of any schedule base
maintenance check (hangar check)
-the engineer is the holder of Cat C license which means he/she can certified in all various type rating
-CAAM Form 1

Mandatory error reporting

-Mandatory Occurences Reporting
-form required to transmit information on faults, mulfunctions, defects and other occurences which can
effect continuing of airworthiness of the aircraft shall be submitted to the CAAM
-report within 48 hours

Approval of modification and repair

-modification is a repair, the design in which it is not approved under the Type Certificate process
-what kind of document to apply for this modification?
*Prepare the Data Package (SOC, modification document, STC or any approval certificate, MM, IPC and
airworthiness limitations) then submit to the CAAM
-if request is only minor, it shall be approved by the CAAM directly or through modification procedures
by DOA
-but if major, maybe cannot be done due to elementary operations because this definitely affect the
airworthiness (weight balance, structural may be affected)
-application forvmajor modification kust be made by DOA via SOC form compiled with CCD
-OEM Data is a modifications that contained STC (FAA) STC (JAA) or AAN (UK)
-non-OEM Data is data that need to submit firstvto CAAM for review and approval
-Once SOC is approved, that data packages consuder as Approved Data.

Weight and balance of an aircraft

-subjected to C of A or Permit to fly
-must prepare weight schedule
-done by Tech Service
-based on regulations 162, next weighing must be done in 6 months after occasion(purpose of regulatio
n)
-prior to initial entry of actual weighing is interval of 4 years if individual aircraft masses use, 9 years
if fleet masses used
-others purpose for weighing is during HMV and cabin reconfiguration work
-basic weight is weight of aircraft and all its basic equipment plus unusable oil and fuel
-basic equipment is inconsumable fluids and equipment in order the Operator want to use the aircraft
-variable load is weight of crew, their baggage or any rekivable units
-disposal load is weight of all persons and item of load, fuel and other consumable fluids
-total load for flight is total of above

Check flight
-include of pre-flight inpection performed by the pilot on command
-during the pre-flight inspection :
i) inspect aircraft journey and tech log
ii) walk around for visual inspection
iii) smoothness of control surfaces
iv) ensure landing gear pin / pitot cover all removed

Instruction for continued airworthiness, manuals and ATA 100

-manuals containing information and recommendations for the maintenance
-certified and published under the Authority Approved Organisation
-ATA100 is a global standards with regards to Engineering Manuals Specification
-it is purpose of :
i) clarify general requirement
ii) standardize manual layout
iii) specify revision procedure

-manuals that defined by the ATA100 is AMM, OM, IPC, SRM and etc.

-ATA 100 division :

Aircraft General 1 - 19
Aircraft System 20 - 49
Structures 50 - 59
Propellers/rotors 60 - 60
Power Plant 70 - 89

Aircraft, engine and propeller logbooks

-kept by Technical Record
-any activity, any component installed must be enter in appropriate aircraft logbook or engine logbook
or propeller logbook
-must be clear and accurate
Operation Manual / Flight Crew Operating Manual ( FCOM )
-operation manual means a manual that contained procedures, instructions and guidance for use of
operational personnel
-a Malaysia flying aircraft for the purpose of commercial air transport shall submit their OM to the
Authority for an approval
-if any amendments relates to the operation which that OM cannot be use, aircraft shall not fly as a
commercial air transport until its OM had been issued
-OM must be always keep up-to-date and any amendment must be subjected to the Authority
-Authority may direct with operator to make any amendment for the purpose aircraft safety

Equipment of aircraft, and documents to be carried onboard

i) Flight manual
ii) C of R
iii) C of A
iv) Noise Cert
v) AOC
vi) Ops. Spec.
vii) aircraft radio license
viii) third party insurance
ix) Aircraft journey and tech log
x) MEL
xi) current aeronautical charts (maps)
xii) Ops Manual

Mandatory Reporting
-EMER (Employee Maintenance Emergency Report)
*raised when there is accident happened involving aircraft maintenane, this form only regulate inside
the company (engineering) only and not for OSHA
-CS Report (Corporate Safety)
*raised when there is accident in the workplace but not involving aircraft or its maintenance, this form
then will goes to OSHA so that, OSHA will highlight this cases to other industry

