WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS Disaster Readiness and Risk

Reduction & Grade 12, Quarter 3, Week 3

Hydrometeorological Hazards

Name: ___________________________________________ Section: ____________________

MELCS:

a. Recognize signs of impending hydrometeorological hazards DRR11/12-IIc-d-33

b. Interpret different hydrometeorological hazard maps DRR11/12-IIc-d-35
c. Use available tools for monitoring hydrometeorological hazards. DRR11/12-IIc-d-
36

Learning Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:

a. Know the signs of impending hydrometeorological hazards; and

b. explains different hydrometeorological hazard maps; and
c.apply available tools for monitoring hydrometeorological hazards

Time Allotment: 4 days

Key Concepts

I. WHAT ARE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS?

First let’s dissect the words and explain their definition:

• Hydrometeorology: it’s a branch of meteorology and hydrology that studies the

transfer of water and energy between the land surface and the lower atmosphere.

• Hazard: any source that can cause harm or damage to humans, property or the
environment.

Therefore, Hydro meteorological hazard is a “Process or phenomenon of

atmospheric, hydrological or oceanographic nature that may cause loss of life, injury or
other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic
disruption, or environmental damage”.

There are different Hydro-meteorological hazards occur in the world. Some of these are
tropical cyclones, thunderstorms, hailstorm, tornado, blizzards, heavy snowfall, avalanches,
coastal storm surges, drought, heat waves, and cold spells.

Author: Roy J. Dolera

School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
 II. Hydrometeorological hazards in the Philippines

HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS IN THE PHILIPPINES

TYPHOON
It is an extremely large and
destructive storm that occurs
especially in the region of the
Philippines or the China Sea.

Signs
Increase ocean swell
Barometric Pressure Drop
Wind Speed
Heavy Rainfall

Thunderstorm
It is a weather condition generally
characterize by heavy rain,
thunder, lightning and even the
possibility of tornado.

Signs
1. Cloud Formation Darkening
Sky
2. Lightning Wind
3. Wind

Flashflood/Flood
It is a local flood of short
duration generally resulting from
heavy rainfall in the immediate
vicinity.

Signs
1.Continuous storms, typhoons
and rain
2.Distant Thunder
3.Rapidly Rising water
4.Muddy Water
5.Water carry twigs, logs and
other debris

Author: Roy J. Dolera

School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
 Storm Surge
It is an escalating seawater to the
coast above normal sea level.

Signs
Cumulu-nimbus Darker sky
Low pressure Strong Winds
Rising of Seawater

El Nino
El Niño is a climate phenomenon
that occurs when a vast pool of
water in the eastern tropical
Pacific Ocean becomes
abnormally warm. Under normal
conditions, the warm water and
the rains it drives are in the
western Pacific

Signs:
Hot Weather High pressure
Change in temperature
Gradually Drying of land

La Nina
La Niña is a weather pattern that
occurs in the Pacific Ocean. In
this pattern, strong winds blow
warm water at the ocean’s
surface from South America to
Indonesia. As the warm water
moves west, cold water from the
deep rises to the surface near the
coast of South America.

Sign:
Cooling of sea surface
temperatures in the tropical
Pacific, which occurs roughly
every three to five years, lasting
from six to 24 months

Author: Roy J. Dolera

School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
 III. Hydrometeorological Hazard Maps

https://carmelaochea.wordpress.com/2018/01/24/hydrometeorological-hazard-maps/

Author: Roy J. Dolera

School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
 THUNDERSTORM

h t tp s : / / www. r ap p l e r .c om /n at io n / we a th e r / p ag as a - we a th e r -f or ec as t- s a tu r d ay - m a y- 2 0 1 3

Author: Roy J. Dolera

School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
Author: Roy J. Dolera
School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
https://carmelaochea.wordpress.com/2018/01/24/hydrometeorological-hazard-maps/

Author: Roy J. Dolera

School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
https://carmelaochea.wordpress.com/2018/01/24/hydrometeorological-hazard-maps/

Author: Roy J. Dolera

School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
 IV. Tools for Monitoring Hydro Meteorological Hazard Maps in
the Philippines

A. Temperature

A.1 Thermometer A thermometer measures the degree of hotness

or coldness of a given substance.

A.2 Maximum-Minimum Thermometer

Temperature refers to the degree of hotness and

coldness. It is measured using the maximum & minimum
thermometer. The unit of measurement is usually in degree
Celsius/centigrade.

A.3 Thermograph

A thermograph is an instrument that records air temperature

continuously on graphing paper. It usually consists of a cylinder
made to revolve once each week by means of clockworks inside.

B. Atmospheric Pressure

B.1 Mercurial Barometer

A mercurial barometer is a simple barometer made by filling a

glass tube 32 inches long with mercury and inverting it so that the
open end of the tube is below the surface of mercury in a cistern.

B.2 Aneroid Barometer

An aneroid barometer is made by removing the air from a thin,

circular, metallic box. With practically no air on the inside the box
would collapse.

B.3 Barograph

A barograph is a recording barometer. The pen point that

traces the pressure curve on the paper is made to move up or down
by means of a series of levers attached to aneroid cells (metallic boxes)
in tandem.

