Reading 2

Stated and Unstated Detail Questions

Most people think of desert as dry, flat areas with little vegetation and little or no rainfall,
but this is hardly true. Many deserts have varied geographical formations ranging from soft, rolling
hills to starks, jagged cliffs, and most deserts have a permanent source of water. Although desert do
not receive high amount of rainfall – to be classified as a desert, an area must get less than twenty-
five centimeters of rainfall per year – there are many plants that thrive on only small amounts of
water, and deserts are often full of such plant life. Desert plants have a variety of mechanisms for
obtaining the water needed for survival. Some plants, such as cactus, are able to store large amounts
of water in their leaves or stems; after a rainfall these plants absorb a large supply of water to last
until the next rainfall. Other plants, such as the mesquite, have extraordinarily deep root systems
that allow them to obtain water from far below the desert’s arid surface.
1. The passage describe the geography of 2. According to the passage, what causes an
deserts as … area to be classified as a desert?
a. Flat d. void of vegetation a. The type of plants
b. Sandy e. diverse b. The amount of percipitation
c. Dry c. The geographical formations
d. The source of water
e. The amount of sand
Carbon tetrachloride is a colorless and inflammable liquid that can be produced by
combining carbon disulfide and chlorine. This compound is widely used in industry today because of
its effectiveness as a solvent as well as its use in the production od propellants.
Despite its widespread use in industry, carbon tetracholride has been banned for home use.
In the past, carbon tetrachloride was a common ingredient in cleaning compounds that were used
throughout the home, but it was found to be dangerous: when heated, it changes into poisonous gas
that can cause severe illness and even death if it is inhaled. Because of this dangerous chracteristic,
the United States revoked permission for the home use of carbon tetrachloride in 1970. The United
States has taken similar action with various other chemical compunds.
3. According to the passage, before 1970 4. It is stated in the passage that when
carbon tetrachloride was… carbon tetrachloride is heated, it
a. Used by itself as a cleanser becomes…
b. Banned in industrial use a. Hazardous
c. Often used as a component of b. Colorless
cleaning products c. A cleaning compound
d. Not allowed in home cleaning d. Inflammable
products e. Illness
e. Could only be used at home
The location of stars in the sky relatives to one another do not appear to the naked eye to
change, and as a result stars are often considered to be fixed in position. Many unaware stargazers
falsely assume that each star has its own permanent home in the nighttime sky.
In reality, though, stars are always moving, but because of the tremendous distance
between stars themselves and from stars to Earth, the changes are barely perceptible here. An
example of a rather fast moving star demonstrates why this misconception prevails; it takes
approximately 200 years for a relatively rapid star like Bernard’s star to move a distance in the skies
equal to the diameter of the earth’s moon. When the apparently neglibible movement of the stars
in contrasted with the movement of the planets, the stars are seemingly unmoving.
5. The passage states that in 200 years Bernard’s stars can move…
a. Around Earth’s moon
b. Next to the earth’s moon
c. A distance equal to the distance from earth to the moon
 d. A distance seemingly equal to the diameter of the moon
e. A distance the same as the diameter of the earth

6. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

a. Stars do not appear to the eye to move
b. The large distance between stars and the earth tend to magnify movement to the eye
c. Bernard’s star moves quickly in comparison with other stars
d. Although stars move, they seem to be fixed
e. The locations of stars may not be visible to the human eye so that one falsely perceives stars
to be unmoving planets
Being healthy is also about what you eat – choosing the right food. It is important to enjoy the
food you eat – and eating in a healthier way may even be cheaper. There is a direct relationship
between your level of physical activity and how much energy you use up from the food you eat. If
you eat more than you use the surplus energy is stored as body fat; this means you will become
overweight which in itself increases your risk of disease and disability. It can also induce Coronary
Heart Disease, high blood pressure, non-insulin dependant diabetes, constipation, joint pain, being
out of breath, development of bad eating habits, poor life expectancy. But leading a healthy lifestyle
isn’t only about being the right weight for your height. Your risks multiply if you eat too much animal
fat, smoke, drink alcohol and take very little exercise.
7. It can be inferred from the text that…
a. Many people do not eat enough vegetables
b. Fitting regular exercise into your daily schedule may seem difficult
c. Eating too much animal fat is the main cause of ill-health
d. Achieving a healthy lifestyle is important to get rid of some milk and dairy product
e. Saturated fat are found in fish, chicken, and eggs.
If you want to make a mark in the world of computer games you had better have a good English
vocabulary. It has now also been scientifically proven that someone who is good at computer game
has a larger English vocabulary. This is revealed by a study at the University of Gothenburg and
Karlstad University.
The study confirms what many parents and teachers already suspected: young people who play
a lot of interactive English computer games gain advantage in terms of their English vocabulary
compared to those who do not play or only play a little
The study involved 76 young people aged 10-11. Data was collected via questionnaires and a so-
called language diary. This was used to list all encounters with the English language outside school,
such as using the computer and playing digital games. Among other things, the study investigated
whether there was any correlation between playing digital games and motivation to learn English,
self-assessed English linguistic ability and strategies used to speak English.
8. The passage implies that…
a. Regular gamers have a significantly better English vocabulary than other.
b. Boys spend far more time than girls on computer gaming
c. Computer gaming played in the classroom also has positive effects on what happens at
school
d. The computer games that appear to be most effective for the development of English
vocabulary are those in teen’s mother tongue
e. Teenagers will motivate to play games when they learn English
A pilot cannot fly a plane by sight alone. In many conditions, such as flying at night and
landing in dense fog, a pilot must use radar, an alternative way of navigating. Because human
eyes are not very good at determining speeds of approaching objects, radar can show a pilot
how fast nearby planes are moving. The basic principle of radar is exemplifies by what happens
when one shouts in a cave. The echo of the sounds againts the walls help a person determine
the size of the cave. With radar, however, the waves are radio waves instead of sound waves.
 Radio waves travel at the speed of light, about 300.000 kilometers in one second. A radar set
sends out a short burst of radiation waves. Then it receives the echoes produced when the
waves bounce off object. By determining the time it takes for the echoes to return to the radar
set, a trained technician can determine the distance between the radar set and other objects.
The word “radar”, in fact, gets its name from the term “radio detection ranging”. “Ranging” is
the term for detection of the distance between an object and the radar set. Besides being of
critical importance to pilots, radar is essential for air traffic control, tracking ships at sea, and for
tracking weather systems and storms.
9. What might be inferred about radar?
a. It takes the place of radio
b. It gave birth to the invention of the airplane
c. It developed from a study of sound waves
d. It has improved navigational safety
e. It travels at the speed of 300.000 kilometers per second
A new study satellite data from the last 19 years reveals that fresh water from melting glaciers
has caused the sea-level around the coast of Antartica to rise by 2 cm more than the global average
of 6 cm. Researchers at the University of Southampton detected the rapid rise in sea-level by
studying satellite scans of a regions that spans more than a million square kilometers.
The melting of the Antartic ice sheet and the thinning of floating ice shelves has contributed an
excess of around 350 gigatonnes of freshwater to the surrounding oceans that has been
corroborated by ship-based studies of water. In addition to satellite observations, the researchers
also conducted computer simulations of the effect of the melting glaciers on the Antartic Ocean. The
results of the simulation closely mirrored the real-world picture presented by the satellite data
10. What can be inferred from the text?
a. All islands in the world will be drowned because of the melting of Antartic ice sheet
b. The interaction between sea and ice in Antartica is central to the stability of global sea
level
c. Satellite observation is the best method to monitor Antartic ice sheet
d. Antartica has no more glaciers because they have melted
e. Scientists have now found the solution to stop the melting glaciers