EDTO, RVSM and RNP

-Extended Diversion Time Operation is for two-engine aircraft if only one engine operated, there is
adequate airport within 60 minutes
-referrence regarding EDTO in AMC 20 (EASA)and AC 120-42B (US)
-EDTO maintenance procedures consists of :
i) engine condition monitoring
ii) oil consumption monitoring
iii) ETOPS pre-flight check
iv) any maintenance subjected to EDTO
-Reduced Vertical Speed Minimum means separation between aircraft to aircraft is 1000ft ( FL290 and
FL410 )
-RVSM – permission for an aircraft to be around 1000feet within other aircraft
*for example, our new airbus a330 has ‘RVSM approve’
-Required Navigation Performance means the required navigation performance accuracy is necessary
for operation within a define airspace

Details of Continuing Airworthiness (AN 6101)

-owner / lessee is responsible for continuing the airworthiness of the aircraft
-aircraft continuing airworthiness or serviceability ensured by :
i) pre-flight inspection
ii) taking into account, MEL and CDL
iii) approved maintenance programme
iv) AD if applicable needed
v) modifications and repair
vi) maintenance check flight if necessary

-all aircraft maintenance programme shall contains all the detail

-if based on MSG-3, stated its reliability programme
-records the continuing airworthiness in the appropriate logbook that contain total flight times, cycles or
landings
-at the completion, associated a maintenance release in appropriate logbook in the aircraft continuing
airworthiness records
-each entry must be made as soon as practicable (within 30 days)
-an owner shall ensure that aircraft journey log is retained for at least 36 month after the last entry
-aircraft continuing airworthiness shall contain :
i) status of AD mandated by the DGCA
ii) status of modification and repair
iii) status of compliance with maintenance programme
iv) status of serviced life of component
v) mass and balance report
vi) list of deferred item
Approved organizations : DOA, POA, AMO, ATO, AFTO
-Design Organisation Approval (AN 96) is an organization that either design aircraft, make changes,
repair
-they are organization that have the right organization, procedures, competencies and resources
-organization to obtain approval for design of products, parts or any changes

-Production Organization Approval that can be referred as manufacturer

-POA must have suitably documented with DOA to ensure satisfactory in developing a design or product

-Aircraft Maintenance Organization (AN 6501) is an approved organizations involved in the

Maintenance of large aircraft, aircraft for commercial transport (with AOC) or airfraft operated by AFTO
and aerial

-Continuing Airworthiness Management Oraganization (AN 6102) is the approval organization that
provide continuing airworthiness management of an aircraftbunder Part M

-Approved Training Organization (AN 1201) is an organization that provide training to obtain approval
Of under Part-66

-Approved Flight Training Organization is an organization that provide training to obtain ATPL (pilot)

Stores procedures : CAAM Form 1, Certificate of Conformity

-AN 29 (4.1) : the certifying person is entitled to accept aircraft components which have been
manufactured, overhauled, repaired, modified or inspected by organizations approved by the CAAM
-the purpose of by an organizations acceptable to the CAAM and have been released on correct
certification and documentation
-AN 29 APP 1 stated that the release documentation must be in accordance NAA and completed in the
English language
-so the certifying staff (store inspector) will inspect the component based on ARC, life use and history,
that then issue the CAAM Form 1 once he / she is satisfied
*EASA Form 1 also can be use

CAAM Part-147: Approved Training Organization (AN 1201)

-approved to conduct maintenance training
-have sufficient staff to perform knowledge and practical training, examination and assessment
-perform basic training course and task training course
-safety and policyvstated in MTOE

CAAM Part-66 : Certifying Staff (AN 1101)

-certifying staff means personnel is responsible for release of an aircraft after the maintenance
-Cat A (Tech) can issue CRS but with limited certification priviledge
-Cat B (LAE) issuing subjected to full certification priviledge
-requirements :
i) minimum age is 21
ii) for LAE experiences of 5 years
iii) for Tech experiences of 3 years
iv) train and validate by ATO and AMO

-AML validity is 2 years

-form to submit forvrenewal is JPA32

CAAM Part-M subpart G : Continuing Airworthiness Management Organization (AN 6102)

-CAMO is an organizations that involved managing the airworthiness of an aircraft
-workscope stated in CAME (mandatory)
-examples ; pre-flight inspections, complete all maintenance in AMP, completing modifications and
repairs by the CAAM and DOA

CAAM Part-145 : Maintenance Organization Approval

-Aircraft Maintenance Organization (AN 6501) is an approved organizations involved in the maintenance
of large aircraft, aircraft for commercial transport (with AOC) and maintenance of components intended
for fitmen
-workscope stated in MOE
-example ; CRS, certifying staff to certify CRS, equipment and tools

CAAM Part-M subpart F : Limited Maintenance Organization Approval (AN 6502)

-for small, private and non-commercial aircraft
-not for aircraft AOC holder
-workscope stated in MOM