Author: Roy J. Dolera

School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
C. Atmospheric Humidity

C.1 Sling Psychrometer

It is used to measure both the dry bulb and wet bulb

temperatures at time. These temperatures are a measure of
humidity content in air.

C.2 Hygrometer

It is an instrument used to measure the amount of water

vapor in air, in soil, or in confined spaces. Humidity measurement
instruments usually rely on measurements of some other quantities
such as temperature, pressure, mass, a mechanical or electrical
change in a substance as moisture is absorbed.

C.3 Hygrothermograph

The Hygrothermograph records both relative humidity and

temperature on graph paper in the same manner as the
thermograph and barograph do.

D.Precipitation

D.1 8-inch Rain gauge

An 8-INCH RAINGAUGE, so called because the inside diameter of

the collector is exactly 8 inches above a funnel that conducts rain
into a cylindrical measuring tube or receiver. The volume of the
collector is 10 times the volume of the measuring tube. Therefore,
the actual depth of rainfall is increased ten times on being collected
in the smaller measuring tube.

D.2 Tipping Bucket Rain gauge

The tipping-bucket rain gauge is a type of rainfall recording

instrument. It is an upright cylinder that has funnel-shaped
collector

Author: Roy J. Dolera

School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
E. Clouds

E.1 Ceiling Light Projector

A ceiling light projector projects vertically a narrow beam of light

on to a cloud base.

E.2 Ceiling Balloon

Another way of determining the height of the cloud base is by

using a ceiling balloon. A ceiling balloon is a meteorological balloon
whose rate of ascent has been predetermined.

F. Special Instruments

F.1 Pilot Balloon/Theodolite

A Pilot Balloon is a meteorological balloon that is filled with gas

lighter than air. When the pilot balloon is used in conjunction with a
theodolite it is used to determine the speed and direction of winds at
different levels of the atmosphere.

F.2 Radiosonde

Radiosonde, an airborne instrument used for measuring pressure,

temperature and relative humidity in the upper air is the radiosonde.

F.3 Rawin - (Radio/Wind)

Another special instrument is the Rawin which is short for Radar

and Wind. It is an electronic device that measures pressure, temperature
and humidity. In other words, it is a method of observation of upper-air
winds conducted by means of a weather balloon tracked by radar or a
radio direction finder.

Author: Roy J. Dolera

School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
F.4 Wind Finding Radar

Another instrument is the Wind Finding Radar. It determines the

speed and direction of winds aloft by means of radar echoes. A radar
target is attached to a balloon and it is this target that is tracked by
ground radar. The bearing and time of interval of the echoes is evaluated
by a receiver.

F.5 Weather Surveillance Radar

A Weather Surveillance Radar is of the long range type which

detects and tracks typhoons and cloud masses at distance of 400
kilometers or less.

ACTIVITY NO. 1

Signs of Impending Hydrometeorological Hazard

Materials Needed:

A piece of Paper Ballpoint

pen
ruler

What to do:

Identify the impending signs of hydrometeorological hazards shown in the table below.

Type of Hydro
Image Impending Signs meteorological
hazards

Author: Roy J. Dolera

School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
Author: Roy J. Dolera
School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
 ACTIVITY NO.2

MONITORING HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS

Materials Needed:
A Piece of Paper
Ballpen

What to do:
Complete the table on the next page by selecting the tools to be used in monitoring
hydrometeorological hazards.

Tools in Monitoring Hydrometeorological Hazards

Thermometer Barometer Wind Finding Radar

Hygrothermograph

Tipping Bucket Rain gauge Thermograph Sling Psychrometer Hygrometer

Pilot Balloon/Theodolite Ceiling Light Projector

Author: Roy J. Dolera

School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
 Hydrometeorological Appropriate Tools to be Reason
Hazards used
Typhoon

El Nino

La Nina
Flashfloods/Floods
Storm Surge

Reflection:

If you were to experience any hydrometeorological hazard, what will you do to lessen the
impact of such hazard? Discuss in five sentences.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________.

Rubrics:

3- Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the concepts, and has no

misconception.
2- Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the concepts, but with minimal
misconception.
1-Practical application is explained consistent to the concepts, but with misconceptions. 0-
No discussion

References for learners:

(1) GAVANJANECEE. “Hydrometeorological hazard.” wordpress.com.

https://janeceegavan.wordpress.com/2018/01/25/hydro-meteorological-hazard/
(2) GOVPH.” Weather Instruments” bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph
http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/learning-tools/weather-instruments(7)
(3) News and Events. “What are hydrometeorological hazard?” Operandum-project.ue.
https://www.operandum-project.eu/news/what-are-hydrometeorological-hazards/
(4) “Science Laboratory Manual”
https://aldinhrnndz.files.wordpress.com/2015/06/grade-8-laboratory-manual.pdf

Author: Roy J. Dolera

School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]
Answer Key

Author: Roy J. Dolera

School/Station: Jose Sanvictores Sr. National School
Division: Surigao del Sur Division
email address: roy. [email protected]